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<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Adige (\u00c7erkes) yer adlar\u0131,ya\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7 kategoriye (\u00f6be\u011fe) ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n ilki; en eski yer adlar\u0131, ikincisi; ilkini izleyen ve de\u011fi\u015fik uluslardan al\u0131n\u0131p dilimize yerle\u015fmi\u015f olan yer adlar\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc; Rus-Kafkas Sava\u015flar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, Adige k\u00f6ylerinin yerlerinden kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p \u015fimdiki yeni yerlerine yerle\u015ftirilmeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fmu\u015f olan yer adlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ad gruplar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, en \u00e7ok rastlan\u0131lanlar\u0131, en eski d\u00f6nemlerden kalma olan yer adlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu adlar da kendi d\u00f6nemleri ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak \u00fc\u00e7 alt \u00f6be\u011fe ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar. Birinci \u00f6bek; politeist<\/strong> (\u00e7ok tanr\u0131l\u0131, putperest) inan\u00e7 d\u00f6neminde Adigelerce verilmi\u015f olan yer adlar\u0131d\u0131r, ikinci \u00f6bek; \u00c7elehstan<\/strong> (\u0427\u044d\u043b\u044d\u0445\u044a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d: H\u0131ristiyan) dini d\u00f6neminden kalma yer adlar\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc; \u0130slam<\/strong> dinine ge\u00e7ildikten sonra verilmi\u015f olan yer adlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Adigeler ilkin putperest<\/strong> (Adigece:\u043c\u044d\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0441\u0438;puta tap\u0131c\u0131) idiler. Bu din iki de\u011fi\u015fik d\u00f6nemden ge\u00e7ti. \u0130lki, Eski Ta\u015f \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 <\/strong>ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan kalma yer adlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar puta tap\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 d\u00f6nemlerine aittirler. O zamanlar \u00f6l\u00fcler i\u00e7in Adigelerce \u0130sp v\u0131ne<\/strong> (\u0418\u0441\u043f \u0443\u043d\u044d) denilen evler (dolmenler) yap\u0131l\u0131yordu (Adigeler bu evlere sa\u011f ve \u00f6l\u00fc evleri de diyorlar). Bu d\u00f6nemin ard\u0131ndan, yaban hayvanlar\u0131, soy gruplar\u0131, avc\u0131l\u0131k ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k i\u015flerini y\u00f6neten de\u011fi\u015fik tanr\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu d\u00f6nem Bronz<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019<\/strong>na denk d\u00fc\u015fer ve bu d\u00f6nemde puta tap\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yayg\u0131nla\u015fmaya ve geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n \u00d6l\u00fc, beraberinde k\u00f6lesi, at bak\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, at\u0131, giysileri, silahlar\u0131, kap kacaklar\u0131 ve yiyecekleri ile birlikte g\u00f6m\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Sonunda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131\u011fma mezarlar <\/strong>(h\u00f6y\u00fck ya da kurganlar) ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oldular. Y\u0131\u011fma mezar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn zenginli\u011fi ya da \u00fcnl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile orant\u0131l\u0131 olurdu.<\/p>\n Bu t\u00fcrden \u00e7ok say\u0131da h\u00f6y\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz vard\u0131r. D\u00fcnyaca tan\u0131nan Ve\u015f’ade <\/strong>(\u041e\u0448\u044a\u0430\u0434\u044d) h\u00f6y\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de bunlardand\u0131r (Rus\u00e7a’ya da ba\u015fka dillerdeki ad\u0131 ile: “Maykopski kurgan<\/strong>” -Maykop Kurgan\u0131). Ve\u015f’ade<\/strong>, Maykop kentinin bat\u0131 kesiminde, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Kurganni ve Podgorni caddelerinin kesi\u015fti\u011fi yerde, 11 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finde bir h\u00f6y\u00fck idi. \u015eimdi bu Ve\u015f\u2019ade yerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ta\u015f an\u0131t dikilidir. Ve\u015fa\u2019de d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Koles\u0131j, \u00c7emdej, \u00c7\u2019en\u00e7\u2019epe<\/strong> (\u041a1\u044d\u043d\u043a1\u044d\u043f\u044d), Set, V\u0131lape<\/strong>, \u015e\u0131thale <\/strong>vb gibi ba\u015fka a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f h\u00f6y\u00fcklerimiz de vard\u0131r. O d\u00f6nemlerin Adigeleri Tha\u015fho<\/strong> (\u0422\u0445\u044c\u0430\u0448\u0445\u043e), Zek\u2019otha<\/strong> (\u0417\u0435\u043a1\u043e\u0442\u0445\u044c\u044d), Av\u015feg<\/strong> (\u0410\u0443\u0449\u044d\u0434\u0436) gibi g\u00f6k tanr\u0131lar\u0131 yan\u0131nda,hayvanc\u0131lar\u0131n koruyucu tanr\u0131s\u0131 Ah\u0131n <\/strong>(\u0410\u0445\u044b\u043d), di\u011fer tanr\u0131lardan Mez-Gua\u015f<\/strong> (Orman Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131), Ps\u0131ho-Gua\u015f<\/strong> (\u041f\u0441\u044b\u0445\u044a\u043e-\u0413\u0443a\u0449;Irmak Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131), Kodes<\/strong> (\u041a\u044a\u043e\u0434\u044d\u0441: Deniz Tanr\u0131s\u0131), Merem<\/strong> (\u041c\u0435\u0440\u044d\u043c: Ar\u0131c\u0131lar Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131), \u015e\u0131ble <\/strong>(Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Tanr\u0131s\u0131), Tlep\u015f<\/strong> (\u041b\u044a\u044d\u043f\u0448\u044a:Ate\u015f ve Demirciler Tanr\u0131s\u0131), Khetegua\u015f<\/strong> (\u0425\u044d\u0442\u044d\u0433\u0443\u0430\u0449: Bah\u00e7elerin Koruyucu Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131) gibi de\u011fi\u015fik tanr\u0131lara tap\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Politeizm<\/strong> (\u00e7oktanr\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k) d\u00f6nemi tanr\u0131lar\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili yer adlar\u0131 uzun bir s\u00fcre, Adigeler aras\u0131nda varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 korumu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu yer adlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze en belirgin bi\u00e7imde gelmi\u015f olanlar\u0131 \u00a0Tha\u00e7\u2019e\u011f<\/strong> (\u0422\u0445\u044c\u0430\u04471\u044d\u0433\u044a) ve \u00c7\u0131geyej<\/strong> (\u0427\u044a\u044b\u0433\u044d\u0435\u0436\u044a: Kadim Me\u015fe) gibi eski\u00a0 dua ya da ayin yeri vb. gibi\u00a0 olan yerlerin adlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Adigelerin eskiden mabet olarak kulland\u0131klar\u0131 tap\u0131naklar\u0131 (ibadethaneleri) yoktu. Tap\u0131nma yerleri orman i\u00e7lerindeki geni\u015f \u00e7ay\u0131rl\u0131klar, ulu me\u015fe a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ve karanl\u0131k orman k\u00f6\u015feleri idi. Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131k ya da k\u0131tl\u0131k belirdi\u011finde, o yerlere gidip ayin yapar, kurban keser, iskat (raz\u0131l\u0131k,sus pay\u0131) da\u011f\u0131t\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Politeist inan\u00e7lar Adigeler aras\u0131nda y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca diri kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bunu 17-18. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Adigeleri g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olan yabanc\u0131 gezginlerin yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan da \u00f6\u011frenebiliyoruz. Puta tap\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde, putperestlik ile birlikte H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k<\/strong> da yayg\u0131n bir dindi. Her iki inan\u0131\u015fa ili\u015fkin izler (kal\u0131nt\u0131lar) g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze eri\u015febilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylesine birka\u00e7 yer ad\u0131n\u0131 an\u0131msayal\u0131m. Daha yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz gibi Ah\u0131n hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k tanr\u0131s\u0131 idi. Ah\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn anlam\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zebilmi\u015f de\u011filiz. Ama Ah\u0131n\u2019\u0131n hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k tanr\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlayan \u00e7ok say\u0131da anlat\u0131 Adigeler aras\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan birini k\u0131saca sunal\u0131m.<\/p>\n Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Shapsughlar<\/strong>\u00a0 (\u0425\u044b1\u0443\u0448\u044a\u043e \u0428\u0430\u043f\u0441\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0440)\u00a0 aras\u0131nda \u0410\u0445\u044b\u043d\u044d \u0438\u0447\u044d\u043c \u043b\u044a\u0430\u0433\u044a\u0443 <\/strong>(Ah\u0131n\u2019\u0131n ine\u011finin yolu), \u0410\u0445\u044b\u043d\u044d \u0438\u0447\u044d\u043c \u043b\u044a\u044d\u0440\u044b\u043a1\u0443 <\/strong>(Ah\u0131n\u2019\u0131n haberci \u00a0ine\u011fi), \u0410\u0445\u044b\u043d\u044d \u0438\u043c\u044d\u0437 \u04471\u044d\u0433\u044a <\/strong>(Ah\u0131n \u00a0Orman\u0131) gibi \u00e7ok say\u0131da yer ad\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Anlat\u0131lan bir Ah\u0131n \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcne<\/strong> g\u00f6re, her y\u0131l ilkbahar mevsiminde Ah\u0131n, s\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7inden kurbanl\u0131k olarak se\u00e7ti\u011fi bir d\u00fcveyi belli ederdi. Bu beyaz bir d\u00fcve olurdu. Beyaz d\u00fcve, Ah\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ildi\u011fini farkl\u0131 bir b\u00f6\u011f\u00fcrme sesi ile belli ederdi. D\u00fcve s\u00fctle y\u0131kan\u0131p d\u0131\u015far\u0131 sal\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. D\u00fcve bir ba\u015f\u0131na, dereleri, s\u0131rtlar\u0131 ve derin vadileri a\u015f\u0131p Ah\u0131n\u2019\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tha\u00e7\u2019e\u011f mez<\/strong>\u2019e (Kutsal Orman’a) ula\u015fana de\u011fin izlenirdi. D\u00fcvenin \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerin de Ah\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilen kurban yeri oldu\u011funa inan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. D\u00fcve o yerde \u00a0g\u00f6revli \u00a0ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan kurban edilirdi. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir dini t\u00f6ren yap\u0131larak ayin tamamlan\u0131rd\u0131. Ekinlerin koruyucu tanr\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. \u015eimdiki Maykop (M\u0131yequape) kenti park\u0131ndan \u015ehagua\u015fe (Belaya) \u0131rma\u011f\u0131na do\u011fru bir bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n \u00f6te yakas\u0131nda s\u0131ralanan binalar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Buralar\u0131 elli y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine de\u011fin bo\u015f bir \u00e7imenlik aland\u0131, \u00fczerinde g\u00f6lge yapan birka\u00e7 da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k a\u011fa\u00e7 da vard\u0131. Maykop halk\u0131, yazlar\u0131 burada serinler, dinlenirdi. Buraya \u00e7ok eskilerden beri Tha\u011fel\u0131g\u2019\u0131n harman yeri <\/strong>ya da Tha\u011fel\u0131g\u2019\u0131n harman\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u00a0yeri<\/strong> denirdi. Bu yer ad\u0131, beraberinde ilgin\u00e7 bir \u00f6yk\u00fcy\u00fc de g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Bir zamanlar\u00a0 bu yerde \u00fc\u00e7 Nart karde\u015f ya\u015f\u0131yordu. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fc de \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkand\u0131, her y\u0131l kald\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcr\u00fcnle \u00fcnlenmi\u015flerdi. S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc edece\u011fimiz olay da o y\u0131lki \u00fcr\u00fcn kald\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (harman) s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n \u00c7ocuklar bi\u00e7tikleri bu\u011fday\u0131 bir araya toplay\u0131p y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar olu\u015fturmu\u015flar ve\u00a0 harman d\u00f6vmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Karde\u015fler k\u0131zg\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015f alt\u0131nda, saman tozu ve ter i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlarken anneleri \u00e7\u0131kageldi. \u00c7ocuklar k\u00fcreklerle (\u0445\u044c\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044d) \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc r\u00fczgara kar\u015f\u0131 savurup bu\u011fday\u0131 sap-samandan ay\u0131rmaktayd\u0131lar. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u015fi b\u0131rak\u0131p bu y\u0131lki \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc nas\u0131l buldu\u011funu annesine sordu. Anne y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlara \u015f\u00f6ylesine bir g\u00f6z att\u0131ktan sonra:<\/p>\n \u201cBu \u00fcr\u00fcn yetmez ama ne yapal\u0131m, \u015f\u00f6yle b\u00f6yle yapar, y\u0131l\u0131 atlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131z\u201d dedi. Annenin bu a\u00e7 g\u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve nank\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7ocu\u011fun tepesini att\u0131rd\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u201d\u00d6yleyse bu \u00fcr\u00fcne \u00a0de gerek yok, Tha<\/strong> (Tanr\u0131) onu \u015ehagua\u015fe<\/strong>\u2019nin \u00e7ak\u0131llar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u201d diyerek ba\u015flad\u0131 bu\u011fdaylar\u0131 k\u00fcre\u011fiyle \u0131rma\u011fa d\u00f6kmeye. Eskiden Tha, Nartlar\u0131n dileklerini yerine getirirdi. B\u00f6ylece bu\u011fday taneleri de \u00e7ak\u0131la d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f oldu. \u015ehagua\u015fe \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 yata\u011f\u0131ndaki kum ve \u00e7ak\u0131llar\u0131n suya at\u0131lan o bu\u011fdaylar oldu\u011fu anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Cace (Djadje) beldesinin ad\u0131n\u0131 duymayan bir Adigeyli herhalde yoktur. Belde, ad\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcn kenar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en Cace<\/strong> Deresi<\/strong>‘nden al\u0131r. Dere ba\u015fkent Maykop\u2019a fazla uzakta olmayan fundal\u0131k bir da\u011f y\u00f6resinden do\u011far, Novolabinski<\/strong> k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131n\u0131nda da Laba \u0131rma\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr. Cace ad\u0131n\u0131 duymu\u015f olanlar \u00e7oktur ama Cace\u2019nin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc duyanlar, san\u0131r\u0131z \u00e7ok de\u011fildir. Cace s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7ok eskilerden, Abhazlarla Adigelerin<\/strong> hen\u00fcz ayr\u0131\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131, tek halk olduklar\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemden gelir. O d\u00f6nemlerde puta tap\u0131c\u0131 (politeist) olan Adigeler Ekinlerin Koruyucu Tanr\u0131s\u0131’na Cace <\/strong>diyorlard\u0131. Bu tanr\u0131 ad\u0131, hala bir kal\u0131nt\u0131 ad olarak Abhazlar aras\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyor. \u00dcr\u00fcn kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bereketli \u00fcr\u00fcnler elde edilmesi i\u00e7in sofra ba\u015f\u0131ndaki en ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015fi Cace ad\u0131na\u00a0 dua ettirirdi. Daha sonra kadim halk ikiye ayr\u0131ld\u0131, Cace Abhazlarda kald\u0131, Adigeler aras\u0131nda ise, Cace\u2019nin yerini Tha\u011fel\u0131g<\/strong> ald\u0131.<\/p>\n AFIR<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu da Cace benzeri bir add\u0131r. Af\u0131r<\/strong> bir zamanlar Adigelerin \u015fim\u015fek ve g\u00f6k g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc tanr\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> idi. Tanr\u0131 ad\u0131 olarak Af\u0131r da Abhazlar<\/strong> aras\u0131nda halen varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Adigeler aras\u0131nda Af\u0131r\u2019\u0131n yerini \u015fim\u015fek tanr\u0131s\u0131 olan \u015e\u0131ble <\/strong>ald\u0131. \u015e\u0131ble\u2019den kaynaklanma \u00e7ok say\u0131da yer ad\u0131 Adigeler aras\u0131nda bulunur. \u015e\u0131bleteve kulag <\/strong>(\u0428\u044b\u0431\u043b\u044d\u0442\u0435\u043e \u043a\u044a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0436), \u015f\u0131bleneko, \u015f\u0131blaka<\/strong> (\u0448\u044b\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u044a\u044d), \u015f\u0131blevap\u2019e<\/strong>, \u015f\u0131blesk\u2019 <\/strong>(\u0448\u044b\u0431\u043b\u044d\u0441\u043a1) vb. Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m (\u015f\u0131ble), \u00e7arpma ve yang\u0131n gibi zararlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda insanlara bir\u00e7ok yararlar da sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n Irmaklar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne yatarak k\u00f6ylerin suyunu kesen, k\u00f6yleri susuz \u00a0ve insanlar\u0131 zor durumlara d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren ejderhalar\u0131<\/strong> (\u0431\u043b\u044d\u0433\u044a\u043e\u0436\u044a), \u015e\u0131ble\u2019nin g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri, \u00f6\u011fle vaktinde yere inip g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcler \u00e7\u0131kararak ve ba\u011f\u0131rtarak ejderhalar\u0131 g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve insanlara yard\u0131m etti\u011fine inan\u0131rlard\u0131. Bu durumlar\u0131 yans\u0131tan ejderha kald\u0131rma yeri <\/strong>(\u0431\u043b\u044d\u0433\u044a\u043e \u0445\u044d\u0445\u044b\u043f1), ejderha \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan yer<\/strong> (\u0431\u043b\u044d\u0433\u044a\u043e \u0445\u044d\u0449\u044b\u043f1) gibi da\u011f s\u0131rtlar\u0131ndaki yer adlar\u0131 az de\u011fildir. \u015ehagua\u015fe ad\u0131 da politeist d\u00f6nemden kalma\u00a0 adlardan biri say\u0131l\u0131r. \u015ehagua\u015fe\u2019nin bir \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc de var, \u00f6zetleyerek sunal\u0131m.