{"id":11988,"date":"2019-03-27T18:55:29","date_gmt":"2019-03-27T23:55:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=11988"},"modified":"2019-03-27T18:55:29","modified_gmt":"2019-03-27T23:55:29","slug":"cerkesler-ve-kaynarca-antlasmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/cerkesler-ve-kaynarca-antlasmasi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7ERKESLER ve KAYNARCA ANTLA\u015eMASI"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

GHUNEKHO K.\u00d6zbay<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7erkeslerin Osmanl\u0131’yla ili\u015fkileri genelde K\u0131r\u0131m \u00fczerinden olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, K\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131 ve halk\u0131n\u0131 iyi tan\u0131yor, ticari ili\u015fkilerini de bu kanaldan y\u00fcr\u00fctmekteydiler. K\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131n Osmanl\u0131’yla ili\u015fkisi sonunda b\u00f6lge imparatorlu\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 bir b\u00f6lge durumundayd\u0131. K\u0131r\u0131m’la hi\u00e7 bir sorunu olmayan Osmanl\u0131 bu yolla da \u00c7erkesya’y\u0131 kontrol\u00fcnde tutuyordu ve hi\u00e7 bir varl\u0131kta g\u00f6stermemekteydi.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131-Rus ili\u015fkilerinin de k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131 1774’teki K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Yap\u0131lan antla\u015fmayla K\u0131r\u0131m’a ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k tan\u0131nd\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, Ruslarda Ortodokslar\u0131n hamisi kabul edildi. Bu durumdan Ruslar faydalanmak i\u00e7in \u00c7erkesya \u00fczerine bask\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da son buldu\u011fundan Ruslar\u0131n i\u015fi daha da kolayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu arada K\u0131r\u0131m han\u0131 \u015eahin Giray Rusya yanl\u0131s\u0131 bir politika izlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Onlar\u0131n bu tutumu dinsel birliktelikleri olan K\u0131r\u0131ml\u0131larla bir rahats\u0131zl\u0131k yaratt\u0131. \u00c7erkes beylerinde ZANKHO (Zano\u011flu) Mehmet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir heyet \u0130stanbul’a konuyla ilgili temaslarda bulunmak i\u00e7in geldi. Heyet, So\u011fucak’ta bir \u00c7erkes b\u00f6lgesinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bu b\u00f6lgenin de Anadolu beyliklerden birine ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyordu. Bu istekleri kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcrse dini birliktelikleri olan Osmanl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00c7erkeslere de yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Heyet, Canikli Ali pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan kabul edildi ve 1780 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu istekleri yerine getirildi. Ruslar\u0131n buralar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesi Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n Karadeniz donanmas\u0131n\u0131n yok olmas\u0131 ve K\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131nda saf de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi Osmanl\u0131’daki uluslar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k talebinde bulunmalar\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmekteydi.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkeslerin istekleri an\u0131lan nedenle kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u00c7erkesya’da olu\u015facak b\u00f6lgede K\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131n yerine sava\u015facak olan \u00c7erkeslerdi. Osmanl\u0131 200 y\u00fcz y\u0131l sonra Canikli Ali pa\u015fayla ordusunu \u00c7erkesya’ya g\u00f6nderdi. Bundan rahats\u0131z olan Rusya’da 1883’te K\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131 i\u015fgal etti.<\/p>\n

Ruslar, Adige ve Abhazlara kar\u015f\u0131 bask\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131rken, Osmanl\u0131’da Rus emperyalizmine kar\u015f\u0131 Kafkaslarda ayn\u0131 eylemi dini bir misyoner edas\u0131yla uygulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkesler, inand\u0131klar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n oyununa kendi ayaklar\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131, b\u00f6lgedeki i\u015f birlik\u00e7ileriyle din ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda Ruslar\u0131n tarihi bir d\u00fc\u015fman oldu\u011funu \u00c7erkeslere lanse etti ve kabulde g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bu iki g\u00fcc\u00fcn piyonu olan bizler 1878 Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131’na kadar hizmete devam ettik. Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131’yla da \u00c7erkesya Ruslar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkesler i\u00e7in 1878-1920 y\u0131llar\u0131 karanl\u0131k bir d\u00f6nemdir. Osmanl\u0131 ve Rusya’dan bak\u0131l\u0131nca, bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Ancak, b\u00f6lgenin iyile\u015ftirilmesiyle ilgili hi\u00e7 bir olguda yoktur. S\u00fcrg\u00fcn \u00c7erkeslerde kendilerine g\u00f6sterilen yerlerde yer edinme, kalanlarda var olma derdindeydiler.<\/p>\n

Evet, olaylara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de ayn\u0131 sorunlar devam etmektedir. Anavatandakiler, yine kendilerini ve topraklar\u0131n\u0131 koruman\u0131n sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru veya yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131yla verirlerken, T\u00fcrkiye’deki s\u00fcrg\u00fcn \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 da ”tan\u0131nmayan kimlikleri<\/b>” \u00fczerinden a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131m\u0131n sevdas\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GHUNEKHO K.Özbay Çerkeslerin Osmanlı’yla ilişkileri genelde Kırım üzerinden olmuştur. Çünkü, Kırım’ı ve halkını iyi tanıyor, ticari ilişkilerini de bu kanaldan yürütmekteydiler. Kırım’ın Osmanlı’yla ilişkisi sonunda bölge imparatorluğa bağlı bir bölge durumundaydı. Kırım’la hiç bir sorunu olmayan Osmanlı bu yolla da Çerkesya’yı kontrolünde tutuyordu ve hiç bir varlıkta göstermemekteydi. Osmanlı-Rus ilişkilerinin de kırılma noktası 1774’teki Küçük […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11988"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11990,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11988\/revisions\/11990"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}