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1915 insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in utan\u00e7t\u0131 ama 1915\u2019te ba\u015flamad\u0131; 1839-1915 d\u00f6nemi bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak incelenmeli.<\/p>\n Temmuz 1897\u2019de \u00e7ekilen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki foto\u011frafta, bir Ta\u015fnak \u00e7etesi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmi\u015f. (Kaynak: Ta\u015fnaklar\u0131n tarihini anlatan, Hratch Dasnabedian imzal\u0131 \u2018Dashnaksutiun, 1890-1924\u2019 adl\u0131 kitap.) Armenian Weekly gazetesinin 2007 tarihli \u2018Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6zel eki\u2019nin kapa\u011f\u0131nda, (solda) Hrant Dink\u2019in katili Og\u00fcn Samast\u2019\u0131n cinayetten sonra polis sorgusunda s\u00f6ylediklerinden al\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Armenian Weekly\u2019nin Nisan 2008 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131 (sa\u011fda).<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkler 1915\u2019te neler olup bitti\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmeli ve ger\u00e7ekleri kabul etmeli. Ermeniler de, 1915\u2019e giden s\u00fcre\u00e7ten ka\u00e7may\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p, 1850 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem hakk\u0131nda daha fazla \u015fey \u00f6\u011frenmeli.<\/p>\n Ha\u00e7ik Muradyan: 1915\u2019e giden s\u00fcre\u00e7 hakk\u0131nda konu\u015fal\u0131m m\u0131?<\/b> 1850\u2019lerin ortas\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00c7erkesler \u015eeyh \u015eamil\u2019in yenilgisi \u00fczerine H\u0131ristiyan Rusya\u2019dan s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131lar, perperi\u015fan. Onlar i\u00e7in kar\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 doyurman\u0131n en kolay yolu, bir \u015feylere sahip olan ve korunmayan insanlar\u0131 ya\u011fmalamakt\u0131. Bunlar da Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun (ayn\u0131 zamanda H\u0131ristiyan olan) Ermenileriydi.<\/p>\n Neredeyse ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde K\u00fcrtler de ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. K\u00fcrt beyleri Tanzimat\u2019\u0131n merkezile\u015ftirici politikalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 1806\u2019da isyan ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f ve bu isyanlar\u0131 1843\u2019te yenilgiyle sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u00e7lerinden en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Bedirhan Bey Girit\u2019e s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu durumda K\u00fcrtler a\u015firet hiyerar\u015filerini yitirdiler ve bunun sonucu olarak as\u0131rlard\u0131r yapmakta olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek yerine alt\u0131n yumurtlayan tavu\u011fu kesmeye giri\u015ftiler. Oysa y\u0131lda bir kez alt\u0131n yumurta topluyorlard\u0131. Yani, bir dizi nedenden dolay\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan daha zengin fakat daha zay\u0131f olan Ermenilerden y\u0131ll\u0131k \u2018koruma paras\u0131\u2019 al\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n G\u00f6\u00e7le gelmi\u015f \u00c7erkeslerin ve ayr\u0131ca K\u00fcrtlerin bu bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki Ermeniler dertlerini sonunda \u0130stanbul\u2019a, yani Ermeni patrikhanesine, Amira\u2019ya (Bab-\u0131 \u00c2li\u2019yle aralar\u0131 son derece iyi olan Ermeni burjuvazisi ve soylular\u0131) ve Sultan\u2019a yans\u0131tt\u0131lar. Hi\u00e7biri umursamad\u0131. Patriklik ancak Sivasl\u0131 Hrimyan Patrik olduktan sonra Ermenilerin \u015fikayetlerine kulak verecekti (ve i\u015fte bu y\u00fczden Ermeni meselesi ayn\u0131 zamanda bir s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcyd\u00fc). Sultan \u015fikayetlere kulak verebilirdi, fakat onun durumu Patrik\u2019ten bile zordu. Dinda\u015f\u0131 olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 gayrim\u00fcslimleri korudu\u011fu izlenimi veremezdi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar zaten Tanzimat\u2019\u0131n e\u015fitlik\u00e7i s\u00f6yleminden son derece rahats\u0131z durumda idiler. