![](\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image4\/0223-meot.GIF\")
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CC – Literature and History<\/strong> Milat \u00f6ncesinde, Azak Denizi\u2019nin do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 ile Kuzey Kafkasya topraklar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fik halk topluluklar\u0131 (\u043b\u044a\u044d\u043f\u043a\u044a) bar\u0131n\u0131yorlard\u0131. Sindler, Zihler<\/strong> (\u0437\u0438\u0445), Dandariler, Tarpetler, Meotlar<\/strong> ve daha ba\u015fkalar\u0131 bunlar\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 idiler. <\/p>\n MEOTLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n Meotlar el sanatlar\u0131nda ileri gitmi\u015f, usta demirci ve iyi elbise, diki\u015f diken ki\u015filer olarak biliniyorlard\u0131. Herkes en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu mesle\u011fi ya da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fi belli eden bir soy ad\u0131 <\/strong>(\u043bI\u0430\u043a\u044a\u043e \u0433\u044a\u044d\u043d\u044d\u0444\u0430\u0433\u044a\u044d) ta\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Meotlar koyu dindar ki\u015filer idiler.<\/p>\n Meotlar d\u00fcnya\/do\u011fa g\u00fczelliklerine ve do\u011fa olaylar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem veriyorlard\u0131. G\u00fcne\u015fi, ya\u011fmur ve y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 y\u00f6neten tanr\u0131lar\u0131n varoldu\u011funa inan\u0131r ve onlara b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sayg\u0131 duyarlard\u0131. S\u0131k s\u0131k dini ayin ve t\u00f6renler (y\u043c\u044d\u0445\u044a\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d \u0437\u0435\u043aI\u043e\u043aI\u044d-\u0448I\u044b\u043aI\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0440) d\u00fczenliyorlard\u0131. Bu t\u00fcr ayin ve vaftiz\/ar\u0131nma i\u015flerini de ailenin (\u043bI\u0430\u043a\u044a\u043e\u2019nun) en ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6netirlerdi. \u00d6len akraba ve yak\u0131nlar i\u00e7in dini t\u00f6renler (\u0442\u0445\u044c\u044d\u043b\u044a\u044dI\u0443\u0445\u044d\u0440) d\u00fczenlenirdi. Toprak kaz\u0131l\u0131r, \u00f6l\u00fc k\u0131vr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\/b\u00fck\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f (\u0443\u0442I\u044bI\u0443\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0443) bi\u00e7imde topra\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ancak toprak atmadan \u00f6nce, de\u011fi\u015fik e\u015fyalar, kap kacak, silah ve giysiler de \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131na, mezara konurdu. \u00d6l\u00fcn\u00fcn bu yan\u0131na konanlar\u0131 gitti\u011fi\u00a0 d\u00fcnyada kullanaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlard\u0131. Birka\u00e7 hafta ya da bir ay sonra, \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011fu yerde toplan\u0131l\u0131r, el ele verilerek bir halka olu\u015fturulur, a\u011f\u0131tlar s\u00f6ylenerek ve a\u011flanarak mezar\u0131n etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6n\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n Meotlar g\u00fcne\u015fi, ate\u015fi, ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (\u043d\u044d\u0444\u044b\u043d\u044d\u043c) ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (\u0444\u0430\u0431\u044d\u043c) y\u00f6neten tek bir tanr\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funa inan\u0131rlard\u0131. Ate\u015fi and\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in cesetler boya d\u00f6k\u00fclerek k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya boyan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n Meotlar Kafkasya da\u011flar\u0131nda ve d\u00fczl\u00fcklerde bar\u0131n\u0131yorlard\u0131. Da\u011flarda ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n at s\u00fcr\u00fcleri vard\u0131 ve topra\u011f\u0131 i\u015fliyorlard\u0131. Ovalarda bar\u0131nan Meotlar ise hayvan besliyorlard\u0131. \u00d6nemli bir ekonomik u\u011fra\u015f da bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k idi.