![](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image4\/0465-adige.GIF\")
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Aslan Aguajba <\/span><\/b> Tarih f\u0131rt\u0131nas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131na savrulmu\u015f olan Kafkasyal\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde tam olarak bilinememektedir. Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda 3 milyona kadar \u00e7\u0131kan bu rakam, Ramazan Traho\u2019nun 1950\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Abaza ve Adigeleri kapsayarak vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00c7erkes n\u00fcfus da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re \u015fu \u015fekildedir: T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2 milyon, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da 100 bin, Suriye\u2019de 15 bin, \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019de 10 bin, Yunanistan\u2019da 3 bin ve Yugoslavya\u2019da bin 300. Bir di\u011fer ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 yazar C. \u00d6zbay ise daha farkl\u0131 rakamlar vermektedir. O\u2019na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2 milyon 900 bin, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da 10 bin, Suriye\u2019de 29 bin, \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019de 15 bin, Yunanistan\u2019da 4 bin 800 ve Yugoslavya\u2019da 2 bin 700 \u00c7erkes ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu Kafkasya g\u00f6\u00e7menlerinin torunlar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6yler hakk\u0131nda 750 ile 830 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen rakamlar verilmektedir.<\/p>\n G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019sinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan genellikle 200-300 bin, hatta kimi zaman 400-500 bin gibi rakamlarla ifade edilen T\u00fcrkiyeli Abaza (Abhaz ve Abazin) n\u00fcfusunun 100 bin\u2019den az olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda hemen herkes hemfikirdir. Bu Abaza n\u00fcfusun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131ca yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgeleri, Adapazar\u0131, Hendek, Bolu, D\u00fczce, Eski\u015fehir, Bursa, \u0130zmit, Samsun, Trabzon, Sivas, Yozgat, Kayseri-Uzun Yayla ve Adana\u2019d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fayan Abazalar, Kafkasya\u2019da atalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7 etti\u011fi co\u011frafya ve konu\u015fma aksanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re birtak\u0131m alt gruplar i\u00e7erirler. Abhaz-Abazalar Ax\u00e7\u0131ps, Bz\u0131p, Gu\u0131m, Sadz (Ciget), Dal ve Tzabal, Ts\u00fcij\u0131, Abjua dallar\u0131na ayr\u0131l\u0131rken Abazin-Abazalar ise A\u015fuva ve A\u015fkarawa kollar\u0131ndan olu\u015furlar.<\/p>\n Ah\u00e7\u0131ps Abazalar\u0131 Gubaade, Pshu ve civar b\u00f6lgelerden gelmi\u015flerdir. Bunlar\u0131n atalar\u0131, 21 May\u0131s 1864\u2019de sonlanan Kafkas-Rus sava\u015flar\u0131nda silahlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmay\u0131 en son kabul edenlerden olup Sadz Abazalar\u0131 ve Wub\u0131hlarla birlikte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015flerdir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Adapazar\u0131 ve Hendek y\u00f6resine da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fu k\u00f6ylerde bulunmaktad\u0131rlar: Apsara, Tshinara, Ps\u0131rdzxa, Hucacbey, Tsuijbaa, K’uaratsuge, Gundza, \u015earatxua, K’ucza, K’uadza, Hacim-yik\u0131ta, Kalay\u0131k, \u00c7akall\u0131k, B\u0131\u00e7k\u0131.<\/p>\n Bz\u0131p Abazalar\u0131, genel olarak Adapazar\u0131 ve D\u00fczce dolaylar\u0131nda ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. 230 haneli bir Bz\u0131p k\u00f6y\u00fc olan Kadir-yik\u0131ta\u2019da \u015fu s\u00fclaleler bulunmaktad\u0131r: Mukba, Bganba, Kuadzba, \u0130napha, Jiba, Agumba, Zuhba, Kobahiya, Wat\u0131rba, Kagu\u015f. Bu isimlerin, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki tipik Abhaz soyadlar\u0131 olmalar\u0131 ilgi \u00e7ekici…<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, Dal-Tzabal \u015feklinde isimlendirilen 24 k\u00f6y vard\u0131r. Bu gruptaki Abazalar\u0131n dedeleri, Kafkasya\u2019dan ayr\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce Abhazya\u2019da \u015fu 30 k\u00f6yde ya\u015famaktayd\u0131lar: Ak\u0131tartsuh, Shotsaa hable, Amhel, Aw\u015fta, P\u015faur, Gerzaul, Untp\u0131r, Naw\u015f, Guaa, Be\u015f-yik’uara, Maramba, \u015eukuran, Abgara, Campal, P\u0131u\u015fta, Abgalahuara, Azantha, Kada, Abg\u0131dzara, Cega\u015fkar, Dal, Ajara, Kamgara, Z\u0131ma, \u015eeaku, Warda, Tap\u015f-ipa hable, Amzara, Lata, Dgents\u0131\u015f. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Bursa, Bilecik, \u0130neg\u00f6l ve Eski\u015fehir\u2019de kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan Dal-Tzabal\u2019l\u0131 Abhazlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda \u015fu s\u00fclaleler yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n Ajiyba, Samehxuaa, \u015ehar\u0131wa, Ahba, Aw\u0131bla, Ab\u0131gba, Kurdgelaa, Capua, Papba, A\u011fanaa, Hurxumal, Br\u0131tskil, Ts\u0131tsba, Mollaa, Calakuaa, Huaraa, Ba\u00fc\u011fdan, Ab\u0131cba, Wat\u0131rba, \u00c7engeliya, Aka\u00fc\u011fba, Ar\u0131\u00fc\u011fta, Hripsaa, B\u0131tba, Agrba, P\u0131\u015ftar, Kuarciya, Mihaliya, Abg\u0131mba, Nart\u0131ya, Cakuaa, G\u0131gaa, Abataa, Kabba, Kl\u0131\u00e7, Lapan, Sm\u0131r, Masaa, Kucba, Mar\u015fen, Kardan, \u00c7a\u00e7aa, Am\u0131\u00e7ba, Aguasba, Harziyaa, G\u0131rc\u0131n, H\u0131lpahtsua, Yuardan, T\u0131laps\u0131guaa, Sugaa, S\u0131d\u0131kaa, H\u0131\u00e7\u0131naa, Gog\u0131ya, Parhal\u0131ya, Agumaa, Saman\u0131kua, Gocapiya, Beya, Huhua, T\u015f\u0131kuaa, Ya\u015fba, Gumsaa, Huat\u0131\u015faa, Er\u0131naa, Trap\u015finaa, Kuabl\u0131huaa, Tam\u015figuaa, \u00c7atsuaa, Guasagiya, M\u0131\u015fuaa, T\u0131kua, Bhazawa, Bjaraa, Auxba, Kea\u00e7-ipa, Tsudz\u0131, \u00c7akua, Kb\u0131caa, Adz\u0131nba, Matsaa, Tagun, Tsuatsuaa, \u00c7\u0131guaa, Cincal, Humat, Ts\u0131tsba, Taldiya, Capraa, Kara\u00e7, Gumba, Kua\u00e7aa, Tuanba, \u00c7egemaa, Hagba, Tap\u015feaa, Bgap\u015f. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu aile isimlerine, 1867 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131\u2019ndaki y\u00f6netim taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f Tzabal sava\u015f b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan ailelerin isim isim kaydedilmi\u015f olduklar\u0131 listede rastlan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ts\u00fcij\u0131 Abazalar\u0131, bug\u00fcn Eski\u015fehir ve Bilecik\u2019te yer alan 3 k\u00f6yde ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Bu grubun 1864 y\u0131l\u0131na dek Abhazya\u2019da bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lge, Mz\u0131mta nehrinin orta kesimlerini \u00e7evresiydi. Ts\u00fcij\u0131 Abhazlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u015fu aileler g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir: Ba\u011fba, A\u015fu\u0131kuba, Guajba, M\u0131cdzaa, Egdzaa, Hakuts, Kap, Ba\u015ftar, Harha, Dgenaa, Ku\u00e7\u0131\u015fuaa, Pa\u015fuaa, Ampar, Ba\u015feaa, Ahba, Dutaa, Barakua, Pshu, \u00c7a\u00e7\u0131raa, P\u0131saa, Hi\u00e7ajuaa, Ahetsaa, Tstu\u0131, Latsaa, Sadzwa, Abz\u0131p, Huhuaa, Tr\u0131\u015fba, Ge\u00e7ba.<\/p>\n Sadz Abazalar\u0131 ya da bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle Hiltsis boyu, Bolu-\u0130zmit hatt\u0131 aras\u0131 ile Adapazar\u0131 civar\u0131nda yer alan \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Bunlar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 Karadere, Kuzuluk, Ta\u015fburun, Mesudiye, A\u00e7ba Hapug-yik\u0131ta, Gagraa ve L\u0131haa\u2019d\u0131r. Sadz Abazalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda sadece 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda ve Abhaz folkl\u00f6r\u00fcnde yer alan, \u00e7ok nadir g\u00f6r\u00fclen soyadlar\u0131na rastlanmaktad\u0131r: Ar\u0131nba, Gum\u0131laa, A\u015fua\u015faa, Mu\u015fhacba, Kitasba, A\u015fmeyba, \u015eundaa, Aykusba, Ba\u015fnuhaa, Tr\u0131\u015fba, Ge\u00e7ba, Kaltsba, Arazn\u0131ya, A\u00e7p\u0131hua, Samehhua, Kukundzaa, Watraa, Palaa, Kap\u015f, Hi\u00e7ajua, Abdaa, Ts\u0131ba, Nanba, Ayl\u0131mhuaa, Layhuaa, Gumdzaa, Kutaa, H\u0131ntuaa, Agrba, A\u00e7ba, Mukba, Argun, Ts\u0131mts\u0131m, Jiba, \u00c7atanaa, Aku\u0131tba, Lahtageraa.<\/p>\n Gumlular, D\u00fczce\u2019de ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ismi Derdin olan Guma k\u00f6y\u00fc, onlar\u0131n merkezidir. Bu k\u00f6y, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en y\u00fcksek da\u011f k\u00f6ylerinden biridir. Guma\u2019da genellikle Avidzbalarla birlikte Argun, Cguadar, T\u0131kua, P\u0131\u015ftar ve Trap\u015f s\u00fclalelerine mensup kimseler ya\u015famaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Abjua ve Cigerdal\u0131 Abazalar Adapazar\u0131 ve D\u00fczce havalisinde bulunmaktalar. Abhazlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 k\u00f6ylerdeki s\u00fclale isimleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n Malan: <\/b>Kabba, Suktar, Argun, Mar\u00e7an (Yeldar-ipa), Tuanba, \u015eamba. \u0130stanbul-Ankara hatt\u0131 olarak kabul edebilece\u011fimiz b\u00f6lgede, Abhazya\u2019n\u0131n Host dolaylar\u0131ndan gelmi\u015f \u015eumhuaa, Jiba ve \u00c7\u0131waa gibi gibi Abhaz ailelerinin bulundu\u011fu, \u00c7\u0131waa-rk\u0131ta ve daha birka\u00e7 Abhaz k\u00f6y\u00fc daha yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Abazin yani A\u015fuwa ve A\u015fkarawa Abaza k\u00f6yleri, D\u00fczce-Efteniye, Eski\u015fehir, Sivas-\u015eark\u0131\u015fla, Kayseri-P\u0131narba\u015f\u0131, \u00c7orum-Alaca, Yozgat, Tokat ve Adana-Tufanbeyli\u2019de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu k\u00f6ylerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Abazaca isimleri \u015funlard\u0131r: Kl\u0131\u00e7-k\u0131t, Sid-k\u0131t, Bzagua-k\u0131t, Dar\u0131kua-k\u0131t.