{"id":12013,"date":"2019-03-27T19:04:39","date_gmt":"2019-03-28T00:04:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=12013"},"modified":"2019-03-27T19:04:39","modified_gmt":"2019-03-28T00:04:39","slug":"georges-dumezilin-olumu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/georges-dumezilin-olumu\/","title":{"rendered":"GEORGES DUMEZ\u0130L’\u0130N \u00d6L\u00dcM\u00dc"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Derleyen: Uyg\u00f6r Eremektar<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
\n<\/span> Kafda\u011f\u0131, Kuzey Kafkasya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi
\nAyl\u0131k K\u00fclt\u00fcr Sanat ve Haber Dergisi, Y\u0131l 1, Say\u0131, 1 \u015eubat 1987 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Georges Dumezil 88 y\u0131la s\u0131\u011fd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 dopdolu ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 Paris’te ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi bir beyin kana-mas\u0131 sonucu 11 Ekim 1986’da noktalad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00dcnl\u00fc Frans\u0131z tarih\u00e7isi, arkeolog, dil ara\u015ft\u0131r-mac\u0131s\u0131, mitoloji ve eski edebiyatlar uzman\u0131 Georges Dumezil \u00f6zellikle Hint-Avrupa dilleri ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri \u00fczerinde incelemelerde bulun-mu\u015f ve bu alanda halen d\u00fcnyada tek isim olarak kabul edilmektedir. Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn daveti \u00fczerine \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesine ba\u011fl\u0131 dinler tarihi k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fc olu\u015fturmak ve \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyeli\u011fi yapmak \u00fczere 1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul’a gelmi\u015f ve 1931 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar T\u00fcrkiye’de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. An\u0131lar\u0131nda burada ge\u00e7en g\u00fcnlerin hayat\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fczel g\u00fcnleri oldu\u011funu belirtmektedir.
\nYakla\u015f\u0131k otuz dil bilen Dumezil, T\u00fcrkiye’de kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde de dil ile ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f. Kuzey Kafkasya dillerinden olan Wub\u0131h dili \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Unutulmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015f ve T\u00fcrkiye’de \u00e7ok az ki\u015finin bildi\u011fi Wub\u0131hca ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 Tevfik Esen\u00e7 ile beraber y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f ve bir Wub\u0131hca s\u00f6zl\u00fck haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bu u\u011fra\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 Dumezil \u00abHayatta en az g\u00fcnah i\u015fledi\u011fi ve en \u00e7ok benimse-di\u011fi\u00bb \u015feklinde de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Dumezli daha sonralar\u0131 s\u0131k s\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye’ye gelmi\u015f Sapanca’n\u0131n Yan\u0131k, Manyas’\u0131n De\u011fimenbo\u011faz\u0131, Hac\u0131yakup, M\u00fcr\u00fcvetler k\u00f6ylerinde ve \u00e7evrede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Wub\u0131hca d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Abhaz ve Adige dil gruplar\u0131n\u0131n Wub\u0131hca ile ve kendi aralar\u0131ndaki akrabal\u0131ktan kaynaklanan benzerliklerini ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 bir \u00e7ok dergilerle birlikte Paris’te yay\u0131nlanan \u00abBedi-Kartlisa\u00bb adl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fc dergisinde de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fcresince \u00fcnl\u00fc tarih ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131 Prof. Aytek Namitok’tan b\u00fcy\u00fck destek ve yard\u0131m g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Namitok’la dil, tarih, mitoloji ve arkeoloji \u00fczerine uzun yaz\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yaz\u0131\u015fmalar halen yay\u0131mlanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 diller ve Hint-Avrupa uygarl\u0131klar\u0131 konusundaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapan Frans\u0131z Prof. Georges Dumezil 1898 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris’te do\u011fdu. Ekole Normale S\u00fcperieure de doktoras\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra Var\u015fova, \u0130stanbul, Upsalax ve Paris’te \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcniversitelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. College de France ve Frans\u0131z Akademisi \u00fcyesi idi<\/p>\n

