![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image4\/0281-sur.GIF\")
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M. Ali Abakay<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma,\u00a0 1999-2003 Y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 Haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z “<\/i>Diyarbak\u0131r Kalesi” isimli kitab\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z yak\u0131n zamanda yay\u0131n \u00f6ncesi k\u0131smen sitemizde yer alacakt\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i> Surlarda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada tespitine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan motiflerle kabartmalar,\u00a0 s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fark\u0131nda olunmayan motiflerle kabartmalar olabilir.\u00a0 Geni\u015f,\u00a0 olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alan\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan surlarda, bur\u00e7larda saptanan motifler ve kabartmalar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fekli: \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Akrep: <\/b>Sonradan a\u00e7\u0131lan Tek Kap\u0131 yan\u0131ndaki Eyyubi Burcu\u2019nda akrebi elinde tutan ba\u011fda\u015f kurmu\u015f insan kabartmas\u0131 akrebe ili\u015fkin tek \u00f6rnektir. <\/span><\/p>\n Aslan: <\/b>Bur\u00e7larda olduk\u00e7a rastlanan arslan kabartmas\u0131, insan ba\u015fl\u0131, kanatl\u0131, ejder kuyruklu olmak \u00fczere farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerde yer almaktad\u0131r. Ulu Beden, Yedi Karde\u015f, Nur Burcu, Melik\u015fah Burcu, \u0130\u00e7 Kale Saray Giri\u015fi,\u00a0 Eyyubi Burcu(Akrep Burcu yan\u0131), Da\u011f Kap\u0131, Mardin Kap\u0131, Urfa Kap\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fik kabartmalar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bur\u00e7lard\u0131r. Nur Burcu ve Melik\u015fah Burcu\u2019ndaki arslan kabartmalar\u0131, kompozisyon olarak farkl\u0131l\u0131k arzeder. Arslanlar, g\u00fclen simaya sahiptir. Ulu Beden\u2019deki iki arslan kabartmas\u0131 insan ba\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Bo\u011fa-\u00d6k\u00fcz: <\/b>Bur\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki yap\u0131larda s\u0131kl\u0131kla rastlanan kabartmalar, genelde arslan\u0131n av\u0131 bi\u00e7imlidir. Ulu Camii ana kap\u0131s\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yer alan arslan-bo\u011fa m\u00fccadelesine, kiliselerde\u00a0 de rastlan\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 Kale Saray Giri\u015fi\u2019nde ayn\u0131 kabartmalar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Da\u011f Kap\u0131 ve Mardin Kap\u0131 kabartmalar\u0131 genel kabartmalardan estetik olarak farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Kaplan kabartmas\u0131 \u015feklinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclecek bi\u00e7imler, kimi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131larca\u2019\u2019Dicle Kaplan\u0131\u2019\u2019ismiyle adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 Ku\u015flar:<\/b> Urfa Kap\u0131, Melik\u015fah Burcu, Nur Burcu, Ulu Beden, Yedi Karde\u015f, Da\u011f Kap\u0131 y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 ku\u015flar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bur\u00e7lard\u0131r. \u00c7ift ba\u015fl\u0131 kartal, Urfa Kap\u0131, Ulu Beden ve Yedi Karde\u015f\u2019te egemen kabartmad\u0131r.\u00a0 Kartal beraberinde \u015eahin\u2019i an\u0131msatan y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 ku\u015f kabartmas\u0131 yan\u0131nda g\u00fcvercin kabartmas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.\u00a0 Melik\u015fah ve Nur Burcu\u2019ndaki Ku\u015f tasvirlerinde kuyruk ve kanatlar a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu, g\u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6sterisini and\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Hayvan Fig\u00fcrleri:<\/b> Mardin kap\u0131 ve Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019da Abbasilere ait kabul edilen boynuzlu hayvan (Ke\u00e7i, \u00f6k\u00fcz) fig\u00fcrleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Sel\u00e7uklu (Melik\u015fah) Burcu\u2019nda m\u00fccadele eden iki ke\u00e7i kabartmas\u0131, burcun kitabesinin birinci sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda orant\u0131l\u0131 yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nur Burcu\u2019nun kitabesinin son sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde iki da\u011f ke\u00e7isi kabartmas\u0131, Melik\u015fah Burcu\u2019ndaki kabartmalardan daha ustal\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Kad\u0131n Fig\u00fcr\u00fc:<\/b> Giyinik olmayan iki kad\u0131n fig\u00fcr\u00fc, Kitabenin son sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011f\u0131nda ve solunda yer al\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n El Fig\u00fcr\u00fc:<\/b> Da\u011f Kap\u0131 burcunda el fig\u00fcr\u00fc i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. Bu fig\u00fcr, el i\u00e7inden olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n At Fig\u00fcr\u00fc:<\/b> Nur Burcu\u2019nda e\u011ferli fakat binicisiz iki at hareketli bi\u00e7imde yer al\u0131r. At fig\u00fcr\u00fc sadece Nur Burcu\u2019nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Konsollar: <\/b>Ulu Beden Burcu\u2019ndaki konsollar, tarz\u0131yla Yedi Karde\u015f\u2019teki konsollardan ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Ulu Beden konsollar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye de\u011fer bi\u00e7imiyle orijinalli\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Ni\u015fler-\u00c7\u0131kmalar: <\/b>Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019da ana kap\u0131 yanlar\u0131nda i\u015flenmi\u015f, mini s\u00fctunlu iki ni\u015f bulunur. Bu ni\u015flere di\u011fer kap\u0131larda rastlanmaz. Sadece Yedi Karde\u015f Burcu\u2019nun Alt K\u0131sm\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ni\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Geometrik \u015eekiller: <\/b>\u00a0Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019da, Mardin Kap\u0131\u2019da bu tarz \u015fekillere rastlan\u0131r.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Anlamland\u0131r\u0131lamayan \u015eekiller: <\/b>Kalenin ilk yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na ait d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu \u015fekiller inan\u00e7la ilgili olabilme ihtimali y\u00fcksektir: Gamal\u0131 ha\u00e7lar, g\u00fcne\u015f kurslar\u0131, \u00e7ok k\u00f6\u015feli y\u0131ld\u0131zlar ve di\u011fer \u00e7izimler. Mardin Kap\u0131 surlar\u0131nda bu tarz geometrik \u015fekiller yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Okunamayan Kitabeler: <\/b>Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019daki Roma ve Mardin Kap\u0131 Kitabeleri t\u00fcm\u00fcyle okunmu\u015f kitabeler de\u011fildir. Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019daki bir kitabenin yaz\u0131 karakterinin hangi dile ait oldu\u011fu bilinmemektedir. Hilar Kitabeleri\u2019ndeki yaz\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmeyi\u015fi gibi okunmas\u0131 gereken kitabelerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 da K\u00fcfi yaz\u0131lard\u0131r. Bu tarz yaz\u0131lar\u0131n beyaz ta\u015fa (Malta ta\u015f\u0131)yaz\u0131lanlar\u0131, zaman i\u00e7inde bozulmu\u015ftur. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Bitki Fig\u00fcr\u00fc:<\/b> Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019da yer almaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Surlarda kitabeleri incelerken Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da egemenlik kuran devletleri,\u00a0 beylikleri h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131k y\u0131llar\u0131na g\u00f6re belirtmek laz\u0131md\u0131r. \u015eehre hakim olan bir\u00e7ok beylik, kitabe b\u0131rakmazken baz\u0131 devletlerin de kitabelerine rastlama s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. <\/span><\/p>\n Yengi-yenilgi durumlar\u0131nda mevcut kitabelerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131,\u00a0 tahribe u\u011frayan bur\u00e7larda kitabelerin kaybolmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bir\u00e7ok kitabe onar\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde yap\u0131 malzemesi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bur\u00e7larda\u00a0 kitabelerin, fig\u00fcrlerin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi bunu g\u00f6sterir. Da\u011f Kap\u0131 onar\u0131m bu husustaki varsay\u0131m g\u00fc\u00e7lenmektedir. <\/span><\/p>\n Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a Egemen olan Devletler ve Beylikler:<\/b> S\u00fcmerler, Akadlar; Babiller, Etiler, Mittaniler, Komuklar<\/u> (Kumuklar)<\/strong>, Asurlular, Tiglat Plasar ve Mildi\u015fler, Kurhiler, Urartular, Medler, \u0130skitler, K\u0131mriler, Medyal\u0131lar,\u00a0 Elaml\u0131lar, Lidyal\u0131lar, Persler, \u0130skender D\u00f6nemi, Sel\u00f6sitler, Partlar, Trajan D\u00f6nemi, Sasaniler, Roma D\u00f6nemi, Do\u011fu Romal\u0131lar, \u0130ran-Do\u011fu Roma Ara D\u00f6nemi, D\u00f6rt Halife D\u00f6nemi, Emevi-Abbasi D\u00f6nemi, \u015eeyho\u011fullar\u0131,\u00a0 Handano\u011fullar\u0131, B\u00fcveyho\u011fullar\u0131, Mervaniler, Sel\u00e7uklular, Y\u0131nalo\u011fullar\u0131,\u00a0 Nisano\u011fullar\u0131, Artuklular, Cengiz Ara D\u00f6nemi, Eyyubiler, Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131, \u0130lhanl\u0131lar, Timur Ara D\u00f6nemi, Akkoyunlular, Karakoyunlular,\u00a0 Safeviler, Osmanl\u0131lar. Surlarda kitabeleri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan egemenlikler\u00a0: <\/span><\/p>\n \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyen kitabeler (kabartmalar-\u015fekiller), Roma, Do\u011fu Roma,\u00a0 Abbasi, Mervaniler, B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu, Suriye Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131, Y\u0131nalo\u011fullar\u0131,\u00a0 Nisano\u011fullar\u0131, Artuklular, Eyy\u00fcbiler, Akkoyunlu, Osmanl\u0131.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n SURLAR HAKKINDA \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcME \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130N G\u00d6R\u00dc\u015eLER\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya kadar bu kitabelerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, kitabelerin yer de\u011fi\u015fimi olmu\u015ftur. Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Cumhuriyet\u2019e kadar kitabelerle ilgili de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kay\u0131tlarda bilgi mevcut de\u011fildir. Kanuni\u2019nin Saray Kap\u0131, Arbeda\u015f Kitabesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Kitabelerine rastlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Di\u011fer yap\u0131larda bulunan kitabeler de Ulu Camii ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Valilerin adlar\u0131na yapt\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 yap\u0131lar, konumuz d\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.) Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019\u0131n sur i\u00e7indeki yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek, sur d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki yap\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 te\u015fvik eden Vali Karsl\u0131 Hatuno\u011flu \u0130smail Pa\u015fa\u2019d\u0131r. Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n giri\u015fimleri sonucu \u015fehirdeki yeni yap\u0131la\u015fma i\u00e7in h\u00fck\u00fcmet kona\u011f\u0131 olmak \u00fczere resmi daireler \u015fehir d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk \u015fehir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 camii de Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n karde\u015fi Meded Bey ad\u0131na yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 camiidir. Pa\u015fa\u2019dan sonra gelen Vali\u2019ye ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n zorlu\u011fu ve havalar\u0131n s\u0131cak olu\u015funa dair itirazlar, bu olumlu geli\u015fmeyi durdurtmu\u015ftur. 1930\u2019dan sonras\u0131 yerle\u015fim plan\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, tarihi doku bu y\u00fczden zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6zellikle Harput ve Mardin Kap\u0131 Surlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 yerel y\u00f6netimin bilgisi dahilinde olmu\u015ftur. Vali \u0130smail Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 giri\u015fim devam ettirilmi\u015f olsayd\u0131, Diyarbak\u0131r Kalesi Surlar\u0131yla bu denli tahribata, y\u0131k\u0131ma maruz kalmaz, b\u0131rak\u0131lmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n Cumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde surlarla ilgili kitabeler s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.\u00a0 Da\u011f Kap\u0131, Mardin Kap\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nemin belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131 Naz\u0131m \u00d6nen taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi bilinmektedir. Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda da bu y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n valilerce yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer al\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nem valileri olarak Nizamettin ve Faiz Erg\u00fcn g\u00f6sterilir. Cumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde meydana gelen y\u0131k\u0131ma kar\u015f\u0131 tepkiler, y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 durdurtur ve Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda bu \u015fehrin fahri hem\u015fehrisi Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa,\u00a0 tarihi surlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llara kadar \u015eehir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131la\u015fma g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. 1970\u2019lerden sonra \u0130\u00e7 Kale Surlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lan evler sebebiyle birer ta\u015f kayna\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi s\u00f6z konusudur. \u00c7arp\u0131k yap\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 te\u015fvik eden anlay\u0131\u015f, imara a\u00e7\u0131k tutulmayan alanlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015flatmay\u0131nca il\u00e7elerden, k\u00f6ylerden \u015fehre g\u00f6\u00e7 eden ailelerin gecekondula\u015fmaya gitmesine zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 Kale\u2019den Ke\u00e7i Burcu\u2019na kadar i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlarda tamam\u0131yla olu\u015fan gecekondula\u015fma, zamanla Mardin Kap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7-d\u00f6rt bur\u00e7 \u00fcst\u00fcnden Melik\u015fah Burcu\u2019na oradan da Urfa Kap\u0131 civar\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 Kale’nin Dicle\u2019ye bakan y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki gecekondula\u015fma, Yeni Kap\u0131\u2019ya kadar olan b\u00f6l\u00fcmde k\u00fcme evlerini olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Gecekondula\u015fmayla yap\u0131lan evlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer yer sur ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131, tahribat\u0131 art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Oy kayg\u0131s\u0131, naz\u0131m plan\u0131ndan yoksun \u015fehrin gerek yerel gerek di\u011fer idarecilerin \u00e7arp\u0131k kentle\u015fmeye g\u00f6z yummas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f, surlar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn asliyetini kaybetmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gabriel\u2019in 1932\u2019deki g\u00f6zleminde Ulu Beden i\u00e7in ta\u015f oca\u011f\u0131 saptamas\u0131, tarihi eserlere duyars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015faretidir.<\/p>\n 1980 sonras\u0131 artan g\u00f6\u00e7ler,\u00a0 gecekondula\u015fmay\u0131 art\u0131rm\u0131\u015f,\u00a0 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla surlarda olumsuzluklar artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sadece Turistik Cadde ve k\u0131smen Ke\u00e7i Burcu i\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, yerle\u015fime a\u00e7\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1990 sonras\u0131 surlar\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcndeme geli\u015fiyle yeni yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne k\u0131smen ge\u00e7ilerek, onar\u0131mlar\u0131n yer yer yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Onar\u0131mlar daha \u00e7ok merkezi alanlarda ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan onar\u0131mlar\u0131n tarihi dokuya ne kadar uygun oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2018daki burcun onar\u0131m\u0131 y\u0131llarca s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7, yerel ve ulusal bas\u0131nda bir ucube olarak ele\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n 2000\u2019li y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan onar\u0131mlarda ise as\u0131l yap\u0131ya uymayan,\u00a0 plan d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan, onar\u0131mdan \u00e7ok ihale \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirme ama\u00e7l\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnen \u00fcsl\u00fbp ile davran\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kullan\u0131lan ana malzeme olan Bazalt\u2019\u0131n fabrikasyon imalat ile \u00fcretimi, surlardaki orijinal bi\u00e7ime uyum sa\u011flamaktan uzakt\u0131r. \u0130n\u015faatvari anlay\u0131\u015f, onar\u0131mlar sonras\u0131\u2019\u2019Ke\u015fke eski-y\u0131k\u0131k hali devam etseydi de\u2019\u2019ele\u015ftirisine dayal\u0131 sonuca g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, bir\u00e7ok insan\u0131, konuya duyarl\u0131 olanlar\u0131.<\/p>\n Surlar\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik karar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131yla birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar durmu\u015ftur. Birer tarihi zenginlik olan bur\u00e7lar\u0131n \u0130\u00e7 Kale\u2019yle bir arada onar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131,\u00a0 beklenen en \u00f6nemli husustur.\u00a0 \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n devam\u0131 ile bir \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak olana i\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7acakt\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda turizme kazand\u0131r\u0131lacak bur\u00e7lar, ayn\u0131 zamanda ekonomiye s\u00fcrekli bir canl\u0131l\u0131k getirecektir.<\/p>\n Diyarbak\u0131r bur\u00e7lar\u0131ndan sadece Da\u011f Kap\u0131 ile Tek Beden k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu iki burcun, di\u011fer bur\u00e7lardaki onar\u0131mlar\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131yla \u00f6zel kurulu\u015flara kiralanmas\u0131 gerekir. <\/span><\/p>\n \u0130\u00e7 Kale K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi bir ka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde faaliyete ge\u00e7ti\u011fi zaman, \u00f6zellikle merkezi alanda bulunan bu iki bur\u00e7, ticari ama\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6n planda bulunmayan, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara y\u00f6nelik faaliyet g\u00f6steren vak\u0131f ve derneklere tahsis edilebilir. Cafe-Restaurant gibi istihdam sa\u011flayacak i\u015fletmelere tahsis edilecek bur\u00e7lar, el sanatlar\u0131n\u0131n, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 i\u015fletmelerin de yer alaca\u011f\u0131 Urfa Kap\u0131\u2019dan Tek Kap\u0131\u2019ya ve Mardin Kap\u0131\u2019dan -Yedi Karde\u015f ile Ulu Beden Burcu hari\u00e7- Urfa Kap\u0131\u2019ya kadar bur\u00e7lar gereken \u015fartlar haz\u0131rlanarak,\u00a0 turizme kazand\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kitabe ta\u015f\u0131yan bur\u00e7lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na dair \u00f6zel \u015fartlar konulmal\u0131d\u0131r;F\u0131nd\u0131k, Eyy\u00fbbi ve Mervani Burcu gibi. Bu tarz bur\u00e7lar\u0131n daha \u00e7ok g\u00f6rselli\u011fi \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Bur\u00e7lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na dair \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131l\u0131rken, projelerin istihdama y\u00f6nelik olu\u015funa \u00f6nem verilmelidir. <\/span><\/p>\n Bu tarz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda\u00a0 kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck olan bur\u00e7lar, birden \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015f yerlerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir. Kitap\u00e7\u0131lara, z\u00fccaciyecilere, hediyelik e\u015fya sat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bur\u00e7lar\u0131n da s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Zamanla her i\u015f kolunun yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar belirginle\u015fir. Surlar\u0131n D\u00fcnyaca k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131 kabul edilmesi,\u00a0 bu alandaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ancak d\u00fczenli ve programl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu sebeple \u00e7ok kat\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 komisyonlar olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Sadece mimari alanlardaki olu\u015fumlarla yetinilmemeli, konuyla ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar da komisyonlarda g\u00f6rev almal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu g\u00fcne kadar surlarla ilgili kitaplar,\u00a0 makaleler,\u00a0 eski foto\u011fraflar bir araya getirilmeli,\u00a0 kitabeler yay\u0131nlardan ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak terc\u00fcme yapabilecek kurul olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fclke tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda surlara da yer verilmelidir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n \u00d6ncelikle yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve devam eden haz\u0131rl\u0131klar \u00a0olumludur. Her ne kadar halkta tarihi eserleri koruma bilinci s\u00f6z konusu ise de bu bilin\u00e7,\u00a0 yerel bas\u0131nda ve yerel televizyon ile radyolarda yap\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla peki\u015ftirilmelidir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Surlarda \u00e7evre d\u00fczenlenmesi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise de i\u00e7 mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n temizli\u011fi sa\u011flanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu temizli\u011fin yap\u0131larak, halka \u00f6zellikle surlara yak\u0131n olan mahallelerdeki sakinlerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmelidir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Kitabelerin ve sur alanlar\u0131n\u0131n tarihi eser ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 korunmas\u0131,\u00a0 tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131, var olan tedbirlerin g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesi \u015fartt\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok kitabenin tahrip edildi\u011fi, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, onar\u0131mlar esnas\u0131nda kay\u0131plar\u0131n oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenenler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yap\u0131lacak bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile mevcut b\u00fct\u00fcn kitabeler, fig\u00fcrler envanter \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile tespit edilmeli,\u00a0 \u00f6nceki yay\u0131nlardan bu konuyla ilgili bilgiler b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilmelidir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n \u0130l Milli E\u011fitim M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ortak bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya y\u00f6nelerek okullarda tarihi eserlerin \u00f6nemi vurgulanmal\u0131, konferanslar verilmeli,\u00a0 surlar\u0131n okul gezi planlar\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda \u015fehrin di\u011fer tarihi eserlerini, \u015fairlerini, yazarlar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131tmay\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan \u00f6zellikle ilk\u00f6\u011fretim-lise \u00f6\u011frencilerine, halka y\u00f6nelik kitap, bro\u015f\u00fcr yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda bulunulmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar esnas\u0131nda fikirleri raporlar \u015feklinde al\u0131nmas\u0131na, yerel y\u00f6netimlerle konu uzmanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda i\u015f birli\u011fi kurulmas\u0131na dair toplant\u0131lar yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00f6denek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmektedir. Bizce yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n verimli olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131, onar\u0131mlara d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00fcvensizlik g\u00f6lgesi bu alanda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen, yap\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 etkilememelidir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Surlar\u0131n bir g\u00fcn \u015fehrin d\u00fcnyaya tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 di\u011fer eserlerle b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u00e7inde yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlaman\u0131n \u015fevkiyle hareket edebilir, \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, emek sarf edersek…\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Objektif anlat\u0131mdan ayr\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fimiz olumsuz tablolarla yans\u0131tt\u0131k. Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki, Diyarbak\u0131r Kalesi, bur\u00e7lar\u0131yla e\u015fsiz yap\u0131dad\u0131r. Bu g\u00fcne kadar yap\u0131lan onar\u0131mlar yine koruma ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r,\u00a0 \u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Bundan sonraki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla hakk\u0131 olan konuma gelerek,\u00a0 y\u0131llard\u0131r onar\u0131ms\u0131z kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde bulundu\u011fu \u015fehrin ekonomik-sosyal canlanmas\u0131nda katk\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umdu\u011fumuz Diyarbak\u0131r Kalesi ve Surlar\u0131, \u015fehrin d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131lan penceresi oldu\u011fu zaman, d\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne miras gelen Kale\u2019yle Surlar\u2019\u0131n yar\u0131na miras kalaca\u011f\u0131ndan kimsenin \u015f\u00fcphesi olmas\u0131n. T\u00fcm mesele budur, d\u00fcnden bu g\u00fcne uzay\u0131p \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyen bilmece. <\/span><\/p>\n SURLARLA \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 YAYINLAR\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z incelemede surlarla ilgili olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz,\u00a0 ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131z\u0131n\u00a0 bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde surlar\u0131 sekiz ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplayarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olanlar\u0131, yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekli olanlar\u0131 ve acil yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yetkililerin dikkatine sunmak istiyoruz. (\u2018\u2019Diyarbak\u0131r Kalesi ve Surlar\u0131n\u0131n G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Durumu\u2018\u2019 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde konu ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/p>\n Surlarla ilgili g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar konu b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sahip bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve inceleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in anlat\u0131lanlar daima makalelerde kalm\u0131\u015f, haz\u0131rlanan raporlar yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015f, yap\u0131lan onar\u0131mlarla ilgili bilgiler payla\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 Sadece bas\u0131nda yer alan kimi a\u00e7\u0131klamalar,\u00a0 haberler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda gerekti\u011fi gibi konuya a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirilmedi\u011finden yap\u0131lanlar\u0131n ne oldu\u011funa dair kamuoyu yeteri oranda bilgilendirilmemi\u015ftir. Surlara ili\u015fkin medyatik hale getirilen Ke\u00e7i Burcu, yap\u0131lan sergiler, daima bas\u0131nda ve televizyonlarda g\u00f6sterilen surlar\u0131n orijinal kalm\u0131\u015f bur\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 kitap ve katalog ile bro\u015f\u00fcrlerde Yedi Karde\u015f, Ulu Beden gibi sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bur\u00e7larla Urfa Kap\u0131, Da\u011f Kap\u0131 yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Aysberg gibi sadece g\u00f6sterilen bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, surlar\u0131n sa\u011flam oldu\u011funu ve onar\u0131mlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla, birka\u00e7 gecekondunun y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131yla i\u015flerin bitirilerek surlar\u0131n kurtar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, \u2019\u2019D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras\u0131\u2019\u2019olarak, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n sekizinci harikas\u0131 se\u00e7ilece\u011fi belirtilse de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a sonuca ula\u015f\u0131lamaz… Yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalar,\u00a0 bas\u0131n boyutuyla tatmin olunmaktan uzakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc surlardaki ve bur\u00e7lardaki son yirmi y\u0131lda artan tahribat olduk\u00e7a fazlad\u0131r.\u00a0 Bas\u0131ndaki haberler, tarafs\u0131z g\u00f6zle ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda muhabirlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n surlar hakk\u0131nda bilgi sahibi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Yeteri kadar ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, var olan makalelere ula\u015f\u0131lmadaki zorluk ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131daki eserlere m\u00fcracaat, yap\u0131lan\u0131n yetersizli\u011fine i\u015farettir. Daha \u00e7ok ba\u015fvurulan say\u0131n Beysano\u011flu\u2019nun eserleri de konuyu geni\u015f bi\u00e7imde ele almaktan uzakt\u0131r. O halde yap\u0131lanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131yla surlarla ilgilenenlerin deme\u00e7leri i\u00e7erir. Bu, yerel bas\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmaktan \u00f6te yeteri kadar bilgi sahibi olmayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn haber s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 surlarla gidermesi \u015feklinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Diyarbak\u0131r ile ilgili derneklerin, vak\u0131flar\u0131n say\u0131ca az olu\u015fu, var olanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun Anadolu\u2019da ve \u0130stanbul\u2019da bulunanlar\u0131n\u00a0 hem\u015fehrilik ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kuvvetlendirme ama\u00e7l\u0131 kurulmas\u0131, surlarla ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda Ankara merkezli \u015fubesi Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da bulunan Diyarbak\u0131r Tan\u0131tma K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Yard\u0131mla\u015fma Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n etkinlikleriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Vak\u0131f, bu alanda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc Prof. Dr. Halil De\u011fertekin imzal\u0131 biri \u00e7eviri olmak \u00fczere d\u00f6rt kitap yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n De\u011fertekin\u2019in Diyarbak\u0131r Kitabeleri, surlardaki yaz\u0131tlarla fig\u00fcrlerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ine alan foto\u011frafik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. Di\u011fer eserleri surlara ili\u015fkin kitap\u00e7\u0131k ebat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bilgiler i\u00e7eren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalard\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131zda Gabriel\u2019in surlarla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri, \u00d6zsezgin\u2019in \u00e7evirisinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Vakf\u0131n surlarla ilgili foto\u011fraf ar\u015fivi de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bir k\u0131s\u0131m makalelerde surlarla ilgili at\u0131flar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise de al\u0131nt\u0131lar genelde ayn\u0131 kaynaklardand\u0131r. K\u0131s\u0131r bir d\u00f6ng\u00fc i\u00e7erisinde surlar\u0131 anlatan yaz\u0131larda sebep-sonu\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi irdelenmeden, surlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u00fczerinde durulmu\u015ftur. Dicle \u00dcniversitesi’nin bu hususta ne gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc surlar\u0131 ana konu alan yay\u0131nlar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bilinmemektedir.