<\/p>\n Abhaz-Abazalara yak\u0131n bir akraba topluluk olan Wub\u0131hlar\u0131 da, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Wub\u0131h dilini bilen tek ki\u015fi olarak kabul edilen Tevfik Esen\u00e7\u2019in 1992\u2019de vefat\u0131yla birlikte art\u0131k bu dili konu\u015fabilen kimse kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Wub\u0131hlar, genellikle dil olarak Adigece\u2019yi kullan\u0131rken dil anlam\u0131nda Abhazla\u015fan Wub\u0131hlar da g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Dillerini yitirmi\u015f olmalar\u0131 ra\u011fmen Wub\u0131hlar mill\u00ee duygular\u0131n\u0131 korumay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiyedeki Kafkas diyasporas\u0131, ilk d\u00f6nemlerinden ba\u015flayarak seyyahlar\u0131n ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ilgi alanlar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftur. 1880\u2019li y\u0131llarda Abhaz ve Adige toplumlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fczerinde incelemelerde bulunan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Alman antropolog Luschan, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydeder: \u201cAnadolu\u2019ya Kafkasya\u2019dan k\u0131sa bir zaman \u00f6nce gelen \u00c7erkesleri ve di\u011fer onlara akraba Kafkas boylar\u0131na dahil kimseleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnce tan\u0131mak, bir zenciyi farketmek kadar kolayd\u0131r. Bu insanlar, \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6nleriyle kendilerini T\u00fcrklerden ve di\u011fer kom\u015fular\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 tutuyorlar. Onlar\u0131, \u00f6zel yap\u0131lar\u0131yla uzaktan g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan kendilerine has k\u00f6y ve kasabalarda ya\u015f\u0131yorlar. Yine kendilerine ait milli giysilerini ve atlar\u0131 donatmada kulland\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6zel eyer tak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 muhafaza etmekteler. H\u00e2l\u00e2 safkan at yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi yoluyla binicilik okullar\u0131na binek sa\u011flamaktalar. Kafkas cinsi atlar\u0131, hemen her yerde en fakir olan Kafkasyal\u0131 da dahi g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u0130zmit dolaylar\u0131ndaki Abhaz yerle\u015fim birimlerini ziyaret eden Alman seyyah G. Grote ise \u015fu bilgileri vermi\u015ftir: \u201c\u00c7erkes erkeklerini, Anadolu\u2019nun M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusuna dahil erkeklerden uzaktan bile ay\u0131rt etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ba\u015fta koyun postundan ya da y\u00fcnden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f iri bir kalpa\u011f\u0131; v\u00fccudunu tamamen saran s\u0131k\u0131 iplerle s\u00fcslenmi\u015f koyu renkli \u201c\u00e7erkeska\u201ds\u0131 ve dar kesimli \u00f6zel \u015falvar\u0131 \u00c7erkes\u2019i cesur, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 g\u00f6stermekte. At\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 hareketleri, adeta onunla birlikte b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ak\u0131llara getiriyor. Zevk i\u00e7in trenle yar\u0131\u015farak at\u0131n\u0131n maharetlerini g\u00f6steren \u00e7ok \u00c7erkes g\u00f6rd\u00fck. En fakir \u00c7erkes dahi davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda ve mimiklerindeki gururla ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n Macar gezgin Y. Meszaros, Alman A. Dirr, Hollandal\u0131 G. Fogt ve \u00f6zellikle Frans\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 G. Dumezil\u2019in Kafkasya d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm Abaza ve Adigeleri \u201c\u00c7erkes\u201d ismiyle tan\u0131mlayarak onlar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcn dillerinin, folklor ve tarihlerinin incelenmesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck rolleri olmu\u015ftur. Wub\u0131h dilini incelemek \u00fczere 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6nderilen V. Kukba\u2019n\u0131n Abhaz ve Wub\u0131hlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere girmesine izin verilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu giri\u015fim sonu\u00e7suz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kukba, s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmesi sonras\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporda, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydeder: \u201cWub\u0131hlar, \u0130zmit\u2019e s\u0131n\u0131r bir \u015fekilde Adapazar\u0131 il\u00e7esinde ya\u015famaktalar. Burada iki kasaba, tamamen Wub\u0131hlardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130stanbul\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm Abhaz ve Adigelerin ifadelerine g\u00f6re Wub\u0131hlar, yo\u011fun olarak yerle\u015ftikleri b\u00f6lgelerde kendi dillerini bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde korumu\u015flar. Genel anlamda da muhafazakar tav\u0131rlar\u0131yla \u00f6rf ve adetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 hassasiyet g\u00f6stermekteler. Ancak ya\u015fl\u0131lar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kendi ana dillerini bilmeyen gen\u00e7lerin bulundu\u011fu Wub\u0131h k\u00f6yler de bulunmakta. Wub\u0131hlar\u0131n temel ge\u00e7im vas\u0131talar\u0131 tar\u0131md\u0131r. Di\u011fer k\u00f6y ve kasabalarda Abhaz ve Adigelerle birlikte ya\u015fayan olan Wub\u0131hlar\u0131n konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 dil, i\u00e7i\u00e7e bulunduklar\u0131 bu topluluklar\u0131n dilidir.