K\u0131rktan fazla kitab\u0131 bulunan Dumezil’in yukar\u0131daki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u00bb d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 1968 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00abBibliotheques des Sicience Humaines,\u00bb serisinde yay\u0131nlanan \u00abMythe et Epopees\u00bb yap\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc tamamen \u00abNart Halk Destanlar\u0131na ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, Abayev taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan \u00d6set Halk Destanlar\u0131 ile ilgili bir derlemeyi bir giri\u015f ve a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 bir notla \u00abl_e Livre des Heros\u00bb \u00abLiendes Sun les Nartes\u00bb ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda Frans\u0131zca’ya kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kitap UNESCO’nun Kafkasoloji serisinde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bilim \u00e7evrelerinin \u00abDil sihirbaz\u0131\u00bb diye tan\u0131mlad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc bilginin Kuzey Kafkasya Dilleri \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve derlemelerle evrensel k\u00fclt\u00fcre katk\u0131lar\u0131 unutulmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1925-1831 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlisi olarak T\u00fcrkiye’de bulunan Frans\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00abUbik Fiili\u00bb adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrk yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Tevfik Esen\u00e7’in de ad\u0131 yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ferit Edg\u00fc<\/p>\n

Ulbikceyi Kurtaran Adam: Georges Dumezil<\/p>\n

<\/b>Le Nouvel Observateur\u00bb haftal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n son say\u0131s\u0131nda, Frans\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00abGeorges Dumezible yap\u0131lan bir konu\u015fma yay\u0131nland\u0131, \u00f6zellikle efsaneler ve Hint-Avrupa dilleri \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve getirdi\u011fi yorumlarla, dilbilim, etnoloji psikanalizin gibi bilim dallar\u0131na \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 olan, aralar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e de bulunan k\u0131rk kadar dil bilen Dumezil, 1925-1931 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlisi olarak T\u00fcrkiye’de bulunmu\u015f. S\u00f6z konusu konu\u015fmadan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimize g\u00f6re, bu y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye’de bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6zellikle Kafkas dilleriyle ilgilenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1864’te Rus k\u0131y\u0131m\u0131na u\u011fray\u0131p T\u00fcrkiye’ye s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131p yerle\u015fen Kafkasyal\u0131lardan bir grubun konu\u015ftu\u011fu dilden 1500 sayfa kadar metin derlemi\u015f. \u00c7eyrek y\u00fcz y\u0131l sonra, Marmara yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bir k\u00f6yde<\/p>\n

Wub\u0131hca konu\u015fanlar\u0131n bulundu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frendi\u011finde bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden ele alm\u0131\u015f. Bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in bu k\u00f6ye yerle\u015fen Dumezli, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda kendisine bir de yard\u0131mc\u0131 bulmu\u015f : Tevfik Esen\u00e7 ad\u0131nda bir ihtiyar. Uzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sonunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00abUbik Fiili\u00bb adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131nda, Fransa’n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bilim kurulu\u015fu \u00abCollege da France\u00bb in onur profes\u00f6r\u00fc, Frans\u0131z Akademisi \u00fcyesi Georges Dume-zil’in ad\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Tevfik Esen\u00e7’in de ad\u0131 yer al\u0131yor. Al\u00e7akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bilginin \u00abmeslekta\u015f\u0131m\u00bb dedi\u011fi Tevfik Esen\u00e7, Ubik\u00e7e \u00fczerindeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak \u00fczere Frans\u0131z Bilim Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi’nin konu\u011fu olarak Paris’e gitmi\u015f.
\n\u0130ki, \u00fc\u00e7 sesli harfe kar\u015f\u0131, seksen iki sessiz harften olu\u015fan, bug\u00fcn bir avu\u00e7 ihtiyarla Dumezil’in konu\u015ftu\u011fu Ubik\u00e7eyi kurtaran d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. ;<Ni\u00e7in mi yapt\u0131m bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131?\u00bb diyor. Mesle\u011fim gere\u011fi bir yerde bulunuyorum, orada da bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 benden ba\u015fka yapacak kimse yoktu, onun i\u00e7in.\u00bb
\nDumezil, b\u00f6ylece, ard\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir iz b\u0131rakmadan yok olmakta olan dili, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n evrensel k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f oluyor.<\/p>\n

