![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ADIGELERDE-ICECEKLER-b.png\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Do\u00e7. Dr. VINEREKO Mir<\/strong> Daha \u00f6nce anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Adige sofra d\u00fczenleme kurallar\u0131 gere\u011fi, sadece bje (i\u00e7ecekler) de\u011fil, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yemek ve yiyecek \u00e7e\u015fidi bir kez konur ve bir kez yenirdi (bir yiyecek ya da i\u00e7ece\u011fi ikinci kez istemek gelene\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131yd\u0131). Sofradakiler de o yiyecekten bir kez tatma ya da yeme olana\u011f\u0131na sahip olurlard\u0131. Bu t\u00fcr bir s\u0131ral\u0131 sofra d\u00fczenlemesi ve yenip i\u00e7ilmesi ile insan\u0131n beden sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da korunmu\u015f olurdu. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k ve bir arada yemek yemek, asl\u0131nda insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na uygun de\u011fildir. Sane (\u015farap), boza (\u0448\u044a\u0443\u0430\u0442\u044d) ve baks\u0131me (\u0431\u0430\u0445\u044a\u0441\u044b\u043c\u044d) de gelene\u011fe uygun olarak i\u00e7ilirdi. Bu nedenle de Adige sofras\u0131ndan kimse sarho\u015f olmu\u015f olarak kalkmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n En \u00f6nemli durum ya\u015fl\u0131 ya da gen\u00e7 olsun erkekler, konuk ya da aile i\u00e7i sofrada olsun tek bir sofraya oturup birlikte yemezlerdi. Ya\u015f\u00e7a daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan\u0131n, sofrada oturan ya\u015f\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fcklerine ayakta hizmet etmesi gelenek gere\u011fiydi.<\/p>\n Elma suyu ve armut suyu gibi meyvelerin kaynat\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilen meyve sular\u0131n\u0131 su yerine her zaman ya da sofrada yemek yerken i\u00e7erlerdi. Meyve sular\u0131 ya\u015f ya da kuru meyvelerden elde edilirdi.<\/p>\n Adigelerin en sevdi\u011fi i\u00e7ecekler aras\u0131nda balsuyu (\u0448\u044a\u043e\u0443\u0441) da bulunurdu.<\/p>\n S\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7inde, yazlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, en \u00e7ok i\u00e7tikleri i\u00e7ecekler aras\u0131nda kund\u0131s\u0131v (\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0441\u044b\u0443) (1) da yer al\u0131rd\u0131. Kund\u0131s\u0131v’\u0131 yemek sonras\u0131nda ya da \u00f6ncesinde de i\u00e7erlerdi. Kund\u0131s\u0131v’\u0131n di\u011fer i\u00e7eceklerden farkl\u0131 olan yan\u0131, y\u0131l boyunca yenilenebilmesi, s\u00fcreklili\u011finin sa\u011flanabilmesiydi.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer Kafkas topluluklar\u0131 gibi Adigeler de yo\u011furdu ka\u015f\u0131kla yerlerdi. \u00c7i\u011f s\u00fct\u00fcn yararl\u0131 y\u00f6nlerinin daha zengin oldu\u011funu bilirlerdi. Sonu\u00e7 olarak s\u00fct\u00fc kaynatmaz, kabarmas\u0131 ile yetinirlerdi (\u0449\u044d\u0440 \u0430\u0433\u044a\u0430\u0436\u044a\u043e\u0449\u0442\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d\u043f, \u0430\u0433\u044a\u0430\u0440\u0449\u0442\u044d\u0449\u0442\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d). Ancak \u00e7i\u011f s\u00fct, yiyecekler aras\u0131nda yer almazd\u0131, kabarm\u0131\u015f (\u0433\u044a\u044d\u043f\u0449\u0442\u044d\u0433\u044a\u044d) so\u011fuk s\u00fct\u00fc isteyene su yerine sunarlard\u0131.<\/p>\n S\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri (\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0449) yarar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131rlard\u0131:Koyun s\u00fct\u00fcnden peynir ve yo\u011furt, manda s\u00fct\u00fcnden krema\/kaymak (\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044d), inek s\u00fct\u00fcnden yay\u0131k tereya\u011f\u0131 (\u0442\u0445\u044a\u043d\u043e\u0433\u044a\u0430\u043a1) elde ederlerdi. Ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 en \u00e7ok inek s\u00fct\u00fcnden \u00fcretirlerdi. K\u0131\u015f\u0131n sa\u011f\u0131lan sa\u011fmal inek s\u00fct\u00fcnden yap\u0131lma yo\u011furdun en kaliteli yo\u011furt oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerlerdi.<\/p>\n S\u0131cak i\u00e7ecekleri s\u00fctten, \u00fcst\u00fcne biber ya\u011f\u0131\/sosu koyarak yaparlard\u0131:Pirin\u00e7 hathupsu\/\u00e7orbas\u0131 (\u043f\u044b\u043d\u0434\u0436 \u0445\u044c\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0445\u044a\u0443\u043f\u0441), dar\u0131 hanthupsu (\u0444\u044b\u0433\u0443 \u0445\u044c\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0445\u044a\u0443\u043f\u0441), m\u0131s\u0131r \u00e7orbas\u0131 (\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0444\u044b\u043f\u0441), fasulye \u00e7orbas\u0131 (\u0434\u0436\u044d\u043d\u0447\u044b\u043f\u0441), hagul\u0131jo (\u0445\u044c\u0430\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044b\u0436\u044a\u043e). B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar s\u00fct-krema (\u0449\u044d-\u0449\u044d\u0448\u044a\u0445\u044c\u044d) kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00fcretilirlerdi. Et suyundan (\u043b\u044d\u043f\u0441\u044b) yap\u0131lan hanthupslara\/\u00e7orbalara s\u00fct kat\u0131lmazd\u0131. Etlilere do\u011franm\u0131\u015f maydanoz, tuzlan\u0131p d\u00f6v\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f sar\u0131msak, biber sosu kat\u0131lmas\u0131 uygun bulunurdu.<\/p>\n K\u0131\u015f hanthups\u0131’n\u0131n \u00fczerine d\u00f6k\u00fclecek olan biber ya\u011f\u0131 (\u0449\u044b\u0431\u0436\u044c\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0433\u044a\u044d), kal\u0131p ya\u011f (\u0434\u044d\u0433\u044a\u044d \u0433\u044a\u0443\u0440\u0434\u044d) bi\u00e7iminde haz\u0131rlan\u0131p k\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in bekletilebilirdi. Kal\u0131p ya\u011f, koyun s\u00fct\u00fc kaynat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, tencerede so\u011fan da k\u0131zart\u0131l\u0131r, ona biber ve maydanoz ilave edilir, birlikte bir yiyecek \u00fcretilirdi. Bu yiyecek so\u011fanl\u0131 ve baharatl\u0131 olarak odun tekneye konurdu. Kavrulmu\u015f so\u011fan\u0131n dibe \u00e7\u00f6kmemesi i\u00e7in, havas\u0131 gidinceye de\u011fin, teknedeki kal\u0131p ya\u011f kep\u00e7eyle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, kat\u0131la\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da, i\u00e7ine yontulmu\u015f bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sopa bat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, \u00e7ubu\u011fun kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131n i\u00e7inde donmas\u0131 ve kayna\u015fmas\u0131 beklenirdi. Ard\u0131ndan teknenin i\u00e7indeki kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m b\u0131\u00e7ak yard\u0131m\u0131yla ayr\u0131l\u0131r, tekne ters \u00e7evrilir, i\u00e7indeki al\u0131n\u0131r, i\u00e7ine yontulmu\u015f bir odun bat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, donmas\u0131 beklenir, donunca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sopa \u00e7entikli (\u043b\u044d\u0434\u044d\u0445) yerlerinden iple, sular\u0131n\u0131n akmas\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek\u00e7e bir yere as\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Ya\u011f kal\u0131b\u0131ndan kesilen dilimler, k\u0131\u015f hanthups\u0131, et suyu, m\u0131s\u0131r ve fasulye \u00e7orbalar\u0131 \u00fczerine d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr ya da i\u00e7ine katl\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n Sulu yiyeceklere b\u00f6yle biberli ya\u011flar\/soslar kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, hele ona bir de s\u00fct tozu (\u0449\u044d \u0436\u044a\u043e\u0436\u044c\u044d\u0444\u044d) par\u00e7alar\u0131 eklendi\u011finde, et suyundan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir et yiyece\u011fi gibi, bir et kokusu verirdi.