\u201d<\/p>\n Yakla\u015f\u0131k otuz y\u0131l sonras\u0131nda bu b\u00f6lgelerde incelemelerde bulunan G. Dumesil ise tamamen farkl\u0131 bilgiler aktarmaktad\u0131r: \u201cK\u0131rp\u0131nar k\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn kaderi \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7. Buras\u0131, Dirr taraf\u0131ndan ziyaret edildi\u011fi1913 y\u0131l\u0131nda tipik bir Wub\u0131h k\u00f6y\u00fc idi. Ayn\u0131 k\u00f6y, 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda bizzat g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde de hala Wub\u0131h karakterini korumaktayd\u0131. K\u00f6ydeki tek yabanc\u0131, k\u00f6y camisinde imaml\u0131k yapan bir Lazd\u0131. Ancak \u015fu anda bu k\u00f6y\u00fcn d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc Lazlardan olu\u015fuyor. \u00d6nce birka\u00e7 aile halinde gelen bu Lazlar, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u0130zmit ve \u0130stanbul\u2019a giden Wub\u0131hlar\u0131n evlerini ve topraklar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n alarak Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinden akrabalar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7evrelerini \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar. \u015eu an bu k\u00f6yde Wub\u0131h\u00e7a yerine Lazlar\u0131n Hopa aksan\u0131 duyulmakta…\u201d<\/p>\n Bizi ilk planda ilgilendiren konu, diasporadaki Kafkas muhacirlerinin kendi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda zikredece\u011fim ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, daha 1892\u2019de Kahire\u2019de Bjedu\u011f Lah\u015foko Hac\u0131 Mustafa\u2019n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131ca olarak kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kafkas aile damgalar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki eserdir.<\/p>\n 1908 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Kafkasya d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Kafkas k\u00f6kenli ayd\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan Paris\u2019de \u201cMusulmanin\u201d (M\u00fcsl\u00fcman) isimli Rus\u00e7a bir dergi yay\u0131nlanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Ortado\u011fu ve Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131ndaki Kafkas muhacirlerinin durumlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bilgiler veren \u201cMusulmanin\u201d dergisinde bu insanlar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131, beklentileri ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerine de de\u011finilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 1911 Nisan ay\u0131ndan 1915 y\u0131l\u0131na dek \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u00c7erkesce ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak yay\u0131nlanan \u201cGu\u00e2ze\u201d yada T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ismiyle \u201cKafkas\u201d isimli gazete, \u00f6zellikle Kafkasya tarihi \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli bilgiler veren bir s\u00fcreli yay\u0131n olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Daha \u00f6nce ise, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Shapsugh \u00c7UNATIKO Yusuf \u0130zzet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Yunan halk\u0131n\u0131n Kafkasyal\u0131larla (Abhaz ve Adigeler) akrabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ele alan \u201cEski Kavimler ve \u00c7erkesler\u201d adl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 ciltlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bir d\u00f6nem Moskova\u2019da Ankara y\u00f6netiminin temsilcili\u011fini yapan Abazin profes\u00f6r Meker Aziz, 1919\u2019da T\u00fcrkiye, M\u0131s\u0131r ve Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki Kafkasyal\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131na dair bir eser yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Meker s\u00fclalesinin ismini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 da\u011f, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Abhazya Kara\u00e7ay-\u00c7erkes s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yine bu d\u00f6nemlerde ve daha sonraki y\u0131llarda Abhazya\u2019n\u0131n Zuandr\u0131p\u015f kasabas\u0131ndan g\u00f6\u00e7 eden A\u015eUANBA Atkug\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu Mehmet Fetgeri, gazeteci, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131-yazar ve sporcu kimli\u011fiyle Kuzey Bat\u0131 Kafkasyal\u0131lar \u00fczerine tarih\u00ee, etnografik ve sosyolojik i\u00e7erikli \u00e7ok say\u0131da kitap ve bro\u015f\u00fcr kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1908-1923 