<\/p>\nHejar\u00ea \u015eamil:<\/strong> Kek Letif, tarih\u00e7isiniz ve ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 K\u00fcrtlerin, \u00f6zellikle Kafkasya K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131 tarihinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na adam\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131z. Ancak g\u00fcncel bir soru ile ba\u015flamak istiyorum: Rusya cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Dmitriy Medvedyev\u2019in \u00e7abalar\u0131 ile Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan cumhurba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n 2 Kas\u0131m bulu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ve imzalanan \u201cMoskova deklarasyonu\u201dnu nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirdi\u011finizi merak ettim.<\/p>\n
Letif Memmed Bruki:<\/strong> 2 Kas\u0131m 2008\u2019de Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f m\u00fcnaka\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fck Azerbaycan, Ermenistan ve Rusya cumhurba\u015fkanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan imzalanan \u201cMoskova deklarasyonu\u201dnu her taraf kendi prizmas\u0131ndan bakarak, kendi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile de\u011ferlendiriyor.<\/p>\nAn\u0131msayal\u0131m; A\u011fustos ay\u0131ndaki G\u00fcney Osetya ve Abazya olaylar\u0131ndan, \u201cbe\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck sava\u015f\u201dtan sonra Kremlin, ABD ve Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u201cyeni imparatorluk iddialar\u0131\u201d su\u00e7lamas\u0131 alt\u0131ndayd\u0131. Ciddi bask\u0131 ve ele\u015ftiriler yap\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Gerek d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda, gerekse de Kafkasya\u2019da Rusya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcvenirli\u011fi darbelenmi\u015fti. Deklarasyonun imzalat\u0131lmas\u0131 Moskova\u2019n\u0131n kendini aklamas\u0131, bar\u0131\u015fseverli\u011fini g\u00f6stermesi i\u00e7in zorunlu bir ad\u0131m idi.<\/p>\n
\u201cMoskova Deklarasyonu\u201d \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck Belgesidir\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\nHejar\u00ea \u015eamil:<\/strong> Deklarasyonda \u00fc\u00e7 prensip \u00fczerinde anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle sava\u015fan taraflar Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan olarak g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f. Daha \u00f6nceki s\u00fcre\u00e7te Ermeniler, sorunlu taraflar\u0131n Azerbaycan ve Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f oldu\u011funu \u0131srarla vurguluyorlard\u0131. \u0130kinci prensipte; sorunun uluslar aras\u0131 hukuk normlar\u0131 ve prensipleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi dile getirilmi\u015f. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc prensip olarak; sorunun merhalelerle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f\u2026<\/p>\nLetif Memmed Bruki:<\/strong> Baz\u0131 iyimser \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fckler ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u201cMoskova Deklarasyonu\u201d, sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7maktan ziyade, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc daha da zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. \u0130lk kez sorunun taraflar\u0131 olarak Azerbaycan ve Ermenistan g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n Azeri ve Ermeni sakinleri aras\u0131nda referanduma gidilebilir. Ama bin y\u0131llar boyunca bu topraklarda ya\u015fayan, Azeri ve Ermenilerden daha \u00f6nce burada yer edinmi\u015f K\u00fcrtler hakk\u0131na k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ima bile yoktur deklarasyonda. K\u00fcrtlerin yasal haklar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmadan Karaba\u011f sorunu bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l yollarla halledilemez. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan \u201cMoskova Deklarasyonu\u201d ill\u00fczyon ve kendini kand\u0131rmadan \u00f6te bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131maz.