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7ler b\u00fcy\u00fck memnuniyetle Do\u011fu Anadolu Ermenilerinin \u015fikayetlerini kullan\u0131p imparatorlu\u011fun i\u00e7 i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Me\u015fhur \u2018\u015eark Meselesi\u2019 art\u0131k \u2018Ermeni Meselesi\u2019yle \u00f6zde\u015f olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Ermeniler Lozan\u2019da unutuldu<\/p>\n <\/b>Bu karma\u015fa i\u00e7inde, zaten milliyet\u00e7ilikle ve St. Petersburg, Paris, Cenevre gibi merkezlerde \u00f6\u011frendikleri narodnik\/anar\u015fist\/sosyalist ideolojilerle sarma\u015f dola\u015f olmu\u015f vaziyetteki Ermeni k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva gen\u00e7li\u011fi, Ermenilerin ya\u015famaya devam edebilmesi i\u00e7in tek \u00e7arenin devrimci partiler ve \u00e7eteler kurmak oldu\u011funa h\u00fckmettiler. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman k\u00f6ylerine bask\u0131nlara ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu Do\u011fu Anadolu M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve Sultan\u2019\u0131 daha da k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131. Bu durumda Ermeni devrimciler, isteyerek veya istemeyerek, \u0130stanbul\u2019daki y\u00f6netime \u2018Bulgaristan Modeli\u2019ni hat\u0131rlat\u0131yorlard\u0131; yani B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00fc\u00e7lerin dikkatini \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7\u0131kartmak ve onlar\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesi sonucu \u00f6nce \u00f6zerklik, sonra da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k kazanmak.<\/p>\n Bu y\u00fczden, t\u0131pk\u0131 bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in birden fazla zombi olmas\u0131 gibi, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu i\u00e7in de o zamanlar birden fazla heyula vard\u0131: Do\u011fudaki Ruslar ve bat\u0131daki B\u00fcy\u00fck Devletler. Osmanl\u0131 \u201cMoskof\u201du hem a\u015fa\u011f\u0131l\u0131yordu hem de ondan korkuyordu. B\u00fcy\u00fck Devletler ise er-ge\u00e7 da\u011f\u0131lmaya yazg\u0131l\u0131 bir imparatorluktan aslan pay\u0131 kapmak i\u00e7in bekle\u015fiyordu. Ekonomik sorunlar\u0131 saym\u0131yorum bile.<\/p>\n Bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda, bir dengeler ustas\u0131 olan Abd\u00fclhamit 1890\u2019da Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kurarak bir ta\u015fla d\u00f6rt ku\u015f vuracak bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc: Ermeni ayaklanmalar\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rmak; Tanzimat y\u00fcz\u00fcnden yabanc\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 memnun etmek; K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 beslemek (sadece S\u00fcnni ve b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u015firetler al\u0131n\u0131yordu); ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Devletleri herhangi bir m\u00fcdahale bahanesinden mahrum b\u0131rakmak.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fte, Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019daki Ermenilerin ger\u00e7ek felaketi o zaman ba\u015flad\u0131. O g\u00fcne kadar katliamlar seyrek ve yerel nitelikliydi. Ayr\u0131ca, asimetrik olsa da, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131yd\u0131. Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 i\u015fe koyulunca katliam kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n Devlet, kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 bir kalk\u0131\u015fma oldu\u011fu zaman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Fakat Osmanl\u0131 devleti gayrim\u00fcslimler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda daha sert davrand\u0131 – \u00f6zellikle de gayrim\u00fcslimlerin yabanc\u0131 H\u0131ristiyan devletlerin \u2018ma\u015fas\u0131\u2019 oldu\u011funa kanaat getirmi\u015fse. Size hat\u0131rlatmal\u0131y\u0131m ki, Bat\u0131l\u0131 Devletler \u015eark Meselesi\u2019ni kulland\u0131lar ve ard\u0131ndan Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda Ermenileri tamamen unuttular.