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u201c\u00c7erkes K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Ayd\u0131nlatma Toplulu\u011fu\u201d faaliyet g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u00d6nemli bir Kafkas ayd\u0131nlar tabakas\u0131 olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Bu insanlar aras\u0131nda gazeteci Ziya Berts\u0131ts, besteci Muhlis Sabahattin (B\u0131jnau), me\u015fhur bayan piyanist Neveser K\u00f6kde\u015f (B\u0131jnau-pha), 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda Be\u015fikta\u015f\u2019ta Muhlis Sabahattin\u2019in \u00f6\u011fretmen olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u00c7erkes (Abhaz ve Adige) k\u0131zlar\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fczik okulu, iki y\u0131l kadar faaliyet g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. O\u2019nun m\u00fczikal eserlerinden biri, Kafkas g\u00f6\u00e7menlerinin trajedisinin anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u00c7erkes ocaklar\u0131 bak\u0131ms\u0131z kald\u0131; art\u0131k ocaklar\u0131 t\u00fctm\u00fcyor\u201d isimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayd\u0131. Yazar, burada vatan\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019ya olan \u00f6zlemini dile getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Abhaz ve \u00c7erkesler i\u00e7in Mustafa Butba bir alfabe haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Onun daha \u00f6ncesinde ise \u00c7KALAPUA \u015eirin Efendi taraf\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131 alfabesi harfleri esas al\u0131narak bir Abhaz alfabesi haz\u0131rlama giri\u015fimi olmu\u015ftur. Shapsugh Re\u015fid Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n han\u0131m\u0131 \u00c7anba Hasibe o zamanlarda 12 ya\u015flar\u0131nda bir \u00e7ocuk olan \u00d6mer Beygua, Arap harflerini esas alarak bir Abhaz alfabesi ortaya koymu\u015flarsa da bu alfabe geni\u015f bir kullan\u0131m imkan\u0131 bulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Abhazya\u2019n\u0131n ilk k\u00fclt\u00fcr emek\u00e7ilerinden biri, Osmanl\u0131 Devletinde ya\u015famas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n Abhazya ile s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkiler kurmu\u015f bir ayd\u0131n olan Simon Basaria\u2019d\u0131r. Muhacirlik konusunda Bol\u015fevik devrimi \u00f6ncesinde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Kafkas Da\u011fl\u0131lar\u0131\u201d , \u201cAbd\u00fclhamit\u2019in Annesi\u201d, \u201cWub\u0131h ve Sadzlar-Kaybolmu\u015f Halklar\u201d adl\u0131 makaleleri halen \u00f6nemini korumaktad\u0131r. 1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda Abhazya\u2019y\u0131 i\u015fgal eden G\u00fcrc\u00fc Men\u015feviklerin kurdu\u011fu h\u00fck\u00fcmet zaman\u0131nda Kutol k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131lmas\u0131 olay\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden Simon Basarya, 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015farken \u00f6nde gelen Abhaz ve Adige ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fczlerce resim malzemesi toplayarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hizmet ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Uzun s\u00fcredir ciddi bir \u015fekilde Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131n mitolojileri hakk\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan Abazin-A\u015fkarawa yazar Yismeyl \u00d6zdemir \u00d6zbay\u2019\u0131n bu konudaki kitab\u0131, Ankara\u2019da yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kafkas-Rus Sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sona eri\u015fi ve B\u00fcy\u00fck S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcn 125. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde Adige \u0130zzet Aydemir taraf\u0131ndan Kafkasyal\u0131lar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 Devletine g\u00f6\u00e7leri ve burada iskan edili\u015fleri \u00fczerine bir kitap yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mustafa Butba\u2019n\u0131n \u201cKafkasya Hat\u0131ralar\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00d6zellikle \u00d6mer Beygua (B\u00fcy\u00fcka)\u2019n\u0131n Abhazlar ve Abhazca \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, son derece kayda de\u011fer giri\u015fimler olmu\u015ftur. Sohum yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Abjakua b\u00f6lgesinden g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f bir muhacie ailenin \u00e7ocu\u011fu olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de do\u011fan \u00d6mer Beygua, kendini \u201cAkuatu\u0131 ps\u0131waup\u201d (Sohum Abhaz\u0131) olarak isimlendirmi\u015ftir. Yetmi\u015f y\u0131ldan daha uzun bir s\u00fcredir Abhazlar\u0131n dil, tarih, etnografya ve mitoloji gibi \u00f6zg\u00fcn de\u011ferlerini incelemekte olup birikimlerini Abhazoloji serisi ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda peyderpey yay\u0131nlamaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda usta bir \u015fair olan Beygua\u2019n\u0131n Abhazca \u015fiirlerinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kitap halinde Sohum\u2019da bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zel ar\u015fivinde, Abhazca \u015fiirler yazan yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 da muhafaza etmektedir. \u00d6mer Beygua\u2019n\u0131n alt\u0131na imzas\u0131n\u0131 att\u0131\u011f\u0131 yararl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan birisi de 1969 y\u0131l\u0131nda Abhazca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e renkli duvar takvimi haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 olay\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1971 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019da yay\u0131nlan \u201cAbhaz Mitolojiis Ana\u00e7 m\u0131?