<\/p>\n \u00c7esdes ve \u00c7’ap\u015fe sofralar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri (\u0427\u044d\u0449\u0434\u044d\u0441 \u044b\u043a1\u0438 \u043a1\u044d\u0440\u0449\u044d 1\u0430\u043d\u044d\u043c\u044d \u044f\u043d\u044d\u0448\u0430\u043d\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0440) \u00c7e\u015fdes\u2019te her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yiyecek yap\u0131labilirdi. \u00c7e\u015fdes yeme\u011finin amac\u0131, herg\u00fcn evlerde yap\u0131lan yiyecekleri yapmak i\u00e7in ustala\u015fmak gerekti\u011fini anlatmak, \u00f6\u011fretmek, gen\u00e7lerin eksikliklerini g\u00f6rmelerini sa\u011flamak idi.<\/p>\n \u00c7e\u015fdes yap\u0131lan evin kad\u0131nlar\u0131 yiyecek haz\u0131rlamaya kat\u0131lmaz, gen\u00e7lerin yapt\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u0131\u015fmaz, sadece yap\u0131lanlar\u0131 g\u00f6zetlemekle yetinirlerdi.<\/p>\n Ne yapsalar, bir \u015feyleri k\u0131r\u0131p d\u00f6kseler ya da yaksalar bile \u00e7ocuklara kar\u0131\u015fmazlar, hi\u00e7bir \u015fey olmam\u0131\u015f gibi davran\u0131rlard\u0131. Gen\u00e7leri \u00fczecek, onlar\u0131n keyiflerini ka\u00e7\u0131racak davran\u0131\u015flardan da titizlikle ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n \u00c7e\u015fdes sona erdi\u011finde, k\u0131z ve erkekler ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131 birlikte temizler, evin kad\u0131n\u0131na (\u0431\u044b\u0441\u044b\u043c\u0433\u0443\u0430\u0449\u044d) te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerini sunarak sofray\u0131 verirlerdi.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u2019ap\u015fe<\/b>\/yaral\u0131\/hasta sofras\u0131 (\u043a1\u044d\u043f\u0449\u044d 1\u0430\u043d\u044d) ise ba\u015fka bir ama\u00e7la kurulurdu, hastay\u0131\/yaral\u0131y\u0131 ne\u015felendirmek, e\u011flentiler d\u00fczenlemek ve yaral\u0131n\u0131n ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak ama\u00e7lan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u2019ap\u015fe\u2019ye haz\u0131r yiyecek, yemeklik (\u0433\u044a\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0445\u044a\u044d) ve kesimlik hayvan (\u043d\u044b\u0449) getirilirdi. Bu da yaral\u0131 ile, onun yak\u0131n ve akrabalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda varolan ili\u015fkiler, sevgi ve dostluk ba\u011flar\u0131 gere\u011fi yerine getirilirdi.<\/p>\n Genel sofralara (\u04461\u044b\u0444\u044b\u0431\u044d 1\u0430\u043d\u044d) konan, insana g\u00fc\u00e7 ve derman veren, iyile\u015ftirme \u00f6zelli\u011fi olan yemeklikler (\u0433\u044a\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0445\u044a\u044d) g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, onlardan \u00e7\u2019ap\u015fe yiyecekleri haz\u0131rlan\u0131r ve sofralara konurdu.