<\/p>\n \u0130ttihat ve Terakki i\u015fin i\u00e7ine girip bu korkulara kendi T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc ve hatta Turanc\u0131 ideolojisini ekledi\u011finde her \u015fey daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcye gitti. Ermenileri yok etmek y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir\u00e7ok unsur bir arada \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda da \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 subaylar\u0131n i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckleri panik geliyordu. \u00d6zellikle 1912\u2019deki Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonucu olarak imparatorluk Anadolu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar \u201c\u015eimdi de Ermeniler buray\u0131 Ruslara sat\u0131yor\u201d tahlilini yap\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n \u00d6zetlemek gerekirse: 1915 insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in bir utan\u00e7 idi. Fakat 1915\u2019te ba\u015flamad\u0131. 1839-1915 d\u00f6nemi bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak incelenmeli. T\u00fcrkler 1915\u2019ten, Ermeniler ise o tarihe giden s\u00fcre\u00e7ten ka\u00e7\u0131yor. Hi\u00e7birinden ka\u00e7\u0131lmamal\u0131.<\/p>\n Ha\u00e7ik Muradyan: On y\u0131llard\u0131r b\u00fct\u00fcn zorluklara ra\u011fmen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki insan haklar\u0131 ve demokrasi m\u00fccadelesinin \u00f6n saflar\u0131nda yer al\u0131yorsunuz. Bu yolda y\u00fcr\u00fcmenizi sa\u011flayan g\u00fc\u00e7 nedir?<\/p>\n Bask\u0131n Oran: <\/b>Vicdan\u0131m, elbette. Milliyet\u00e7ilik ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar hakk\u0131ndaki uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m ayr\u0131ca.<\/p>\n Fakat bu, anam\u0131n karn\u0131ndan b\u00f6yle \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m anlam\u0131na gelmiyor. Tam tersine. M\u00fclkiye\u2019de okurken solcu olsam da, 80\u2019lere kadar T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi alt\u0131ndayd\u0131m (Sakall\u0131 Celal!). Galiba 1982\u2019deydi, Bat\u0131 Trakya\u2019daki T\u00fcrkler \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. Bu az\u0131nl\u0131k Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 45. maddesi uyar\u0131nca koruma alt\u0131ndayd\u0131; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki gayrim\u00fcslimlere verilen haklar (37. ila 43. maddeler) Yunanistan\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara da uygulanacakt\u0131. \u0130nan\u0131r m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z, o tarihlerde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki gayrim\u00fcslimlerin durumundan bihaberdim. Gayrim\u00fcslimler ve K\u00fcrtler hakk\u0131nda yava\u015f yava\u015f bilgilenmeye b\u00f6yle ba\u015flad\u0131m.<\/p>\n \u2018B\u00fct\u00fcn ezilmi\u015flerin s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019 Dahas\u0131, bana sorarsan\u0131z daha da orijinal olan \u015fu unsuru dile getirdik: \u201cBug\u00fcne kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ezilmi\u015fler ve d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015flar sadece kendi t\u00fcrlerini savundular. \u015eimdi sadece kendilerini de\u011fil, birbirlerini de savunmal\u0131lar. Kendilerini ezilmekten ve d\u0131\u015flanmaktan koruyabilmelerinin tek yolu budur: Sosyalistler K\u00fcrtleri, K\u00fcrtler Ermenileri, Ermeniler e\u015fcinselleri, e\u015fcinseller Alevileri, Aleviler \u00c7ingeneleri vb. savunmal\u0131.\u201d Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n Hrant\u2019\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla son derece uyumlu oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatmal\u0131y\u0131m.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yarg\u0131 tepetaklak<\/p>\n <\/b>Kampanya s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u00f6yledi\u011fimiz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u015fey (ve bu bizi tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z konuya geri getiriyor) \u015fuydu: \u201cEzilmi\u015f ve d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f olmayan, fakat vicdan sahibi olan insanlara da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunuyoruz.\u201d Vicdan\u0131n i\u015fin i\u00e7ine girdi\u011fi nokta bu.