{"id":12309,"date":"2019-03-30T13:09:56","date_gmt":"2019-03-30T18:09:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=12309"},"modified":"2019-03-30T13:09:56","modified_gmt":"2019-03-30T18:09:56","slug":"homojenizasyon-ve-tahammullu-olmak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/homojenizasyon-ve-tahammullu-olmak\/","title":{"rendered":"HOMOJEN\u0130ZASYON VE TAHAMM\u00dcLL\u00dc OLMAK"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image5\/0036-adige.GIF\" width=\"130\" height=\"173\" border=\"0\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\"><strong>Nurhayat K\u0131z\u0131lkan<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial;\">Sosyolog <\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de &#8216;T\u00fcrkler&#8217; dedi\u011fimiz n\u00fcfus, asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrk olmayan ama T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcrel havzas\u0131n\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131ndaki unsurlar\u0131 da bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r, bunlar asl\u0131nda n\u00fcfusun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Bu ger\u00e7e\u011fin kabul\u00fc, homojenizasyonu bozdu\u011funa inand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z unsurlara tahamm\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn artmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar. 1927 n\u00fcfusu say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfusu 13 milyon 648 bin ki\u015fidir. Yani bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fclkemiz yeti\u015fkin n\u00fcfusunun b\u00fcy\u00fckanne ve b\u00fcy\u00fckbabalar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 bu kadard\u0131. Peki, bu insanlar\u0131n, Atat\u00fcrk d\u00e2hil, ne kadar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde do\u011fmu\u015ftu? Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, 19.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortas\u0131ndan Cumhuriyet&#8217;in kurulu\u015funa kadar g\u00f6\u00e7 s\u00fcreci i\u00e7inde, Anadolu topraklar\u0131na, \u00f6lenler hari\u00e7, 5 milyon civar\u0131nda &#8216;T\u00fcrk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman&#8217; n\u00fcfus geldi\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><b>&#8216;G\u00f6\u00e7menlik&#8217; g\u00fcnleri<\/p>\n<p><\/b>Bu 5 milyon ki\u015finin geldi\u011fi tarih ve yerler \u015f\u00f6yle detayland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r: (Bu arada sizin de ailenizde &#8216;g\u00f6\u00e7men&#8217; varsa a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tarihlere bak\u0131p sizinkilerin ne zaman geldiklerini tahmin edebilirsiniz.) : 1860-1922 aras\u0131nda milyonu a\u015fan K\u0131r\u0131m Tatar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye gelmi\u015ftir. 1859-1879 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yine K\u0131r\u0131m ve Kafkasya&#8217;dan 2 milyon \u00c7erkez gelmi\u015f, ancak bunlar\u0131n tahminen yar\u0131m milyonu g\u00f6\u00e7 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 1881-1914 aras\u0131nda yine Kafkaslardan yar\u0131m milyon ki\u015fi daha gelmi\u015ftir.1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 1,5 milyon Rumeli muhaciri gelmi\u015ftir (Bunlar\u0131n 300 bininin g\u00f6\u00e7 s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tahmin edilmektedir.)<\/p>\n<p>Bulgaristan ile yap\u0131lan anla\u015fma ile 72 bin 500 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve Yahudi 1893-1902 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00fclkeye gelmi\u015ftir. 1913&#8217;te yine Bulgaristan ile yap\u0131lan antla\u015fmada Osmanl\u0131&#8217;dan kabaca 47 bin g\u00f6\u00e7men Bulgaristan&#8217;a, oradan da 49 bin g\u00f6\u00e7men Anadolu&#8217;ya g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>1912 ve 1913&#8217;te Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda gelen 640 bin muhacirin yerle\u015ftirilmesi yap\u0131lamadan girilen 1.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;nda Osmanl\u0131 devleti en \u00e7ok kaybeden \u00fclke oldu\u011fundan kaybedilen topraklardan \u00fclkeye g\u00f6\u00e7ler s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 Yunanistan ile yap\u0131lan m\u00fcbadele antla\u015fmas\u0131 sonunda Yunanistan&#8217;dan 400 bine yak\u0131n T\u00fcrk daha gelmi\u015ftir.<br \/>\nB\u00fct\u00fcn bu g\u00f6\u00e7 eden n\u00fcfus ve onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 1927&#8217;de say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 13 milyon 648.270 ki\u015fi olarak bulunmu\u015ftur. Burada dikkat \u00e7eken iki husus vard\u0131r: Birincisi, bu n\u00fcfusun mevcut n\u00fcfus i\u00e7indeki y\u00fczdesidir.