<\/p>\nG\u00fcney Kafkasya Tarih Boyunca K\u00fcrtlerin Etki Alan\u0131 Olmu\u015ftur\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\nHejar\u00ea \u015eamil: <\/strong>\u0130fade etti\u011finiz g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin tarihi dayanaklar\u0131 nedir?<\/p>\nLetif Memmed Bruki: <\/strong>En ba\u015fta \u015funu belirtmek gerekir ki, en az 2 bin 500 y\u0131l boyunca G\u00fcney Kafkasya, K\u00fcrt a\u015firetlerinin etnik ve askeri-siyasal etkinlik alan\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. K\u00fcrtler burada Ermeni ve T\u00fcrklerden \u00e7ok \u00f6nceleri belirginle\u015fmi\u015f, etkinliklerini 19. yy\u2019\u0131n sonlar\u0131na kadar korumu\u015flard\u0131r. Halk\u0131m\u0131z \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan\u201d ismi ile bilinen araziler de dahil G\u00fcney Kafkasya\u2019da bin y\u0131llar boyunca ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve burada bir\u00e7ok devlet olu\u015fumunun kuruyucular\u0131 olmu\u015ftur; Medya imparatorlu\u011funun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc burada bulunmu\u015f, Aran \u015fahlar, Sasaniler, Mehraniler, \u015eirvan \u015eahlar, Desem El-K\u00fcrdi, Revvadiler, \u015eeddadiler, Penahiler devlet kurmu\u015ftur… 18. yy\u2019\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda K\u00fcrtlerin G\u00fcney Kafkasya\u2019da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 K\u00fcrdistan adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\u0130sko\u00e7yal\u0131 hekim, Rusya\u2019daki \u0130ngiliz misyonunun sekreteri Bel, kendi yol g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinde Persiya\u2019ya gezisini \u015f\u00f6yle kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: (Aral\u0131k 1716\u2019da) Rusyal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan Mu\u011fan bozk\u0131r\u0131, Farslar taraf\u0131ndan K\u00fcrdistan adlanan bo\u015f bir araziye girdik. \u015eimdi Arras adlanan Araks nehri, \u00fczerindeki k\u00f6pr\u00fcden yar\u0131m mil yukar\u0131da Kura nehrine kar\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Kura K\u00fcrdistan eyaletini b\u00f6lerek ak\u0131p gidiyor. K\u00fcrtler isimlerini bu nehirden alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu halk olduk\u00e7a kadimdir ve kan\u0131mca Ksenofon\u2019un \u201cKardux\u201d olarak anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131, Grek ak\u0131nlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7 g\u00f6sterenlerin ta kendisidir. \u015eimdi de onlar pek cesur say\u0131lmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Onlar\u0131n atlar\u0131 gerek g\u00fczel g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fleri, gerekse de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olu\u015fu ile Persiya\u2019da \u00e7ok \u00f6v\u00fclmektedir. Burada meskun olan K\u00fcrtler y\u0131l boyuca g\u00f6\u00e7ebe ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. (\u201cSeyyahlar Azerbaycan hakk\u0131nda\u201d. Bak\u00fb, 1961, say. 397)<\/p>\n
K\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan Milli Bir Otonomiydi<\/strong><\/p>\nHejar\u00ea \u015eamil:<\/strong> \u00c7ok\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan\u201d sorununa d\u00f6nersek\u2026 K\u00fcrt bas\u0131n\u0131nda bu konuda b\u00f6l\u00fck p\u00f6r\u00e7\u00fck bilgiler yer alsa da, kan\u0131mca, gereken d\u00fczeyde detayl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\nLetif Memmed Bruki:<\/strong> Biraz \u00f6nce notlar\u0131na ba\u015fvurdu\u011fumuz Bel taraf\u0131ndan tarif edilen, Mu\u011fan bozk\u0131r\u0131ndan Aras ve Kura nehirlerinin kavu\u015ftu\u011fu yere kadar (bu yerin yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015eeddadi h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, K\u00fcrt mimarili\u011finin ve mimari d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin e\u015fsiz eseri olan Xudaferin k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r), oradan Kelbecer\u2019e (\u201cK\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n bir ili \u2013 H.\u015e) kadar uzanan arazi, ge\u00e7en yy\u2019\u0131n 20-30\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan\u201d ismi ile bilinen K\u00fcrt milli b\u00f6lgesinin i\u00e7erisinde yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda Azerbaycan merkezi y\u00fcr\u00fctme komitesinin karar\u0131 ile K\u00fcrdistan inzibati birim olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. 1932\u2019de A. Buk\u015fpan \u201cAzerbaycan K\u00fcrtleri\u201d kitab\u0131nda bu birimin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle tarif etmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
