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Prof. Dr. Ufuk Tavkul<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n Kafkas da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek zirvesi Elbruz (Mingi Tav<\/i>) ve \u00e7evresindeki y\u00fcksek da\u011fl\u0131k arazide ya\u015fayan Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar (Kara\u00e7ay-Balkarlar), tarih boyunca Kafkasya\u2019da h\u00e2kimiyet kuran Kimmer, \u0130skit, Hun, Bulgar, Alan, Hazar, K\u0131p\u00e7ak gibi proto-T\u00fcrk, Hint-Avrupa (\u0130ran) ve eski T\u00fcrk kavimleri ile \u00e7e\u015fitli Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131n etnik ve sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesinden ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir Kafkasya halk\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n CO\u011eRAF\u0130 YAPI<\/p>\n <\/b>Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar halk\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lge do\u011fuda \u00c7erek<\/i> Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kaynak havzas\u0131ndan bat\u0131da Laba<\/i> Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kaynak havzas\u0131na kadar uzanan ve Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en sarp ve y\u00fcksek b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc meydana getiren da\u011fl\u0131k arazidir.<\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar ve Malkarl\u0131lar birbirinden farkl\u0131 etnik k\u00f6kene, dile, k\u00fclt\u00fcre ve tarihe sahip iki ayr\u0131 halk de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 dil, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve tarihi payla\u015fan bir Kafkas<\/b> halk\u0131d\u0131r. Kara\u00e7ay ve Malkar adlar\u0131 bu boyun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki co\u011fraf\u00ee b\u00f6lgenin adlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar \u00fclkesi, Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n Orta Kafkaslar olarak bilinen merkez\u00ee k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n de\u011fil, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n da en y\u00fcksek da\u011flar\u0131 Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar topraklar\u0131 i\u00e7indedir. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 Mingi Tav<\/i> (Elbruz 5.642 mt), D\u0131h Tav<\/i> (5.203 mt), Ko\u015ftan Tav<\/i> (5.145 mt), U\u015fba<\/i>, Dombay \u00d6lgen<\/i> gibi zirvelerdir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n 2.200 metreye kadar \u00e7am, ladin ve k\u00f6knar ormanlar\u0131yla kapl\u0131 olan Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n daha yukar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda otlak ve \u00e7ay\u0131rlar yer al\u0131r. 3.000 metreden yukar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar buzullarla kapl\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 vadilerde buzullar\u0131n 2.000 metreye kadar indi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kafkaslar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck buzullar\u0131 olan Alibek, Amanavuz, Uzunkol, Ullukam, Tonguzorun, Azav, B\u0131z\u0131ng\u0131, D\u0131hsuv buzullar\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgede yer al\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0131rmaklar\u0131 Mingi Tav (Elbruz) buzullar\u0131ndan do\u011fmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan Hurzuk, Ullu Kam ve U\u00e7kulan \u0131rmaklar\u0131 birle\u015ferek Kara\u00e7ay\u2019\u0131n U\u00e7kulan k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda Koban (Kuban<\/i>) ad\u0131n\u0131 almaktad\u0131r. Kara\u00e7ay da\u011flar\u0131ndan do\u011fan Duvut, Teberdi, Arh\u0131z, Morh, Zelen\u00e7uk (\u0130n\u00e7ik), Laba, Urup \u0131rmaklar\u0131 da Kuban Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 beslemektedir. Biy\u00e7es\u0131n yaylas\u0131ndan do\u011fan Hudes, Calankol, Amankol, \u0130ndi\u015f, Mara \u0131rmaklar\u0131 da Kuban Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019na sa\u011f taraftan (do\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnden) kar\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Mingi Tav (Elbruz) buzullar\u0131ndan do\u011fan Malka ve Bashan \u0131rmaklar\u0131, daha do\u011fudan do\u011fan \u00c7egem, Holam-B\u0131z\u0131ng\u0131 ve \u00c7erek \u0131rmaklar\u0131 ile beraber Terek<\/i> Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019na kar\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Kara\u00e7ay\u2019\u0131n kuzeyindeki Biy\u00e7es\u0131n yaylas\u0131ndan do\u011fan Kuma (Gum<\/i>) Irma\u011f\u0131 da Hazar denizine d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar b\u00f6lgesinin kuzeyindeki d\u00fczl\u00fcklerde Adigey-Kabardey-Abaza b\u00f6lgeleri yer al\u0131r. G\u00fcney k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 ba\u015ftanba\u015fa Kafkas s\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131 ile kapl\u0131d\u0131r ve da\u011flar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda Abhazya ve G\u00fcrc\u00fc-Svanetya b\u00f6lgeleri ile kom\u015fudurlar. Tonguzorun, Mahar, Kluhor, Morh, San\u00e7ar