<\/p>\n SARMATLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n Bir \u0130ran dilinde konu\u015fan Sarmat topluluklar\u0131, M\u00d6 I. bin y\u0131lda Hazar Denizi\u2019nin kuzey k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 izleyerek bat\u0131ya do\u011fru ilerlediler, -Kuzeybat\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019ya- Kuban y\u00f6resine (\u041f\u0449\u044b\u0437\u044d \u0448\u044a\u043e\u043b\u044a\u044b\u0440) giri\u015f yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Sarmatlar bir birleriyle s\u00fcrekli \u00e7eki\u015fme ve \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde olan topluluklardan olu\u015fuyorlard\u0131. Her bir Sarmat toplulu\u011fu kendi \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Aralar\u0131ndaki bu t\u00fcr anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar sonucu par\u00e7aland\u0131lar. Aorslar<\/strong> (\u0430\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0445\u044d\u0440; Aorses), Siraklar, Alanlar,\u00a0 Roksolanlar<\/strong> ve Yaz\u0131glar<\/strong> en b\u00fcy\u00fck Sarmat topluluklar\u0131 idiler. M\u00d6 IV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Meotlar da kalabal\u0131k kitleler halinde Kuban y\u00f6resine biti\u015fik topraklara yerle\u015ftiler. Biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131n yazd\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re Sarmatlar silah kullanma ve silahl\u0131 sava\u015f tekni\u011finde ileri gitmi\u015flerdi, de\u011fi\u015fik\/\u00e7e\u015fitli silahlar\u0131 vard\u0131; silah kullanma yan\u0131nda binicilikte de ustayd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n Tehlikeli kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu bilen Meotlar da kendi aralar\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131 bir dayan\u0131\u015fma kurdular ve kendilerini savunmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu ba\u011flamda yeni yasalar \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar, geleneksel ili\u015fkilerini yeniden d\u00fczenlediler, ordular kurdular ve ordu komutanlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlediler (*).<\/p>\n Meotlar\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi silahlar Sarmatlar\u0131nkinden daha sert ve daha kaliteli\u00a0 idiler. Ancak s\u0131rf silahl\u0131 direni\u015f yoluyla kendilerini koruyamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 da anlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Meotlar dost\u00e7a gelenleri dost\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131yor, onlara hediyeler veriyor, dahas\u0131 ev verip onlar\u0131 aralar\u0131na yerle\u015ftiriyorlard\u0131. Ancak k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli olanlar\u0131 ve sald\u0131rganlar\u0131 da \u00e7ok sert bir bi\u00e7imde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yorlard\u0131. D\u00fc\u015fman say\u0131ca \u00e7ok fazlayd\u0131, bu nedenle Meotlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmanla ba\u015f etmeleri olanaks\u0131zd\u0131, yine de er ya da ge\u00e7, \u00f6\u00e7 almas\u0131n\u0131 da biliyorlard\u0131. \u0130\u00e7lerinden biri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, mutlaka \u00f6c\u00fc al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. Meotlar en b\u00fcy\u00fck cezay\u0131 ata mezarlar\u0131na sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kta bunanlara verirlerdi. B\u00f6yle bir sald\u0131r\u0131 ya da sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kta bulunan ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr, kafas\u0131n\u0131 keser, v\u00fccudunu ise yakarlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Bir Meot kendisine yap\u0131lan bir sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k veremeden \u00f6lecek olursa, \u00f6l\u00fc ki\u015fi ad\u0131na \u00f6c\u00fcn\u00fc almak akrabalar\u0131na kal\u0131rd\u0131. \u00d6\u00e7 al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken ki\u015fi (d\u00fc\u015fman) ya\u015famaya devam ederse, \u00f6l\u00fc Meot\u2019un \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcler D\u00fcnyas\u0131\u201d<\/strong>na (“\u043bI\u0430\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0445\u044d\u043c \u044f\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0439”) ula\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlard\u0131. Bu inan\u00e7 gere\u011fi, \u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn beklentisini yerine getirmek i\u00e7in yak\u0131nlar\u0131 zaman kaybetmemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131. SARMAT-MEOT \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130LER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Sarmatlarla ili\u015fkiler sonucu, Meot ordu diplomasisinde \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fim ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. \u00dc\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k bir zaman kesiti i\u00e7inde Meot ve Sarmat k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri tan\u0131\u015fmaya ve kar\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Her iki toplulu\u011fun uzun s\u00fcreli ve uyumlu beraberli\u011fi, b\u00f6yle bir sonucu do\u011furmu\u015f olmal\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130zleyen y\u0131llarda Sarmatlara ait \u00f6zellikler (\u0444\u044d\u043c\u044d-\u0431\u0436\u044c\u044b\u043c\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0440) Meotlar\u0131 etkilemeye (\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0445\u044c\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0443) ba\u015flad\u0131. M\u00d6 II. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131nda Meotlar\u0131n kulland\u0131klar\u0131 e\u015fyalar aras\u0131nda Sarmat silah, kap kacak, topra\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemede kullan\u0131lan ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7ler\u00a0 \u00e7o\u011falm\u0131\u015f durumdayd\u0131. Bu arada \u00f6l\u00fc g\u00f6mme bi\u00e7imi, gelene\u011fi de de\u011fi\u015fiklik ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n Ancak Sarmat etkileri Meotlar\u0131n dinsel inan\u00e7lar\u0131nda bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yaratamad\u0131.<\/p>\n Siraklar<\/strong> Meotlar aras\u0131na\/i\u00e7ine yerle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar, bunun bir sonucu olarak, Meotlar\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imlerinde (\u0448\u044d\u043d) de\u011fi\u015fiklikler g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. S\u0130NDLER<\/strong><\/p>\n Sindler en b\u00fcy\u00fck Meot topluluklar\u0131ndan biri idiler. M\u00d6 I. bin y\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda Taman Yar\u0131madas\u0131 ile Karadeniz\u2019in kuzeydo\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. M\u00d6 V. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Sindler bir krall\u0131k kurdular, krall\u0131\u011fa Sindika<\/strong> Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> denilir (Sindika<\/strong> \u015fimdiki Anapa<\/strong> yerindeydi) (**). Bir Meot toplulu\u011fu olarak, Sindler de tar\u0131m, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kla u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yor, el ve at\u00f6lye yap\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fik ve m\u00fckemmel e\u015fyalar \u00fcretiyorlard\u0131. Sindika k\u00f6leci bir devletti. M\u00d6 480 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ker\u00e7 Bo\u011faz\u0131<\/strong> k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Grek kentleri (kolonileri) kendi aralar\u0131nda birle\u015fip bir krall\u0131k kurdular. Bu yeni devlete de Bosporos Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> (Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131) ad\u0131 verildi. Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Pantikape<\/strong> kenti (Panticapaeum) idi.<\/p>\n Sindler Bosporos kentleri ile ticaret yap\u0131yorlard\u0131. Sind pazarlar\u0131 ve caddeleri Grek t\u00fcccarlar\u0131 ile doluydu. Greklere ekmek, bu\u011fday, s\u00fct ve meyve sat\u0131l\u0131yordu. Grekler ise pazarlardan k\u00f6le (\u043f\u0449\u044b\u043bI\u0445\u044d\u0440) sat\u0131n al\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Sindika evlerinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde Greklerin in\u015fa etti\u011fi amfiteatrlar bulunuyordu. Buralarda \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6steri, sportif yar\u0131\u015fma ve g\u00fcre\u015fler d\u00fczenleniyordu. Grekler Sind pazarlar\u0131na tuz, \u015farap (\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044d) ve de\u011fi\u015fik kuma\u015flar getirip sat\u0131yorlard\u0131. Greklerin davran\u0131\u015f ve gelenekleri, giyim ku\u015fam\u0131, silah ve konut in\u015fa tekni\u011fi, giderek Sindler aras\u0131nda da yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Greklerin resim ve yontu (heykelt\u0131ra\u015fl\u0131k) s\u0131rlar\u0131\/meslekleri Sindler taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n Bosporos y\u00f6neticileri Sindika\u2019y\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irme ve kendi topraklar\u0131na katma niyetlerini ta\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7in Sindlerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde bulundular, sonu\u00e7 alamay\u0131nca, M\u00d6 479 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bosporos ordular\u0131 Sindika\u2019ya girdiler. Belgelere g\u00f6re, \u201dBir g\u00fcn, g\u00fcn a\u011far\u0131rken, Sindika liman\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131na, asker bindirilmi\u015f Grek gemilerinin yana\u015fmakta olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc, bunun \u00fczerine kale kap\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya kapat\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak Sindli k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olarak kalede bar\u0131nmakta olan haydutlar (\u0431\u0437\u044d\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0448I\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0440), ans\u0131z\u0131n\u00a0 Sindli muhaf\u0131zlara sald\u0131r\u0131p kale kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131lar. Sindliler sert bir direni\u015fte bulundular, ancak \u00f6\u011fleye do\u011fru Sind direni\u015fi eridi ve kent d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u2026\u201d. Bu olay\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Sind gruplar\u0131 ve onlara yard\u0131m eden Meotlar Sindika\u2019y\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in ard\u0131 ard\u0131na, bir\u00e7ok kez Greklere sald\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u00c7arp\u0131\u015fmalar sonucu Sindika kalesi<\/strong> tahrip oldu. Bunun \u00fczerine Grekler ayn\u0131 yerde Gorgippia<\/strong> ad\u0131n\u0131 verdikleri yeni bir Grek kalesini kurdular.<\/p>\n Sindika da\u011f\u0131l\u0131nca, Meotlar ile Do\u011fu Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Zihler<\/strong> s\u0131k\u0131 bir dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7ine girdiler. Grekler k\u0131y\u0131daki bu insanlara Zihler (\u0417\u0438\u0445) diyorlard\u0131, ancak Bospor yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda ADZAHA<\/strong> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7ti\u011fini de g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz, bu s\u00f6zc\u00fck Adige \u201cAdzehler\u201d<\/strong>e (\u0430\u0434\u0437\u044d\u0445\u044dp) benziyor.<\/p>\n \u201cDzeler\u201d<\/strong> ya da \u201cDze halk\u0131\u201d<\/strong> (\u201c\u0434\u0437\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0440\u201d, \u0435 \u201c\u0434\u0437\u044d \u043b\u044a\u044d\u043f\u043a\u044a\u201d). Zihler kendilerine b\u00f6yle diyor olmal\u0131yd\u0131lar. Ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re, Adige ad\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015fe duyulan sayg\u0131dan t\u00fcremedir, oradan geliyor olmal\u0131. Eskiden \u201cA-d\u0131\u011fe\u201d= \u2018Ulus-g\u00fcne\u015f\u2019= \u2018G\u00fcne\u015f Ulusu\u2019 <\/strong> (\u201c\u0430-\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d\u201d -\u0442\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d\u043c \u0438\u043b\u044a\u044d\u043f\u043a\u044a) deyimi kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. \u0130talyan ve Grek belgelerinde, 15. y\u00fczy\u0131la dek Adigeler i\u00e7in Zih<\/strong> ad\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Adigelerin tarihi konusunda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda bulunmu\u015f olan \u0130nteriano<\/strong> \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yor: \u201d\u0130talyan, Grek ve Latin dillerinde onlara Zih <\/strong>deniyor, Tatarlar ve T\u00fcrkler ise, onlara \u00c7erkes <\/strong>diyorlar, Zihler ise\u00a0 kendilerine Adige<\/strong> diyorlar\u201d.<\/p>\n M\u00d6 438 y\u0131l\u0131na de\u011fin Meot ve Grekler aras\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Meotlar\u00a0 Bosporos kalelerine kesintisiz sald\u0131r\u0131larda bulunuyorlar. Ancak M\u00d6 438 y\u0131l\u0131nda Meot k\u00f6kenli Spartok I<\/strong>, Bosporos Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7iyor. Bundan sonra Zihler ve Grekler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar da son buluyor.<\/p>\n Bosporos-Meot ticari ili\u015fkileri giderek daha da geli\u015fiyor. Meotlar Bospor kentlerine ekmek satmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yorlar, eski Yunan kentlerine, bu arada Atina<\/strong>\u2019ya da g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ihra\u00e7 ediyorlar. Eski Yunan\/Grek k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc Meotlar aras\u0131nda yay\u0131l\u0131yor. Grek silahlar\u0131, alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f e\u015fyalar \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015flan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Z\u0130HLER<\/strong><\/p>\n M\u00d6 II. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Zih Prensi Stakhemfak<\/strong> (\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0444\u0430\u043a), Zihlerin d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc geli\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla, Roma \u0130mparatoru\u2019nun hizmetine girmi\u015f imi\u015f gibi (\u0438\u0443\u043d\u044dI\u0443\u0442 \u0444\u044d\u0434\u044d\u0443) yap\u0131yor. Zih beyleri (\u043f\u0449\u044b\u0445\u044d\u043c) kad\u0131n gruplar\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi yerler olu\u015fturuyorlar, de\u011fi\u015fik \u00fclkelerden getirtilmi\u015f olan y\u00fczlerce kad\u0131n bu gibi yerlere yerle\u015ftiriliyor.<\/p>\n Meot topluluklar\u0131 Zihlerle ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftiriyorlar. Zihler de Meotlar gibi hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k, tar\u0131m ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kla ge\u00e7imlerini sa\u011fl\u0131yorlar. Bu arada asma yeti\u015ftirmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor ve \u00fcz\u00fcm ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletiyorlar. Zihler gemi in\u015fa tekni\u011finde de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilerleme kaydediyorlar.<\/p>\n Zihler gemilerini Deniz Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Hatkh<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n (\u0425\u044c\u0430\u0442\u0445) resim ve fig\u00fcrleriyle s\u00fcsl\u00fcyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Zihiya\u2019da sert bir k\u00f6leci d\u00fczen vard\u0131. Ele ge\u00e7irdikleri k\u00f6leleri (y\u043d\u044dI\u0443\u0442\u0445\u044dp) Bosporos kentlerine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp sat\u0131yorlard\u0131. M\u00d6 I. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Zihler, Pontus Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131na bel ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f durumdayd\u0131lar. H\u0131rs\u0131z ve kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 ya\u011fmalamakta olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle, Zihlerin elinde bol miktarda alt\u0131n birikmi\u015f bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n (*)<\/strong> Ayn\u0131 d\u00fczenleme ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imi, \u00c7erkesya\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesi \u00f6ncesi Adigeleri aras\u0131nda da aynen s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Daha \u00e7ok bilgi i\u00e7in Bkz. \u00a0\u201cAdige Cumhuriyeti\u201d<\/strong>, Ruslar\u0131n Adigey\u2019i karadan ku\u015fatmas\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131-\u00c7erkes ittifak\u0131; \u201cAnapa\u201d-<\/strong>Vikipedi. -HCY<\/p>\n (**) <\/strong> Daha \u00e7ok bilgi i\u00e7in Bkz. \u201cSindika\u201d-<\/strong>Vikipedi. -HCY<\/p>\n Not: <\/strong>Tire i\u00e7indekiler ve siyahla\u015ft\u0131rmalar \u00e7evirmene aittir. -HCY<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" CC – Literature and History Çeviri: HAPİ Cevdet Yıldız Milat öncesinde, Azak Denizi’nin doğu kıyıları ile Kuzey Kafkasya topraklarında değişik halk toplulukları (лъэпкъ) barınıyorlardı. Sindler, Zihler (зих), Dandariler, Tarpetler, Meotlar ve daha başkaları bunların başlıcaları idiler. MEOTLAR Meotlar el sanatlarında ileri gitmiş, usta demirci ve iyi elbise, dikiş diken kişiler olarak biliniyorlardı. Herkes en başarılı […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11821","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11821","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11821"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11821\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11823,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11821\/revisions\/11823"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11821"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11821"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n<\/span> <\/span> \u00c7eviri: HAP\u0130 Cevdet Y\u0131ld\u0131z<\/span><\/p>\n![](\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image4\/0223-meotB1.GIF\")
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