{"id":10534,"date":"2019-03-18T13:56:27","date_gmt":"2019-03-18T18:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=10534"},"modified":"2019-03-18T13:56:27","modified_gmt":"2019-03-18T18:56:27","slug":"cerkesya-kronolojisi-dinsel-tarih","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/cerkesya-kronolojisi-dinsel-tarih\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7ERKESYA KRONOLOJ\u0130S\u0130 (Dinsel Tarih)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/z-2013-Images-2\/260.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"417\" height=\"305\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>1333<br \/>\n<\/strong>Adige kral\u0131 Fersache&#8217;nin Roma Katolik mezhebini Matrega kentinde yap\u0131lan bir merasimle kabul etmesi. Ancak, bu kabul Bizans Kilisesi&#8217;nin egemenli\u011fini sarsamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ferzache t\u00fcm resmi\u00a0 seremonilerde han\u0131m\u0131 da yan\u0131nda kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Dominik rahipleri yazmaktad\u0131r. Feryache Avrupa krall\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve Papal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Do\u011fu&#8217;dan gelecek olan Mo\u011fol ve Tamelan tehlikesine kar\u015f\u0131 uyarsa da kimse inanmaz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1390<br \/>\n<\/strong>Mingrel Kral\u0131 Daoban Wamek Cristav&#8217;\u0131n Kral VI. Bagrat ad\u0131na \u00c7erkesya&#8217;ya ak\u0131n d\u00fczenlemesi, Mingrel kral\u0131 ak\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olur. \u00c7erkesya&#8217;daki kiliseleri ve putperest tap\u0131naklar\u0131 y\u0131kar, bu y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lardan mermerleri ta\u015f\u0131tarak KOP\u0130&#8217;deki piskoposluk kilisesini yapt\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>XV. yy.<br \/>\n<\/strong>Kabardey Prenslerinin \u0130slam dinini kabul etmeleri. Halka ise bu dini yasaklamalar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bizansl\u0131 yazar Chaleocondyles \u2018Tzarcassen\u2019 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kullanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>XVI. yy.<br \/>\n<\/strong>Asetinlerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Kabardey y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131na girmeleri.<\/p>\n<p>Abhazya&#8217;n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimini tan\u0131mas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130slam dininin Abhazlara zorla ve kanl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kabul ettirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Ps\u0131j (Kuban) nehrinin \u00f6zg\u00fcr Adigeler ile K\u0131r\u0131m egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131ndaki Adigeler aras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r olarak kabul edilmesi.<\/p>\n<p>Kabardey&#8217;in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve b\u00fcy\u00fck Kabardey ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1560<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0130slam dinini kabul etmi\u015f olan Kabardey soylular\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinin askeri ve politik bask\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 Ruslardan yard\u0131m istemeleri. H\u0131ristiyan dininin Kabardey halk\u0131 aras\u0131nda yeniden canlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Moskova&#8217;dan Kabardey&#8217;e papazlar\u0131n g\u00f6nderilmesinin istenmesi.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1717<\/b><\/p>\n<p>K\u0131r\u0131m Han\u0131 Devlet Girey ve Gazi Girey&#8217;in yeni\u00adden Kabardey&#8217;e gitmeleri. K\u0131r\u0131m Han\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7erkesleri yeniden \u0130slam dinine girmesi i\u00e7in zorlamas\u0131. Kabul etmeyenlerin k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irilmesi. Papazlar\u0131n ve H\u0131ristiyan Adigelerin kiliselere doldurularak canl\u0131 canl\u0131 yak\u0131lmalar\u0131. Bu vah\u015fette papazlar\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk \u00c7erkes tarihi yazar\u0131 olan papaz ile birlikte yanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1732<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Tatar ve Kalmuklarca ku\u015fat\u0131lan bir Rus birli\u011finin Kabardey kuvvetlerince kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Kabardey P\u015filar\u0131n\u0131n hemen hepsinin \u0130slam dinine ge\u00e7mesine kar\u015f\u0131n, Kabardey halk\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun halen H\u0131ristiyan olarak kald\u0131klar\u0131 hususunun Kabardey el\u00e7ilerince Moskova&#8217;da \u00c7ar&#8217;a s\u00f6ylenmesi.