adl\u0131 da\u011f ge\u00e7itleri Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar\u2019\u0131 Abhazya ve G\u00fcrc\u00fc-Svanetya b\u00f6lgelerine ba\u011flar. Do\u011fular\u0131nda ise Osetya yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kendilerine Tavlu<\/i><\/b> (Da\u011fl\u0131) ad\u0131n\u0131 veren Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar, ayr\u0131ca kendi aralar\u0131nda kendilerini ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 vadilerin adlar\u0131na g\u00f6re Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar, Bashanl\u0131lar, \u00c7egemliler, Holaml\u0131lar, B\u0131z\u0131ng\u0131l\u0131lar ve Malkarl\u0131lar olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli z\u00fcmrelere ay\u0131r\u0131rlar. \u201cBalkar<\/i>\u201d ad\u0131 Bashan, \u00c7egem, Holam, B\u0131z\u0131ng\u0131 ve Malkar vadilerinde ya\u015fayan da\u011fl\u0131lar\u0131 tek bir isim alt\u0131nda toplamak isteyen Sovyet y\u00f6netimi taraf\u0131ndan uydurulmu\u015f sun\u00ee bir etnik isim ve millet ad\u0131d\u0131r. Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar ayr\u0131ca kendileri i\u00e7in Alan<\/i><\/b> ad\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r ve birbirlerine \u201cAlan\u201d diye hitap ederler.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n AVRUPA VE RUS KAYNAKLARINDA KARA\u00c7AY-MALKARLILAR<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze gelene kadar Avrupa ve Rus kaynaklar\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli adlarla an\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1404 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kafkasya\u2019da bulunan ba\u015fpiskopos Johannes de Galonifontibus Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lara Kara \u00c7erkesler<\/i><\/b> ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. 1635 y\u0131l\u0131nda A.Lamberti de Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lara \u201cKara \u00c7erkes<\/i>\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Tatarlar da Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lara \u201cKara \u00c7erkes<\/i>\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verirlerdi.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lara kendi dillerinde Da\u011fl\u0131<\/em><\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelen Ku\u015fha<\/em><\/strong> ad\u0131n\u0131 veren Kabardeyler onlar\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re \u201cKar\u015faga Ku\u015fha<\/em>\u201d, \u201c\u00c7egem<\/em> (\u015eecem) Ku\u015fha<\/em>\u201d ve \u201cBalkar Ku\u015fha<\/em>\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Kafkas halklar\u0131 Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015fik etnik isimler kullanmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Adigeler Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar i\u00e7in Kara\u015fey<\/em><\/strong> ve Ku\u015fha<\/em><\/strong>, Abhazlar Akara\u00e7<\/em><\/strong>, Abazalar Kar\u00e7a<\/em><\/strong>, G\u00fcrc\u00fc-Svanlar Mukr\u00e7ay<\/em><\/strong>, Osetler Asi<\/em><\/strong>, G\u00fcrc\u00fc-Megreller Alani<\/em><\/strong> adlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rlar. G\u00fcrc\u00fcler de onlara \u201cKara\u00e7ioli<\/em>\u201d derler.<\/p>\n Malkarl\u0131lar i\u00e7in G\u00fcrc\u00fcler Basiyani<\/em><\/strong>, G\u00fcrc\u00fc-Svanlar Sabir<\/em><\/strong>, Abhazlar Azuho<\/em><\/strong>, Osetler Asson<\/em><\/strong>, Kabardeyler Balkar<\/em><\/strong> ve Ku\u015fha<\/em><\/strong> adlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ay Halk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130sim Babas\u0131: Kar\u00e7a<\/strong><\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar Kara\u00e7ay<\/em> ad\u0131n\u0131n efsanev\u00ee cedleri Kar\u00e7a<\/em><\/strong>\u2019n\u0131n ad\u0131ndan geldi\u011fine inanmaktad\u0131rlar. Halk aras\u0131nda ya\u015fayan efsaneye g\u00f6re, Elbruz Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fusundaki Bashan vadisinde ya\u015famakta olan Kar\u00e7a, burada sava\u015fmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kabardeylerin bask\u0131s\u0131 sonucunda, beraberindeki Adurhay<\/em><\/strong>, Budyan<\/em><\/strong> ve Navruz<\/em><\/strong> klanlar\u0131yla birlikte Elbruz Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan Kuban Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kaynak havzas\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgeye, yani g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Kara\u00e7ay topraklar\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7 eder. Kar\u00e7a\u2019n\u0131n kabilesine Abazalardan Tram<\/em><\/strong>, Megrellerden Hubiy<\/em><\/strong>, Svanlardan \u00d6zden<\/em><\/strong> ve K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019dan Bota\u015f<\/em><\/strong> soylar\u0131 da kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu arada, sava\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 Kabardey prensleriyle aralar\u0131nda kan davas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrmemesi i\u00e7in, Kabardeylerin Toh\u00e7uk<\/em><\/strong> (Doh\u015fuk<\/em><\/strong>) ve