\u201d adl\u0131 eserinde, Abhaz mitolojisini ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde analiz ederek Abhaz tanr\u0131lar panteonu, Abhazca ve akraba dilleri ile olan ili\u015fkileri \u00fczerinde durmu\u015ftur. Abhaz tanr\u0131lar panteonunda \u015fu isimleri s\u0131ralam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Atana, Tsublak, Tsuaha, Dzakua, Dz\u0131zlan, Tsaw\u0131na, Anan, Ahi Zaushan, Hua\u015fta, Ar\u0131\u015fna-Yar\u0131\u015f-Yar\u0131\u015fna, Rirara, Hantsisa, Gunda, Aw\u0131bla, Natsuk\u0131ltsua, \u015eea\u015fu\u0131, Ajueyp\u015fea, Dzar, Aynarji, Aytar, M\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaw, A\u015fhua Makeps\u0131s, Anarhe, Cmaran, Cabran… K\u0131smen mitik Abhaz tanr\u0131 ve tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131 ile bunlar\u0131n antik Yunan ve Anadolu\u2019daki benzerleriyle olan ortak noktalar\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren Beygua, bu konuda Abhazya ve Kafkasya hakk\u0131nda tarih\u00e7i, filozof, dilbilimciler g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri ile \u00e7e\u015fitli ansiklopedilerden bilgilere ve Abhaz folkl\u00f6r\u00fcnden \u00e7e\u015fitli metinlere yer vererek de\u011ferlendirmelerini ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n 1975 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 di\u011fer bir eseri \u201cHazret-i \u0130brahim\u2019le Awubla ve Kafkasl\u0131lar\u201d adl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131nda etnoloji, folklor ve dilbilim malzemelerinin verileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan antik zamanlarda as\u0131l do\u011fdu\u011fu ve ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer Abhazya olan \u00f6nder bilgin ve medenile\u015fmenin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olan Awubla (\u0130brahim) adl\u0131 bir peygamberden s\u00f6zeder. O\u2019na g\u00f6re G\u0131lgam\u0131\u015f, Zerd\u00fc\u015ft, Apollon, Kri\u015fna ve eski mitolojinin kahramanlar\u0131 gibi \u0130brahim peygamber de Abhazlar\u0131n ecdadlar\u0131n\u0131n soyundan gelmektedir.<\/p>\n 1986 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cKafkas Kaynaklar\u0131na G\u00f6re \u0130lk Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f-\u0130lk \u0130nsanl\u0131k-Kafkas Ger\u00e7ekleri\u201d, ad\u0131yla Kafkas tarihi ve eski d\u00fcnya sahnesinde Abhazlar\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nem tarihi hakk\u0131nda iki ciltlik eseri yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Abhazlar hakk\u0131nda bu denli geni\u015f ve titiz bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bug\u00fcne dek yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kitapta \u00e7o\u011fu bilim adam\u0131 ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7 bilmedikleri pek \u00e7ok malzeme yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Orta\u00e7a\u011f Abhaz bayraklar\u0131 ve 8. yy\u2019da ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir Abhaz h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n Arap\u00e7a yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f metinlerinin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeleri son derece orijinal verilerdir.<\/p>\n 1993\u2019de \u00f6nde gelen Abhaz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kitab\u0131 bas\u0131lan yazar\u0131n yak\u0131nda \u201cAbhaz Dili\u201d adl\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yay\u0131nlanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00d6mer B\u00fcy\u00fcka\u2019n\u0131n bask\u0131ya haz\u0131rlanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ise \u015funlard\u0131r: \u0130lerlemi\u015f ya\u015f\u0131na ra\u011fmen ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na devam eden Beygua\u2019n\u0131n bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, ku\u015fkusuz gelecek nesiller i\u00e7in sadece Abhazoloji ile ilgili de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak Kafkasoloji alan\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda bu\u015fvurulacak birer kaynakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye Abhazlar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131ndan folklorik malzeme toplayan Cgerda k\u00f6y\u00fc k\u00f6kenli Cemal Haraniya\u2019n\u0131n iki ciltlik \u015fiirsel derlemesi \u00f6nemli bir olay olmu\u015ftu. 