\u201cEski K\u00fcrdistan kazas\u0131n\u0131n Kuzey s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 Gence kazas\u0131na kadar uzanan Murovda\u011f s\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131ndan akan su belirlemekteydi. K\u00fcrdistan, Kangur-Alangez (Do\u011fru ismi Gonur-Elegez\u2019dir. -H\u015e) s\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en nehir boyunca Ermenistan SSC’nin Nor-Beyazit (\u015fimdi Kamo-red) kazas\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rda\u015ft\u0131. G\u00fcney Do\u011fu’da ise Ermenistan SSC’nin Dereleyez ve Zengezur illerine kadar uzanmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdistan’\u0131n G\u00fcney Do\u011fu hudutlar\u0131, Hekeri nehri boyunca eski Cavan\u015fir kazas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mekte, Efendiler k\u00f6y\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak Hekeri’nin sol kolu olan Milxelev’e kavu\u015fana kadar devam etmekteydi.<\/p>\n
Nihayet, K\u00fcrdistan, G\u00fcney Do\u011fu’da Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f’la s\u0131n\u0131rda\u015f olup bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar Milxelev suyu Hekeri’ye kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktadan Murovda\u011f s\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131na kadar uzanmaktayd\u0131\u201d. (A.Buk\u015fpan. Azerbayanskiye Kurd\u0131\u201d Baku, 1932, s.10-11. Rus\u00e7a; A.Buk\u015fpan \u201cAzerbaycan K\u00fcrtleri\u201d. \u0130stanbul, 2007, s. 19. \u201cP\u00ear\u00ee\u201d yay\u0131nlar\u0131. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e. \u00c7evirmen: Hejar\u00ea \u015eamil)<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdistan kazas\u0131na Kubatl\u0131 kazas\u0131, Cavan\u015fir ve \u015eu\u015fa kazalar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm bat\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ve eski Karyagin kazas\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc dahildi. 1921 y\u0131l\u0131 Azerbaycan ziraat\u0131 geli\u015ftirme temelinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re K\u00fcrdistan kazas\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan topraklarda 30 bin K\u00fcrt ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. (\u201cZarya Vostoka\u201d gazetesi. NO 281 (446), 6 Aral\u0131k 1923). Co\u011frafi K\u00fcrdistan kazas\u0131 Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. (\u201cZarya Vostoka\u201d, NO 186 (2132), 20 Temmuz 1929)<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdistan milli otonomisi olan \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan\u201d a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki illerden olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131:<\/p>\n
Lac\u0131n (Pirican) 1835 metre kare;
\nKelbecer (Kevin bajer) 1936 metre kare;
\nZengilan 707 metre kare;
\nKubadl\u0131 802 metre kare;
\nCebrail 1050 metre kare.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6ylece K\u00fcrtler 1923\u2019te Kuzey Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n G\u00fcney Bat\u0131s\u0131nda nominal bir devlet yaratabilmi\u015fti. 1929\u2019da iptal edildi.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrtler Karaba\u011f\u2019da \u00d6nemli N\u00fcfus Yo\u011fulu\u011funa Sahipti<\/strong><\/p>\nK\u00fcrtler hakl\u0131 olarak Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f\u2019a dahil olan t\u00fcm Zengezur (1) topraklar\u0131n\u0131 kendi yurtlar\u0131 saymaktad\u0131rlar. K\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Zengezur topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde kurulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Tarihe bir g\u00f6z atarsak;<\/p>\n
Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n Rusya tabili\u011fine ge\u00e7mesiyle Erivan vilayetinin s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerinde, Kars eyaletinde ve Yelizavetpol vilayetinde (2) 1898 y\u0131l\u0131nda 100 bine yak\u0131n K\u00fcrt n\u00fcfus bulunmaktayd\u0131. (Rusya Ansiklopedi s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. 1991, s. 143-144). Nah\u00e7\u0131van\u2019da da K\u00fcrtlerin \u00f6nemli bir n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir: 19. yy\u2019\u0131n 80\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131nda Do\u011fu Dereleyez\u2019de bulunan 44 yerle\u015fim biriminde 910 aile ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, bunlardan 663\u2019\u00fc K\u00fcrt ve 247\u2019si Ermeni ailesi olmu\u015ftur. (\u201cNah\u00e7\u0131van eyaletinin istatistik tarifi\u201d Sank-Petersburg, 1833. s., 80).<\/p>\n
1893 verilerine g\u00f6re Karaba\u011f\u2019da 333 Azeri, 69 K\u00fcrt ve 49 Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fc bulunmaktayd\u0131. (\u201cAzerbaycan\u201d gazetesi, Baku, 1,5 Ocak 1992). 1926 y\u0131l\u0131 n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n K\u00fcrdistan kazas\u0131nda 41.193 K\u00fcrt ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. \u015euan K\u00fcrtlerin 5,5 bin metre karelik arazisi t\u00fcmden Ermenistan taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmi\u015f, K\u00fcrtler Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n onlarca ilinde m\u00fclteci ya\u015fam\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedirler.<\/p>\n
Ermenistan K\u00fcrt \u00d6zerkli\u011fine S\u0131cak Yakla\u015fmad\u0131\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\nHejar\u00ea \u015eamil: Ku\u015fkusuz, K\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda Moskova\u2019n\u0131n diktesi ile hareket eden Baku y\u00f6netiminin pay\u0131 fazlas\u0131ylad\u0131r. Ne var ki, Ermeni y\u00f6netimlerinin K\u00fcrt \u00f6zerkli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 has\u0131mca yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ediliyor. Bir \u00e7ok yaz\u0131da, ara\u015ft\u0131rma-incelemede Ermeniler neredeyse K\u00fcrtlerin hamisi olarak kaleme veriliyor\u2026<\/p>\n
Letif Memmed Bruki:<\/strong> Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, y\u0131llar boyunca Moskova\u2019n\u0131n tercihiyle Erivan\u2019da K\u00fcrt radyosunun faaliyet g\u00f6stermesi, K\u00fcrt gazetesinin bas\u0131lmas\u0131, di\u011fer k\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyetlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi nedeniyle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. K\u00fcrtlerin \u00f6zerklik elde etmesine Ermeni y\u00f6netimlerinin s\u0131cak yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir efsanedir.<\/p>\nAleksandr Mixaylovi\u00e7 Skibitski\u2019nin \u201cKaraba\u011f krizi: \u00e7\u0131kmazdan kurtulmak i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015fi bilmek gerekir\u201d makalesinde (\u201cSoyuz\u201d haftal\u0131\u011f\u0131 NO 7, 1991) G\u00fcney Kafkasya K\u00fcrtlerine kar\u015f\u0131 Ermeni siyasetinin \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc yanlar\u0131n\u0131 su y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yazar, d\u00f6nemin Azerbaycan ba\u015fkan\u0131 Neriman Nerimanov\u2019un imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Deklarasyon uyar\u0131nca \u201cDa\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f\u201d s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bulunan Zengezur kazas\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcmden Ermenistan\u2019a verilmesinin \u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaydediyor. A.M. Skibitski yaz\u0131yor: \u201cBug\u00fcn N.Nerimanov\u2019un Deklarasyon\u2019unu takip eden bu \u00f6nemli ko\u015fulu dikkatten ka\u00e7\u0131rmamal\u0131y\u0131z; deklarasyonda Zengezur kazas\u0131 \u201cErmenistan\u2019\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz hissesi\u201d olarak belirtilmi\u015f, \u00f6zellikle Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u201cDa\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n emek\u00e7i k\u00f6yl\u00fclerine t\u00fcmden kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131\u201d vermi\u015ftir. Bu g\u00fcn s\u00f6z konusu belirleme yaln\u0131z Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f \u00f6zerk b\u00f6lgesine \u015famil edilmektedir. Fakat o g\u00fcnlerde Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f topraklar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131ndan bahsedilmekteydi ve yaln\u0131z Azerbaycan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeki Ermeni otonomisi de\u011fil, Ermenistan\u2019a verilmesi \u00f6nerilen Zengezur kazas\u0131nda K\u00fcrt otonomisinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 \u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu kazadaki \u201cemek\u00e7i k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin\u201d 117 binini oturak ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fcren M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar (K\u00fcrtler), 90 binini Ermeniler olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. S.