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Mehmet Bozkurt<\/span><\/span><\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7erkes S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc 1864 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 21 May\u0131s\u2019\u0131nda ba\u015flar.1856 Paris Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan sonra Frans\u0131z, \u0130ngiliz ve Osmanl\u0131 birliklerini kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda serbest kal\u0131p rahatlayan 280 bin ki\u015filik iyi donan\u0131ml\u0131 Rus Ordusu; uzun s\u00fcredir destans\u0131 kahramanl\u0131klar yaratarak direnen \u00c7erkeslere y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7evirir, sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7er. \u00d6nce Kuzeydo\u011fu Kafkasya d\u00fc\u015fer. 1859 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde Shapsugh, Abzegh, Wub\u0131h ve Bjedughlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Kafkasya i\u015fgal alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1861 y\u0131l\u0131nda Wub\u0131hlar\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u2018B\u00fcy\u00fck Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00c7erkesya Meclisi\u2019 kurulur. Bu meclis etraf\u0131nda toplanan \u2018\u00c7erkes Birli\u011fi\u2019 birlikten ayr\u0131lanlar\u0131n \u015fiddetle cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sonuna kadar sava\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r.<\/p>\n Newyorkk Times gazetesinde yaz\u0131lar yazan Karl Marx, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dikkatini \u00c7erkes direni\u015f\u00e7ilerine \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in \u015funlar\u0131 dile getirir: \u201cEy d\u00fcnya, ey insanl\u0131k!<\/p>\n Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131 Kafkas da\u011flar\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frenin. \u00d6zg\u00fcr ya\u015famak isteyenlerin nelere muktedir oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcn. Uluslar onlardan ders als\u0131n!\u201d Abzegh ve Shapsugh b\u00f6lgelerinde direni\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck olur. Hi\u00e7bir yerden destek ve yard\u0131m alamayan \u00c7erkesler yenilir. B\u00f6lge 1863 sonunda Rus ordular\u0131nca i\u015fgal edilir. Son direni\u015f\u00e7i Wub\u0131hlar ise 1864 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda yenik d\u00fc\u015ferler. \u0130\u015fgal ordusu komutan\u0131 Kafkasya Genel Askeri Valisi\u2019nin, Kafkas Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bitti\u011fini ilan etti\u011fi 21 May\u0131s g\u00fcn\u00fc \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u201d ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n Yorgun d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcler sava\u015fmaktan. Karadeniz\u2019in Ker\u00e7, Anapa, Tuapsi, So\u00e7i iskelelerine\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ve kendilerini alacak Osmanl\u0131 teknelerini, sava\u015f art\u0131\u011f\u0131 Rus gemilerini beklemeye durdular. Nar taneleri gibiydiler. Aylarca s\u00fcren bekleyi\u015finizde \u00f6nce salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar vurdu sizleri, \u00f6yle mi benim g\u00fczel babaannem?<\/p>\n Kimi parag\u00f6z gemicilerin, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck teknelere zebun d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f 50-60 ki\u015fiyi t\u0131ka basa doldurup; sonradan yolun ortas\u0131nda Karadeniz\u2019in azg\u0131n sular\u0131na bo\u015falt\u0131p bu mecalsizleri, yeni bir y\u00fck\u00fcn i\u015ftah\u0131yla iskelelere d\u00f6nd\u00fcklerini okudum tarih kitaplar\u0131nda… Senin, \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar bal\u0131k yememen bundan m\u0131yd\u0131 benim g\u00fczel babaannem?<\/p>\n Rakamlar verir tarih kitaplar\u0131. 600 binden ba\u015flay\u0131p 1 milyon 500 bine varan. Hangisi do\u011fru bilinmez. Ka\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kabilmi\u015ftir kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131ya, ka\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp denize at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ka\u00e7\u0131 kudurmu\u015f dalgalara dayanamay\u0131p par\u00e7alanan gemilerle birlikte denizde yitmi\u015f bilinmez. Bebe\u011finin \u00f6l\u00fc oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n diye onu g\u00fcnlerce deli denizde kuca\u011f\u0131nda tutup p\u0131\u015fp\u0131\u015flayan, ona ninniler s\u00f6yleyen bir annenin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc okumu\u015ftum; \u00f6l\u00fc oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan bebek hoyrat ellerce denize at\u0131l\u0131nca kendisini sessizce sulara b\u0131rakan bir \u00c7erkes kad\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcyd\u00fc… Bunlar kay\u0131plar listesinde var m\u0131d\u0131r benim g\u00fczel babaannem?<\/p>\n Ne kadar \u00e7ok tanr\u0131n\u0131z vard\u0131 babaanne… Orman, ay, y\u0131ld\u0131z sonra \u015farap ve bu\u011fday; sonra tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131z. En sonunda tek tanr\u0131n\u0131z oldu, ona yakarmak i\u00e7in ikonalar\u0131n\u0131z ve seccadeleriniz… Onlar da m\u0131 sizleri yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakt\u0131? Ondan m\u0131d\u0131r, bu d\u00fcnyadan g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcnceye kadar namazs\u0131z oru\u00e7suz Allahs\u0131z kalman, benim g\u00fczel babaannem?<\/p>\n D\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fcler Samsun, Trabzon, \u0130stanbul, Varna, K\u00f6stence iskelelerine; \u00f6nlerinde yeni ac\u0131lar. Savruldular d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn co\u011frafyalar\u0131na nar taneleri gibi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Mehmet Bozkurt Sol Dergisi, sayı:185 24 Mayıs 2002 Büyük Çerkes Sürgünü 1864 yılının 21 Mayıs’ında başlar.1856 Paris Antlaşması’ndan sonra Fransız, İngiliz ve Osmanlı birliklerini karşısında serbest kalıp rahatlayan 280 bin kişilik iyi donanımlı Rus Ordusu; uzun süredir destansı kahramanlıklar yaratarak direnen Çerkeslere yönünü çevirir, saldırıya geçer. Önce Kuzeydoğu Kafkasya düşer. 1859 yılına gelindiğinde Shapsugh, Abzegh, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11365"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11365\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11367,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11365\/revisions\/11367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nSol Dergisi, say\u0131:185 24 May\u0131s 2002<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u00c7a\u011fr\u0131lar yapt\u0131lar t\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011fa.
\nSa\u011f\u0131r olmu\u015ftu insanl\u0131k,
\nseslerini duyuramad\u0131lar.
\nSonunda yenildiler…
\nSa\u011f kalanlar d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fcler<\/p>\n