<\/p>\n Ancak, sadece \u00e7\u2019ap\u015fe i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan, ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir yere g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmeyen oyun ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir yiyecek (\u0448\u0445\u044b\u043d\u044b\u0433\u044a\u043e \u0434\u0436\u044d\u0433\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044a\u044d) de vard\u0131, buna tseldav (\u0446\u044d\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0443) denirdi. Tseldav s\u00fct ve bal kat\u0131larak kabart\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f hamur yo\u011furulur, tavada pi\u015firilir, ucundan k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndan \u0131s\u0131r\u0131labilecek gibi bi\u00e7imlendirilir, \u00fcst\u00fcnde bir oyuncak (\u0448\u044a\u0445\u044c\u0430\u04421\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043a\u044a) bulunan, rendelenmi\u015f bir sopa ile pi\u015firilip kayna\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Tseldav\u2019\u0131n\/ekme\u011fin ortas\u0131na yumurta konurdu. Yumurtta ya\u015fam\u0131\/sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 simgelerdi. Hamurdan yap\u0131lma s\u00fcsler de eklenerek tseldav haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olurdu (*). B\u0130LG\u0130 NOTU: Doç. Dr. VINEREKO Mir Maykop, Adige Cumhuriyeti Devlet Basımevi, 2007 ADİGE GELENEĞİ (АДЫГЭ ХАБЗ) Altıncı Sınıf Adige Cumhuriyeti Eğitim ve Bilim Bakanlığı tarafından kabul edilmiştir. Daha önce anlattığımız Adige sofra düzenleme kuralları gereği, sadece bje (içecekler) değil, her türlü yemek ve yiyecek çeşidi bir kez konur ve bir kez yenirdi (bir yiyecek ya da içeceği 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\nMaykop, Adige Cumhuriyeti Devlet Bas\u0131mevi, 2007
\nAD\u0130GE GELENE\u011e\u0130 (\u0410\u0414\u042b\u0413\u042d \u0425\u0410\u0411\u0417)
\nAlt\u0131nc\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131f
\nAdige Cumhuriyeti E\u011fitim ve Bilim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\n<\/b>
\n\u00c7e\u015fdes, delikanl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa yeni ad\u0131m atan\/yeni yetme gen\u00e7ler ve k\u0131zlar aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir e\u011flenme bi\u00e7imidir. Sofra kurma ve toplama bi\u00e7imi de e\u011flenceli\/komedi t\u00fcr\u00fcnde (\u0441\u044d\u043c\u044d\u0440\u043a\u044a\u044d\u0443 \u0445\u044d\u0434\u044a\u044d\u0443) olurdu. \u00c7e\u015fdes\u2019e kat\u0131lacak k\u0131zlar annelerine bildirmeden baz\u0131 yiyecekler getirebilirlerdi, gelenek buna izin veriyordu. Delikanl\u0131lar da o ak\u015fam i\u00e7in anne ya da amcalar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcmeslerini ziyaret edebilirlerdi. Bu gibi \u015feyler izin gerektirmiyordu. Ard\u0131ndan sofraya konacak yiyecekler, gen\u00e7lerin yard\u0131mlar\u0131yla k\u0131zlar taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlan\u0131r, ba\u015fkalar\u0131 bu i\u015fe kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmazd\u0131. Gen\u00e7lerin odun ve su getirerek k\u0131zlara yard\u0131m etmeleri, k\u0131zlar\u0131n s\u00f6zleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmamalar\u0131 gerekiyordu. K\u0131zlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakiler yemek kazan\u0131na (\u0449\u044b\u0443\u0430\u043d\u044b1\u0443) yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmazd\u0131. Acemlik nedeniyle baz\u0131 yiyecekler yak\u0131labilirdi, ancak k\u0131z ya da delikanl\u0131, geceye kat\u0131lan herkesin, iyi ya da k\u00f6t\u00fc demeden, birbirine tak\u0131lma ve \u015fakala\u015fmalar i\u00e7inde, haz\u0131rlanan yiyeceklerden yemeleri gerekiyordu.<\/p>\n
\n<\/b><\/p>\n
\n(*) <\/b>Tseldav, ipe as\u0131l\u0131r, elle dokunulmadan s\u0131rf di\u015fle yenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u00c7\u2019ap\u015fe\u2019lerde yap\u0131lan bu t\u00fcr di\u015fle ekmek yeme yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na upave (1\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043e) de denirdi. -HCY<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"