\u0130.Kasyan (Ermenistan ba\u015fkan\u0131-red) Zengezur kazas\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcyle Ermenistan\u2019a verilmesi ve burada K\u00fcrt otonomisi olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 uygun g\u00f6rmemi\u015f, kazan\u0131n K\u00fcrtlerin meskun oldu\u011fu Do\u011fu kesiminin Azerbaycan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kalmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylelikle, Zengezur kazas\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fcrtler ya\u015fayan Do\u011fu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, Azerbaycan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde K\u00fcrdistan kazas\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d (A. M. Skibitski).<\/p>\n
Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n Ermenistan\u2019a Birle\u015ftirilmesi Planlar\u0131 Eskidir<\/strong><\/p>\nHejar\u00ea \u015eamil:<\/strong> Anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla, Azerbaycan Zengezur kazas\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcmden Ermenistan\u2019a verilmesini ve planlanan K\u00fcrt \u00f6zerkli\u011finin burada olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca Zengezur\u2019un da dahil oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm Karaba\u011f topraklar\u0131nda halklar\u0131n kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmi\u015ftir. Ermeniler kendi arazilerinde K\u00fcrt \u00f6zerkli\u011fi istememi\u015ftir. Sonu\u00e7ta Zengezur\u2019un K\u00fcrler ya\u015fayan Do\u011fu kesimi Azerbaycan\u2019a ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f, buras\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan kazas\u0131 arazilerine dahil edilmi\u015ftir. Ermenilerin neden b\u00f6yle davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l izah edilebilir?<\/p>\nLetif Memmed Bruki:<\/strong> Ermenistan politikac\u0131lar\u0131 uzun vadeli plan \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki nedenlerden dolay\u0131 Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde K\u00fcrt otonom biriminin olu\u015fmas\u0131na raz\u0131l\u0131k verememi\u015flerdir:<\/p>\n1) <\/strong>1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda art\u0131k Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n kendi topraklar\u0131nda 50 binden fazla K\u00fcrt ya\u015famaktayd\u0131 ve \u00fclke y\u00f6netimi dar milli \u00e7\u0131kar hesaplar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 \u00fclkedeki K\u00fcrtlerin 200 bine ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 istememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n2) <\/strong>Bilindi\u011fi gibi K\u00fcrlerin yo\u011fun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 araziler Ermenistan\u2019la Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f \u00f6zerk cumhuriyeti aras\u0131nda yerle\u015fmektedir. Ermenilerin hesaplamalar\u0131na g\u00f6re, bu arazilerde Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erinde kurulacak olan K\u00fcrt otonomisi ileriki s\u00fcre\u00e7te Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n Ermenistan\u2019a birle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in ciddi engel olabilirdi.