{"id":11927,"date":"2019-03-27T15:39:28","date_gmt":"2019-03-27T20:39:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=11927"},"modified":"2019-03-27T15:39:28","modified_gmt":"2019-03-27T20:39:28","slug":"osmanlilarla-cerkeslerin-ilk-karsilasmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/osmanlilarla-cerkeslerin-ilk-karsilasmasi\/","title":{"rendered":"OSMANLILARLA \u00c7ERKESLER\u0130N \u0130LK KAR\u015eILA\u015eMASI"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Ayd\u0131n Osman Erkan
\n<\/span><\/b>Tarih Boyunca Kafkasya<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 tarih\u00e7isi Ahmet Cevdet Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan \u015eeyh\u00fclislam Arif Hikmet Bey’in k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinde bulunan Ha\u015fim Efendi’nin \u00c7erkesya hakk\u0131ndaki an\u0131lar\u0131, Mehmet G\u00fcne\u015f taraf\u0131ndan 1969 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul’da, ”\u00c7erkesistan Notlar\u0131” ad\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ha\u015fim Efendi, Kafkasya’ya g\u00f6nderilen Ferruh Ali Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n katibidir. An\u0131lar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle der: “Osmanl\u0131larla \u00c7erkeslerin ilk kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 1778 y\u0131l\u0131nda olmu\u015ftur. Osmanl\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmeti K\u0131r\u0131m’a askeri bir heyet g\u00f6nderirken, Kafkasya’n\u0131n \u00c7erkesistan \u00fclkesindeki So\u011fucak liman\u0131na da u\u011fray\u0131p \u00c7erkesler konusunda bilgi edinilmesini arzu etmi\u015ftir.”<\/p>\n

Bundan \u00f6nce Evliya \u00c7elebi’nin bu \u00fclkeyi ziyareti resmi olmay\u0131p,eski K\u0131r\u0131m han\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel bir gezi idi. Fakat bu kez resmen ilk defa bir Osmanl\u0131 askeri heyeti, Donanma-i H\u00fcmayun’un sava\u015f gemisiyle \u00c7erkesistan’\u0131 ziyaret ediyordu.<\/p>\n

O devirde ve bunu takip eden d\u00f6nemlerde Kafkasyal\u0131lar hi\u00e7bir devletin y\u00f6netiminde de\u011fillerdi. Tamamen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Hi\u00e7bir devlet ”Kuzey Kafkasya benimdir” demeye kendisinde ne bir hak, ne de bir cesaret g\u00f6remiyordu. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin de Kafkasya \u00fczerinde hi\u00e7bir hakk\u0131 yoktu. Ne Kafkasyal\u0131lar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131’yla siyasi bir birli\u011fi ne de Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin Kafkasyal\u0131lar \u00fczerinde bir idari yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tarihin ilk \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131ndan beri hi\u00e7bir devletin y\u00f6netimini kabul etmemi\u015f, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, fakat her zaman \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n silahlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yla kullanmay\u0131 beceren Kafkasyal\u0131lar\u0131 boyunduruk alt\u0131na almak g\u00fc\u00e7, hatta hemen hemen imkans\u0131zd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Fakat artan Rus tehlikesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ileriyi g\u00f6ren Osmanl\u0131 devlet adam\u0131 Canikli Hac\u0131 Ali Pa\u015fa, bizzat Kafkasya’ya gidip cengaver \u00c7erkesleri yerinde g\u00f6rmek, onlarla anla\u015fmak, onlar\u0131 kazanmak ve halifeye ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k yemini ettirmek amac\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece 1778 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n o yaz sabah\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Donanmas\u0131 \u00c7erkesya’n\u0131n So\u011fucak liman\u0131na demir att\u0131. Ziyaretin bahanesi su ikmali yapmak ve birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn K\u0131r\u0131m yolunda mola vermekti. As\u0131l ama\u00e7 ise, \u00c7erkesler konusunda bir \u015feyler \u00f6\u011frenmek, kimsenin fethedemedi\u011fi, hi\u00e7bir yabanc\u0131n\u0131n giremedi\u011fi bu masal \u00fclkesi hakk\u0131nda bilgi toplamakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Serdar-\u0131 Ekrem unvan\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan Osmanl\u0131 komutan\u0131 Canikli Hac\u0131 Ali Pa\u015fa karaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p ordugah kurdu. Bunu duyan \u00c7erkeslerin, Cevdet Pa\u015fa Tarihi’nde Copsun boyu diye kaydetti\u011fi kabilelerden NARCO Mehmet, Hojon, Harpako ve Hapako adl\u0131 beyleriyle kalabal\u0131k bir atl\u0131 grubu T\u00fcrkleri g\u00f6rmeye ve ho\u015f geldin demeye geldiler.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkes prensleri Serdar\u0131n ota\u011f\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131rlan\u0131rken, \u00c7erkes s\u00fcvarileri de atlar\u0131ndan inmeden ordugah\u0131n \u00e7evresinde T\u00fcrkleri seyrediyor, kendilerine tuhaf gelen taraflar\u0131n\u0131 birbirlerine g\u00f6steriyor ve g\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrklerin ve \u00c7erkeslerin bu ilk kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a sakin ge\u00e7ti. Fakat sabahleyin askerler uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bir\u00e7ok \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131n ve askerin yok oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fcler. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir tela\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131. Komutanlar, ordunun bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131, silahlar\u0131 ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131yla yok oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce korkuya kap\u0131ld\u0131lar. Daha sonra anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ki, \u00c7erkesler geceleyin m\u00fcthi\u015f bir ustal\u0131k ve sessizlikle \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n iplerini keserek askerin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7irmi\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131t \u00e7\u0131karmadan asker dahil her \u015feyi al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 ordusunda “benim diyen yi\u011fitler, yola s\u0131\u011fmayan bahad\u0131rlar \u00c7erkesler taraf\u0131ndan bir \u00f6k\u00fcz fiyat\u0131na sat\u0131ld\u0131lar” der, Cevdet Pa\u015fa Tarihi.
\nHatta \u015fanl\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Donanma-i H\u00fcmayunu Kaptan\u0131 Deryas\u0131 Gazi Hasan Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n maiyetinden bir\u00e7ok subay ve hizmetli de bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131kta ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve sonu\u00e7ta Kafkasya’da kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu olaydan sonra Osmanl\u0131 ordusu So\u011fucak’ta daha fazla durmad\u0131 ordugah\u0131n\u0131 toplay\u0131p derhal Karadeniz’e a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu olaydan bir iki y\u0131l kadar sonra K\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131 da kaybeden Osmanl\u0131 Devleti yine \u00c7erkeslerle ili\u015fki kurmak i\u00e7in yollar arad\u0131. Deneyimli eski vezirlerden Abdi Pa\u015fa \u00c7erkesya’ya bu kez \u00e7ok iyi tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ferruh Ali Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n g\u00f6nderilmesini \u00f6nerdi. Ferruh Ali Pa\u015fa son derece zeki ve ak\u0131ll\u0131, anlay\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ve olgun bir ki\u015fiydi. So\u011fucak’a gelince ilk olarak Shapsugh beylerinden P\u015f\u0131 HAJ Hasan’in k\u0131z\u0131yla evlendi. Bu evlilik t\u00f6reninde ge\u00e7en bir olay \u00e7ok dikkate de\u011fer olup, \u00c7erkes karakterini belli eden g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n

