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<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Osman \u00d6nal<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Kozan o\u011fullar\u0131, itaat alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra \u0130stanbul, \u015eam, Trablus\u015fam, Yozgat ve Sivas taraflar\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler (S\u00f6zgelimi \u0130stanbul’da oturmas\u0131na izin verilen Kozano\u011flu Ahmet Bey, hasret ve ac\u0131 dolu bir mektubu II. Abdulhamit’in selaml\u0131k arabas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erisine at\u0131nca bu olay\u0131 haber alan padi\u015fah “bana ka\u011f\u0131t atan her \u015feyi atar” diyerek Ahmet Bey ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 Trablusgarb’a s\u00fcrd\u00fc). Kozan ve \u00e7evresi \u00fc\u00e7 kazaya b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc (Sis, Belenk\u00f6y, Ha\u00e7\u0131n). Kadirli’de bunlara eklenerek 4 kazadan olu\u015fan bir sancak olu\u015fturuldu ve kaymakaml\u0131\u011f\u0131na Mirliva H\u00fcsn\u00fc Pa\u015fa getirildi. Merkez olarak da Sis kasabas\u0131 uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n Bu arada, daha ordu Sis’te iken halk aras\u0131nda kolera hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yay\u0131l\u0131r ve F\u0131rka-i \u0130slahiye askerlerine de s\u0131\u00e7rar. \u00c7ok say\u0131da \u00f6lenler olur. Hastal\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fcnden f\u0131rka daha ileri gidemedi. Feke’de bir miktar asker b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131p geri \u00e7ekildi. \u0130skan di\u011fer yerlerde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015fken Kozan’da yar\u0131m kald\u0131. Bu sava\u015flar sonunda Af\u015farlar\u0131n ileri gelenlerinden bir k\u0131sm\u0131 tutuklanarak \u0130stanbul’a g\u00f6nderildi. Halit Bey Diyarbak\u0131r’a s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc (P\u0131narba\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n Halitbey\u00f6reni k\u00f6y\u00fc, Av\u015farlar\u0131n miri reisi olan Halit Beyin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerdi).<\/p>\n Hac\u0131 Bey ise obas\u0131n\u0131 alarak Bozok’a gitti. Neticede Af\u015farlar F\u0131rka-i \u0130slahiye ile anla\u015fmaya varabilmi\u015flerdir. Onlar yaylaklar\u0131 olan Uzunyayla’da yerle\u015fmeye raz\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Av\u015farlar\u0131n iskan\u0131 kabul etti\u011fi bu s\u0131ralarda ise ba\u015flar\u0131na yeni bir felaket gelecektir. Rus istilas\u0131 sonucu memleketlerini terk ederek imparatorluk T\u00fcrkiye’sine s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan Kafkas muhacirlere yer arayan devlet, iskan siyasetinin en hatal\u0131 i\u015fini yap\u0131yor ve bula bula yerle\u015fmeyi kabul eden Af\u015farlar\u0131n yurtlar\u0131n\u0131 ve yaylalar\u0131n\u0131 bularak bu muhacirlere veriyordu.<\/p>\n Basiretli bir iskan siyaseti, bu \u00c7erkes muhacirlerin bo\u015f yerlere iskan olunmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirirdi. Halbuki vatanda\u015fl\u0131k insan ve m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fnenerek iptidai bir usulle y\u0131llard\u0131r bu topraklar\u0131n sahibi Af\u015farlar s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp, yurtlar\u0131 muhacirlere verilecektir.<\/p>\n Uzunyayla’n\u0131n \u00c7erkeslere verilmesini bizzat Abd\u00fclaziz ve o d\u00f6nemin h\u00fck\u00fcmeti emretmi\u015ftir. Bunda herhalde Abd\u00fclaziz’in annesinin \u00c7erkes olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Rus istilas\u0131 sonucu Osmanl\u0131’ya \u00c7erkeslerin g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ba\u015flay\u0131nca, padi\u015fah saray\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck konaklar\u0131n \u00c7erkes cariyeler ile dolmu\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck rol\u00fc vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Son zamanlarda kad\u0131n efendiler ile Valide Sultanlar da \u00c7erkes kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Av\u015farlar kendi yaylaklar\u0131 olan Uzunyayla’ya \u00c7erkeslerin yerle\u015fmesini \u00f6nlemek istemi\u015fler ve bunun sonucunda iki taraf aras\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar patlak vermi\u015ftir. Bu tarihlerde h\u00fck\u00fcmet g\u00f6\u00e7ebelere kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7menleri daha fazla koruyordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Af\u015farlar\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in \u00c7erkeslerden yararlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca Af\u015farlar\u0131n Uzunyayla ile \u00c7ukurova aras\u0131nda gidi\u015f geli\u015fleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ift\u00e7i