Tambiy<\/em><\/strong> s\u00fcl\u00e2lesinden iki delikanl\u0131 Kafkas geleneklerine uygun olarak Kar\u00e7a\u2019n\u0131n kabilesine kat\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bunlar\u0131n soyundan Kara\u00e7ay\u2019da iki b\u00fcy\u00fck soy ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Kar\u00e7a<\/em><\/strong> ad\u0131 zamanla de\u011fi\u015ferek Kara\u00e7ay<\/em><\/strong> \u015feklini al\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar Elbruz Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bat\u0131 eteklerinde, Kuban Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kaynak havzas\u0131nda yer alan Hurzuk, U\u00e7kulan, Kart Curt k\u00f6yleri ile, daha bat\u0131daki Duvut, Teberdi, Morh, Ishavat, Urup, Laba \u0131rmaklar\u0131n\u0131n yukar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda yer alan k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015farlar. Mara, C\u00f6getey, Zelen\u00e7uk vadilerinde de Kara\u00e7ay k\u00f6yleri yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Malkarl\u0131lar Elbruz Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu eteklerindeki Bashan vadisi ile daha do\u011fuya do\u011fru yer alan \u00c7egem, Holam-B\u0131z\u0131ng\u0131 ve Malkar (\u00c7erek) vadilerinin yukar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 ile K\u00f6ndelen, Aksuv, Hasaniya, Ka\u015fha Tav, Karasuv, Gerpegej k\u00f6ylerinde ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda Avrupa kaynaklar\u0131ndaki ilk bilgiler 1404 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kafkasya\u2019da bulunan Johannes de Galonifontibus\u2019un notlar\u0131d\u0131r. Galonifontibus \u201cKara \u00c7erkesler\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda \u015fu bilgileri verir:<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7erkesya ya da Zikia ad\u0131 verilen \u00fclke, Karadeniz\u2019in arkas\u0131ndaki da\u011flar\u0131n eteklerinde uzan\u0131r. Burada iki de\u011fi\u015fik halk ya\u015far. Y\u00fcksek da\u011flar\u0131n \u00fczerindeki vadilerde ya\u015fayan halk Kara \u00c7erkesler<\/strong>\u2019dir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131larda deniz kenar\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar ise Beyaz \u00c7erkesler\u2019dir. Kara \u00c7erkesleri hi\u00e7 kimse ziyaret etmez. Onlar da tuz ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131laman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 asla terketmezler. Kara \u00c7erkeslerin kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir dilleri vard\u0131r\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n 1635-1653 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Kafkasya\u2019da bulunan \u0130talyan misyoner A.Lamberti Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u015funlar\u0131 yazmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cKafkas\u2019\u0131n kuzey eteklerinde Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar (Kara\u00e7ioli\u2019ler) ya da Kara \u00c7erkesler<\/strong> ad\u0131 verilen halk ya\u015far. Onlara bu ad ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 da\u011flarda g\u00f6k daima bulutlu ve karanl\u0131k oldu\u011fundan verilmi\u015ftir. Dilleri T\u00fcrk dilidir, fakat h\u0131zl\u0131 konu\u015ftuklar\u0131nda anlamak zordur. Beni hayrete d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren \u015fey, bu kadar garip dilleri konu\u015fan \u00e7e\u015fitli milletlerin ortas\u0131nda Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar T\u00fcrk dilinin safl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l korumu\u015flard\u0131r? Kafkaslar\u0131n kuzeyinde eskiden Hun T\u00fcrkleri ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar da Hunlar\u0131n bir dal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eimdiye kadar eski dillerini korumu\u015flard\u0131r\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n 1643 y\u0131l\u0131nda Terek b\u00f6lgesindeki Rus ordusu komutan\u0131 M.\u0130.Volinskiy yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir raporda \u201cMalkar\u201d k\u00f6yleri ve Be\u015ftav (Pyatigorsk) yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ya\u015famakta olan \u201cKara\u00e7ayl\u0131 \u00c7erkesler\u201d hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermektedir.<\/p>\n 19.y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda Kafkasya ve G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131 gezen Avrupal\u0131 bilimadam\u0131 J.Klaproth Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131larla ilgili \u015fu bilgileri vermektedir:<\/p>\n \u201cAdigeler (\u00c7erkesler) bunlara Kar\u015faga Ku\u015fha<\/strong> derler. Tatarlar ise Kara \u00c7erkes<\/strong> ad\u0131n\u0131 verirler. Onlar Kabardeylerden \u00f6nce Kabardey\u2019e yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdi. Kara\u00e7ay ad\u0131n\u0131 beyleri Kar\u00e7a\u2019n\u0131n ad\u0131ndan al\u0131rlar. Mingi Tav dedikleri Elbruz Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kuzey eteklerinde ya\u015farlar. Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n en g\u00fczel milletlerindendirler. Beyaz tenleri, siyah g\u00f6zleri, belirgin g\u00fczel hatlar\u0131 ve m\u00fckemmel bir v\u00fccut yap\u0131lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7ebe Tatar ve Nogaylar\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fclen bas\u0131k suratlar, \u00e7ekik g\u00f6zler onlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. Mo\u011fol \u0131rklar\u0131 ile bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 yoktur. G\u00fcrc\u00fclere benzerler.<\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar kom\u015fular\u0131 \u00c7erkes (Adige) ve Abazalar\u0131n aksine ya\u011fmac\u0131l\u0131k ve soygunculu\u011fa \u00f6nem vermezler. H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k ve doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kelimeleri onlar aras\u0131nda n\u00e2dir duyulur. C\u00f6mert ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkand\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Genel olarak Kafkasya\u2019daki en uygar toplum olduklar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Beylerine son derece ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Fakirlere kar\u015f\u0131 c\u00f6merttirler. Zenginler fakirleri hor g\u00f6rmezler, onlara \u00f6k\u00fczlerini \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 verirler.<\/p>\n Bashanl\u0131lar Bashan Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yukar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda ya\u015farlar. \u00c7egemliler \u00c7egem ve \u015eavdan \u0131rmaklar\u0131ndan Bashan\u2019a uzanan y\u00fcksek karl\u0131 da\u011flarda ya\u015farlar. Malkarl\u0131lara Kabardeyler Balkar Ku\u015fha, G\u00fcrc\u00fcler Basiyani derler. Bunlar \u00c7erek, Psigon, Aruvan \u0131rmaklar\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda otururlar. B\u0131z\u0131ng\u0131 da Malkar say\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek yerlerde ya\u015farlar. Bunlara \u00e7ok tehlikeli yollardan sonra ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n 1848 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kara\u00e7ay\u2019da bulunan Rus tarih\u00e7isi G.Tokarev onlar\u0131n etnik k\u00f6kenlerini K\u0131p\u00e7aklara ba\u011flar. Bu konuda Tokarev \u015funlar\u0131 yazmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cBu topraklarda Komanlar<\/strong> (Kuman-K\u0131p\u00e7aklar) ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar. Onlar kendi beylerine piramit \u015feklinde sivri \u00e7at\u0131l\u0131 evler in\u015fa etmi\u015fler. Koban (Kuban) Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ad\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesiz Komanlar\u2019dan kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n en g\u00fczel milletlerinden biridir. Bunlar\u0131n y\u00fczleri Tatar, Mo\u011fol ve Nogaylarla hi\u00e7bir benzerlik g\u00f6stermez. Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar Adige (\u00c7erkes)\u2019lerden \u00f6nce Kabardey\u2019e yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdir. Kendi a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131ndan Bashan (Baksan)\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131na dair rivayetler dinledim\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n 1850\u2019li y\u0131llarda Kara\u00e7ay\u2019da bulunan Rus asker\u00ee g\u00f6revlisi V. \u015eevstov \u015funlar\u0131 yazmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cKara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar Elbruz Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ete\u011finde, y\u00fcksek yerlerde ya\u015farlar. Say\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ok olmasa da \u00e7ok yi\u011fittirler. Kendileri hi\u00e7bir zaman d\u00fc\u015fmana ma\u011flup olmazlar. Onlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fman kom\u015fular\u0131 Kuban\u2019\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131nda Ba\u015filbiy, Tatar, Abzeh, \u015eaps\u0131\u011f, Natuhay, Besleney, Ub\u0131h ve Abazalar, sol taraflar\u0131nda ise Kabardeylerdir\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n 1870\u2019li y\u0131llarda Rus idarecisi olarak Kara\u00e7ay\u2019da bulunan G. Petrov, onlar hakk\u0131nda \u015fu bilgileri vermektedir:<\/p>\n \u201cKara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu orta boylu, sa\u011flam yap\u0131l\u0131, esmer, geni\u015f omuzludur. B\u00fct\u00fcn da\u011fl\u0131larda fark edilen a\u00e7\u0131k, hayat dolu g\u00f6zleri vard\u0131r. Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar da\u011flar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda h\u00fcz\u00fcnleniyorlar, solan \u00e7i\u00e7eklere benziyorlar. D\u00fcz yerler onlara \u00e7irkin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n 1890\u2019li y\u0131llarda Kara\u00e7ay\u2019da bulunan N.Aleksandrovi\u00e7 \u015etof, Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar\u2019\u0131n m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olu\u015flar\u0131 ile ilgili \u015fu bilgileri vermektedir:<\/p>\n \u201c17. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki sava\u015fa kadar Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar, derin da\u011f vadilerinde putperest olarak ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar. K\u0131r\u0131m Han\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019da isl\u00e2m dinini yaymak i\u00e7in iki b\u00f6l\u00fck asker g\u00f6ndermi\u015f. Zelen\u00e7uk Irma\u011f\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Adige (\u00c7erkes) k\u00f6ylerini isl\u00e2m dinine sokmu\u015flar. Kuban Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ise \u015fimdiye kadar hi\u00e7 kimseye boyun e\u011fmeyen Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lara rastlam\u0131\u015flar. Yurtlar\u0131n\u0131, h\u00fcrriyetlerini korumak i\u00e7in Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar Marca<\/strong> adl\u0131 kutsal putlar\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7 alarak d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koymu\u015flar. K\u0131r\u0131m Han\u0131\u2019n\u0131n askerleri isl\u00e2miyeti Kara\u00e7ay\u2019a zorla kabul ettiremeden geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015fler. \u0130sl\u00e2miyet ancak 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonunda Kara\u00e7ay\u2019a girmi\u015f\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n A.Byhan Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar\u2019\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cMezarl\u0131klar\u0131 ta\u015f duvarlarla \u00e7evrilidir. Teberdi y\u00f6resinde mezarlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde piramit ya da daire bi\u00e7iminde kal\u0131n ta\u015flar vard\u0131r. \u0130slamiyet 1782 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130sl\u00e2miyeti benimsemelerine ra\u011fmen do\u011fa \u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lere inan\u0131rlar. Kendilerine g\u00f6re da\u011f tanr\u0131lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Eliya bunlar\u0131n en \u00f6nemlisidir. O\u2019nun \u015ferefine t\u00f6renler d\u00fczenler, dans ederler, kurban keserler. Di\u011fer Kafkas toplumlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi kutsal a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ve kutsal su kaynaklar\u0131 vard\u0131r\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n 1886 y\u0131l\u0131nda Elbruz Da\u011f\u0131\u2019na t\u0131rmanmak i\u00e7in Bashan vadisinin yukar\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar soylar\u0131ndan Orusbiylerin k\u00f6ylerine gelen Rus ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 S.Davidovi\u00e7, Da\u011fl\u0131 Kabardeyler<\/strong> ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar halk\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015funlar\u0131 yazmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cDa\u011f Kabardeyleri dilleri, \u00e2detleri ile ovada ya\u015fayan Kabardeylerden tamamen ba\u015fkad\u0131rlar. Milletin temiz kalplili\u011fi, derin zek\u00e2s\u0131, soylar\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koyu\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6rnek al\u0131nacak derecededir. Bu tabiat \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ne kadar sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve g\u00fczel bir millettir\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n Yerli (Otokton) Halklar\u0131 Meselesi ve Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar<\/p>\n <\/strong>Konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 dilin K\u0131p\u00e7ak grubuna giren bir T\u00fcrk leh\u00e7esi olmas\u0131 ve yerel k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinde Altay-Sibirya\u2019ya kadar uzanan eski T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00f6zelliklerinin bulunmas\u0131 sebebiyle, Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar kendilerini Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n as\u0131l yerli (otokton) halk\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcren baz\u0131 unsurlar taraf\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015flanmaktad\u0131rlar. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede olanlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne g\u00f6re, Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar 12-13. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Kafkasya\u2019ya gelen K\u0131p\u00e7ak T\u00fcrklerinin torunlar\u0131d\u0131rlar ve otokton Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131n egemen k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda asimile olarak onlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini, gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklerini kabul etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n Bilimsel hi\u00e7bir temeli ve dayana\u011f\u0131 olmayan bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, ilmi seviyedeki pek \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmayla \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, aksine Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar halk\u0131n\u0131n etnik atalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan Hun-Bulgar, Hazar ve K\u0131p\u00e7ak T\u00fcrklerinin Kafkasya halklar\u0131n\u0131n etnik ve sosyal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 derinden etkiledi\u011fini, Kafkas