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1745<\/b><\/p>\n<p>H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131ktan eski \u00e7ok tanr\u0131l\u0131 dinlerine d\u00f6nen Asetinleri tekrar H\u0131ristiyan dinine d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kampanya ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131. H\u0131ristiyan vaftizi yapt\u0131ran her Asetin&#8217;e bir g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ha\u00e7 ile bir g\u00f6mlek arma\u011fan verilir. Asetinlerin tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu kendini vaftiz ettirir. Bu Rus politikas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 Dervi\u015f Mansur Muhammed (\u015eeyh Mansur) \u0130slam dinini yaymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca Lezgi ve \u00c7e\u00e7enler aras\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1782<\/b><\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcrc\u00fc k\u00f6kenli Osmanl\u0131 Pa\u015fas\u0131 Ferah Ali&#8217;nin \u00c7erkesleri M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rmak, Osmanl\u0131 tabiiyetine sokmak, imparatorlu\u011fun do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 bu yolla g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak amac\u0131 ile So\u011fucak Kalesine gelmesi.<\/p>\n<p>Ferah Ali Pa\u015fa&#8217;n\u0131n politik ili\u015fkileri ve oyunlar\u0131 ile Hac\u0131lar 2 bin, Hatukuay&#8217;a 10 bin ve Anapa Kalesi civar\u0131na da 10 bin Tatar\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilmesi.<\/p>\n<p>Ferah Ali Pa\u015fa bu tarihte Kuzey Adigelerinin baz\u0131 beyleri ile bir antla\u015fma imzalayarak herhangi bir sava\u015f an\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti&#8217;nin yan\u0131nda yer almalar\u0131 hususunu karar alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1785-1791<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Mansur U\u015furme&#8217;nin Adigeleri \u0130slam dinine d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1801-1844<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u00dcnl\u00fc \u00c7erkes Tarih\u00e7isi sora Neguma Be\u00e7m\u0131rza&#8217;n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nem.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk Adige dilbilgisi ve ilk \u00c7erkes tarihini yazan, Neguma Ps\u0131fabe (Pyatigorsk) yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Negume k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Kabardey&#8217;e yerle\u015fmi\u015f bir Abedzech aileden gelmi\u015ftir. Babas\u0131 onu Da\u011f\u0131stan&#8217;a din e\u011fitimi i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderir. Ancak &#8220;Halk\u0131ma ve vatan\u0131ma yarar\u0131 olmayacak bir ilmi \u00f6\u011frenmek istemiyorum&#8221; diyerek medreseden ka\u00e7ar, Rus okulunu ba\u015far\u0131 ile bitirir. Rus memuru olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, Rusya kitapl\u0131klar\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapar. Yukar\u0131da yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 halk\u0131na arma\u011fan eder<\/p>\n<p><b> 1807<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Kabardey&#8217;de dini mahkemelerin yeniden kurulmas\u0131. Anapa&#8217;n\u0131n Ruslarca ele ge\u00e7irilmesi.<\/p>\n<p><b> 22 Kas\u0131m 1838<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Mensur&#8217;un Shapsugh sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 ile aras\u0131ndaki anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gidermek, b\u00f6ylece birlikte sava\u015fmak i\u00e7in J. Bell&#8217;den arabuluculuk yapmas\u0131n\u0131 istemesi.