<\/p>\n Ben bir Beyaz T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcm. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de T\u00fcrk terimi etnik k\u00f6ken olarak T\u00fcrk anlam\u0131nda de\u011fildir. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir T\u00fcrk demektir (zira 1839\u2019da yasal olarak la\u011fvedilen Millet Sistemi b\u00fct\u00fcn M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n zihninde h\u00e2l\u00e2 egemendir). Bir T\u00fcrk WASP (Beyaz, Anglo-Sakson, Protestan Amerikal\u0131lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan k\u0131saltma- edit\u00f6r\u00fcn notu.) kurulu d\u00fczen taraf\u0131ndan makbul ve g\u00fcvenilir kabul edilmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok daha fazla niteli\u011fe sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ki\u015fi bir defa Hanefi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmal\u0131d\u0131r (\u015eafi olmamal\u0131d\u0131r – K\u00fcrtlerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu \u015eafidir); ikincisi, S\u00fcnni olmal\u0131d\u0131r (Alevi de\u011fil); ve T\u00fcrk olmal\u0131d\u0131r (T\u00fcrk olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenlerden olmamal\u0131d\u0131r). B\u00fct\u00fcn bu niteliklerin \u00f6tesinde de laik olmak zorundas\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ben bir Beyaz T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcm, fakat vicdan\u0131m var. Temiz bir vicdana sahip olanlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc bu \u015fekilde davranmal\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de az\u0131nl\u0131k ve insan haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunmaktan dolay\u0131 bir \u015fey elde etmiyorum. Tam tersine, ba\u015f\u0131ma bela al\u0131yorum. \u0130ki askeri darbe s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00f6rt kez memuriyetten at\u0131ld\u0131m. \u0130lki 1971\u2019deydi ve bir y\u0131l sonra mahkeme karar\u0131yla d\u00f6nd\u00fcm. 1982 sonunda \u00fc\u00e7 kez \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131m ve her defas\u0131nda mahkeme karar\u0131yla d\u00f6nd\u00fcm. \u015eimdi evimde g\u00fcvenlik kameralar\u0131 ve jilet teller var. Fakat \u015fu an yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi konu\u015fmaz ve yazmazsam, nas\u0131l uyuyabilirim? Aynaya nas\u0131l bakabilirim? E\u015fimin y\u00fcz\u00fcne nas\u0131l bakar\u0131m? Mesele bu kadar basit. Oysa ABD veya Fransa\u2019da Ermeni haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunmak gayet kolay bir i\u015f!<\/p>\n Ha\u00e7ik Muradyan: Mahkemeden s\u00f6z ettiniz. Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki mahkemeler hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p>\n Bask\u0131n Oran: <\/b>Her \u015fey tepetaklak. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki yarg\u0131 mensuplar\u0131 kendilerini tehdit alt\u0131nda hissediyor. 1971\u2019deki darbe s\u0131ras\u0131nda durum b\u00f6yle de\u011fildi. Ayr\u0131ca, 1980 darbesinin etkisi ge\u00e7er ge\u00e7mez, benim gibi insanlar\u0131 mahkemeler i\u015flerine iade etmi\u015flerdi. Bunlar\u0131 yaparken de sadece yasalar\u0131 uygulad\u0131lar. \u015eimdi bir\u00e7ok T\u00fcrk gibi yarg\u0131\u00e7lar da kendilerini b\u00fct\u00fcn bu zombilerin tehdidi alt\u0131nda hissediyor. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de bir deyi\u015f vard\u0131r: \u201cEt kokarsa tuzlars\u0131n, peki ya tuz kokarsa?\u201d \u015eimdi yarg\u0131 tuz durumunda. Benim gibi insanlar i\u015flerinden kovulduklar\u0131nda yarg\u0131 son \u00e7areydi. \u015eimdi yarg\u0131 beni Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu\u2019nun i\u00e7 t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 5. maddesi gere\u011fi haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u201cAz\u0131nl\u0131k Haklar\u0131 ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Haklar\u201d adl\u0131 rapordan dolay\u0131 216. ve 301\/2. maddelerden yarg\u0131l\u0131yor. Biz i\u015fimizi sadece ciddiye ald\u0131kt\u0131, o kadar.