k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u015fekillendirdi\u011fini ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Antropolojik ve arkeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar halk\u0131n\u0131n etnik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tarih boyunca \u00e7e\u015fitli katmanlardan olu\u015ftu\u011funu belgelemektedir. En alt katman\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n eski halklar\u0131n\u0131n meydana getirdi\u011fi Orta Kafkaslardaki Koban K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong> meydana getirmektedir. Koban K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, Kimmer, \u0130skit, Sarmat ve Alan gibi hen\u00fcz Hint-Avrupa m\u0131 yoksa Proto-T\u00fcrk m\u00fc olduklar\u0131 bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda kan\u0131tlanamam\u0131\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7ebe bozk\u0131r kavimlerinin kuzeyden Kafkasya\u2019ya giri\u015fleriyle yeni bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kavimler b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar\u0131n ve Osetlerin ya\u015famakta olduklar\u0131 Orta Kafkaslar\u0131n dar ve ge\u00e7it vermez da\u011f bo\u011fazlar\u0131nda yerle\u015fmi\u015fler ve eski Koban K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerine bozk\u0131r-g\u00f6\u00e7ebe k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn zenginli\u011fini katm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n M.\u00d6. 7. y\u00fczy\u0131l ile M.S. 2. y\u00fczy\u0131l aras\u0131ndaki bu d\u00f6nemde Orta Kafkaslarda Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar ve Oset halklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel temellerini atan ve etnik yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bi\u00e7imlendiren farkl\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar ve Oset halklar\u0131n\u0131n etnik yap\u0131lar\u0131ndaki ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerindeki ortak ikinci katman\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. M.S. 3. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Hun T\u00fcrklerinin kuzeyden Kafkasya\u2019y\u0131 istila etmeleri ve bu topraklarda hakimiyet kurmalar\u0131yla Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar halk\u0131n\u0131 di\u011fer Kafkas halklar\u0131ndan ay\u0131ran \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc etnik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel katman ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kuban Irma\u011f\u0131 boylar\u0131nda egemenlik kuran Hunlar\u0131n Bulgar boyu b\u00f6lgedeki Abhaz-Adige ve Oset halklar\u0131n\u0131n atalar\u0131n\u0131 derinden etkilerken, T\u00fcrk dili konu\u015fan bir etnik toplulu\u011fun Orta Kafkaslardaki temellerini de atm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bunlar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar etnik kimli\u011fine sahip Orta Kafkaslar\u0131n sarp ve derin vadilerinde yerle\u015fmi\u015f olan Da\u011fl\u0131lard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar etnik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc katman\u0131 olu\u015fturan T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli kavimlere Hun-Bulgar T\u00fcrklerinden sonra Hazarlar ve son olarak K\u0131p\u00e7aklar kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu sebeple, Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi ana hatlar\u0131yla K\u0131p\u00e7ak \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131rken, onda Hun-Bulgar, Alan, Hazar, \u0130skit izlerini ve eski Kafkas dillerinin s\u00f6z varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n K\u0131p\u00e7ak T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Orta Asyal\u0131 Kazaklar, Karakalpaklar, K\u0131rg\u0131zlar, \u0130dil-Urall\u0131 Tatarlar ve Ba\u015fkurtlar, K\u0131r\u0131m ve civar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan K\u0131r\u0131m Tatarlar\u0131 ve Nogaylar taraf\u0131ndan da konu\u015fulmaktad\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu halklar antropolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan Mongoloid \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131rlar. Oysa ki, Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar antropolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan bu halklardan tamamen farkl\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmdedirler.<\/p>\n 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Klaproth, Tokarev, Wagner gibi Avrupal\u0131 ve Rus gezginler Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar\u0131n antropolojik tiplerinin Tatar, Mo\u011fol ve Nogaylarla hi\u00e7bir benzerlik g\u00f6stermedi\u011fini, Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar\u0131n Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n en g\u00fczel milletlerinden biri olduklar\u0131n\u0131 yazmaktad\u0131rlar. Bu gezginler Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7ebe Nogay ve Tatarlarda oldu\u011fu gibi bas\u0131k suratlara ve \u00e7ekik g\u00f6zlere rastlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydetmektedirler.<\/p>\n Antropolojik verilere g\u00f6re Kafkasya halklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kafkasion<\/em><\/strong> (Kafkasl\u0131), Pontus<\/em><\/strong> (Karadeniz) ve Kaspi<\/em><\/strong> (Hazar) antropolojik tipi olarak \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 antropolojik tip bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Orta Kafkaslardaki Kafkasion<\/strong> antropolojik tipi, antropologlar taraf\u0131ndan Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n yerli k\u00f6kenden gelen en eski antropolojik tipi olarak kabul edilir. \u0130lgin\u00e7 olan nokta \u015fudur ki, bu antropolojik tip Orta Kafkaslarda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e k\u00f6kenli bir dil konu\u015fan Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar ile \u0130ran k\u00f6kenli bir dil konu\u015fan Osetlerin mensup olduklar\u0131 ve onlar taraf\u0131ndan temsil edilen antropolojik tiptir.<\/p>\n Kafkasion<\/em><\/strong> antropolojik tipi yerel Kafkas \u00f6zellikleri ta\u015f\u0131rken, Adige ve Abhazlar\u0131n dahil oldu\u011fu Pontus<\/em><\/strong> ve \u00c7e\u00e7en-\u0130ngu\u015f, Avar, Lezgi halklar\u0131n\u0131n mensup olduklar\u0131 Kaspi<\/em><\/strong> tiplerinin \u00d6n Asya\u2019da benzerlerinin bulunmas\u0131, bu iki tipin k\u00f6keninin \u00d6n Asya ve Anadolu\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve Karadeniz ve Hazar Denizi k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 boyunca g\u00fcneyden Kafkasya\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7 ettikleri tezini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmektedir.<\/p>\n Bu durumda \u00d6n Asya ile benzerlik ta\u015f\u0131yan Pontus ve Kaspi antropolojik tipine sahip etnik topluluklar Ta\u015f Devri sonlar\u0131nda g\u00fcneyden iki farkl\u0131 yol izleyerek Kafkasya\u2019ya girmi\u015fler ve yeni dil ve antropolojik \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131yan bu g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin Kafkasya\u2019da ya\u015famakta olan yerli n\u00fcfusla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fme s\u00fcreci ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonucunda Adige-Abhaz<\/strong> ve \u00c7e\u00e7en-Da\u011f\u0131stan<\/strong> halklar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve onlar\u0131n etnik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ikinci katman\u0131n\u0131 \u00d6n Asya ve Anadolu\u2019nun eski halklar\u0131 olan Hattiler<\/strong> ve Hurri-Urartular<\/strong> olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar ve Oset halklar\u0131n\u0131n etnik yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n temeli ise Orta Kafkaslardaki Kafkasion<\/em><\/strong> antropolojik tipinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu katman \u00fczerinde at\u0131l\u0131rken, onlar\u0131n etnik yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ikinci katman\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan Hint-Avrupa k\u00f6kenli bozk\u0131r-g\u00f6\u00e7ebe kavimleri kuzeyden Kafkasya\u2019ya gelmi\u015flerdir. Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da yine kuzeyden gelen T\u00fcrk kavimleri Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar etnik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc katman\u0131 te\u015fkil etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n Antropolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan elde edilen sonuca g\u00f6re Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar Kafkasya\u2019ya \u00f6zg\u00fc etnik ve sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler sonunda Kafkasya\u2019da ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, etnogenezleri Kafkasya\u2019ya s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 bir Kafkas halk\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim, Rus bilim adam\u0131 V.P. Alekseyev, Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lara Asyatik Mo\u011fol antropolojisinin kar\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir ve Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar\u0131n Kumuklar gibi fazla T\u00fcrk unsuru kar\u0131\u015fmaks\u0131z\u0131n bir T\u00fcrk leh\u00e7esini benimsemi\u015f Kafkasyal\u0131lar olduklar\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131r.<\/p>\n Adige (Kabardey) bilim adam\u0131 R. Betrozov\u2019a g\u00f6re Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar halk\u0131 Kafkas, \u0130ran (Hint-Avrupa) ve T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli \u00fc\u00e7 etnosun kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fmu\u015f bir etnik topluluk olmas\u0131na ve dillerinde \u00fcst katman\u0131n dili olan K\u0131p\u00e7ak (T\u00fcrk) dilinin hakim bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen,\u00a0 antropolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar halk\u0131nda Kafkas \u00f6zellikleri bask\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n Sovyetler Birli\u011fi d\u00f6neminde ikiye ay\u0131r\u0131lan Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar halk\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019da yer alan Kara\u00e7ay-\u00c7erkes \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi ve Kabardin-Balkar \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyeti s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar Rusya Federasyonuna ba\u011fl\u0131 Kara\u00e7ay-\u00c7erkes Cumhuriyetinde, Malkarl\u0131lar ise Kabardin-Balkar Cumhuriyetinde ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Kara\u00e7ayl\u0131lar yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 bin ki\u015filik bir n\u00fcfusa sahip iken, Malkarl\u0131lar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu da 130 bine yak\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar Kafkasya d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, 1943-1944 y\u0131llar\u0131nda s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderildikleri Orta Asya\u2019da, Kazakistan, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan ve \u00d6zbekistan\u2019da yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 bin ki\u015filik bir n\u00fcfusa sahiptirler. 1886 ve 1905 y\u0131llar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 bin ki\u015fidirler. Ankara, Eski\u015fehir, Afyon, \u0130zmir, Bolvadin, Turhal ve Konya – Ba\u015fh\u00fcy\u00fck\u2019te kurduklar\u0131 Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar K\u00fclt\u00fcr dernekleri etraf\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015flerdir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, Suriye\u2019de \u015eam civar\u0131nda 1500, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletlerinde de yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 bin Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131 ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. New Jersey-Paterson\u2019da AKBA (Amerikan Kara\u00e7ay Dayan\u0131\u015fma Derne\u011fi) ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir dernekleri vard\u0131r. Rusya\u2019da Moskova \u015fehrinde de yakla\u015f\u0131k bin kadar Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r ve Elbrusoid adl\u0131 bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr derne\u011fi etraf\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015flerdir. Konya \/ Saray\u00f6n\u00fc: Ba\u015fh\u00fcy\u00fck<\/p>\n Ankara \/ G\u00f6lba\u015f\u0131: Ya\u011fl\u0131p\u0131nar<\/p>\n Eski\u015fehir \/ Sivrihisar: Yakap\u0131nar (Ertu\u011frul)<\/p>\n Eski\u015fehir \/ \u00c7ifteler: Belp\u0131nar<\/p>\n Eski\u015fehir \/ Han: Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya<\/p>\n Eski\u015fehir \/ Han: Kilisa (G\u00f6k\u00e7eyayla)<\/p>\n Eski\u015fehir \/ Han: Agasar (Akhisar)<\/p>\n Afyon \/ \u0130scehisar: Do\u011flat<\/p>\n Kayseri \/ P\u0131narba\u015f\u0131: E\u011fris\u00f6\u011f\u00fct<\/p>\n Tokat \/ Re\u015fadiye: \u00c7ilehane<\/p>\n Tokat \/ Sulusaray: Arpac\u0131 Kara\u00e7ay<\/p>\n Sivas \/ Y\u0131ld\u0131zeli: Emirler<\/p>\n Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Yalova \u00c7iftlikk\u00f6y\u2019de, Konya Ere\u011fli\u2019de, Tokat Turhal\u2019da, Afyon Bolvadin\u2019de Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. \u0130zmir\u2019in Mehtap mahallesinde de yo\u011fun bir n\u00fcfusa sahiptirler.<\/p>\n Prof. Dr. Ufuk Tavkul Kafkas dağlarının en yüksek zirvesi Elbruz (Mingi Tav) ve çevresindeki yüksek dağlık arazide yaşayan Karaçay-Malkarlılar (Karaçay-Balkarlar), tarih boyunca Kafkasya’da hâkimiyet kuran Kimmer, İskit, Hun, Bulgar, Alan, Hazar, Kıpçak gibi proto-Türk, Hint-Avrupa (İran) ve eski Türk kavimleri ile çeşitli Kafkas halklarının etnik ve sosyo-kültürel bütünleşmesinden ortaya çıkmış bir Kafkasya halkıdır. COĞRAFİ YAPI 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\nKazim Me\u00e7iyev\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130smail Semenov<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/arastirma\/0287-balkar\/14.GIF\")
<\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/arastirma\/0287-balkar\/15.GIF\")
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\n\u00c7okka Zalihanov\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Har\u015f\u0131m Aliyev ve e\u015fi<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/arastirma\/0287-balkar\/18.GIF\")
\n\u00a0Halit Toturkulov\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Abrek Hubiyev <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/arastirma\/0287-balkar\/19.GIF\")
\n Abrek Hubiyev<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/arastirma\/0287-balkar\/20.GIF\")
\n 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131nda Kart Curt k\u00f6y\u00fcnde Kara\u00e7ay Tamadalar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/arastirma\/0287-balkar\/21.GIF\")
\n19. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131nda Kart Curt k\u00f6y\u00fcnde Kara\u00e7ay d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc (toy)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/arastirma\/0287-balkar\/22.GIF\")
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\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Kara\u00e7ay-Malkar k\u00f6yleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/arastirma\/0287-balkar\/23.GIF\")
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