<\/p>\n<p><b><br \/>\nN\u00fcfus patlamas\u0131<br \/>\n<\/b><br \/>\nBu n\u00fcfus patlamas\u0131n\u0131 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc rakamlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rsak, bug\u00fcn 70 milyonuz ve aniden de\u011filse bile y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde bir yerlerden 20 milyon ki\u015finin geldi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Bu insanlar\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fartlarda bile d\u00fc\u015febilecekleri \u015fartlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliyor musunuz? Yiyecek fiyatlar\u0131 ve kiralar ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc artar. Gelenler mevcut vatanda\u015flar\u0131n yapmaya talip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fleri yapmak zorunda kal\u0131r, daha a\u00e7\u0131k bir s\u00f6yleyi\u015fle k\u00f6lele\u015fir. G\u00f6\u00e7menlik psikolojisi yerle\u015fiklerden daha uyan\u0131k olmay\u0131 beraberinde getirir ve bir g\u00f6\u00e7men hayata bir yerle\u015fikten daha fazla sar\u0131l\u0131r ama yerle\u015fik de\u011ferlerinden kurtuldu\u011fu i\u00e7in su\u00e7 i\u015flemeye meyilli de bir hale getirebilir vs.vs&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kinci husus, bu g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin hepsinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmakla beraber hepsinin T\u00fcrk olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Yani bu g\u00f6\u00e7menlerden \u00c7erkez, \u00c7e\u00e7en, Arnavut, Makedon, Bosna-Hersekli, G\u00fcrc\u00fc vb. gibi g\u00f6\u00e7 eden unsurlar M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmakla beraber T\u00fcrk de\u011fildiler. Ama onlar\u0131 T\u00fcrk yapan \u015fey b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkelerdeki \u015fartlar oldu ve arkalar\u0131na bile bakmadan daha birinci nesilde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bir \u015fekilde T\u00fcrkle\u015ftiler. Do\u011fal bir \u015fekilde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k bunda en b\u00fcy\u00fck etken oldu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc nihayetinde kendi memleketlerinden d\u0131\u015flanmalar\u0131 da belli oranda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti. Din temelli bir ayr\u0131\u015fma sebebiyle memleketlerinden olan bu insanlar, kendilerine yer veren bu \u00fclkeyi \u00e7abucak ba\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131na bast\u0131lar. Bu anlamda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti kurulduktan sonra da devam eden g\u00f6\u00e7ler ve antla\u015fmalara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti y\u00f6neticilerinin de ayn\u0131 son d\u00f6nem Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6neticileri gibi din temelli homojenizasyon politikalar\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Yani her dine e\u015fit mesafede durmas\u0131 beklenen laik devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 yoktur. Din temelli bir politika ile, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar kabul edilir, gayrim\u00fcslimler d\u0131\u015flan\u0131r. Yani M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan m\u00fcte\u015fekkil homojen bir devlet kurulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Anadolu&#8217;ya gelenler bu durumda iken Anadolu&#8217;dan gidenlerin, yani gayri M\u00fcslimlerin n\u00fcfus b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131nda ise farkl\u0131 kaynaklardan elde edilen bilgiler olduk\u00e7a tutars\u0131zd\u0131r. Burada da \u00f6nemli husus, gidenlerin hepsi gayrim\u00fcslim olmakla beraber hepsi gayri-T\u00fcrk de\u011fildi. Yani gidenlerin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de olsa bir k\u0131sm\u0131 T\u00fcrk&#8217;t\u00fc ama H\u0131ristiyan&#8217;d\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p><b>Zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7ler<br \/>\n<\/b><br \/>\nD\u00fc\u015fman kuvvetleri ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131klar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esi ile 1915&#8217;te Ermeniler, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda da Rumlar Anadolu&#8217;dan kitleler halinde zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7 yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7 ve i\u00e7 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda her iki grup da \u00f6nemli kay\u0131plar vermi\u015ftir. En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tahminlere g\u00f6re 2,5 milyon Rum ve Ermeni&#8217;nin g\u00f6\u00e7 etti\u011fi, bir milyona yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n da \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirtilmektedir. Shaw (1998), Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nun 1918&#8217;de gayrim\u00fcslimlerin Anadolu topraklar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 politikas\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kavray\u0131p, geri d\u00f6nmek isteyenlere Osmanl\u0131 tabiiyetini kabul etmeleri ko\u015fuluyla yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve bu d\u00f6nem i\u00e7inde binlerce Ermeni ve Rum&#8217;un d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, aralar\u0131nda yine binlerce kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocu\u011fun M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7erek T\u00fcrkle\u015ftiklerini s\u00f6ylemektedir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu geli\u015fmeler ve zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7ler Anadolu&#8217;da dini a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00f6rece homojen bir n\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6te yandan &#8216;T\u00fcrkle\u015fenler&#8217; grubunda \u00f6nemli oranda \u00e7ocuk ya\u015f grubunda olan bir ba\u015fka grup daha vard\u0131r. Rum ve Ermeni k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarda sahipsiz kald\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in (ya da bu durum gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilerek) T\u00fcrk ailelerin yan\u0131na evlatl\u0131k olarak verilmi\u015flerdir. Erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ak\u0131beti ise tam olarak bilinmemektedir.