<\/p>\n Prof. Dr. Z\u00fclk\u00fcf G\u00fcneli\u2019nin ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde surlar ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Prof. Dr. Orhan Cezmi Tuncer\u2019in kimi eserlerinde surlar ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ise de m\u00fcstakil manada bir kitap \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 Dicle \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde tez ama\u00e7l\u0131 haz\u0131rlanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar bulunmakta ise de bu tezleri incelememiz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ulusal yay\u0131nda bulunan gezi-seyahat dergileri hakk\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimiz s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131c\u0131 bir ele\u015ftiriyle ayr\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Surlar Hakk\u0131nda Yay\u0131nlar\u2019a al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n D\u0130YARBAKIR KALES\u0130 VE SURLARI \u0130LE \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 G\u00d6RSEL MALZEME\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n \u2019Diyarbak\u0131r Kalesi ve Surlar\u0131 ile \u0130lgili G\u00f6rsel Malzeme\u2019\u2019ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda konuyla ilgili foto\u011fraf\u00a0 \u00e7eken isimler ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda bulunarak \u2018\u2019Kale ve Surlar\u2019\u2019hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli etkiler b\u0131rakan isimler az olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bu g\u00fcn de yer yer kitaplarda de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. Foto\u011fraf ar\u015fivimizde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunan isimler-kitaplar:\u00a0 <\/b> 1- Amida: <\/b>Frans\u0131z Generali Beyliye\u2019nin \u00e7ekti\u011fi, \u00e7ektirdi\u011fi, Diyarbak\u0131rl\u0131 foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekenlerden temin etti\u011fi foto\u011fraflar, ilk kez bu kitapta bir araya getirilmi\u015ftir. Kitapta yer alan baz\u0131 foto\u011fraflar\u0131n orijinalinin de ar\u015fivimizde bulundu\u011fu t\u00fcm foto\u011fraflar, \u015fehre ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemli birer belgedir. Amida\u2019dan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm foto\u011fraf, ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131zda yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n 2- Voyage archeolojik dans la Turquie Oriental:<\/b> Gabriel\u2019in bu eserinin ikinci cildini olu\u015fturan foto\u011fraflar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019la ilgili tarihi eserler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu foto\u011fraflardan ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131za \u00f6rnekler al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n 3- S\u00fcleyman Sezgin:<\/b> Ziya G\u00f6kalp Lisesi Resim \u00d6\u011fretmeni Sezgin\u2019in Prof. Dr. Selahattin Yaz\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu\u2019na verdi\u011fi foto\u011fraflar, \u2019\u2019D\u00fcnden Bug\u00fcne Diyarbak\u0131r Foto\u011fraflar\u0131\u2019\u2019ismiyle 1995\u2019te yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u2018\u2019Diyarbak\u0131r Folklorundan Kesitler, \u2019\u2019Kitab\u0131m\u0131zda ilk kez yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu foto\u011fraflar\u0131n surlarla ilgili olanlar\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131z i\u00e7inde de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. \u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n 4- Adil Tekin: <\/b>Yerel alanda Diyarbak\u0131r ile ilgili Kale ve Sur konulu foto\u011fraflar\u0131yla sergiler a\u00e7an, foto\u011fraflar\u0131 alb\u00fcmle\u015ftiren Tekin\u2019in surlar\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6nemli etkisi vard\u0131r. Foto\u011fraflar\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 son kitap alb\u00fcm\u00fc \u2018\u2019Tarihin Ta\u015flara Yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kent\u2019\u2019 ad\u0131yla vefat\u0131ndan \u00f6nce yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n 5- Abdulkadir \u00c7etin:<\/b> \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kitapla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f olsa da son\u00a0 d\u00f6nemde \u00e7ekti\u011fi kareler \u00f6nemlidir. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 6- Bir Zamanlar Diyarbak\u0131r: <\/b>\u00a0Kentbank\u2019\u0131n yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 foto\u011fraf alb\u00fcm\u00fcnde ar\u015fivlerde kalan \u00f6nemli foto\u011fraflar yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 7- Bir Zamanlar Diyarbekir: <\/b>\u00a0\u015eefik Korkusuz\u2019un yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 karma foto\u011fraflar aras\u0131nda Sezgin\u2019in daha \u00f6nce yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z foto\u011fraflar\u0131 da bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 8- M\u00fcze \u015eehir Diyarbak\u0131r: <\/b>YKY\u2019nin yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehri farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lardan ele alan akademik eserde ar\u015fiv foto\u011fraflar\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 10- Karacada\u011f: <\/b>\u00a0Diyarbak\u0131r Halkevi\u2019nin yay\u0131n organ\u0131 olan Karacada\u011f\u2019da yer alan foto\u011fraflar,\u00a0 bask\u0131 kalitesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00f6nemlidir. \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n 11- Anadolu T\u00fcrk \u0130slam Mimarisinde Sanat\u00e7\u0131lar: <\/b>\u00a0Zeki S\u00f6nmez\u2019in \u00f6nemli ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda Kale ve Surlarla ilgili foto\u011fraflar\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 12- Anadolu Artuklu Devri T\u00fcrk Mimarisinin Geli\u015fmesi:<\/b> Ara Altun\u2019un Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019\u0131 da i\u00e7ine alan ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda \u0130\u00e7 Kale, Ulu Beden ve Yedi Karde\u015f Burcu foto\u011fraflar\u0131, konumuz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131yla \u00f6nem kazanmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n 13- G. Bel: <\/b>\u00a0\u0130ngiliz G\u00f6revli. 1900\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llarda \u0130ngiltere ad\u0131na s\u0131k s\u0131k b\u00f6lgeye gelip foto\u011fraflar \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Ar\u015fivimizde kendisine ait olduk\u00e7a zengin kareler bulunmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n G\u00f6rsel y\u00f6nden mevcut bulunan foto\u011fraflar, s\u00fcrekli kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in\u00a0 ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131zda gerekmedik\u00e7e ar\u015five dayal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara yer verilmemi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Belirtilen eserlerle, foto\u011fraf sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, konu hakk\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapacak olanlar i\u00e7in \u00f6n bilgi olmak \u00fczere ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n \n D\u0130YARBAKIR KALES\u0130 VE SURLARININ G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZDEK\u0130 DURUMU <\/b> <\/span><\/p>\n Diyarbak\u0131r Kalesi ve Surlar , bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00e7er\u00e7evede ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 1- Urfa Kap\u0131-Ulu Beden Sur dizisi\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 2- Ulu Beden-Yedi Karde\u015f Sur Dizisi\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 3- Yedi Karde\u015f-Mardin Kap\u0131 Sur Dizisi\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 4- Ke\u00e7i Burcu-Leblebik\u0131ran Burcu Sur Dizisi\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 5- F\u0131nd\u0131k Burcu-Yeni Kap\u0131 Sur Dizisi\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 6- Yeni Kap\u0131-\u0130\u00e7 Kale Sur Dizisi\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 7- \u0130\u00e7 Kale-Da\u011f Kap\u0131 Sur Dizisi\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n 8- Da\u011f Kap\u0131-Urfa Kap\u0131 Sur Dizisi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmler, yap\u0131lan incelemenin, belirtilenlerin okuyucu ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde de\u011ferlendirilmesi ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Amida\u2019da, Gabriel\u2019de, Savc\u0131\u2019da, S\u00f6nmez\u2019de verilen bur\u00e7 numaraland\u0131r\u0131lma sistemi ile bur\u00e7lar ancak yak\u0131ndan bilen, konu uzman\u0131 olanlar\u0131n anlayabilece\u011fi sistematik tarzda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n URFA KAPI – ULU BEDEN SUR D\u0130Z\u0130S\u0130 Dizide yap\u0131lan onar\u0131mlarda kullan\u0131lan ta\u015flarla orijinal ta\u015flar aras\u0131nda uyum sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi simetrik uyum da g\u00f6zetilmemi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer onar\u0131m alanlar\u0131nda da baz\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmalar beraberinde estetik \u015fekli bozan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmler mevcuttur.