Padi\u015fah ve halifenin temsilcisi Ferruh Ali Pa\u015fa, damat olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00c7erkes beyinin evine bir kervan dolu\u015fu hediye g\u00f6nderir. Shapsugh p\u015f\u0131s\u0131 bu hediyelerin hepsini \u00e7evresindeki halk\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r, fakat bir zavall\u0131 fakir unutulur. Bunun \u00fczerine P\u015f\u0131 Hasan derhal ba\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ok de\u011ferli kalpa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartarak fakir adam\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na, onun eski ve kirli serpu\u015funu da kendi ba\u015f\u0131na koyar.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131lar bu al\u00e7akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck ve c\u00f6mertlik kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131p kal\u0131rlar.
\n\u00c7erkes beylerinin kendilerinden \u00f6nce kabile adamlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeleri ve b\u00f6yle al\u00e7akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olmalar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcndendir ki \u00c7erkes halk\u0131 beylerine son derece ba\u011fl\u0131 ve sayg\u0131l\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Yine Ha\u015fim Efendi’nin yazd\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00c7erkes han\u0131mlar\u0131 sa\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel hizmet\u00e7iler, yani bir t\u00fcr kuaf\u00f6r kullan\u0131rlarm\u0131\u015f. Ha\u015fim Efendi diyor ki: “Biz ger\u00e7i bu insanlara da\u011fl\u0131 diyoruz ama \u0130stanbul’un konaklar\u0131nda oturan nazenin han\u0131mlar bunlar\u0131 g\u00f6rse taklit etmeye \u00f6zenirler.”<\/p>\n

1785 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ferruh Ali Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n \u00c7erkes prensesi han\u0131m\u0131ndan bir k\u0131z\u0131 oldu. Muhte\u015fem t\u00f6renler yap\u0131ld\u0131. Fakat zavall\u0131 k\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc azm\u0131\u015f, k\u0131sa zaman sonra \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Sayg\u0131de\u011fer Osmanl\u0131 pa\u015fas\u0131 hastayd\u0131 ve \u00f6lece\u011fini anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131; kendi t\u00fcrbesini yapt\u0131rd\u0131. K\u0131sa zaman sonra da \u00f6ld\u00fc. Pa\u015fan\u0131n \u00e7ok az yekun tutan menkul mal\u0131, \u00f6z vatan\u0131 G\u00fcrcistan’dan gelen Dervi\u015f Mustafa’ya teslim edildi.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aydın Osman Erkan Tarih Boyunca Kafkasya Osmanlı tarihçisi Ahmet Cevdet Paşa tarafından Şeyhülislam Arif Hikmet Bey’in kütüphanesinde bulunan Haşim Efendi’nin Çerkesya hakkındaki anıları, Mehmet Güneş tarafından 1969 yılında İstanbul’da, ”Çerkesistan Notları” adıyla yayınlanmıştır. Haşim Efendi, Kafkasya’ya gönderilen Ferruh Ali Paşa’nın katibidir. Anılarında şöyle der: “Osmanlılarla Çerkeslerin ilk karşılaşması 1778 yılında olmuştur. Osmanlı Hükümeti Kırım’a askeri […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11927"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11929,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11927\/revisions\/11929"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}