<\/p>\n \u201cBir zamanlar\u201d, diyor \u00f6yk\u00fc, \u201d\u015ehagua\u015fe \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yukar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde bir bey<\/strong> (p\u015f\u0131) ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Beyin bir de evlilik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f g\u00fczeller g\u00fczeli bir k\u0131z\u0131 vard\u0131. Baba sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 yuva kurmu\u015f g\u00f6rmek istiyordu. Bunun i\u00e7in Adige topra\u011f\u0131ndaki gen\u00e7leri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131p yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131, birinci gelene de k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 vermeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc. Delikanl\u0131lar belirlenen g\u00fcnde yar\u0131\u015fma yerine geldiler. Herkes g\u00f6rebilsin diyerek k\u0131z\u0131 y\u00fcksek bir yere oturttular. Yar\u0131\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131. G\u00fcn boyunca deri kapma yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131, atl\u0131lar yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar, atlar\u0131 g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs g\u00f6\u011fse toku\u015fturdular, ok at\u0131\u015flar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131, vb. Ama onca zaman s\u00fcresince k\u0131z bir kez olsun ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131p olup bitene bakmad\u0131. Bey k\u0131z\u0131na sordurdu ama k\u0131z, bu gen\u00e7lerden hi\u00e7biri ile evlenmek istemedi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Delikanl\u0131lar da \u00e7aresiz, \u00fczg\u00fcn ve eli bo\u015f geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n Bir gece bey, k\u00f6peklerin fazla havlamas\u0131ndan huylan\u0131p bah\u00e7eye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Parlak bir ay \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131. Bir bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bey, vurulmu\u015fa d\u00f6nd\u00fc. K\u0131z\u0131 bah\u00e7e \u00e7itine dayanm\u0131\u015f biriyle konu\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Kim oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in biraz daha yana\u015ft\u0131, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gen\u00e7 kendi \u00e7oban\u0131yd\u0131. Bey \u00e7\u0131ld\u0131rm\u0131\u015fa d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Sordurdu. K\u0131z\u0131, \u00e7oban d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kimseyi istemedi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. \u00c7oban da k\u0131z\u0131 sevdi\u011fini itiraf etti. Bey bunu gururuna yediremedi, kendinden ge\u00e7ti ve her ikisinin de bir s\u0131\u011f\u0131r derisine sar\u0131l\u0131p \u0131rma\u011fa at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 emretti.<\/p>\n \u00d6yle de yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ama s\u0131\u011f\u0131r derisini diken k\u00f6le (\u0443\u043d\u044d1\u0443\u0442), gen\u00e7lere ac\u0131d\u0131 ve deri tulumun bir yerinden gizlice keskin bir b\u0131\u00e7ak uzatt\u0131. Tulum, i\u00e7indekilerle birlikte \u0131rma\u011fa at\u0131ld\u0131, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve co\u015fkulu akan \u0131rmak gen\u00e7leri uzunca bir s\u00fcre, uzaklara do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fckledi. Sonunda deri tulum bir a\u011fa\u00e7 k\u00f6k\u00fcne tak\u0131ld\u0131, tulumu b\u0131\u00e7akla yar\u0131p d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Yak\u0131nlardaki bir yamaca t\u0131rman\u0131p orada bir kul\u00fcbe kurdular. Delikanl\u0131 g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri avlan\u0131yor, bulduklar\u0131n\u0131 yiyip ayakta kalmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Derken g\u00fcnler g\u00fcnleri, aylar da aylar\u0131 kovalad\u0131. \u00c7evredeki geyikler zamanla kul\u00fcbeye al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Kad\u0131n ile geyikler aras\u0131nda bir yak\u0131nl\u0131k olu\u015ftu. Sonunda geyik s\u00fct\u00fc ile geyik etine de kavu\u015ftular; kad\u0131n giderek geyiklerin gua\u015fe\u2019<\/strong>si (\u0433\u0443\u0430\u0449\u044d: Krali\u00e7e) oldu. Irma\u011fa da \u015eha-gua\u015fe <\/strong>(\u0428\u044a\u0445\u044c\u044d-\u0433\u0443\u0430\u0449\u044d: Geyiklerin Krali\u00e7esi: \u0448\u044a\u044b\u0445\u044c\u044d: Geyik) denmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Bunun gibi gua\u015fe tak\u0131s\u0131 olan ve politeist d\u00f6nemden kalma \u00e7ok say\u0131da ad vard\u0131r. Ps\u0131ho-Gua\u015f<\/strong> (Irmaklar Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131), Mez-Gua\u015f<\/strong> (Ormanlar Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131), Khete-Gua\u015f<\/strong> (Bah\u00e7elerin Koruyucu Tanr\u0131s\u0131) gibi.<\/p>\n Politeist \u00a0d\u00f6nemden kalma yer adlar\u0131 binlerce y\u0131l s\u00fcresince varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 koruyabilmi\u015flerdir. Bu adlar zamana kar\u015f\u0131 direnerek, adeta zamanla inatla\u015farak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de\u011fin gelmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Puta tap\u0131c\u0131 ya da politeist dinini \u00c7elehstan <\/strong>(\u0427\u044d\u043b\u044d\u0445\u044a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d: H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k) dini izledi (Bu yeni dine \u00c7iristan<\/strong> da denir).<\/p>\n \u00c7elehstan dini \u00f6zellikle 5-6.y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Adigeler aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu dini Grekler<\/strong> (Rumlar) yaymaktayd\u0131lar. Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda 7-9. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda var olan ve bir Grek yerle\u015fimi olan Nikopsis <\/strong>kenti dinsel merkezdi. \u0130badet dili Grek\u00e7eydi. \u0130zleyen 10-11.y\u00fczy\u0131llarda \u00c7elehstan dini Adigeler aras\u0131nda iyice yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumdayd\u0131.