{"id":12004,"date":"2019-03-27T19:00:47","date_gmt":"2019-03-28T00:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=12004"},"modified":"2019-03-27T19:00:47","modified_gmt":"2019-03-28T00:00:47","slug":"birinci-duzce-ayaklanmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/birinci-duzce-ayaklanmasi\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 D\u00dcZCE AYAKLANMASI"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Sedat Karaca<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7inde e\u015fk\u0131ya olaylar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerden birisi de D\u00fczce y\u00f6resiydi. Burada devlet otoritesi g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmi\u015fti. Baz\u0131 \u00c7erkes ileri gelenleri daha Kas\u0131m 1919\u2019da Kuva-y\u0131 Milliye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 koymaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. D\u00fczce yarg\u0131c\u0131 ve jandarma komutan\u0131 haydutlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, silah deposu ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine burada s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim ilan edildi ve Binba\u015f\u0131 Mahmut Nedim Bey komutas\u0131nda kurulan \u201cAsayi\u015f M\u00fcfrezesi\u201d Kas\u0131m ay\u0131 sonunda D\u00fczce\u2019ye gelerek 79 ki\u015fiyi tutuklad\u0131. 1 Aral\u0131k 1919\u2019dan, 31 Ocak 1920\u2019ye kadar \u0130zmit, D\u00fczce, Bolu, Hendek, Zonguldak, Ere\u011fli dolaylar\u0131nda 335 ki\u015fi tutukland\u0131. Fakat Mahmut Nedim Bey hem Ankara, hem de \u0130stanbul yanl\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor ve karars\u0131z davran\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Ankara\u2019n\u0131n kendisine g\u00fcvenmesi ve onun bu karars\u0131z durumu, y\u00f6rede \u0130stanbul Fetvas\u0131 ve Padi\u015fah Ferman\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ok etkili olmas\u0131n\u0131, hainlerin, Mustafa Kemal\u2019in ikinci Padi\u015fah olmak istedi\u011fi ve Padi\u015fah iradesi olmadan asker toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 propagandalar\u0131yla y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 olaylar\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131. Anzavur ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u0131rada D\u00fczce\u2019de yeni bir ayaklanma patlak vermek \u00fczereydi.<\/p>\n

Bu k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131n sonunda 13 Nisan1920\u2019de D\u00fczce\u2019nin \u00d6merefendi K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019nde toplanan Abaza ve \u00c7erkesler silahl\u0131 olarak \u201cAsayi\u015f M\u00fcfrezesi\u201d direnmeden asilere teslim oldu. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck r\u00fctbeli subaylar direndilerse de say\u0131lar\u0131 4 bine ula\u015fan asiler D\u00fczce\u2019yi ald\u0131lar. Asi eleba\u015flar\u0131ndan Berzek Sefer Bey D\u00fczce Kaymakam\u0131 Maan Ali Bey (Emekli Binba\u015f\u0131) Jandarma Komutan\u0131, Ko\u00e7 Bey de Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldular. Bolu Mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 kendilerini yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak istediyse de, verdikleri yan\u0131tta \u0130stanbul\u2019un verece\u011fi karara g\u00f6re hareket edeceklerini bildirdiler.<\/p>\n

14 Nisan\u2019da Beypazar\u0131 halk\u0131 da \u201cPadi\u015fah nerede ise biz oraday\u0131z\u201d diyerek ve cephaneli\u011fi ele ge\u00e7irip resmi makamlar\u0131 bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131p, postaya el koyarak tavr\u0131n\u0131 belirtirken, isyanc\u0131lar 18 Nisan\u2019da Bolu\u2019yu da i\u015fgal ettiler. \u0130syanc\u0131lar Padi\u015fah\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve Kuva-y\u0131 Milliye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bildirdiler. Bu durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Ankara\u2019dan bir birlik g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n

Beypazarl\u0131lar bu birli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 koydular. Beypazar\u0131 M\u00fcft\u00fc ve Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ankara\u2019ya telgraf \u00e7ekerek, asilerin ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ayaklanmaya kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n aflar\u0131n\u0131 istediler. B.M.M. bu iste\u011fi dikkate alarak ikinci birli\u011fin hareketini durdurdu.<\/p>\n

Asiler verdikleri s\u00f6ze ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmay\u0131p, ilk gelen birli\u011fe sald\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bunun \u00fczerine Gevye\u2019de 24. T\u00fcmen Komutan\u0131 Yarbay Mahmut Bey 18 Nisan\u2019da ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri harekat\u0131na devam ederek Hendek\u2019e geldi. Fakat halk kendisine tepki g\u00f6sterdi, k\u00f6ylere giden bir\u00e7ok Hendekli askerler aleyhine \u00e7ok \u00e7irkin propagandalarda bulundular. 22 Nisan\u2019da Hendek\u2019de durum bu noktaya gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