<\/p>\n 301\/2. maddedeki su\u00e7lama (yarg\u0131ya hakaret) hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6yleyece\u011fim tek \u015fey, komik oldu\u011fu. (B\u00fct\u00fcn bu Rapor olay\u0131n\u0131 Regent Journal of International Law dergisinde kapsaml\u0131 bi\u00e7imde yazd\u0131m). Fakat 216 su\u00e7lamas\u0131 inan\u0131lmaz. Bu madde dezavantajl\u0131 gruplara kar\u015f\u0131 nefret s\u00f6ylemini durdurmak i\u00e7in AB Uyum Paketleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kondu… ve \u015fimdi bunu (\u201chalk\u0131n bir kesimi hakk\u0131nda kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik\u201d) bana uyguluyorlar. (Bu r\u00f6portaj\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan iki ay kadar sonra \u2018Az\u0131nl\u0131k Raporu\u2019 \u00fc\u00e7 bu\u00e7uk y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcrecin ard\u0131ndan Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu\u2019nda aklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r -edit\u00f6r\u00fcn notu).<\/p>\n Zombiler de\u011fi\u015fti T\u00fcrkiye tarihinin ikinci modernle\u015ftirici devrimini ya\u015f\u0131yor. Birincisi Kemalizm ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda, 1920\u2019lerde ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yar\u0131-feodal bir imparatorlu\u011fun modern bir ulus-devlete, cemaatin ulusa, Sultan\u2019\u0131n tebaas\u0131n\u0131n cumhuriyetin vatanda\u015flar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcne imkan tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eimdi T\u00fcrkiye bu metamorfozu tamamlamak y\u00f6n\u00fcnde zor bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ten ge\u00e7iyor: Monist, asimilasyoncu ve\/veya tan\u0131m\u0131 gere\u011fi ayr\u0131mc\u0131 bir ulus-devletten, demokratik bir devlete; etnik ve dinsel olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir ulustan, bireyin \u00f6zg\u00fcr se\u00e7imine dayal\u0131 vatanda\u015fl\u0131k kavram\u0131na; devlet kendisinin alt-kimli\u011fini tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u2018zorunlu\u2019 olan vatanda\u015ftan, alt kimli\u011fi devlet taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sayg\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in \u2018g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc\u2019 olan bir vatanda\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme s\u00fcreci bu. Bunlar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 umut sayesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n \u0130kinci devrimin \u015fans\u0131 y\u00fcksek<\/p>\n <\/b>B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar aras\u0131nda en ilgin\u00e7 olan\u0131, akt\u00f6rlerin konumundaki radikal de\u011fi\u015fim: Kemalistlerin yukar\u0131dan devrimi 20\u2019lerde \u0130slam\u2019dan gelen dinsel bir tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eimdi ikinci devrim, Sevr Paranoyas\u0131 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda Kemalistlerin ulusalc\u0131 tepkisiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yor. Daha \u00f6nce de s\u00f6yledi\u011fim gibi bu paranoya \u0130slam, K\u00fcrt, soyk\u0131r\u0131m konular\u0131nda. CHP ve Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetler bunun s\u00f6zc\u00fcleri durumunda.<\/p>\n Bu y\u00fczden ikinci devrim birincisinden daha zor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Kemalistler Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131ndan muzaffer \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca o g\u00fcn\u00fcn otokratik ortam\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc bir muhalefet yoktu. Fakat bug\u00fcn var: O d\u00f6nemin Kemalistlerinin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 her \u015feyi aynen 1930\u2019lardaki gibi tutmak i\u00e7in ellerinden geleni yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Fakat daha \u00f6nce var olmayan sivil toplum sayesinde ikinci devrimin \u015fans\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek. Kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda elbette baz\u0131 zorluklar var: \u0130slamc\u0131lar\u0131n baz\u0131 inan\u0131lmaz hatalar\u0131, PKK ter\u00f6r\u00fc ve diasporan\u0131n bir kanad\u0131n\u0131n sonu gelmez nakarat\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 1915 insanlık için utançtı ama 1915’te başlamadı; 