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda Cemal Haraniya, Fehmi Ag\u0131rba ile birlikte Adapazar\u0131\u2019nda 11 bin\u2019i a\u015fk\u0131n kelime i\u00e7eren bir Abhazca-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e s\u00f6zl\u00fck basm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00f6zl\u00fck, 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli eklemelerle tekrar bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fehmi Agrba, kendi imkanlar\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Abhaz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir de Abhazca \u201cAnban\u201d (Alfabe) bast\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mahinur Papa-pha 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019li tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f sporcu Orhan \u015eamba ise 1975\u2019de Sohumda Sohum\u2019daki Abhaz Devlet M\u00fczesi’ne T\u00fcrkiye’deki Abhaz Halk m\u00fcziklerinin ilk teyp kasetlerini getirmi\u015ftir. Bunlar: yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 beyitlik \u201cAcgirey-ipa K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u2019\u00fcn Ezgisi\u201d, \u00fc\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fik versiyona sahip \u201c\u0130nci Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n Ezgisi\u201d, alt\u0131 versiyonlu \u201cKaytames-ipa Hal\u0131bee\u2019nin Ezgisi\u201d, \u201cGe\u00e7 Re\u015fit\u2019in Ezgisi\u201d, iki versiyonlu toplu dansl\u0131 \u015fark\u0131 \u201cAwraa\u015fea\u201d ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en iyi akardeon \u00e7alan isimlerinden olan Menliki Argun-pha\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fczi\u011fi e\u015fli\u011finde Abhaz enstr\u00fcmantal danslar\u0131 gibi malzemeler… \u015eunu belirtmek gerekir ki, bu malzemelerin tamam\u0131 Abhazya\u2019dan ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bug\u00fcn Abhazya\u2019da unutulmu\u015f yada \u00e7ok az bir k\u0131sm\u0131 korunmu\u015ftur. Bu nedenle e\u015fsiz \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip bu m\u00fcziklerle birlikte Nart s\u00f6ylenceleri, masallar, Abhaz mitolojisine ait rivayetler ve Abhazca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak \u0130stanbul\u2019da bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f renkli duvar takvimi de getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131zla yirmi be\u015f y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir irtibat halindeyiz. Bu zaman zarf\u0131nda diasporadan etnografik, demografik, sosyolojik, linguistik ve \u00f6zellikle folklorik anlamda \u00f6nemli miktarda bilgi i\u00e7eren y\u00fczlerce mektup ald\u0131k. Bunlar\u0131 yazanlar, genellikle Abhazya\u2019n\u0131n Gum, Ah\u00e7ips, Ciget, Bz\u0131p, Abjui, Dal-Tzabal ve Pshu b\u00f6lgelerinden g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f Abhazlar ile Abazinler ve Adigeler… Bu yolla elde dilen kullan\u0131labilir materyal toplam\u0131 40 sayfay\u0131 bulmakta.<\/p>\n Bilin\u00e7lenme yani millet kendi ger\u00e7eklerinin fark\u0131na varma, son zamanlarda Kafkas muhacirlerinde daha net bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. G\u00f6nderilen mektuplarda s\u00fcrekli olarak kitap, alfabe, \u015fark\u0131 ve m\u00fczik kasetleri, plaklar, Abhazya hakk\u0131nda belgeseller ve Abhazca \u00f6\u011fretim malzemeleri talep edilmekte.<\/p>\n Maalesef, biz Abhazya olarak bu alanda hen\u00fcz ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 at\u0131yoruz. Bu konularda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015f ba\u015fka halklardan \u00f6rnek almam\u0131z gereken \u00e7ok \u015fey var. \u00d6zellikle bilimsel-e\u011fitsel nitelikli malzeme bas\u0131m\u0131na \u00f6nem vermeliyiz. \u00d6rne\u011fin milli kimliklerini ya\u015fatma sava\u015f\u0131 veren Basklar, yirmi y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u201cBasklar \u00dclkesinin Genel Resimli-A\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 Ansiklopedisi\u201d adl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131 yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya paralel olarak Basklar, on ciltlik \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Bask Ansiklopedisi\u201d ve 500 bin kelimelik \u201c\u0130spanyolca-Baskca\u201d s\u00f6zl\u00fck olu\u015fturmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bizim ciddi anlamda bas\u0131m-yay\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na e\u011filmemiz, en az\u0131ndan diasporadaki insanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n verdi\u011fi derecede hassasiyet g\u00f6stermemiz gerekmektedir. Bu, gelece\u011fimizi \u015fekillendirecek bir yat\u0131r\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlarla birlikte, Kafkasyal\u0131lar\u0131n soyundan gelen insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkelerden baz\u0131 folklorik, etnografik ve linguistik bilgileri derlemek i\u00e7in buralara sistemli seyahatlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 da bir ba\u015fka gerekliliktir.