D\u00fczce\u2019ye do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kan Mahmut Bey N\u00fcften (Nuhveren) Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019nda pusuya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Kendisi de \u00c7erkes olan ve kan d\u00f6k\u00fclmesini istemedi\u011fi ve asi \u00c7erkeslerin s\u00f6z\u00fcne inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ate\u015fi durdurdu. Fakat bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fta kendisi olmak \u00fczere baz\u0131 subaylar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine ve t\u00fcmenin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131na, asilerin \u00fcst\u00fcn gelmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Safranbolu\u2019da \u201cBiz Padi\u015fah\u2019\u0131 isteriz\u201d diyen asiler duruma egemen oldular. Hendek\u2019teki asiler Adapazar\u0131\u2019na y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken, nasihat i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilen Adapazar\u0131 ileri gelenlerinden Sait ve Kaz\u0131m Beyler asiler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler. Bu geli\u015fmeler \u00fczerine, asileri desteklemek isteyen \u0130ngilizler, \u015eile\u2019ye asker \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Ayaklanma her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn yay\u0131ld\u0131 ve Ankara\u2019y\u0131 endi\u015feye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Olay yaln\u0131zca asilerin say\u0131lar\u0131 ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f halk da Ulusal M\u00fccadele\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ankara bir yandan askeri \u00f6nlemler almaya ba\u015flarken, di\u011fer yandan nasihat i\u00e7in Milletvekili H\u00fcsrev ve Osman Beyleri g\u00f6nderdi. Fakat asiler taraf\u0131ndan rehin al\u0131nd\u0131lar. Nasihat Heyeti olumlu sonu\u00e7 alamay\u0131nca, \u00c7erkes Ethem, Binba\u015f\u0131 Naz\u0131m, Kaymakam Arif, Binba\u015f\u0131 \u0130brahim (\u00c7olak \u0130brahim) komutas\u0131ndaki birlikler ile Ali Fuat Pa\u015fa ve Rafet Bey emrindeki birlikler ayaklanma y\u00f6resine g\u00f6nderildiler.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u0131rada 14 May\u0131s\u2019ta Yenihan\u2019da da ayaklanma \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ayaklanmalar\u0131 f\u0131rsat bilen Anzavur, Eski\u015fehir-\u0130stanbul yolunu ele ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in Geyve Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019ndaki ulusal kuvvetlere sald\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130syan\u0131n bu kadar g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi \u00fczerine Damat Ferit Pa\u015fa 20 May\u0131s 1920\u2019de \u0130zmit\u2019e geldi. \u0130syan\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00c7erkes Ethem, Binba\u015f\u0131 Naz\u0131m, Kaymakam Arif, Binba\u015f\u0131 \u0130brahim, Ali Fuat Pa\u015fa ve Rafet Bey emrindeki birlikler isyan b\u00f6lgesinde asilerle m\u00fccadeleye ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

25 Nisan\u2019da Beypazar\u0131, 2 May\u0131s\u2019ta G\u00f6yn\u00fck al\u0131nd\u0131. Di\u011fer taraftan isyan\u0131 bast\u0131rmakla g\u00f6revli Kuvay\u0131 Mill\u00eeye kuvvetlerinden \u00c7erkes Ethem emrindeki kuvvetler 23 May\u0131s\u2019ta Sapanca ve Adapazar\u0131\u2019n\u0131 alarak asilerin ileri gelenlerini cezaland\u0131rd\u0131. \u00c7erkes Ethem kuvvetleri 26 May\u0131s\u2019ta D\u00fczce\u2019ye girdi. Ayaklanmay\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karanlar ve y\u00f6netenler idam edilerek D\u00fczce isyan\u0131 bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sedat Karaca Birinci Dünya Savaşı içinde eşkıya olaylarının yoğunlaştığı yerlerden birisi de Düzce yöresiydi. Burada devlet otoritesi gücünü kaybetmişti. Bazı Çerkes ileri gelenleri daha Kasım 1919’da Kuva-yı Milliye’ye karşı koymaya başlamıştı. Düzce yargıcı ve jandarma komutanı haydutlar tarafından öldürülmüş, silah deposu yağmalanmıştı. Bunun üzerine burada sıkıyönetim ilan edildi ve Binbaşı Mahmut Nedim Bey komutasında kurulan 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