{"id":11375,"date":"2019-03-25T11:39:43","date_gmt":"2019-03-25T16:39:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=11375"},"modified":"2019-03-25T11:39:43","modified_gmt":"2019-03-25T16:39:43","slug":"apsuwalar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/apsuwalar\/","title":{"rendered":"APSUWALAR"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Little \u0130nfo<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Genel olarak k\u0131y\u0131 kesimlerde oturanlar H\u0131ristiyan iken, i\u00e7 kesimlerde ve da\u011flar aras\u0131ndaki vadilerde oturanlar (Abazalar) m\u00fcsl\u00fcmand\u0131rlar. Dilleri \u00c7erkes kabilelerinin dillerinden olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, Kafkas dilleri aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bil dil gurubu olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u0131y\u0131 kesimlerde oturan ana Abhaz kitlesinden ayr\u0131 olarak da\u011flarda ve Kabardeyler ile Besleneylere yak\u0131n olarak oturan Abazalar\u0131n \u015fivelerinde farkl\u0131l\u0131klar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ise de ana kitle ile zorluk \u00e7ekmeden anla\u015fabilirler. Ancak ili\u015fkileri ana kitleden \u00e7ok Kabardeyler ve Besleneyler ile daha kuvvetli olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Abhazlar \u0130ngur \u0131rma\u011f\u0131ndan Kuzey\u2019e do\u011fru Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n zirvelerine ve Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 boyunca Adler’in \u00f6tesine kadar uzanan geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lgede ya\u015farlar. 14.y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar Kuban boylar\u0131na kadar olan sahada da kolonileri vard\u0131. Ancak Kuzey\u2019den inen Kabardeylerin bask\u0131s\u0131 sonucunda yerlerini t\u00fcm\u00fcyle onlara b\u0131rak\u0131larak ana kitleleriyle Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na inmek zorunda kald\u0131lar Bununla beraber Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ve Kuban Nehri ile bu nehre kat\u0131lan \u0131rmaklar\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131nda bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kalmaya devam etti. Abazalar kendilerini Kuzey ve Kuzeybat\u0131\u2019dan \u00e7eviren Kabardeyler ve Besleneylerin tesiri alt\u0131na girmi\u015fler ve Kabardeylerin egemenli\u011fini kabul etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Abhaz-Abazalar G\u00fcney ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu\u2019dan G\u00fcrc\u00fcler ile Kuzeydo\u011fu\u2019dan (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan, yukar\u0131 do\u011fru) Svanlar, Kara\u00e7ay-Balkarlar ve Kabardeyler ile kom\u015fudur. Kuzey\u2019den ise Besleneyler, Abzahlar ve Ubuhlar ile \u00e7evriliydiler.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki ana kitleye ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar.
\n1-Abhazlar (Kendilerine Apsuva derler),
\n2-Abazalar (Abazinler, kendilerine Asuva derler)<\/p>\n

Abazalar : <\/b>
\nKaradeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 boyunca \u0130ngur Nehri’nden Adler’in \u00f6tesine ve hatta So\u00e7i yak\u0131nlar\u0131na kadar uzanan k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feridinde ve \u0130ngur Vadisi boyunca i\u00e7 kesimlerde otururlar. K\u0131y\u0131 boyunca Kuzey\u2019den G\u00fcney\u2019e do\u011fru Ciget (Ziget)ler, Abziblar, Ah\u00e7ipsular (Ah\u00e7ipsa); i\u00e7 kesimlerde ise Kuzey\u2019de Zamballar (Hirps veya Tzaballar), G\u00fcney\u2019de ise Aybgalar yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu k\u0131y\u0131 Abhazlar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise Rusya ile iyi ge\u00e7inme politikas\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015f, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise \u00c7erkes kabileleri ile birlikte veya ayr\u0131 olarak Rusya’ya kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele etmi\u015ftir ki, bunlar genellikle m\u00fcsl\u00fcman Abzahlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Abazalar :
\n<\/b>Kuban’\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131na yak\u0131n olan b\u00f6lgede ve yukar\u0131 boylar\u0131nda oturanlar iki ana guruba ayrilir.
\n1) <\/b>Tapanta (Alti Kesek Abaza): Kuban kaynaklar\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Zelen\u00e7uk vadilerinde otururlar. Yurtlar\u0131 Kuma ve Podkumuk sular\u0131na kadar uzan\u0131r. \u0130simlerini beylerinden alan alt\u0131 guruba b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcrler. Dudaruk, Lo, Klii\u00e7, Kye\u00e7, Biberd ve Cantenir.
\n2)<\/b> Skaraya (veya Askar): Mudavey, Kazilbeg, Segerey, Tam, Basilbeg, Barakay ve Bag alt grublar\u0131ndan olu\u015furlar. Bu Abazalar Rusya ile sava\u015fa en \u015fiddetli bir bi\u00e7imde kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Abhazlar Kabardeylerden sonra en kalabal\u0131k \u00c7erkes kabilesidir. Bu kabilelerde Ruslara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelelerde Natukha\u00e7lar ve Ubuhlarla birlikte en \u00f6n saflarda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kabile ayn\u0131 zamanda di\u011fer \u00c7erkes kabilelerine nazaran en demokrat kabiledir. Aralar\u0131nda asillerin n\u00fcfuzu daha az ve s\u0131n\u0131f farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 daha az belirgindir.<\/p>\n

Bu kabile, Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131’n\u0131n Kuzey eteklerinde ve Kuban’n\u0131n orta mecras\u0131na kat\u0131lan kollar\u0131n\u0131n sulad\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6lgede ya\u015farlar. Buras\u0131 Bat\u0131 Kafkasya’n\u0131n merkezi kesimi oldu\u011fundan tabii olarak Abhazlar da denebilir ki, Ruslar’a kar\u015f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli ve etkili mukavemet g\u00f6steren kabile olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fl\u0131ca yerle\u015fim yerleri:
\n<\/b>1) Sagvase, Khur\u00e7ips, Pseha, Pkhats, Tfiseps kollar\u0131
\n2) Laba, Psizun, (Psizuy-Malaya Laba) Segupsin, Hagur, Fars kollar\u0131
\n3) Psij, Mat(Mart), P\u00e7as(P\u00e7ah) kollar\u0131
\n4) Psekups \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 vadileri<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Little İnfo Genel olarak kıyı kesimlerde oturanlar Hıristiyan iken, iç kesimlerde ve dağlar arasındaki vadilerde oturanlar (Abazalar) müslümandırlar. Dilleri Çerkes kabilelerinin dillerinden oldukça farklılaştığından, Kafkas dilleri arasında ayrı bil dil gurubu olarak ele alınır. Kıyı kesimlerde oturan ana Abhaz kitlesinden ayrı olarak dağlarda ve Kabardeyler ile Besleneylere yakın olarak oturan Abazaların şivelerinde farklılıklar ortaya çıkmış 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