<\/p>\n3)<\/strong> Ermenistan\u2019da K\u00fcrt otonomisinin olu\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda y\u0131llardan beri M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve Yezdi K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131nda (Ermenistan\u2019da ya\u015fayan K\u00fcrtlerin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 kesimi Yezdi K\u00fcrtlerdi. -H\u015e) ya\u015fanan ayr\u0131\u015fmalar tersi bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterebilir, ulusal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce peki\u015febilir ve ciddi b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fme ya\u015fanabilirdi. Ne var ki, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n amac\u0131 bunu engellemeye y\u00f6nelikti ve bu politika bug\u00fcn de s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\nK\u00fcrdistan Kazas\u0131n\u0131n Ortadan Kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Sorumlular\u0131; Stalin Rejimi, Azeri Milliyet\u00e7i \u00c7evreleri, Ermeni Lobisi ve T\u00fcrkiye Devleti\u2019dir<\/strong><\/p>\nHejar\u00ea \u015eamil:<\/strong> Ger\u00e7ekten de K\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan kazas\u0131n\u0131n kurulu\u015f a\u015famas\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmelerin incelenmesi, bir \u00e7ok n\u00fcanslar\u0131 g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. Kazan\u0131n kurulu\u015f nedenlerinin ve bunun i\u00e7in neden Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n tercih edildi\u011finin birden \u00e7ok nedeni vard\u0131r. 1929\u2019da K\u00fcrdistan kazas\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 da \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerle izah ediliyor\u2026<\/p>\nLetif Memmed Bruki:<\/strong> 1920-1930 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Azerbaycan y\u00f6netiminin ba\u015f\u0131nda S.M.Kirov, L.Mirzoyan, N. Kikalo, V.Polonski vb. vard\u0131. Moskova\u2019da ise y\u00f6neticilik yapan A.Nazaretyan\u2019dan, A.Mikoyan\u2019dan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar Ermeni lobisi G\u00fcney Kafkasya halklar\u0131n\u0131n kaderinin belirlemesinde belirleyici yol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Azerbaycan\u2019da \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u201d K\u00fcrdistan\u0131n\u0131n\u201d ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ve Ermeni Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f otonomisinin geli\u015ftirilmesinin esas bir nedeni Moskova\u2019daki Ermeni lobisinin g\u00fcc\u00fc sayesinde olmu\u015ftur. Di\u011fer bir belirleyici neden de \u015fudur; Stalin rejimi Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n milliyet\u00e7i \u00e7evreleri ile birlikte hareket etmi\u015f ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tahriklerinden de etkilenerek K\u00fcrt otonomisine son vermi\u015ftir. Son Ermeni-Azeri \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n faturas\u0131 da K\u00fcrtlere \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f; halk\u0131m\u0131z y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklar\u0131ndan s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\nKafkasya K\u00fcrdistan\u0131 \u0130deas\u0131 Ulusal Birli\u011fin Adresi Olabilir<\/strong><\/p>\nHejar\u00ea \u015eamil:<\/strong> Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te K\u00fcrtlerin ne yapmas\u0131 gerekir?<\/p>\nLetif Memmed Bruki:<\/strong> Bug\u00fcn Ermeniler i\u015fgal alt\u0131nda tuttuklar\u0131 Kafkasya K\u00fcrdistan\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn toponimleri (co\u011frafi isimler) Ermenile\u015ftirmektedir. \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirilmi\u015f topraklar\u0131 vatana katmak\u201d, \u201cDa\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f \u00e7evresinde g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7emberi olu\u015fturmak\u201d sloganlar\u0131 ve siyaseti ile ezeli K\u00fcrt topraklar\u0131n\u0131 ebediyen elde tutmay\u0131 planlamaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\nKafkasya\u2019da K\u00fcrtlerin haklar\u0131 konusunda K\u00fcrt toplumsal \u00f6rg\u00fct ve hareketlerinin ilgisizli\u011fi \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc yaratmaktad\u0131r. Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f etraf\u0131ndaki Ermeni-Azeri sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc s\u00fcrecinde K\u00fcrtler, \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 savunacak hi\u00e7bir toplumsal-siyasal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye sahip de\u011fildir BDT \u00e7ap\u0131nda. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan K\u00fcrtlerin haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunan, Ermeni otonomisi ile birlikte Azerbaycan\u2019da K\u00fcrt otonomisi olu\u015fturmay\u0131 hedefleyen bir \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye gidilmesi ihtiyac\u0131 her zamankinden daha yak\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Kafkasya K\u00fcrdistan\u0131 hakk\u0131nda t\u00fcm bilgileri merkezile\u015ftirmek ve onlar\u0131 hem K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131nda, hem de uluslar aras\u0131 \u00e7apta yaymak icap etmektedir. K\u00fcrt bas\u0131n yay\u0131n kurulu\u015flar\u0131 bu konuda rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynayabilmelidir. K\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan (Kafkasya K\u00fcrdistan\u0131), ayr\u0131ks\u0131 duran K\u00fcrt \u00f6rg\u00fctleri aras\u0131nda bir \u201culusal idea\u201d olarak b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirici rol da oynayabilir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrt otonomisinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, yaln\u0131z tarihsel adaletin tecelli etmesi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Karaba\u011f etraf\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkilerin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6r olacakt\u0131r. K\u00fcrdistan b\u00f6lge h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ve K\u00fcrt olu\u015fumlar\u0131n\u0131n bu konuya e\u011filmesinin, K\u00fcrt ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hizmet olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. \u00d6te yandan b\u00f6ylesi bir ad\u0131m atan K\u00fcrdistan b\u00f6lge h\u00fck\u00fcmeti K\u00fcrt haklar\u0131n\u0131n uluslar aras\u0131 \u00e7apta savunucusu olarak otoritesini daha da art\u0131racakt\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmetimizin b\u00f6ylesi bir misyon \u00fcstlenece\u011fine inanmak istiyorum.<\/p>\n
D\u0130PNOTLAR<\/strong>
\n1)<\/strong> Zengezur kazas\u0131, 1923\u2019te olu\u015fturulan K\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan arazilerinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapsamaktayd\u0131. Bu kaza 1868\u2019de kurulan Yelizavetpol eyaleti i\u00e7erisine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, 1921\u2019de a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 kesimi Azerbaycan\u2019a, di\u011fer bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise Ermenistan\u2019a dahil edilmi\u015ftir. \u201cZengi\u201d bir K\u00fcrd a\u015firetinin ismi, \u201czur\u201d K\u00fcrt\u00e7e ta\u015fl\u0131k, c\u0131ng\u0131ll\u0131 yer, \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rak, \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rdak demektir. \u201cZengezur\u201d toponimi, \u201czur\u201dda, yani ta\u015fl\u0131k, arazide ya\u015fayan Zengiler anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.
\n2)<\/strong> Yelizavetpol guberniyas\u0131 (eyalet, valilik) 1868 y\u0131l\u0131nda olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, bu d\u00f6nemde Kafkasya\u2019da K\u00fcrtlerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 temel b\u00f6lgeler, K\u0131z\u0131l K\u00fcrdistan topraklar\u0131 dahil, bu inzibat\u0131 arazi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7erisine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1921 y\u0131l\u0131nda valilik 8 kazaya ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bunlardan 6\u2019s\u0131 Azerbaycan SSC dahilinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Esasta K\u00fcrtlerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Zengezur kazas\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Ermenistan\u2019a tabi edilmi\u015ftir. (Daniel M\u00fcler \u201c1920-1991 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Sovyet Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131nda K\u00fcrtler\u201d Cantral Asian Survey, 2000, s., 41-77)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"HEJARE’ Şamil Kurdist.ru, 29 Nisan 2009 Tarihçi, gazeteci, Rusya ve Uluslar Arası Gazeteciler Federasyonu üyesi, Rusça www.kurdist.ru sitesinin genel yayın yönetmeni Letif Memmed Bruki ile Kafkasya’daki son gelişmeler ve bu bölgede yaşayan Kürtlerin tarihiyle ilgili konuları ele aldık. Hejarê Şamil: Kek Letif, tarihçisiniz ve yaşamınızı Kürtlerin, özellikle Kafkasya Kürdistan’ı tarihinin araştırılmasına adamışsınız. 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