<\/p>\n Surlar aras\u0131ndaki payandalar ile bur\u00e7lar\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki payandalar\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131na yeteri oranda \u00f6nem g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 onar\u0131mlarda kald\u0131r\u0131m ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bile kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 foto\u011fraflanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ulu Beden\u2019e var\u0131lan noktaya kadar bir\u00e7ok gecekonduda ve ara yollarda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sur ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ana malzeme olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Ulu Beden\u2019den Yedi Karde\u015f\u2019e uzayan alanda gecekondular\u0131n arka duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 surlar ve bur\u00e7lar olu\u015fturur. Ulu Beden\u2019den dizi sonuna kadar gidebilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Nur Burcu ile Yedi Karde\u015f Burcu\u2019nun foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekimleri, gecekondular\u0131n bur\u00e7lara biti\u015fik olu\u015fu sebebiyle genel olarak al\u0131namam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gecekondularda kalanlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na g\u00f6re, kald\u0131klar\u0131 evler en az (40) y\u0131ll\u0131k yap\u0131lard\u0131r. Gecekondular\u0131n ikinci ve di\u011fer s\u0131ralar\u0131 70\u2019li, 80\u2019li ve 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kimi yap\u0131lar\u0131n iki katl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu dizide d\u00fczenlemeler, Mardin Kap\u0131\u2019da bulunan \u00d6mer \u015eeddad Camii noktas\u0131na kadar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fclen bir\u00e7ok bur\u00e7taki ta\u015f basamak d\u00fczene\u011fi,\u00a0 kalbi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran oval bi\u00e7imde onar\u0131m sonras\u0131 \u015fekillenme kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131 basamak d\u00fczenekleri de birinci dizide g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.\u00a0 Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 tamamlanmayan d\u00fczenekler, estetizmi bozmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n D\u0131\u015f k\u0131s\u0131mda hendek duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n temelleri ve bir k\u0131s\u0131m duvar y\u00fckseltileri korumas\u0131z bi\u00e7imdedir ki as\u0131l onar\u0131mlar dururken bu duvar kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ile temeller ikinci planda kalsalar bile \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. Yedi Karde\u015f Burcu\u2019nda farkl\u0131 zamanlarda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z incelemelerde ikinci katta var olan kitabelerin tahrip edildi\u011fi, baz\u0131 kitabelerin yerinden s\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc foto\u011fraflanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mevcut olan durum yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir yaz\u0131 ile bir b\u00f6lge gazetesinde haber konusu olmu\u015ftur. Ulu Beden gibi Yedi Karde\u015f Burcu da K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Tabiat Varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Koruma Kurulu B\u00f6lge M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn\u00a0 projeyi kabul etmemesi sebebiyle onar\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131 tutulmu\u015ftur. (Dikkat \u00e7eken bir husus, Ulu Beden ile Yedi Karde\u015f i\u00e7in verilmeyen iznin, di\u011fer sur b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri i\u00e7in hangi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler uygulanarak verildi\u011fidir. Elbette, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar teknik-mimari alanda uzmanlar\u0131n uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 kriterlerin\u00a0 ne oldu\u011funu, nelerin olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini bilmeleri olduk\u00e7a zordur. Fakat daha \u00f6nce onar\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lan Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019da PTT kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki burcun onar\u0131m\u0131 y\u0131llar s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, ihaleyi alan firma yasakl\u0131 listesine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Mardin Kap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131 da yasakl\u0131 olan firman\u0131n sahibi taraf\u0131ndan Ankara merkezli bir firma vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. \u0130halelerde belirtilen s\u00f6zle\u015fme maddelerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kma durumlar\u0131nda ne gibi bir i\u015flem yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda bilgi sahibi de\u011filiz.) Dizide ambar-depo olarak kullan\u0131lan baz\u0131 bur\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde demir aksamlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n Alan\u0131n Mardin Kap\u0131 Asri Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yolu \u00f6n\u00fcnde olu\u015fu, ta\u015flar\u0131n zaman zaman mezar yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur. Bu hususu a\u00e7\u0131klayan d\u00f6nemin Sur i\u00e7i Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131, bunu medyaya a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f, haber kup\u00fcrlerini de ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sonras\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/span>Yedi Karde\u015f\u2019ten ge\u00e7tikten sonra Mardin Kap\u0131\u2019ya yak\u0131n, sur \u00fcst\u00fc galerisi dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Ku\u015fatmalar\u0131n s\u0131k s\u0131k eksik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlardan biri olan bu sur dizisinde askerin zayiat vermemesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan galeri, di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde bulunmakta m\u0131yd\u0131? Bunu bilmiyoruz. Ancak, Ke\u00e7i Burcu\u2019nun bat\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde daha itinal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ikinci bir galeri mevcudiyeti, surlarda galerilerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda kan\u0131t say\u0131labilir. \u0130leri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da belirtelim.<\/p>\n <\/span>Galeride baz\u0131 bozulmalar olmu\u015fsa da yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 korumaktad\u0131r. \u0130ki ki\u015finin rahat \u015fekilde ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fi ge\u00e7i\u015f yolunun y\u00fcksekli\u011fi dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.\u00a0 Ke\u00e7i Burcu\u2019ndaki galerinin y\u00fcksekli\u011fi,\u00a0 Mardin Kap\u0131\u2019da son bulan galeriden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Galerinin Mervanl\u0131lardan ya da \u015fehrin imar\u0131na \u00f6nem veren Eyy\u00fbbilerden kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Mardin Kap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da do\u011fu kesimindeki tek burcun i\u00e7 y\u00fczdeki onar\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131,\u00a0 dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n <\/span>Turistlerin yo\u011fun \u015fekilde odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ke\u00e7i Burcu hizas\u0131nda ki burcun onar\u0131mda \u00f6ncelikli bur\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda olmas\u0131 gerekir. Burcun \u00f6n\u00fcndeki basamaklardan olu\u015fan bur\u00e7tan ayr\u0131 olan k\u0131sm\u0131n burca \u00e7\u0131kmak amac\u0131yla m\u0131 yoksa ku\u015fatma ve tehlikeli zamanlarda komutanlar\u0131n askerlere hitap etmek \u00fczere yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f y\u00fckselti oldu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda bir bilgiye ula\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n KE\u00c7\u0130 BURCU-LEBLEB\u0130KIRAN SUR D\u0130Z\u0130S\u0130 Ke\u00e7i Burcu\u2019na kadar olan bur\u00e7lar, 1900\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llara kadar de\u011firmenlere yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle zahire ambar\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 Yak\u0131n zamana kadar da depo olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu bur\u00e7larda kitabelere onar\u0131mlara ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in -kendi tespitimiz- rastlan\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Daha \u00e7ok ku\u015fatmalar\u0131n eksik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131,\u00a0 sava\u015flar\u0131n sonras\u0131 tahribatlar\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu d\u00fczl\u00fck alanlarda kitabe yo\u011funlu\u011fu artar; Da\u011f Kap\u0131, Urfa Kap\u0131, Yedi Karde\u015f ve Esfel\u2019e bakan bur\u00e7 dizisi. Dicle\u2019ye bakan cephe, y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in surlar\u0131n mukavemetinin fazlaca \u00f6nemsenmedi\u011fi, hendek\u00a0 duvar kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n Ke\u00e7i Burcu\u2019nun kitabesi hakk\u0131nda ileriki kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde bilgi verilmi\u015ftir. Burcun onar\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok durulmu\u015f, sanat aktivitelerine uygun geni\u015fli\u011fi ile \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u015fehre ve Dicle\u2019ye, Esfel Bah\u00e7elerine h\u00e2kimiyeti \u2019\u2019Surlar \u2018\u2019denince Ke\u00e7i Burcu\u2019nu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r hale getirmi\u015ftir. Sur dizisindeki Ke\u00e7i Burcu\u2019ndan sonra gelen ilk bur\u00e7ta kitabe bulunmaktad\u0131r. Burcun kitabe \u00fcst\u00fcnde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir mihrap yer al\u0131rken iki sat\u0131rl\u0131k kitabe sonunda iki mihrab\u0131n simetrik olarak s\u0131raland\u0131\u011f\u0131, burcun \u00f6n k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n alt k\u00f6\u015fe ilk temel ta\u015f dizi ba\u015flar\u0131nda birer i\u015flemeli ta\u015f\u0131n yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130kinci bur\u00e7ta da bazalt ta\u015f \u00fczerinde iki sat\u0131rl\u0131k kitabe mevcuttur. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc burcun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ta\u015flar\u0131n s\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ta\u015flar\u0131n gecekondu yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evre sakinlerince belirtilmi\u015f, yap\u0131lardan burca yak\u0131n olanlarda ta\u015flar\u0131n kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc bur\u00e7 \u00fczerinde kitabe bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bur\u00e7, di\u015f yap\u0131s\u0131yla sa\u011flam iken, i\u00e7e d\u00f6n\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Be\u015finci burcun ortas\u0131nda iki sat\u0131rdan olu\u015fan beyaz ta\u015f dizisinde kitabe yer al\u0131rken alt\u0131nc\u0131 bur\u00e7ta kitabe bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 bur\u00e7 ile yedinci bur\u00e7 aras\u0131nda temel ta\u015f dizgisinden yakla\u015f\u0131k bir metre y\u00fckseklikte sat\u0131r ba\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ya da s\u00f6k\u00fclen ta\u015flarla birlikte al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7 sat\u0131rl\u0131k, sat\u0131r sonlar\u0131 toprak y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f Mervani kitabesi yer al\u0131r. \u0130nceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131zda\u00a0 yer mesafesine en yak\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f kitabenin bu sur duvar\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Dizide son bur\u00e7, \u2019\u2019Leblebik\u0131ran \u2018\u2019olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bur\u00e7tur. \u0130sim kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmam\u0131za ra\u011fmen kesinlik arz eden bilgilere ula\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bur\u00e7ta kitabe yer almaktad\u0131r. Fakat i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011fu y\u0131k\u0131k durumda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Leblebik\u0131ran\u2019a kadar olan bur\u00e7 ve sur dizisinde onar\u0131mlar\u0131n yeteri oranda yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu yerinde g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n FINDIK BURCU-YEN\u0130 KAPI SUR D\u0130Z\u0130S\u0130<\/p>\n <\/b><\/span>F\u0131nd\u0131k Burcu, Sultan Melik\u015fah taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130smini yap\u0131n\u0131n yuvarlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla az yer kaplamas\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenen, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olu\u015fu sebebiyle\u2019\u2019F\u0131nd\u0131k \u2018\u2019olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bur\u00e7,\u00a0 kitabelidir. Leblebik\u0131ran ile aras\u0131ndaki on metreye yakla\u015fan a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sebebi dereme, duvarlar\u0131n dayan\u0131ks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. 1900\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llara kadar sur duvar\u0131n\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011fu, daha sonra y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmektedir. F\u0131nd\u0131k\u2019\u0131 takip eden \u00fc\u00e7 bur\u00e7ta da kitabe yer almamaktad\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bur\u00e7 i\u00e7inde ve i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mda sur duvar\u0131nda tand\u0131rlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu dizide yer alan gecekondula\u015fma, \u0130\u00e7 Kale\u2019ye kadar devam eder. Halk\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, Dicle,\u00a0 Hani,\u00a0 Bing\u00f6l civar\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bur\u00e7tan sonra iki sur payandas\u0131 yer al\u0131r. Payandalardan sonras\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131klar ba\u015flar. Bur\u00e7lar yer yer evlerin ya duvarlar\u0131 ya da kondular\u0131n \u00fczerinde s\u0131raland\u0131\u011f\u0131 temeller konumundad\u0131r. G\u00f6rmezlikten gelinen,\u00a0 bur\u00e7larla surlar\u0131n esamesinin okunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, gecekondular\u0131n s\u0131ra \u015feklinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu dizide onar\u0131m s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. \u0130nceleme ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131zda gecekondulardan i\u00e7eri girilerek baz\u0131 foto\u011fraflar \u00e7ekilebilmi\u015ftir. Surlar\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bekleyen sakinlerin tedirginli\u011fi, kendilerine konut alanlar\u0131n\u0131n verilip verilmeyece\u011fi hususunda sorularla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha \u00e7ok iki g\u00f6zden olu\u015fan, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck avlunun mutfa\u011fa, tuvalete ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gecekondularda bazen ayn\u0131 avluyu iki ailenin payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n <\/span> YEN\u0130 KAPI-\u0130\u00c7 KALE SUR D\u0130Z\u0130S\u0130<\/p>\n <\/b><\/span>Yeni Kap\u0131\u2019da\u00a0 surlar\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mda t\u00fcm\u00fcyle imk\u00e2ns\u0131z gibidir. Yeni Kap\u0131 yan\u0131 Direkhane Sokak\u2019ta gecekondular aras\u0131nda ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f,\u00a0 dolgu k\u0131sm\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015f sur kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Yeni Kap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131 sonras\u0131 halkta surlar\u0131n ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kullanman\u0131n cezai m\u00fceyyidelerinin oldu\u011funa dair \u00e7ekingenlik g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Tapusu bulunmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen elektrik ve su abonmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131na \u00e7evrilerek 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llara kadar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gecekondu sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde her an y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131labilir endi\u015fesiyle durmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Kral K\u0131z\u0131 Burcu\u2019nun i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 ka\u00e7ak kaz\u0131larla harabeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u00a0 D\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131n Yeni Kap\u0131\u2019ya bakan y\u00fcz\u00fcnde kitabe yer al\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca burcun \u00f6n y\u00fcz\u00fc -Dicle\u2019ye bakan- taraf\u0131nda ikinci kitabe bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yeni Kap\u0131 dizisinin ikinci burcunda kitabe bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu burcun yan\u0131ndaki sur duvar\u0131 yerle\u015fim alan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, surkondudur. Sur duvar\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan pencere ile d\u00fczenlenen odaya ayd\u0131nlatma sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Surkondunun\u00a0 sokak d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir kap\u0131s\u0131 da sonradan payanda- bur\u00e7 aras\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen duvar\u0131n sa\u011f\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc burcun kitabesiz oldu\u011fu dizide gecekondula\u015fma ba\u015flar.\u00a0 Surlar\u0131 Dicle taraf\u0131ndan takip etme imk\u00e2n\u0131 kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131,\u00a0 patikan\u0131n son buldu\u011fu alanda bir gecekondunun arka kap\u0131s\u0131ndan Direkhane Soka\u011f\u0131’na \u00e7\u0131kma zorunlulu\u011fu sebebiyle \u00e7o\u011fu y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yer yer temelleri bile kalmam\u0131\u015f bur\u00e7lar, ancak ayn\u0131 soka\u011f\u0131n 1. \u00c7\u0131kmaz\u2019\u0131nda bulunan\u00a0 toprak daml\u0131 gecekonduya merdivenle \u00e7\u0131k\u0131larak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n El\u00e7i Sokak\u2019ta gecekondula\u015fma devam ederken,\u00a0 ara ge\u00e7ide d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f sur duvar\u0131n\u0131n iki yanda kalan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden basmakla inilen \u00d6zdemir k\u00fcme evlerinde dikkatimizi kitabesi al\u0131narak, kalan bo\u015flu\u011fun ustal\u0131kla eski ta\u015flarla \u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bur\u00e7 \u00e7ekti veya bu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm, bize kitabesi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bur\u00e7 izlenimini verdi. K\u00fcme evlerden Hz. S\u00fcleyman (Me\u015fhed) Camii alan\u0131na ula\u015fan cadde yaya gidildi\u011fi zaman yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n\u00a0 surlar\u0131n yer yer \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7erek veya surlar \u00fczerine kurularak tarihi dokuyu ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130\u00e7 Kale\u2019de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z incelemede sur i\u00e7inde kitabelere rastlanmad\u0131.\u00a0 Di\u011fer yap\u0131lardaki kitabeler foto\u011fraflanmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen surlar hakk\u0131nda\u00a0 bir ilgi kurulamad\u0131.\u00a0 Dicle\u2019ye bakan cephede mermere hakk edilmi\u015f kitabe beraberinde bir sat\u0131rl\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fan kitabe tespit edildi.\u00a0 Daha \u00f6nce yer alan bir kitabenin sur duvar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla kayboldu\u011funu belirten mahalle sakinleri Kilise oldu\u011fu kaynaklarda tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olan yap\u0131daki kitabenin de bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00f6k\u00fclmesi \u00fczerine yerinin \u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleyince,\u00a0 mevcut kitabe yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u00e7 Kale\u2019nin Fis\u2019te bitimi…<\/p>\n Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019ya kadar uzayan dizinin devam\u0131nda baz\u0131 \u015fekillerle kitabe ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fig\u00fczel bur\u00e7larda yerle\u015ftirilmesi herhangi bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yapmam\u0131za, yorumda bulunmam\u0131z\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirmektedir.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015f yerlerinin y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 ve d\u00fczenleme sonras\u0131 dizide yap\u0131lan onar\u0131mlar durdurulmu\u015ftur. Diyarbak\u0131r Surlar\u2019\u0131nda i\u00e7 alanda kitabeler sadece \u0130\u00e7 Kale\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kanuni, Arbeda\u015f, Hastanelere a\u00e7\u0131lan yoldaki eski un fabrikas\u0131 alan\u0131nda yer alan kitabe ve par\u00e7alar\u0131 ile Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019ya varan dizinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kap\u0131 i\u00e7e d\u00f6n\u00fck alandaki birka\u00e7 kitabe, \u2019\u2019Sadece surlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kitabeler bulunur. \u2019\u2019iddias\u0131n\u0131 as\u0131ls\u0131z k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/b><\/span>\u0130l Milli E\u011fitim M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn bulundu\u011fu Fis Kayas\u0131\u2019ndan Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019ya uzanan sur dizisinde bur\u00e7lar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn onar\u0131m\u0131 zaman\u0131nda tamamlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yar\u0131m kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu alan uzun zaman lokanta,\u00a0 kahvehane,\u00a0 b\u00fcfe ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019nin Hastaneler Caddesi\u2019nde modern \u00fcslupla i\u015f yerlerine getirdi\u011fi yap\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi benimsenmi\u015f, i\u015f yerleri \u015fekil olarak de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1, derecede sit alan\u0131 olan i\u015f yerlerinin y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131nca bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde \u00e7evre d\u00fczenlemeleri yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u015feklini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dizinin Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019ya kadar olan k\u0131sm\u0131nda 2000\u2019de ba\u015flayan onar\u0131mlar kapsam\u0131nda yer yer k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n i\u00e7 cephede yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Saray Kap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n diziyle birle\u015fen b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00e7evre d\u00fczenlemesi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise de s\u0131ra boyunca onar\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bur\u00e7 giri\u015fleri dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan y\u0131k\u0131mdan zarar g\u00f6rmesine ra\u011fmen ana kap\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 sevindiricidir. Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019ya varmadan \u00f6nce, uzanan dizinin son burcunun d\u0131\u015f ve i\u00e7 onar\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 1980\u2019li y\u0131llara kadar at\u0131l vaziyette durmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda i\u015flev kazanmas\u0131, sergilere mek\u00e2n olu\u015fu,\u00a0 \u015fehrin merkezi alan\u0131nda k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n daha \u00f6nce itfaiye hizmetlerine mekan olu\u015fu,\u00a0 baz\u0131 tahribata sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. \u015eehir i\u00e7i minib\u00fcs dura\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan alt k\u0131sm\u0131, dura\u011f\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ye\u015fil alan ve yaya ge\u00e7i\u015fi \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Da\u011f Kap\u0131 Burcu\u2019nun \u00fcst kat\u0131nda bulunan Mervani Mescidi, Mervani h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Eb\u00fb Nas\u0131r Muhammed bin Muhammed bin Cehir taraf\u0131ndan Kitabesine g\u00f6re hicri 447 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yap\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 giri\u015f yolu de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f, giri\u015f yandan verilmi\u015ftir. Kap\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 cephesinde fark edilemeyen katsal\u0131 (\u00e7e\u015fme) faal de\u011fildir. Kastal yan\u0131nda bulunan kabirler, eski \u00f6zelli\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 yan\u0131n\u0131n koruma ama\u00e7l\u0131 demir parmakl\u0131klarla \u00e7evrilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, ilk etapta gerekli zannedilse de yap\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 rahat bi\u00e7imde gezilmesini engellemekte,\u00a0 estetik g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc bozmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00dcst kata \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lan ta\u015f basamaklar, as\u0131l bi\u00e7imi korumak endi\u015fesiyle onar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Giri\u015fte sa\u011fda kalan basamaklarda d\u00fczenlemeye gidilirken soldaki basamaklardan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f olduk\u00e7a zordur. Bu ikilemin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n Tek Beden, Da\u011f Kap\u0131 ile Urfa Kap\u0131 sur dizisi aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015flukta yer al\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu bur\u00e7 ta resmi ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131-D\u00d6S\u0130M yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst katta sat\u0131\u015fa sunuldu\u011fu burcun alt kat\u0131 at\u0131l durumdad\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 Kale K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi Projesi, uygulamaya ge\u00e7ti\u011fi zaman bu bur\u00e7lar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunan kurulu\u015flara verilmelidir. (Bu konu, Surlar Hakk\u0131nda \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcme \u0130li\u015fkin G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler\u2019de irdelenmi\u015ftir.)<\/p>\n Tek Beden\u2019den Hindli Baba Kap\u0131s\u0131\u2019na kadar olan k\u0131sm\u0131n \u00e7evre d\u00fczenlemesi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise de onar\u0131m\u0131n yap\u0131lmay\u0131\u015f\u0131,\u00a0 merkezi alanda olmas\u0131 sebebiyle dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. \u00c7ift Kap\u0131\u2019ya\u00a0 uzanan ara mesafeden Urfa Kap\u0131 dizisine kadar olan k\u0131s\u0131mda ye\u015fil alan uygulamas\u0131 yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n Da\u011f Kap\u0131-Urfa Kap\u0131 sur dizisinde kitabeler,\u00a0 farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemleri g\u00f6sterir. Bu \u00e7e\u015fitlilik, \u015fehrin tarihi zenginli\u011finin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yaln\u0131z, Fis\u2019ten Da\u011f Kap\u0131\u2019ya gelen dizide gerek surlarda gerek \u00f6n y\u00fcz\u00fc sa\u011flam bur\u00e7larda tek yaz\u0131l\u0131 ta\u015flar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kitabelere rastlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun sebebi de ku\u015fatmalar\u0131n,\u00a0 sava\u015flar\u0131n d\u00fcz olan bu alanda\u00a0 yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131k s\u0131k onar\u0131mlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131,\u00a0 kitabelerin kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tek Kap\u0131 (Hindli Baba )ile ba\u015flayan kitabeler,\u00a0 Urfa Kap\u0131\u2019ya kadar aral\u0131kl\u0131 yer al\u0131r. \u015eehir ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 olduk\u00e7a rahatlatan Tek ve \u00c7ift Kap\u0131, sadece otomobil ge\u00e7i\u015fine a\u00e7\u0131k tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eehir i\u00e7i minib\u00fcs ve otob\u00fcs ge\u00e7i\u015fleri de Ali Emir\u00ee Caddesi-Da\u011f Kap\u0131 g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Turizme Y\u00f6nelik Yay\u0131n-Tan\u0131t\u0131m Yollar\u0131\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Diyarbak\u0131r Kalesi ile Surlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131m levhalar\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Surlar\u0131,\u00a0 bur\u00e7lar\u0131 gezen, dola\u015fan yabanc\u0131-yerli turistlerin bulunduklar\u0131 alan\u0131 tan\u0131malar\u0131, dola\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, gezdikleri bur\u00e7lar\u0131n hangi d\u00f6neme ait olduklar\u0131n\u0131,\u00a0 hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bilmeleri, bilgi yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmemeleri i\u00e7in bulunan noktay\u0131 tan\u0131tan bilgi levhalar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131nda yarar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u015eehir i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli bur\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00f6steren y\u00f6n i\u015faretlerinin bulunmas\u0131 zorunluluk haline gelmi\u015ftir. Camii, han, hamam ve kiliseler i\u00e7in de uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Diyarbak\u0131r ile ilgili tan\u0131t\u0131m bro\u015f\u00fcrlerinin turistik yat\u0131r\u0131m yapan kurulu\u015flarca yeteri kadar haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n Toplu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n oldu\u011fu alanlarda firma sahiplerinin hem kendi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n hem de \u015fehrin tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bro\u015f\u00fcr ve kitap\u00e7\u0131klarla yapmalar\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc kurulu\u015flar\u0131n bunu yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. K\u00fclt\u00fcr-Turizm M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ve ilgili birimlerinin tan\u0131t\u0131m ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015fmal\u0131, il \u00e7ap\u0131nda gezilerin d\u00fczenlenmesi sa\u011flanarak, tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferlerin korunmas\u0131, tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kompozisyon, \u015fiir, makale, foto\u011fraf yar\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmelidir.<\/p>\n Okullar aras\u0131 bilgi yar\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 d\u00fczenlenerek, tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zenginliklerin \u00f6\u011frencilerce k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta bilinmesi hedeflenmelidir. M. Ali Abakay Bu araştırma, 1999-2003 Yılı içinde yapılmıştır. Hazırladığımız “Diyarbakır Kalesi” isimli kitabın bir bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmamız yakın zamanda yayın öncesi kısmen sitemizde yer alacaktır. M. Ali Abakay Surlarda yapılan araştırmada tespitine çalışılan motiflerle kabartmalar, sınıflandırılmıştır. Farkında olunmayan motiflerle kabartmalar olabilir. Geniş, oldukça büyük bir alanı içine alan surlarda, burçlarda saptanan motifler ve 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\nM.\u00a0 Ali Abakay
\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
\nSURLARDA K\u0130TABELER\u0130 BULUNAN DEVLETLER BEYL\u0130KLER <\/b> <\/span><\/p>\n