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1842<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Abun kalesine sald\u0131r\u0131 ve kalenin al\u0131nmas\u0131. Askerlerin k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irilmesi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ops\u0131n Kalesine \u00e7ok kurnazca bir planla sald\u0131ran \u00c7erkesler kaleyi ele ge\u00e7irirler. Kale, iki top\u00e7u taburu, \u00f6zel e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kazak birli\u011fi ve 30 topla korunuyordu. Vana kabilesinden (Negepsicho\u2019da ya\u015fayan) Y. Tousiok komutas\u0131nda 10 bin sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 Kubat&#8217;tan hareket ederler. (\u00c7epsun yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bir \u0131rmak) Zazi Ali ve Zazi Mehmet&#8217;te komutanlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Sapte kalesinden Tzako&#8217;nun da kat\u0131lmas\u0131yla yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131da kale ele ge\u00e7irilir. Bu bask\u0131n haberi daha \u00f6nce casuslar kanal\u0131 ile Ruslara duyuruldu\u011fundan \u00c7erkesler bin 500 kay\u0131p verirler. Ruslar\u0131n \u00c7erkesya k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndaki kontrollerini s\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131. Bu ablukaya ra\u011fmen 150 yabanc\u0131 gemi \u00c7erkesya&#8217;ya gelip gider. \u015eeyh \u015eamil&#8217;in ilk kez Naibi Hac\u0131 Mehmet&#8217;i<br \/>\nAbedzechlere g\u00f6ndermesi. \u015eamil naibi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Abedzechleri \u0130slam dinine davet eder. \u00c7erkes \u00f6rf ve geleneklerini hi\u00e7e sayarak \u015feriat kurallar\u0131n\u0131<br \/>\ntatbike kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131nca Abedzechleri k\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131r. Hac\u0131 Mehmet zehirlenerek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><b> Yaz 1843<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u015eeyh \u015eamil&#8217;in naibi Ahverdi Mohaman&#8217;\u0131n Kabardey&#8217;de Cherzurdsen k\u00f6y\u00fcne ak\u0131n d\u00fczenler. Ancak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamaz ve k\u00f6yl\u00fclerce \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1844 (1846)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u015eeyh \u015eamil 12 bin ki\u015filik s\u00fcvari g\u00fcc\u00fc ile Kabardey&#8217;e ak\u0131n d\u00fczenler. Baz\u0131 Adige k\u00f6yleri \u015eamil&#8217;i desteklerler. \u015eamil a\u00e7\u0131k ovada sava\u015fmaktan \u00e7ekindi\u011fi i\u00e7in, geriye da\u011flara \u00e7ekilir. Adigelerin pek \u00e7o\u011fu \u00c7e\u00e7enleri topraklar\u0131na \u00e7ekmek istemediklerinden sava\u015flarda tarafs\u0131z kal\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1844<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Hac\u0131 Mehmet&#8217;in zehirlenerek \u00f6lmesinden sonra \u015eamil bu kez Hac\u0131 S\u00fcleyman ad\u0131ndaki naibini \u00c7erkesya&#8217;ya g\u00f6nderir. O da Hac\u0131 Mehmet&#8217;in d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hataya d\u00fc\u015fer. Gelenekler yerine \u015feriat kurallar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca Abedzechlerce \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ba\u015fka bir s\u00f6ylentiye g\u00f6re ise Ruslar\u0131n taraf\u0131na ge\u00e7ti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Rus b\u00f6lgelerinde yay\u0131nlanan fetvalar\u0131n Hac\u0131 S\u00fcleyman&#8217;a ait oldu\u011fu sonradan anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1846<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Hac\u0131 Mehmet ve Hac\u0131 S\u00fcleyman&#8217;dan sonra, \u015eamil Naip Muhammed Emin&#8217;i Abedzechlere g\u00f6nderir. M. Emin di\u011fer naiplerin hatas\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmez.<br \/>\nDaha ak\u0131ll\u0131ca bir yol izler. \u0130lk iki y\u0131l sesini \u00e7\u0131kartmadan halk\u0131 tan\u0131maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u015eeriat kurallar\u0131n\u0131 Abedzechlere kabul ettiremeyece\u011fini anlay\u0131nca, s\u00f6zde \u015eamil&#8217;e ba\u011fl\u0131, ger\u00e7ekte ise Adige gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklerine uyan bir y\u00f6netim sistemi kurar. Abedzechler bu y\u00f6ntemi benimserler.<\/p>\n<p><b> Ekim 1848<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Abedzech&#8217;te P\u015feha nehri kenar\u0131nda, M. Emin&#8217;in kendisinin \u015eamil&#8217;in naibi oldu\u011funu ilan etmesi. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte \u015eamil&#8217;e ba\u011fl\u0131, ger\u00e7ekte ise Abedzech halk meclisine ba\u011fl\u0131, geleneklere g\u00f6re y\u00f6netilen bir idare kurmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nisan 1848<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Shapsugh \u00c7erkeslerin \u0130slam dinini kabul etmemekte direnmektedirler. M. Emin Psikups nehri k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na gelerek, t\u00fcm inananlar\u0131n Shapsughlara kar\u015f\u0131 cihada kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. 2 bine yak\u0131n Abedzech bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ya uyar. Bin kadar Shapsugh da bunlara kat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu gruba 24 Nisan\u2019da 3 bin ki\u015fi daha kat\u0131larak say\u0131lar\u0131 6 bine y\u00fckselir.<\/p>\n<p>Dogai nehri k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bu karde\u015f kavgas\u0131nda M. Emin&#8217;in sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukta olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen geri \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kal\u0131rlar. 26 Nisan&#8217;da ise \u0130slamiyet&#8217;i kabul etmeyen Shapsughlar bozguna u\u011frat\u0131l\u0131rlar. Her iki taraf da 500&#8217;e yak\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fc verilir (Ne ilgin\u00e7tir ki, iki taraf\u0131n komutanlar\u0131 Adige k\u00f6kenli de\u011fildi, Sefer Bey Tatar, M. Emin ise Da\u011f\u0131stan k\u00f6kenli idiler. B.\u00d6.) Naib sava\u015fa devamla Ub\u0131n, Az\u0131ps, Il, Hopl, An\u00e7\u0131r ve Bo\u011fand\u0131r nehirleri k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda 25 bin sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 komutas\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplar. Daha sonra Natuchuac b\u00f6lgesine girer, onlar\u0131 da kendisine ba\u011flar, Anapa ve Sucuk kalelerine sald\u0131r\u0131r. Ancak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamaz. Natuchuac da mahkemeler kurar. Adamlar\u0131na Hanoktz&#8217;\u0131k unvan\u0131n\u0131 verir. Zapt etti\u011fi Shapsugh eyaletini \u00fc\u00e7 idari b\u00f6lgeye ay\u0131r\u0131r. Ab\u0131n, An\u00e7\u0131r ve Ub\u0131n. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Abedzech eyaletini de be\u015f idari b\u00f6lgeye ay\u0131r\u0131r. Psikups, Psi\u015f, P\u015faha, \u015eafgua\u00e7 ve Bzedach. Halktan vergi toplan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b> Eyl\u00fcl-Kas\u0131m<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Da\u011flarda ya\u015fayan Shapsughlar istemedikleri halde karde\u015f kan\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6k\u00fclmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in M. Emin&#8217;e kat\u0131l\u0131rlar. Ancak yine de \u0130slam dinini kabul etmezler. Bu Shapsugh b\u00f6lgesi de \u00fc\u00e7 idari b\u00f6lgeye ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<br \/>\nP\u015fad-Mez\u0131b, \u015eapsuch ve Toabs.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1849-1850<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Wub\u0131hlar da karde\u015f kan\u0131 ak\u0131tmamak i\u00e7in M. Emin&#8217;e kat\u0131l\u0131rlar. Ancak Da\u011f Shapsughlar\u0131 gibi Wub\u0131hlar da \u0130slam dinini kabul etmezler.<\/p>\n<p><b> 27 Eyl\u00fcl<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0130smail Pa\u015fa Lapinski&#8217;yi ziyarete gelir. \u00c7erkes oldu\u011funu, \u00c7erkesleri temsil etti\u011fini, dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile\u00a0 isteklerini yerine getirmeye haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Lapinski ona M. Emin hakk\u0131nda soru y\u00f6neltince &#8220;Fanatik bir din adam\u0131, \u0130slamiyet\u2019i yaymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, H\u0131ristiyan d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131&#8221; der ve Sefer Bey\u00a0 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerir. &#8220;Sefer Bey Sultan&#8217;\u0131n sad\u0131k dostudur&#8221; der.