Bilginin de, belle\u011finde, en g\u00fczel tan\u0131mlardan biri bu olsa gerek: Yokoimaktan kurtarmak, varetmek.<\/p>\n

George Dumezil’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Uygar Eremektar’\u0131n derledi\u011fi Dumezil ile yap\u0131lan bir r\u00f6portaj\u0131 aynen yay\u0131nl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

FRANSIZ AKADEM\u0130S\u0130 \u00dcYES\u0130YD\u0130 \u2014 88 Ya\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6len Dumezil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Frans\u0131z Akademisi \u00fcyesiydi.<\/p>\n

\u2014 \u00e7ok iyi tan\u0131yorsunuz, hatta \u00e7ok eskilere dayanan bir dostlu\u011funuz var san\u0131r\u0131m?<\/p>\n

Dumezil \u2014 Sava\u015f, onu Fransa’dan uzakta tutmu\u015ftu. Onu ancak 1946’da ke\u015ffedebildim. Ve kendisi hakk\u0131nda karar\u0131m\u0131 hemen verdim. Ondan \u00f6nce o \u00e7evrede oldu\u011fum i\u00e7in, Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Oku-lu’na (Ecoie des Hautes Etudes) giri\u015finde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck rol\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fcstlendim, sonra da Fransa Kolej’ine (College de France) se\u00e7ili\u015finde. Ama Frans\u0131z Akademisi i\u00e7in tersi oldu; o benden \u00f6nce davrand\u0131 ve bana yard\u0131m etti.
\n\u2014 Levi-Strauss’a g\u00f6re yap\u0131lar evrenseldir. Ama siz yaln\u0131zca Hint-Avrupa k\u00f6keni \u00fczerinde duruyorsunuz…
\nDumezil \u2014 Bu iki konum uzla\u015fabilir ve uygunlu\u011fu bulunabilir konumlard\u0131r. Evet, Levi-Staruss i\u00e7in insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda evrensel kurallar vard\u0131r. Bir ba\u015fka a\u00e7\u0131dan ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ayn\u0131
\n\u015fey Eliade’da da vard\u0131r. Eliade’a g\u00f6re, insanda, bilin\u00e7alt\u0131na dayal\u0131 bir dizi ilkel tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131lar vard\u0131r. Ancak, benim ula\u015fmak istedi\u011fim ile kayg\u0131m farkl\u0131. Ben, kimilerinin Yunan filolojisi yapt\u0131klar\u0131 gibi Hint-Avrupa, filolojisi yap\u0131yorum. \u00dczerinde u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m, ikinci dereceden, olas\u0131, tekd\u00fcze ve birinci derecedeki olaylar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131ndan elde edilmi\u015f, fark edilen, bilinen birtak\u0131m olaylar\u0131 ele al\u0131p onlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak; ama belirli \u00f6zellikleri olan olaylar\u0131. Ho\u015f, \u015furada burada, kitaplar\u0131mda insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015fleyi\u015fi konusunda yazm\u0131\u015f olabilece \u011fim ilgin\u00e7 laflar bulunabilir. Ama bu \u00f6nem verdi\u011fim bir \u015fey de\u011fil. Bu benim ipin bir l\u00fcks, hatta bir oyundan farks\u0131z. Ya da \u015fiirsel bir bo\u015fal\u0131m.
\n\u2014 Bu durumda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme\/erinizin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc genelle\u015ftir
\nmesini reddediyorsunuz, ki bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeleriniz asl\u0131nda\u00bb
\n\u00abdurum\u00bb \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeleri…
\nDUMEZ\/L \u2014 Hepimiz ister istemez \u00f6\u011fretimimiz gere\u011fi, bizi s\u0131navlara, yar\u0131\u015fmalara haz\u0131rlayan \u00f6\u011fretim bi\u00e7imimizden etkilendik Bu, bizi ko\u015fulland\u0131r\u0131yor. Y\u00f6nlendirme ama ayn\u0131 zamanda da s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma. Levi-S\u00eerauss filozofi i\u00e7inde. Yani ben \u00f6nemli sorunlar\u0131 onun gibi ortaya koymuyorum, sezgilerim do\u011frultusunda bile olsa. Kimileri \u00abDumezilyen kuram\u00bb dan s\u00f6z ederler, ama ben kuramc\u0131 de\u011filim, Dumezilyan hi\u00e7 de\u011filim,