\nDuyulanla g\u00f6r\u00fcnenin, okunanla bilinenin olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klamaya gerek var m\u0131? Bas\u0131nda yer alan kup\u00fcrlere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda birka\u00e7\u0131 hari\u00e7 di\u011ferleri surlardaki y\u0131pranman\u0131n \u00e7ok boyutlu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermemektedir.<\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/p>\n
\n9- Atat\u00fcrk Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da:<\/b>\u00a0 K. Kadri Kop\u2019un yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 eser, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn 1937\u2019de Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019\u0131 ziyaret konu almaktad\u0131r. Bu eserde Mehmet Danyal Tuncer\u2019in, Adil Tekin\u2019in Atat\u00fcrk ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla surlarla ilgili foto\u011fraflar bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/b><\/span>
\nUrfa Kap\u0131\u2019da yap\u0131lan i\u015f yerleri ve barakalar kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra \u00e7evre d\u00fczenlemesine gidilmi\u015ftir. D\u00fczenleme,\u00a0 gecekondula\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alana kadar devam etmektedir. Yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alandan Ulu Beden\u2019e kadar olan dizide surlardaki onar\u0131mlar d\u0131\u015f cephede Ulu Beden ile Sel\u00e7uklu Burcu hari\u00e7, k\u0131smen-tamamen yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Urfa Kap\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan sur duvar\u0131 ile dizi boyunca devam eden onar\u0131mlarda duvarlar \u00fczerindeki \u2018\u2019dendam\u2019\u2019olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan, kale savunmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli olan orijinal \u015fekil yerine d\u00fcz bi\u00e7imde ta\u015f d\u00f6\u015feme yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 Dendamlar, sadece baz\u0131 bur\u00e7larda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, surlar\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde de bu uygulanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\n<\/span>
\nDizinin i\u00e7e d\u00f6n\u00fck onar\u0131m\u0131, Turistik Cadde\u2019den ba\u015flat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f,\u00a0 bir ara fidanl\u0131k olarak kullan\u0131lan b\u00f6l\u00fcmden ba\u015flat\u0131larak Ulu Beden\u2019e kadar olan kesimde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ulu Beden\u2019in rol\u00fcve ve restorasyon projesi,\u00a0 kabul edilmemesine ra\u011fmen i\u00e7e bakan y\u00fcz\u00fc ayn\u0131 bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Burcun dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 , sadece Ulu Beden\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fclen temelden iki metreyi a\u015fan e\u011fik d\u00fczenlemenin \u00fcst ta\u015flar\u0131 ve dolgu k\u0131sm\u0131 tamam\u0131yla al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle burcun mukavemetini sa\u011flayan destek alan\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Tahribata u\u011frayan alanda yer alan kitabenin kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. Burcun i\u00e7inin dola\u015f\u0131lmayacak kadar harap olmas\u0131, temizlenmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel de\u011fildir. Bur\u00e7ta yer alan i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131m kitabelerin tahribi, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00f6k\u00fclmek istenmesi ve ka\u00e7ak kaz\u0131lar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 koruma tedbirlerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Burcun \u00fcst kat\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunan ka\u00e7ak kaz\u0131lardan alt kat\u0131n tavan\u0131 di\u011fer bur\u00e7larda oldu\u011fu gibi zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.
\n<\/span>
\nGecekondula\u015fman\u0131n 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla \u00f6zellikle -Urfa Kap\u0131 hari\u00e7- bu dizide olduk\u00e7a tahribatlar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gabriel, Ulu Beden\u2019i\u00a0 ta\u015f \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan ocak bi\u00e7iminde\u00a0 yans\u0131t\u0131r, ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>
\nUrfa Kap\u0131\u2019dan sonra gelen dizi ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7e d\u00f6n\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 onar\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in her an \u00e7\u00f6kme tehlikesiyle ba\u015f ba\u015fad\u0131r. Bu k\u0131s\u0131m onar\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7evre d\u00fczenlemesi de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir. Olduk\u00e7a sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z, bak\u0131ms\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc arz eden dizinin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131nda Sar\u0131 Sad\u0131k Mescidi (G\u00fcl\u015feni Tekkesi) kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda da ticari bir kurulu\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan genel d\u00fczenlemede sadece bu \u00f6zel i\u015fletmenin tahliyesi kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\nULU BEDEN-YED\u0130 KARDE\u015e SUR D\u0130Z\u0130S\u0130<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/span>
\nTitizlikle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7ekimlerde bu bur\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerini alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in, ar\u015fiv foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 kullanma zorunlulu\u011funda kald\u0131k. Kitabelerle fig\u00fcrleri kullan\u0131rken bur\u00e7lar\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer alan b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerdeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir mihrap ile di\u011fer i\u015faretleri incelememiz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131. Birinci dizide de belirtti\u011fimiz gibi onar\u0131mlar, sur duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fc ile i\u00e7e bakan y\u00fczde yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Ulu Beden\u2019in do\u011fuda kalan duvarla belirgin bi\u00e7imde ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. Bu duvarda ge\u00e7i\u015fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131 , bur\u00e7 i\u00e7in tehlike ar etti\u011fi gibi, bur\u00e7tan d\u00fc\u015febilecek konsol ve ta\u015flar yayalar i\u00e7in de tehlikelidir. Gecekondu alan\u0131nda 1970\u2019lerde ve birinci dizide il\u00e7e minib\u00fcs dura\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alanda surlardan d\u00fc\u015fen ta\u015flar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok vatanda\u015f\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\n<\/span><\/p>\n
\nYED\u0130 KARDE\u015e-MARD\u0130N KAPI SUR D\u0130Z\u0130S\u0130
\n<\/b><\/span>
\nBu dizinin d\u0131\u015fa bakan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc gecekondula\u015fmaya u\u011framam\u0131\u015f ise de al\u0131nan ta\u015flar sebebiyle tahribata u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Belediyelerin ara\u00e7 park\u0131 ile di\u011fer i\u015fler i\u00e7in hala kullan\u0131lmaya devam edilen alana yak\u0131n olu\u015fu,\u00a0 gecekondula\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\n<\/b><\/span>
\nKe\u00e7i Burcu\u2019na varmadan s\u0131ralanan bur\u00e7lar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imi tahribe maruz kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 Bunun sebebi,\u00a0 gecekondula\u015fman\u0131n olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile akarsular\u0131n toplanma noktas\u0131 olu\u015fudur. De\u011firmenlerin s\u0131ra s\u0131ra k\u00fcmelendi\u011fi,\u00a0 Ke\u00e7i Burcu\u2019nun kuzeydo\u011fusunda da de\u011firmenlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bizi tahribat\u0131n neden az oldu\u011funa dair sonuca g\u00f6t\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n
\n<\/span>Burcun \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn onar\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan malzemenin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlarda kullan\u0131lan \u00e7elik konstr\u00fcksiyonlar, olabilecek \u00e7\u00f6kmeler i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131n nemden dolay\u0131 olabilecek olumsuzluklar i\u00e7in tedbir al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ya\u011f\u0131\u015flarda artan rutubetin yap\u0131da onar\u0131m sonras\u0131 ne gibi de\u011fi\u015fiklikler olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 hususunda cevap bekleyen sorular bulunmaktad\u0131r. Onar\u0131m sonras\u0131, yap\u0131 K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’nca halen teslim al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\n<\/span>\u0130\u00c7 KALE-DA\u011e KAPI SUR D\u0130Z\u0130S\u0130
\n<\/b><\/span>
\nDicle\u2019ye a\u00e7\u0131lan Yeni Kap\u0131-\u0130\u00e7 Kale aras\u0131 sur duvar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 metreyi buldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u0130\u00e7 Kale ve Yeni Kap\u0131 Sur Dizisi hakk\u0131nda konu\u015ftu\u011fumuz \u0130\u00e7 Kale alt\u0131nda k\u0131rk y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n de\u011firmen i\u015fleten bir mahalle sakini \u2019\u2019Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm sa\u011flamd\u0131. Ge\u00e7it dar oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kelekle odun ve kum ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapanlarla kerpi\u00e7 evlerde oturanlar zamanla temel ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6kerek, kalan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0 \u015eehrin al\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131nda\u00a0\u00a0 kullan\u0131lan gizli su yolu da Fis Kayas\u0131\u2019nda de\u011fil Hz. S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n hemen alt\u0131nda kom\u015fumuzun evinin arkas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu gizli ge\u00e7it, Vali \u0130hsan Dede zaman\u0131nda bulunup kapat\u0131ld\u0131. \u2019\u2019a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda bulununca, ge\u00e7idin bulundu\u011fu alan\u0131n Fis Kayas\u0131\u2019nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna varm\u0131\u015f olduk.<\/p>\n
\nDA\u011e KAPI-URFA KAPI SUR D\u0130Z\u0130S\u0130<\/p>\n
\nSponsor Kurulu\u015flar\u0131n deste\u011fi ile bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, fuar ve festivaller tan\u0131t\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan iyi bir \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"