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1856 Kas\u0131m<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Tutuklanarak \u015eam&#8217;a\u00a0 s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilen\u00a0 M. Emin&#8217;e Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmeti 5000 piaster ayl\u0131k ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Buna ra\u011fmen s\u00fcrg\u00fcn yerinden ka\u00e7ar, gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz demeden Karadeniz&#8217;e do\u011fru at s\u00fcrer. Alt\u0131nda birka\u00e7 at \u00f6l\u00fcr. Karadeniz&#8217;de bir tekne sal\u0131n al\u0131r ve 28 Kas\u0131m 1856&#8217;da Kafkasya&#8217;ya \u00e7\u0131karak Abedzechlerin ba\u015f\u0131na lider olarak yeniden d\u00f6ner.<\/p>\n<p><b> 29 Nisan<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Atekuma&#8217;da 12 bin askerin toplanmas\u0131. Bu asker\u00adlerin kar\u0131s\u0131nda 450 s\u00fcvari ve 1 bin 800 yaya sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131dan olu\u015fan Adige g\u00fc\u00e7leri yerlerini al\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p>Ruslar Abedzech&#8217;de ve Lale&#8217;de yak\u0131lan kalelerini onarmaya ba\u015flarlar.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Emin, \u00c7erkes as\u0131ll\u0131 bir subay\u0131n\u0131 getirip Tuapse&#8217;ye yerle\u015ftirir. Oradan \u0130slam dinini yaymaya ve \u015feriat d\u00fczenini kurmaya giri\u015fir. Gen\u00e7 bir \u00c7erkes k\u0131z\u0131 ile k\u0131z\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131 hilaf\u0131na zorla evlenmeye kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131nca halk galeyana gelip bu subay\u0131 lin\u00e7 ederler. Kurdu\u011fu mahkemelikler yak\u0131l\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r, Hoca ve kad\u0131lar \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, ka\u00e7abilenler canlar\u0131n\u0131 zor kurtar\u0131rlar. Nevcioko Habl ile Psikups aras\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Abedzechlerde M. Emin&#8217;den koparlar. Kopma nedeni \u00c7erkes gelenek ve g\u00f6renekleri yerine \u015eeriat kurallar\u0131n\u0131 yerle\u015ftirmeye kalk\u0131\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b> 12 Ocak 1859<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Lapinski&#8217;nin M. Emin&#8217;e birlikte hareket etmek ve birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak teklifini g\u00f6ndermesi.<\/p>\n<p><b> 2 \u015eubat<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Emin&#8217;den olumlu cevap gelince Lapinski 50 s\u00fcvari ile Abedzech b\u00f6lgesine hareket eder. Shapsughlar Lapinski&#8217;nin bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lamazlar ve ona ho\u015fnutsuzluklar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle bildirirler: &#8220;Ne naibi, ne de Sefer Bey&#8217;i istiyoruz&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b> 6 \u015eubat<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Lapinski&#8217;nin P\u015fis&#8217;te M. Emin ile bir araya gelmesi.<\/p>\n<p><b> 12 \u015eubat<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Emin&#8217;in Abedzech b\u00f6lgesinde kurultay toplamak istemesi. Ancak bu iste\u011fe Abedzech thamadelerinin yar\u0131s\u0131 ile birka\u00e7 Wub\u0131h thamadesi kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b> 8 Temmuz<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u015eeyh \u015eamil M. Emin&#8217;e bir mektup yazarak Da\u011f\u0131stan&#8217;daki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin bozuldu\u011funu, halk\u0131n art\u0131k sava\u015f istemedi\u011fini, kendisinin de Abedzech b\u00f6lgesine gelmek istedi\u011fini bildirir. M. Emin \u015fu tarihi cevab\u0131 verir: &#8220;SAKIN BURAYA GELME. GELSEN B\u0130LE BEN SEN\u0130N YA\u015eAMINI KORUYAMAM. ABEDZECHLER \u015eER\u0130AT&#8217;I TANIMIYOR VE D\u0130NLEM\u0130YORLAR. \u015eE\u00adR\u0130AT D\u00dc\u015eMANIDIRLAR. SEN \u0130SE KATI B\u0130R \u015eEK\u0130LDE D\u0130NDARSIN VE \u015eER\u0130AT\u00c7ISIN. BU NEDENLE SEN\u0130 ARALARINDA BARINDIRMAZLAR, YA\u015eATMAZLAR&#8221;. Bu mektubu alan \u015eamil Abedzech b\u00f6lgesine gelmekten vazge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n<p><b> 23-24 Temmuz<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Abedzechlerin art\u0131k sava\u015fmak istememeleri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden anla\u015fma imzalamay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeleri. Ayr\u0131ca M. Emin&#8217;i yakalayarak Ruslara teslim etmeyi de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedirler.<\/p>\n<p><b> 1 A\u011fustos<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Emin art\u0131k Abedzechler aras\u0131nda otoritesini tamamen yitirmi\u015ftir. Bu durumu P\u015fha nehri k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda Lapinski&#8217;ye a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a s\u00f6ylerler.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b> 14 A\u011fustos<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u015eamil&#8217;den M. Emin&#8217;e gelen bir mektupta, kendisinin sava\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakarak teslim oldu\u011fu bildirilmektedir.<br \/>\nAbedzechlerde sava\u015f moralinin yok olmas\u0131 ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmelerin ba\u015flamas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><b> 20 A\u011fustos<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Laba&#8217;da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kurultay toplan\u0131r. Bu toplant\u0131ya Abedzechlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu kat\u0131lmazlar. Abazinlerden 38 thamade, Suanetlerden 62 thamade, Asetinlerden de 9 atl\u0131 bu toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131l\u0131rlar. Shapsugh ve Wub\u0131hlar da gelirler. M. Emin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek kat\u0131lmaz. Shapsughlar ile Wub\u0131hlar anla\u015famaz ve toplant\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u00ad\u015famadan da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b> 5 Aral\u0131k 1859<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ar bu d\u00f6nen Tatarlar\u0131 H\u0131ristiyan dinine girmesi \u015fart\u0131 ile kabul ediyordu. Tatarla birlikte 6 bin kadar Kabardey \u00c7erkes&#8217;i de ayn\u0131 ac\u0131lar\u0131, sefil insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaderi payla\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmeti yukar\u0131daki dinsel program\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilmek, i\u00e7in, bir\u00e7ok fanatik dinci \u00c7erkes&#8217;i de Adigey&#8217;e g\u00f6nderirler. Ancak yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fimiz Tatar ve Kabardeylerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 durumu kavray\u0131nca Osmanl\u0131 politikas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Bu \u00c7erkesler Kabardey&#8217;e d\u00f6n\u00fcnce g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ger\u00e7ekleri anlatarak g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunurlar.<\/p>\n<p><b> 6 Aral\u0131k<\/b><\/p>\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131da Abedzech Thamadelerinin ve M. Emin\u2019in Ruslarla \u015ehagua\u015fe&#8217;de anla\u015fmalar\u0131. Ruslar Abedzechleri b\u00fcy\u00fck bir askeri t\u00f6renle kar\u015f\u0131larlar. M. Emin ve 24 Thamade Tiflis&#8217;e giderler ve Rusya Genel Valisine teslim olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bildirirler. Oradan tekrar geriye d\u00f6nerek yine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir delege grubu ile birlikte Petersburg&#8221;a giderek \u00c7ar&#8217;a ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sunarlar. M. Emin ve thamadeler Petersburg&#8217;da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir askeri t\u00f6renle kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131rlar. Kendilerine daha \u00f6nce antla\u015fma yapmak \u00fczere gelen Prensler (P\u015f\u0131) gibi davran\u0131l\u0131r. Petersburg&#8217;da serbest\u00e7e dola\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1333 Adige kral&#305; Fersache&rsquo;nin Roma Katolik mezhebini Matrega kentinde yap&#305;lan bir merasimle kabul etmesi. Ancak, bu kabul Bizans Kilisesi&rsquo;nin egemenli&#287;ini sarsamam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Ferzache t&uuml;m resmi&nbsp; seremonilerde han&#305;m&#305; da yan&#305;nda kat&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; Dominik rahipleri yazmaktad&#305;r. Feryache Avrupa krall&#305;klar&#305;n&#305; ve Papal&#305;&#287;&#305; Do&#287;u&rsquo;dan gelecek olan Mo&#287;ol ve Tamelan tehlikesine kar&#351;&#305; uyarsa da kimse inanmaz. 1390 Mingrel Kral&#305; Daoban Wamek Cristav&rsquo;&#305;n 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