<\/p>\n 18.y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00c7elehstan dini Adigeler aras\u0131nda \u00a0zay\u0131flamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k s\u00fcreci i\u00e7inde Grek<\/strong> (Rum), Bizans, G\u00fcrcistan<\/strong> ve Rusya<\/strong>\u2019ya \u00f6zg\u00fc \u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler Adigeler aras\u0131nda yay\u0131ld\u0131. Y\u00fczy\u0131llara uzanan bir tarihin miras\u0131n\u0131 getiren bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler, Adigelerin k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7inde, ku\u015fkusuz \u00a0kal\u0131c\u0131 izler de b\u0131rakt\u0131, sonunda Adigeler dindar bir toplulu\u011fa \u00a0d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f oldular. Bu kal\u0131nt\u0131 izler, \u00c7elehstan dininin uzun bir s\u00fcre boyunca, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye devam etti\u011fini de g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 19.y\u00fczy\u0131lda bile, her iki dini (\u00c7elehstan ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman) bir arada ya\u015fatmakta olan Adige topluluklar\u0131 vard\u0131. D\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerden \u00c7erkesya<\/strong>\u2019ya gelmi\u015f olan gezginler paskalya yortusunun<\/strong> Adigeler aras\u0131nda Ut\u2019\u0131j <\/strong>(1\u0443\u04421\u044b\u0436\u044a) ad\u0131yla kutland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131yorlar. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7eki\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc ha\u00e7lar<\/strong> yap\u0131p evlerinde bulunduranlar da vard\u0131. Y\u0131lda bir kez ev halk\u0131 ha\u00e7\u0131n \u00fczerine diktikleri mumlar\u0131 yakar, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na ge\u00e7ip dua ederdi. Mumlardan biri s\u00f6necek olursa, o mumu yakan\u0131n o \u00a0y\u0131l\u0131n sonuna de\u011fin \u00f6lece\u011fine inan\u0131rlard\u0131. Veba ya da ba\u015fka bir salg\u0131n hastal\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda da bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kendi b\u00f6lgelerinden uzak tutmak i\u00e7in, b\u00f6lgelerini ha\u00e7larla \u00e7evirerek koruma alt\u0131na almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131. Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda, Shapsughya\u2019da Tha\u011fap\u015f<\/strong> (\u0422\u0445\u044c\u0430\u0433\u044a\u0430\u043f\u0448\u044a)\u00a0 k\u00f6y\u00fcnde M\u0131j\u00fcaka<\/strong> (\u041c\u044b\u0436\u044a\u0443\u0430\u043a\u044a\u044d) denilen bir yer vard\u0131r. Buradaki ta\u015f puta tap\u0131c\u0131 d\u00f6nemin en eski kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131ndan biridir. Ama ilgin\u00e7 olan \u015fey, M\u0131j\u00fcaka <\/strong> (Ta\u015f Mezar) \u00fczerine ha\u00e7lar dikip ayinler yapmakta olmalar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n Adigeler ayr\u0131ca tanr\u0131sal \u00f6z ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131lan ve puta tap\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 simgeleyen kutsal a\u011fa\u00e7lara<\/strong> da ha\u00e7lar dayayarak tanr\u0131ya dua ediyorlard\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler 19.y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131na de\u011fin Adigeler aras\u0131nda \u00c7elehstan dinine ait izlerin hala bulundu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n \u015eimdi \u00c7elehstan dininden kalma olup yerbiliminde (toponomi) yer alan\u00a0 yer adlar\u0131ndan k\u0131saca s\u00f6z edelim.<\/p>\n Adige yer adlar\u0131n\u0131 derleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok kez K\u0131y\u0131boyu Shapsughya <\/strong>k\u00f6ylerini dola\u015ft\u0131m. O arada Tuapse<\/strong> kenti yak\u0131n\u0131nda bir Shapsugh k\u00f6y\u00fc olan Tsveps <\/strong>(\u04261\u044d\u043f\u0441) k\u00f6y\u00fcnde de kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m.Burada \u041a\u044a\u043e\u0445\u044a\u0443\u0442\u0445<\/strong> (Kohuth) denen y\u00fcksek bir s\u0131rt uzan\u0131r.Anlam\u0131 belli:domuz beslenen bir da\u011f s\u0131rt\u0131. \u00c7elehstan dini d\u00f6neminde Adigelerin domuz s\u00fcr\u00fcleri vard\u0131. K\u00f6ydeki ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131n ve erkeklerin buna ili\u015fkin ilgin\u00e7 anlat\u0131lar\u0131 var.<\/p>\n Bu anlat\u0131lardan birine g\u00f6re, \u00e7ok eski bir d\u00f6nemde, bu da\u011f s\u0131rt\u0131 \u00fczerinde iki k\u00f6y varm\u0131\u015f. Varl\u0131kl\u0131 ve s\u00fcr\u00fc sahibi k\u00f6yler imi\u015fler bunlar. En \u00e7ok da domuz besliyorlarm\u0131\u015f. Ama bir s\u00fcre sonra k\u00f6ylerindeki domuz say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fler ve tela\u015flanm\u0131\u015flar. Hemen k\u00f6y meclisini (\u0445\u0430\u0441\u044d) toplay\u0131p konuyu ele alm\u0131\u015flar. Uzun bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmadan sonra konu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Gen\u00e7ler ba\u015fl\u0131k bedelini (\u0443\u0430\u0441\u044d) k\u00f6y\u00fcn domuzlar\u0131ndan \u00f6d\u00fcyorlarm\u0131\u015f. Azalman\u0131n nedeni buymu\u015f. Sonunda k\u00f6y meclisi\u00a0 k\u00f6y gen\u00e7lerinin k\u00f6y i\u00e7inden evlenmeleri karar\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f. B\u00f6ylece ba\u015fl\u0131k bedeli olarak \u00a0ba\u015fka k\u00f6ylere \u00a0domuz verilmesi durumu azalm\u0131\u015f ve domuz say\u0131s\u0131 yeniden artmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. O d\u00f6nemlerden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kalan deyi\u015flerden biri de \u015f\u00f6yle: \u201dYa\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u00fcrece domuz yiyelim, \u00f6l\u00fcnce de\u00a0 domuzla g\u00f6m\u00fclelim\u201d<\/strong>. Bu s\u00f6zlerin do\u011frulu\u011fu, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz arkeologlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kaz\u0131lan mezarlardan domuz kemikleri \u00e7\u0131kmakta olmas\u0131yla da kan\u0131tlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Aguy <\/strong>k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki bir da\u011f s\u0131rt\u0131na da \u041a\u044a\u043e\u0442\u0445 <\/strong>(Domuz S\u0131rt\u0131) deniyor. Tha\u011fap\u015f <\/strong> \u00a0(\u0422\u0445\u044c\u0430\u0433\u044a\u0430\u043f\u0448\u044a) k\u00f6y\u00fcnde \u00a0\u041b\u044d\u0443 \u0434\u0436\u044d\u0433\u0443\u043f1\u044d \u043a\u044a\u0443\u0448\u044a\u0445\u044c <\/strong>(Domuzun kayna\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 da\u011f) denilen bir yer var. Adigeler eskiden domuza lev <\/strong>(\u043b\u044d\u0443) diyorlard\u0131. Lev\u015f\u0131r<\/strong> (\u043b\u044d\u0443\u0449\u044b\u0440), yani domuz yavrusu (\u043a\u044a\u043e\u0449\u044b\u0440) denmesi de o d\u00f6nemden kalmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n K\u0131y\u0131boyu Shapsughya k\u00f6ylerinde cor <\/strong>(\u0434\u0436\u043e\u0440: ha\u00e7) \u00fczerine de\u011fi\u015fik anlat\u0131lar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Cor G\u00fcrc\u00fcce<\/strong> \u0434\u0436\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438<\/strong>\u2019den (cvari) geliyor. Bu s\u00f6zc\u00fck dilimize cor bi\u00e7iminde yerle\u015fti. \u00c7elehstan dininin Adige \u00fclkesinde yay\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde, yukar\u0131da da de\u011finildi\u011fi gibi, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n da etkisi olmu\u015ftur. Cor s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00a0bu yolla dilimize girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Cor, ha\u00e7<\/strong> demektir. Asl\u0131nda cor (djor) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Grek\u00e7e’<\/strong>den G\u00fcrc\u00fcce’ye, oradan da bize ge\u00e7ti. Ka\u015f <\/strong>(\u043a\u0430\u0449: Ha\u00e7) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ise Ermenice<\/strong> k\u00f6kenli say\u0131l\u0131yor. Ka\u015f s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Wub\u0131h\u00e7a<\/strong> (\u0423\u0431\u044b\u0445\u044b\u0431\u0437\u044d) ve Kumuk\u00e7a’<\/strong>da da kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu s\u00f6zc\u00fck T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’den Ermenice’ye, oradan da Kafkas dillerine ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n Bu arada ilgin\u00e7 olan \u015fey ise gerisinde bir\u00e7ok yer ad\u0131 b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f olan cor<\/strong> (djor) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ha\u00e7<\/strong> (ka\u015f) kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak art\u0131k bizim dilimizde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Cor s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ka\u015f s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak Kabardey, Abaza<\/strong> (Abazin) ve Abhaz <\/strong>dillerinde hala kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 dilde ka\u015f (ha\u00e7) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmuyor ve kullan\u0131lm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n \u015eimdi cor s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden gelme birka\u00e7 yer ad\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyelim. Burada \u201ccor<\/strong>\u201dun (ha\u00e7\u0131n) kutsanan bir varl\u0131k oldu\u011funu da belirtmemiz gerekiyor. O zamanlar \u201ccor\u201dun gizil bir g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn oldu\u011fu inanc\u0131 vard\u0131. Adigeler aras\u0131nda cor kaynakl\u0131 bir dans da bulunuyordu. Dansl\u0131 e\u011flenceler ilkbahar mevsiminde ekinler ba\u015fa\u011fa sard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenirdi. Ucuna ha\u00e7 bi\u00e7imi verilmi\u015f uzun bir sopaya kuru ot demetleri ba\u011flan\u0131r, otlar tutu\u015fturulurdu. Bu t\u00fcr me\u015faleleri ta\u015f\u0131yan insanlar, k\u0131zl\u0131 erkekli gruplar halinde, geceleri g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131yana de\u011fin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 dans eder, e\u011flenirlerdi. Oyunlara ak\u015fam ba\u015flan\u0131rd\u0131. \u201d\u0414\u0436\u043e\u0440, \u0434\u0436\u043e\u0440, \u0433\u044a\u044d\u0431\u044d\u0436\u044a\u0443\u0448\u0445\u043e \u043a\u044a\u044b\u0442\u044d\u0442 \u201c<\/strong> (Cor, cor, bize bereket, bize bol \u00fcr\u00fcn ver) diye \u015fark\u0131lar s\u00f6yler, sabahlara de\u011fin e\u011flenirlerdi.<\/p>\n \u00c7elehstan dininden bug\u00fcne buna benzer yer adlar\u0131 kald\u0131. Ancak bu adlar hen\u00fcz yeterince derlenmi\u015f de\u011fildir. Bunlar\u0131n yeterince derlenmeleri ve incelenmeleri gerekir.<\/p>\n Puta tap\u0131c\u0131 ve \u00c7elehstan dinlerine oranla \u0130slam<\/strong> dininden (\u0411\u044b\u0441\u043b\u044a\u044b\u043c\u044d\u043d \u0434\u0438\u043d) kalma yer adlar\u0131 fazla de\u011fildir. Bunun ana nedeni, \u0130slam dininin, Adigeler aras\u0131nda, \u00f6b\u00fcr dinler gibi y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131 bulan, uzay\u0131p giden bir tarihsel ge\u00e7mi\u015finin olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu arada Adigelerin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7i\u015f tarihi de yeterince ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir. Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Adigeler aras\u0131nda 14. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u00a0 sonlar\u0131nda yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131yorlar, baz\u0131lar\u0131 da bu tarihi 13-14. y\u00fczy\u0131llara g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar. \u00c7o\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 ise M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Adigelerce 17.y\u00fczy\u0131lda benimsedi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ancak 18. y\u00fczy\u0131la de\u011fin \u0130slam dini, daha \u00e7ok \u00f6nde gelen (soylu ve varl\u0131kl\u0131) aileler aras\u0131nda benimsenmi\u015f durumdayd\u0131. Bilim adamlar\u0131 \u0130slam dininin 19.y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda Adige \u00fclkesinde ba\u015fat (egemen) din konumuna ge\u00e7ti\u011fi noktas\u0131nda birle\u015fmektedirler. \u0130slam dini b\u00f6ylesine bir tarihsel yol izlemi\u015ftir. \u0130slam dininin \u00e7ok zor ve uzun bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonunda benimsenmi\u015f olmas\u0131, H\u0131ristiyan dininin direni\u015finin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ge\u00e7ti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu arada bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm Adige, uzun s\u00fcreler boyunca politeist (\u00e7oktanr\u0131c\u0131) inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekteydi. \u0130slam dininin y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 bulan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde Adige \u00fclkesinde bask\u0131n din konumuna ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Ama M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, yine de \u00a0b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle benimsenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu da \u00a0s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n 1917 Ekim Devrimi’nden sonra dinsel faaliyetlere bir son verilmi\u015f, 75 y\u0131l boyunca \u0130slam dini bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f durumdayd\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden dinsel kaynakl\u0131 yer adlar\u0131n\u0131n kayba u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ku\u015fkusuzdur. Yine de \u0130slam ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 yer adlar\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131r. Bunlardan biri de Kamennomostski <\/strong>beldesi yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki \u0410\u043c\u0438\u043d\u044d \u0438\u0445\u044c\u044b\u043a\u0443\u043c \u04481\u044b\u043f1<\/strong>\u2019dir. (Naib Muhammed Emin\u2019in h\u00fck\u00fcm yeri.) Naib infazlar\u0131, eskiden \u015ehagua\u015fe \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde bulunan ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc<\/strong>de yapt\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc art\u0131k yok. K\u00f6pr\u00fc yerinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131s\u0131 dik, dar ve derin bir yar, bir u\u00e7urumdur, i\u00e7inden delicesine ve kenarlar\u0131na k\u00f6p\u00fckler sa\u00e7arak h\u0131zl\u0131, sert ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde \u015ehagua\u015fe \u0131rma\u011f\u0131<\/strong> akar. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya, suya bakan ki\u015finin ba\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6ner. Anlat\u0131lara g\u00f6re \u015eamil<\/strong>\u2019in Adigeler aras\u0131na yollad\u0131\u011f\u0131 naibi Muhammed Emin, <\/strong>\u0130slam dinini benimsemeyenlere h\u00fck\u00fcm\u00a0 uyguluyor, yani ceza veriyor, tutuklat\u0131yor ve k\u00f6pr\u00fcden suya att\u0131rabiliyormu\u015f. Naib\u2019in \u015feriata kar\u015f\u0131 gelenler i\u00e7in b\u00f6ylesine sert ceza ve yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u041c\u044d\u0434\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0441 1\u0443\u0430\u0448\u044a\u0445\u044c <\/strong>(Meclis Tepesi)<\/p>\n \u041c\u044d\u0434\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0441 1\u0443\u0430\u0448\u044a\u0445\u044c <\/strong>(Meclis Tepesi) adl\u0131 bir yer \u00a0Ve\u00e7ep\u015f\u0131ya\u00e7\u2019e<\/strong> k\u00f6y\u00fc (\u041e\u0447\u044d\u043f\u0449\u044b\u044f\u043a1\u044d) yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda vard\u0131r. Meclis s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’den dilimize ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. S\u00f6zc\u00fck \u0445\u044d\u0441\u0430\u043f1\u044d <\/strong> (parlamento), \u0437\u044d1\u0443\u043a1\u0430\u043f1\u044d <\/strong>(toplant\u0131 yeri)\u00a0 anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Anlat\u0131lara g\u00f6re, s\u00f6z konusu k\u00f6y\u00fcn sorunlar\u0131 bu yerde (tepede) toplan\u0131l\u0131p g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme sonucu herkesin t\u00fcm \u00f6zlemlerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu nedenle bu tepeye u\u011furlu tepe de derlerdi. Buras\u0131 Krasnodar Baraj\u0131 sular\u0131 alt\u0131nda kalan \u015eebenehable <\/strong>k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131n\u0131nda bir yerdi. Kadun s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’den al\u0131nma kad\u0131<\/strong> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden gelmektedir ve yarg\u0131\u00e7 <\/strong> anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Burada \u0130slami kurallara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kanlar yarg\u0131lan\u0131r,cezalar verilir ve gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrse o ki\u015fi idam edilirdi. Buras\u0131 K\u0131y\u0131boyu Shapsughya\u2019da Ps\u0131be<\/strong> \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131nda olan bir derenin (ps\u0131qi\u00e7) vadisidir. Vadi \u00e7ay\u0131r, \u00e7imen ve meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ile kapl\u0131 bir bah\u00e7e g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndeydi. Bir bolluk ve g\u00fczellik k\u00f6\u015fesi oldu\u011fundan bu yere\u00a0 Cennet Vadisi<\/strong> ad\u0131 verilmi\u015fti. Ps\u0131be<\/strong> k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131n\u0131nda da \u0414\u0436\u044d\u043d\u044d\u0442\u044b\u043a1\u044d <\/strong> (Yeni Cennet) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ba\u015fka bir yer \u00a0daha vard\u0131r. Buras\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7ay\u0131rl\u0131k oldu\u011fu ve \u00a0eskiden ot bi\u00e7ildi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenir. Bu yol \u015fimdiki Kun\u00e7\u0131kohable <\/strong>k\u00f6y\u00fc trakt\u00f6r istasyonu boyunca uzan\u0131p gidiyordu. Rus-Kafkas Sava\u015f\u0131 sonucu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6nderilen Adigelerin \u00a0o yolu izleyerek gittikleri\u00a0 anlat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n \u041c\u044d\u0449\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0436\u044a\u044b\u0440<\/strong>\u00a0 (Eski Cami)<\/p>\n Kazanokoya\u00e7\u2019e<\/strong> k\u00f6y\u00fcne (\u041a\u044a\u044d\u0437\u044d\u043d\u044d\u043a\u044a\u043e\u044f\u043a1\u044d) uzak olmayan bir yerde, Psekups<\/strong> (\u041f\u0441\u044d\u043a\u044a\u0443\u043f\u0441) \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015f noktalar\u0131ndan birinin \u00a0yak\u0131n\u0131nda bulunuyordu. \u015eimdi oras\u0131 da\u00a0 Krasnodar Baraj\u0131 