\n\u2014 Sizin g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fczde ya\u015fam\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan \u00fcp \u015fey
\noldu\u011funu, bunlar\u0131n aile, eser ve arkada\u015flar oldu\u011funu s\u0131k
\ns\u0131k yineliyorsunuz…
\nDumezil \u2014 Daha do\u011frusu \u015f\u00f6yle diyorum : Benim ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fey vard\u0131r. \u00abVar olman\u0131n genel kurallar\u0131\u00bb \u015feklinde bir \u00f6nerim yok. Ama olduk\u00e7a uzun zamand\u0131r politikaya olan ilgimi kaybetti\u011fimden ve sanat i\u00e7in yetenekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131mdan, bu \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131 yeterince de\u011ferlendiriyorlar.
\n\u2014 Demek ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yutucu bir niteli\u011fi oldu\u011funu ve bu
\nnun y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor sunuz?
\nDumezil \u2014 Tabii ki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yer kaplamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyemem. Ni\u00e7in? B\u00fcy\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kla ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc yapamayaca\u011f\u0131mdan. Ama yine de asl\u0131nda benim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan bu de\u011fildi.
\n\u2014 B\u00fct\u00fcn kitaplar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve bunca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 hep ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc
\nyapamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan m\u0131 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011finizi
\nd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?
\nDumezil \u2014 \u00abKader\u00bb s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden nefret ederim, ama insanda kimi zaman \u00ab\u015fu ya da bu \u015fey i\u00e7in varoldu\u011fu\u00bb kan\u0131s\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r bas\u0131yor.
\n\u2014 Nas\u0131l ki \u00abeser\u00bb genetik programda yaz\u0131l\u0131ysa?…
\nDumezil \u2014 \u00d6yle diyelim isterseniz.
\n\u2014 Bir g\u00fcn bana \u00abE\u011fer hatal\u0131ysam, yan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsam, ya\u015fam\u0131
\nm\u0131n bir anlam\u0131 yok demektir\u00bb demi\u015ftiniz…
\nDumezil \u2014 Bilimsel ya\u015fam\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan evet. Ama yine de bu do\u011fru de\u011fil. Hatal\u0131ysam bile bunun bir i\u015flevi olacakt\u0131r. En az\u0131ndan beni e\u011flendirir. Zaten bug\u00fcn baz\u0131 \u015feyleri \u00abyeniden yapmak\u00bb i\u00e7in art\u0131k \u00e7ok ge\u00e7. Hatalar\u0131mdan ka\u00e7amam. T\u00fcm\u00fcyle yanl\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fum varsay\u0131’\u0131rsa da Hint-Avrupa ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m Riemann ve Lobatchevs-ki’nin geometrileri gibi olur; ger\u00e7e\u011fin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yap\u0131lar. Ama bu da o kadar k\u00f6l\u00fc de\u011fil. B\u00f6yle bir durumda k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerdeki b\u00f6lmesi de\u011fi\u015ftirmem yeterli olur. \u00abRomanlar\u00bb b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ge\u00e7erim.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Derleyen: Uygör Eremektar Kafdağı, Kuzey Kafkasya Kültür Derneği Aylık Kültür Sanat ve Haber Dergisi, Yıl 1, Sayı, 1 Şubat 1987 Georges Dumezil 88 yıla sığdırdığı dopdolu yaşamını Paris’te geçirdiği bir beyin kana-ması sonucu 11 Ekim 1986’da noktaladı. Ünlü Fransız tarihçisi, arkeolog, dil araştır-macısı, mitoloji ve eski edebiyatlar uzmanı Georges Dumezil özellikle Hint-Avrupa dilleri ve kültürleri 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