1839-1915 dönemi bir bütün olarak incelenmeli. Temmuz 1897’de çekilen aşağıdaki fotoğrafta, bir Taşnak çetesi görüntülenmiş. (Kaynak: Taşnakların tarihini anlatan, Hratch Dasnabedian imzalı ‘Dashnaksutiun, 1890-1924’ adlı kitap.) Armenian Weekly gazetesinin 2007 tarihli ‘Ermeni Soykırımı özel eki’nin kapağında, (solda) Hrant Dink’in katili Ogün Samast’ın cinayetten sonra polis sorgusunda söylediklerinden alıntı […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11319","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11319"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11319\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11321,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11319\/revisions\/11321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11319"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11319"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![](\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiy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<\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image2\/299-BaskinB-2.GIF\")
<\/strong>![](\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image2\/299-BaskinB-3.gif\")
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\nBask\u0131n Oran:<\/b> T\u00fcrkler 1915\u2019te neler olup bitti\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmeli ve ger\u00e7ekleri kabul etmeli. Di\u011fer yandan Ermeniler de 1850\u2019lerden sonraki d\u00f6nem hakk\u0131nda daha fazla \u015fey \u00f6\u011frenmeli, zira 1915, 1915\u2019te ba\u015flamad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\n<\/b>
\nBug\u00fcn benim i\u00e7in ve demokrat arkada\u015flar\u0131m i\u00e7in \u2018ezilmi\u015fler ve d\u0131\u015flananlar\u2019 \u00e7emberi daha da geni\u015f. Temmuz 2007\u2019deki genel se\u00e7imlerde \u2018Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Sol Ortak Aday\u2019 kampanyas\u0131yla bunu eyleme ge\u00e7irebildik. O kampanyada daha \u00f6nce dile getirilmemi\u015f en az \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feyi ortaya att\u0131k. Dedik ki: Sol 60\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sadece proletarya ve emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etti. 70\u2019lerde bir ikinci ezilmi\u015flik ve d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k unsurunu (kendimize ra\u011fmen, zira s\u0131k\u0131 Kemalist idik) teredd\u00fctl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde buna ekledik: K\u00fcrtler. Fakat 80\u2019lerden sonra yeni ezilmi\u015f ve d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f kategorileri \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 veya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131m\u0131za girdi: Aleviler, kad\u0131nlar, gayrim\u00fcslimler, \u00c7ingeneler, e\u015fcinseller… \u015eimdi solcu oldu\u011fumuzu s\u00f6yleyebilmemiz i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ezilmi\u015f ve d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015flar\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc olmal\u0131y\u0131z. Bunlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledik kampanyada.<\/p>\n
\n<\/b>
\nAlg\u0131lanan korku a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1914 ile 2008 ko\u015fullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck benzerlik oldu\u011funu belki fark etmi\u015fsinizdir. Korkulan konular elbette \u00e7ok farkl\u0131. Fakat alg\u0131lamalar benze\u015fiyor: Zombiler gelip bizi yiyecek. Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn zombileri \u201c\u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k\u201d, \u201cK\u00fcrt\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck\u201d ve \u201csoyk\u0131r\u0131m\u201d.
\nB\u00fct\u00fcn bu yaygara, ne yaz\u0131k ki art\u0131k var olmayan kom\u00fcnizmin bir zamanlar sebep oldu\u011fu korkuyu ikame edecek bir korku bulmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Fakat bunun nedeni sadece e\u011fitim de\u011fil (tekrar Sakall\u0131 Celal). S\u0131radan insanlar da kendilerini, \u00fclkedeki derin ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasi de\u011fi\u015fimlerin sonucu olarak son derece g\u00fcvensiz hissediyorlar.<\/p>\n