halk\u0131n tarla, ba\u011f ve bah\u00e7elerine zarar vermeleri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bu halkta h\u00fck\u00fcmete Af\u015farlardan olan \u015fikayetlerinin iletmi\u015flerdir. Bu da h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Af\u015farlar\u0131n aleyhine daha \u00e7ok d\u00f6nd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Devlet, \u00c7erkesleri Uzunyayla’n\u0131n giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ederek Af\u015farlar\u0131 buraya girmekten men edecek ge\u00e7itleri koruma g\u00f6revini yerine getirebilecekleri yerlerde yerle\u015ftirildi. Bunun \u00fczerine Af\u015farlar, \u00c7erkeslere sald\u0131rarak zayiat verdirmi\u015fler, sonu\u00e7ta iki taraf aras\u0131nda \u00e7etin \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar olmu\u015ftur 1861. (Bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar genelde Halitbey\u00f6reni, Kaynar ve Yahyabey k\u00f6yleri aras\u0131ndaki sahada ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti).<\/p>\n Sivas Valisi olay yerine gelerek iki taraf\u0131 bar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve Af\u015farlar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri \u00c7erkesler i\u00e7in diyet olarak bir miktar para vermeleri ile olaylar\u0131 yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak ertesi y\u0131l aralar\u0131nda yine \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca, hem \u00c7erkeslere hem de yerli halka kar\u015f\u0131 tehdit olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle devlet Af\u015farlar \u00fczerine asker g\u00f6nderdi. Bu sava\u015flarda \u00c7erkeslerin de destekledi\u011fi Osmanl\u0131 Ordusu Av\u015farlar\u0131 k\u0131rarak itaat alt\u0131na ald\u0131. Devlete olan birikmi\u015f vergi bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6demeye zorlam\u0131\u015f ve bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 Harput ve Kastamonu gibi uzak yerlere iskan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca eleba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kur’a neferi olarak askere alm\u0131\u015f, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da Ergani Madeni’ne sevk etmi\u015ftir. 1863’te Af\u015farlar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmetin otoritesi alt\u0131na al\u0131nmalar\u0131 ve bilhassa 1865’de zorla topra\u011fa ba\u011flanmalar\u0131 ile \u00c7erkeslerin Uzunyayla’ya yerle\u015ftirilmesi kolayla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 devlet taraf\u0131ndan Artvin b\u00f6lgesine yerle\u015ftirilerek s\u0131n\u0131rda g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130skan s\u0131ras\u0131nda Af\u015far boy beyi \u00c7erkeso\u011flu Hac\u0131 Bey’dir. Zamanla \u00c7erkeslerle Af\u015farlar aras\u0131nda s\u00fckunet olur ve P\u0131narba\u015f\u0131 il\u00e7esi Potuklu k\u00f6y\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131r kabul edilir. B\u00f6ylece devlet deste\u011fi ve beylerin de g\u00f6z yummas\u0131 ile Razamazano\u011fullar\u0131ndan bu yana Af\u015farlar\u0131n yurdu olan Uzunyayla \u00c7erkeslere terk edilir. Af\u015far Beyi Hac\u0131 Bey F\u0131rka-i \u0130slahiye’ye gelerek Uzunyayla’n\u0131n elden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve yerle\u015fmekte devlet emri oldu\u011fundan Sar\u0131z havalisine a\u015fireti ile yerle\u015fmek istedi\u011fini belirtir. B\u00f6ylece Af\u015farlar Kayseri y\u00f6resinde Sar\u0131z, P\u0131narba\u015f\u0131 ve Tomarza il\u00e7eleri, Adana’n\u0131n Tufanbeyli, Kozan, Kadirli il\u00e7elerinde yerle\u015ftirilir. Yeni k\u00f6yler, kasabalar kurulur. N\u00fcfus k\u00fct\u00fcklerine ge\u00e7erek ilk defa resmen Osmanl\u0131 vatanda\u015f\u0131 olurlar. Arazi tapular\u0131 ise bundan sonra verilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n S\u0131rk\u0131nt\u0131 a\u015firetine gelince, onlar \u00c7ukurova’da k\u0131\u015flar, \u0130nderesi’nde yaylaya \u00e7\u0131karlard\u0131. S\u0131rk\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131lar, hen\u00fcz 1859’da Kozano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n idaresi alt\u0131nda zul\u00fcm g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in ziraatla u\u011fra\u015fmak istediklerini bildirerek iskanlar\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015flerdi. F\u0131rka onlar\u0131 k\u0131\u015flaklar\u0131na iskan etmi\u015f ve bir \u00e7ok k\u00f6yler kurmu\u015flard\u0131. S\u0131rk\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131lar, Sar\u0131\u00e7am ile Ceyhan nehri aras\u0131nda 18 k\u00f6yde ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar ve Tepecik\u00f6ren k\u00f6y\u00fc bey k\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcr. F\u0131rka-i \u0130slahiye ile T\u00fcrkmenlerin son sava\u015f\u0131 1877’de Kilken \u00c7ay\u0131 ile Akde\u011firmen (Kozan Baraj\u0131 kuzeyi) taraf\u0131nda oldu. T\u00fcrkmenler 75 \u00f6l\u00fc ve 200 yaral\u0131 verirken F\u0131rka g\u00f6revlisi Akif Pa\u015fan\u0131n tek \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f adam\u0131 yoktur. F\u0131rka-i \u0130slahiye’nin bu iskan hareketi baz\u0131 zararlar do\u011furmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015f ve devir i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 hizmetler g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n B\u00f6lgedeki a\u015firetlerin \u00e7o\u011fu zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lsa da ba\u015far\u0131yla yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, kimi a\u015firetler de kazan\u0131larak iskana kolayl\u0131k g\u00f6stermelerine sebep olmu\u015ftur. \u00dcstelik, daha \u00f6nce yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7en baz\u0131 a\u015firetlerin hayat seviyelerini y\u00fckselmesi a\u015firetlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 iskana y\u00f6nlendirmi\u015f ve F\u0131rka’n\u0131n gelmesinden \u00e7ok \u00f6nce yerle\u015fmek i\u00e7in ba\u015f vuranlar da (K\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ve S\u0131rk\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131lar) olmu\u015ftur. B\u00f6ylece yerle\u015filen b\u00f6lgeler \u015fenlenmi\u015f, ziraat geli\u015fmi\u015f ve karga\u015fa sona ermi\u015ftir. Kurulan kasabalar zamanla geli\u015ferek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00f6nemli merkezler haline gelmi\u015ftir. Islahat\u0131n baz\u0131 hatalar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden b\u00f6lgeyi terk eden (genellikle Halep ve \u00e7evresine ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015flard\u0131r) a\u015firetler de olmu\u015ftur. \u0130skan s\u0131ras\u0131nda konar g\u00f6\u00e7erlerin hayvan otlatmalar\u0131na bak\u0131larak iskan sahas\u0131nda mera bulmalar\u0131na dikkat edilmi\u015f, kendi istedikleri yerlere yerle\u015fmelerine r\u0131za g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Ancak f\u0131rkan\u0131n bu ho\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc Af\u015farlardan esirgedi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Onlar n\u00fcfus bak\u0131m\u0131ndan di\u011fer T\u00fcrkmenlere nazaran daha kalabal\u0131k olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, da\u011fl\u0131k, dar ve verimsiz b\u00f6lgelere yerle\u015fmek mecburiyetinde kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Toplu olarak ise Kayseri’nin P\u0131narba\u015f\u0131, Sar\u0131z ve Tomarza il\u00e7eleri ile bunlara ba\u011fl\u0131 y\u00fcz civar\u0131nda k\u00f6ye yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdir. Yayla y\u00f6resine yerle\u015fenlere \u00c7ukurova’ya inmek; \u00c7ukurova’ya yerle\u015fenlerin ise yayla y\u00f6relerine gitmeleri yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Prof. Besim Atalay bu konuda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. “Kuru iskan imha demektir. As\u0131rlardan beri al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir hayat tarz\u0131 birden bire de\u011fi\u015ftirilemez. Bunlar derece derece iskan ve \u0131slah edilmeleri gerekirken bu yap\u0131lmad\u0131. \u00dczerlerine asker \u00e7ekildi. Ordu sevk edildi. Topa tutuldu. Obalar\u0131, yaylalar\u0131, k\u0131\u015flaklar yak\u0131ld\u0131, y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131, beyler kur\u015funa dizildi. Kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Gelinler esir edildi. da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131tada hakim k\u0131lan bu sevimli babayi\u011fitlerle beraber ocaklar\u0131, koyunlar\u0131, hayvanlar\u0131 mahvolup gitti.”<\/p>\n \u00dcnl\u00fc ozan Dadalo\u011flu da bu olay\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor: Osman Önal Kozan oğulları, itaat altına alındıktan sonra İstanbul, Şam, Trablusşam, Yozgat ve Sivas taraflarına sürüldüler (Sözgelimi İstanbul’da oturmasına izin verilen Kozanoğlu Ahmet Bey, hasret ve acı dolu bir mektubu II. Abdulhamit’in selamlık arabasının içerisine atınca bu olayı haber alan padişah “bana kağıt atan her şeyi atar” diyerek Ahmet Bey ve arkadaşlarını Trablusgarb’a sürdü). Kozan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11998"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11998\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12000,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11998\/revisions\/12000"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n“Dervi\u015f Pa\u015fa, yakt\u0131 y\u0131kt\u0131 elleri
\nSoldu b\u00fct\u00fcn yurdumuzun g\u00fclleri
\nKaralar giydik te att\u0131k allar\u0131
\nAlt\u0131n\u0131m\u0131z ge\u00e7mez ak\u00e7a tun\u00e7 oldu”<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"