sular\u0131 alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anlat\u0131lara g\u00f6re s\u00f6ylenen yerde eskiden \u00a0bir cami varm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n \u0130slamiyet d\u00f6neminde k\u00f6t\u00fc varl\u0131klar\u0131n adlar\u0131, de\u011fi\u015fik yerlere de ad olarak verilebiliyordu. K\u00f6t\u00fcler i\u00e7inde, en \u00e7ok cin, \u015feytan<\/strong> ve iblis<\/strong> gibi adlar kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Toponomide (yer biliminde) bu t\u00fcrden \u00e7ok say\u0131da yer \u00a0ad\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0414\u0436\u044b\u043d\u044d \u043a\u044a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0436<\/strong> (Cinli Vadi,Cin Deresi)<\/p>\n \u015eahe<\/strong> \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 (\u0428\u044d\u0445) sa\u011f\u0131nda bulunan bir derenin (ps\u0131qi\u00e7) ad\u0131, \u0414\u0436\u044b\u043d\u044d \u0443\u0434\u0436\u044b\u043f1<\/strong> (Cinlerin dans etti\u011fi yer)- Af\u0131ps\u0131pe<\/strong> k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bir yer vb gibi yer adlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunun gibi \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438\u0447\u044a\u044b\u0433\u044b\u0436\u044a <\/strong>(\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n kadim a\u011fac\u0131), \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0438\u043f\u0441\u044b\u043d <\/strong>(\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n kuyusu), \u04221\u0430\u0445\u044c\u0438\u0440\u044d \u0445\u044c\u0430\u0434\u0436\u044d \u0438\u043a\u044a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0436 <\/strong>(Hac\u0131 Tahir\u2019in vadisi), X\u044c\u0430\u0434\u0436\u044d \u0433\u044a\u043e\u0433\u0443 <\/strong>(Hac Yolu), \u0425\u044c\u0430\u0434\u0436\u044d 1\u0430\u043f\u0447\u044a\u044d \u04471\u044d\u043a1\u044b\u0433\u044a\u0443 <\/strong>(Hac orman\u0131 yolunun \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yeri), \u0425\u044c\u0430\u0434\u0436\u044d \u0445\u044d\u043a\u0443\u0436\u044a <\/strong>(Eski hac\u0131 diyar\u0131) vb. adlar da \u00e7oktur.<\/p>\n Adige ulusunun de\u011fi\u015fik dinlere inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerden kalma \u00e7ok say\u0131da yer ad\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu adlar ulusumuz ve gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f\u00a0 dedelerimizin ya\u015famlar\u0131na ait olan bu bilgileri, bu adlar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenerek, daha fazla ayd\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f oluyoruz; b\u00f6ylece ileride de tarihimizi, halkbilimimizi ve dilimizi \u00a0derinlemesine incelemek isteyecek bilim insanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok de\u011ferli belgeler b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f oluyoruz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Adige (Çerkes) yer adları,yaşlarına göre üç kategoriye (öbeğe) ayrılır. Bunların ilki; en eski yer adları, ikincisi; ilkini izleyen ve değişik uluslardan alınıp dilimize yerleşmiş olan yer adları, üçüncüsü; Rus-Kafkas Savaşları sonrasında, Adige köylerinin yerlerinden kaldırılıp şimdiki yeni yerlerine yerleştirilmeleri sırasında oluşmuş olan yer adlarıdır. Bu ad grupları içinde, en çok rastlanılanları, en eski dönemlerden kalma 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\n AHIN <\/strong>(Ax\u044b\u043d)<\/p>\n
\n THA\u011eELIG <\/strong>(\u0422\u0445\u044c\u044d\u0433\u044a\u044d\u043b\u044b\u0434\u0436)<\/p>\n
\n CACE<\/strong> (Gage ya da \u201c\u0414\u0436\u0430\u0434\u0436\u044d\u201d)<\/p>\n
\n \u015eHAGUA\u015eE <\/strong>(\u0428\u044a\u0445\u044c\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0430\u0449\u044d)<\/p>\n
\n \u0414\u0436\u043e\u0440\u044d \u0447\u044a\u044b\u0433 <\/strong>(Cor a\u011fac\u0131)
\n
\nT\u2019u <\/strong>\u0131rma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n (\u04221\u0443) kaynak b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde bulunuyor. Bu a\u011fa\u00e7 o adla tan\u0131nan\u00a0 bir ayin (dua) yerindedir. Bir Shapsugh k\u00f6y\u00fc olan Aguy<\/strong> yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki da\u011f s\u0131rtlar\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne \u0414\u0436\u043e\u0440\u044d\u043a\u044a\u043e\u0442\u0445 <\/strong>(Coreko \u00a0s\u0131rt\u0131) deniliyor. \u0414\u0436\u043e\u0440\u044d\u043a\u044a\u043e\u043f\u0441 <\/strong>(Coreko suyu), buras\u0131 da Aguy \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011f yukar\u0131s\u0131ndaki derenin (\u043f\u0441\u044b\u043a\u044a\u043e\u0447\u044a) ad\u0131d\u0131r. Derenin geni\u015f tabanl\u0131 vadisinde, eskiden ulu me\u015fe a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131. Her bir a\u011fac\u0131n g\u00f6vdesine a\u011fa\u00e7tan yap\u0131lma kocaman ha\u00e7lar dayal\u0131yd\u0131. Buralar\u0131 bilinen dua yerleri idiler. Coreko vadisinde tek tek ki\u015filer, aileler, ayn\u0131 s\u00fclaleden (\u043b1\u0430\u043a\u044a\u043e) insanlar ya da t\u00fcm k\u00f6y halk\u0131 toplan\u0131p dua ederdi. Ayr\u0131ca \u0414\u0436\u043e\u0440\u044d \u0442\u0445\u044c\u0430\u043b\u044a\u044d1\u0443\u043f1 <\/strong>(Cor dua yeri) denilen yerle de kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yoruz. Yine \u0414\u0436\u043e\u0440\u044d \u043c\u044d\u0437<\/strong> \u00a0(Cor Orman\u0131) denen bir yer daha var. Yani Cor (ha\u00e7) ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan yer adlar\u0131m\u0131z hi\u00e7 de az de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
\n \u041a\u044a\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043d<\/strong> (Kadun)<\/p>\n
\n \u0414\u0436\u044d\u043d\u044d\u0442 \u043a\u044a\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0436<\/strong> (Cennet Vadisi)<\/p>\n
\n \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043e\u043b \u043a1\u043e\u0436\u044c \u0433\u044a\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u00a0<\/strong>ya da \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0443\u043b \u0438\u043a1\u044b\u0436\u044c \u0433\u044a\u043e\u0433\u0443 <\/strong> (\u0130stanbul\u2019a giden yol)<\/p>\n