<\/p>\n Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131n benzersiz k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin yeterli \u015fekilde incelenmeye ba\u015flanmas\u0131n\u0131n tarihi yenidir. Prof. White Kafkas k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc hakk\u0131nda \u015funlar\u0131 dile getirmi\u015ftir: \u201cKafkasya, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yetenekli insanlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden biri olmakla birlikte d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zengin maden yataklar\u0131na sahiptir. Antik d\u00f6nemlerin t\u00fcm ileri gelen boylar\u0131 ve Tanr\u0131lar\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgeden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her ne ise bu ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir ger\u00e7ekti. E\u011fer yerli halk\u0131n kendi temsilcileri bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda yer al\u0131rlarsa bir \u00e7ok \u015fey daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.\u201d Bundan dolay\u0131 da geni\u015f bir alana yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Kafkas diasporas\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, tarihini, dilini, folklorunu, adet ve geleneklerini ilgilendiren verileri toplamak i\u00e7in bir an \u00f6nce planl\u0131 bir giri\u015fim ba\u015flatmam\u0131z ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir zorunluluktur.<\/p>\n D\u00fcnya\u2019da \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu ata topraklar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f halklar say\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. 19. yy\u2019da Kuzey Kafkasyal\u0131lara ya\u015fat\u0131lan s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki ac\u0131 unutulur gibi de\u011fildir. Bug\u00fcn dahi t\u00fcm Kafkas halk\u0131 bu trajediyi y\u00fcreklerinde hissetmektedir. Makalemin sonunda, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte zorla topraklar\u0131ndan kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n onlarca \u00fclkesine da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fekilde ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm Kafkasyal\u0131lara \u015fu soruyu y\u00f6neltiyorum: \u201cNeden bug\u00fcne kadar Kafkasyal\u0131lar resm\u00ee olarak \u2018s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmi\u015f halk\u2019 stat\u00fcs\u00fc alamad\u0131lar? Bu soru, en son soyda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n birka\u00e7 ku\u015fak \u00f6nce trajedik bir s\u00fcrg\u00fcn sonucu terketmek durumunda kal\u0131nan bu kutsal topraklara geri d\u00f6nmesine kadar hep sorulacakt\u0131r.<\/span>gen – Habat \u015eogan<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Aslan Aguajba Çeviri: Talgat Nurber Tarih fırtınası tarafından dünyanın dört bir yanına savrulmuş olan Kafkasyalıların sayısı, günümüzde tam olarak bilinememektedir. Bazı kaynaklarda 3 milyona kadar çıkan bu rakam, Ramazan Traho’nun 1950’li yılların başında Abaza ve Adigeleri kapsayarak vermiş olduğu Çerkes nüfus dağılımına göre şu şekildedir: Türkiye’de 2 milyon, Mısır’da 100 bin, Suriye’de 15 bin, Ürdün’de 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\n\u00c7eviri: Talgat Nurber<\/span><\/p>\n
\nB\u0131\u00e7k\u0131: <\/b>Adz\u0131nba-Kuadzba, Ka\u00e7aa, Ahba, Kabba, Gamsaniya, Keatsuba, Br\u0131tskil, Tr\u0131\u015fba, Mazah, Ur\u0131saa, Gupaa.
\nKaradere:<\/b> Tr\u0131\u015fba, Kutaa, H\u0131ntba, Nanba, Nanba, Samehhuaa, Ts\u0131ba, A\u00e7p\u0131\u0131hua, Tarba, Keatasba, Gumba, Kaytan, Ayl\u0131mhuaa, Layhuaa, Jiba.
\nYardara: <\/b>Kabba, Kutarba, Kuadzba, Argun, Pa\u00e7aa, \u015eamba, Yardaraa, Kobl\u0131huaa, Hiyaa.
\n\u015ealiman-yik\u0131ta: <\/b>A\u015fuba, Kuadzba, Adz\u0131nba, Trap\u015f, Giygaa, Dguaa, Kabaa, Jiba, Wardaniya, Bat\u0131raa.
\nMtsara: <\/b>Ha\u015f\u0131g, \u015eundzaa, G\u0131tsba, Kuadzba, Kurwa, Ts\u0131blaa, Huraa, Kut\u0131blaa, Gurdzan, Tarba, Kua\u00e7aa, Abuhba, A\u011f\u00fcdzba, Kilba, Lap\u015feaa, Agrba.
\nEfteniye: <\/b>Cic-ipa, Kupalba, Tarba, Lazba, Ur\u0131saa, H\u0131\u015fba, Ketsuba, Ya\u015fba, Hagba, Bganba, Kalgba.
\nMezit: <\/b>Ab\u0131gba, Agrba, Argun, Br\u0131tskil, Ts\u0131tsaa, Ahba, Mihaliya, Tagun, Akusba, Am\u0131\u00e7ba, Giygaa, Tald\u0131ya, Hurhumal, Capraa, Kara\u00e7, Gumba.
\nR\u00fc\u015fdiye: <\/b>Kayu\u011f\u00fcaa, Kurdgel, Kardan, Tuanba, Kuadzba, Kb\u0131caa, Adz\u0131nba.
\nKestanealan\u0131: Nart\u0131ya, Bhazawa, Br\u0131tskil, Bjara, Ahuba, Kea\u00e7-ipa, Tsu\u0131dz\u0131, \u00c7akuwa, \u015ehar\u0131wa, A\u015fuba, Argun.
\nTsabal: <\/b>Mar\u015fen, Harziyaa, Capraa, Argun, Samaa, Bgaa, Papba. So\u011fuksu (Cigerda): <\/b>A\u015fuba, \u015elarba, Bar\u00e7an, G\u0131bniya, Haraniya, Bediya, Ar\u00fc\u011fta, Hir\u0131psaa, Tsuijba, Tsueyba.<\/p>\n
\n* Abhazca\u2019n\u0131n etimolojik s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (3 ciltlik)
\n*Abhazca\u2019n\u0131n Grameri
\n*Warada -Abhaz \u0130liadas\u0131- (\u015eiirler): 15 bin beyitlik bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma.<\/p>\n