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00fcbadele s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden sonra T\u00fcrk ailelerin yan\u0131ndaki H\u0131ristiyan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ev ev dola\u015f\u0131larak Yunanistan&#8217;a g\u00f6nderilmek \u00fczere topland\u0131klar\u0131 anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130stanbul&#8217;da, Karadeniz ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu kentlerinde yeti\u015fmi\u015f olanlar, hemen her ailede Ermeni dad\u0131, evlatl\u0131k, hizmet\u00e7ilerin bulundu\u011funa ili\u015fkin g\u00f6zlemlerini ve deneyimlerini aktarmaktad\u0131r. Resmi bir heyetle H\u0131ristiyan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n toplat\u0131lmas\u0131nda hedef grubun daha \u00e7ok erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olmas\u0131 muhtemeldir. Ferhunde \u00d6zbay&#8217;a g\u00f6re, korunmaya muhta\u00e7 bu \u00e7ocuklar, k\u0131zlar evlatl\u0131k al\u0131nma, erkekler ise askeri okullara g\u00f6nderilmek suretiyle d\u00f6nemin ko\u015fullar\u0131nda iyi niyetli uygulamalar olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilirse de Osmanl\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n dev\u015firme gelene\u011finin bir devam\u0131 niteli\u011findedir.<\/p>\n<p><b>Muhacir politikas\u0131<br \/>\n<\/b><br \/>\nSonu\u00e7 olarak, \u00d6zbay ve Y\u00fccel&#8217;e g\u00f6re, Cumhuriyet h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin Osmanl\u0131 muhacir politikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe gitmeden s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcklerini s\u00f6ylenebilir. Yani Cumhuriyet&#8217;in ilk y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki milli kimlik aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ve devletin y\u00f6nlendirmesi ile olu\u015fan bu politikada n\u00fcfus dini a\u00e7\u0131dan homojenle\u015ftirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zetle, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7 politikas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r: Balkanlar&#8217;dan &#8216;T\u00fcrk soyundan gelme M\u00fcsl\u00fcman&#8217; g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc te\u015fvik etmek, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayanlar\u0131 (H\u0131ristiyan T\u00fcrkler de dahil olmak \u00fczere), b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle d\u0131\u015flamak, S\u00fcnni ve Hanefi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Rumeli muhacirlerini tercih ederken, Orta Asya, Ortado\u011fu ve Afrika&#8217;dan gelen T\u00fcrk ve\/veya M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 &#8220;vatanda\u015f&#8221; olarak benimsememek Bu g\u00f6\u00e7 politikas\u0131, hem II Abd\u00fclhamit&#8217;in \u0130slamc\u0131, hem de Atat\u00fcrk&#8217;\u00fcn laik T\u00fcrk kimli\u011finin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Di\u011fer taraftan Cumhuriyet&#8217;in kurulmas\u0131 ile beraber, \u0130stanbul&#8217;dan Ankara&#8217;ya orta s\u0131n\u0131f, e\u011fitimlilerin g\u00f6\u00e7 etmesi Ankara n\u00fcfusu i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli yap\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. &#8216;Ba\u015fkentli&#8217; olma kavram\u0131 geli\u015ftiren bu yeni &#8216;sahipler&#8217; sadece Ankara&#8217;n\u0131n de\u011fil, yeni kurulan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin de sahibidirler. Burada \u00f6nemli olan husus, bu defa \u00fclke i\u00e7inde ikinci kez g\u00f6\u00e7 eden &#8216;beyaz M\u00fcsl\u00fcman&#8217; olarak tan\u0131mlanabilecek bu g\u00f6\u00e7menler en fazla ikinci ku\u015fak muhacirlerdir. \u00d6te yandan T\u00fcrk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman muhacirlerin \u00f6zellikle \u0130stanbul, \u0130zmir, Ankara gibi \u015fehirlerde n\u00fcfusa kat\u0131lmas\u0131 ile &#8216;kentli&#8217; n\u00fcfusun yeniden tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 bir ba\u015fka \u00f6nemli konudur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu yeni tan\u0131mlama iki grubu d\u0131\u015flayan bir tan\u0131mlamad\u0131r. Birincisi b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlerin yerli n\u00fcfusudur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc &#8216;yerli&#8217; n\u00fcfus ge\u00e7mi\u015fe, yani Osmanl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa, topra\u011fa ve dine ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ve yeniliklere ayak uyduramad\u0131klar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esi ile d\u0131\u015flanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130kinci grup ise gayrim\u00fcslimlerdir. Onlar da T\u00fcrk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015flan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zbay ve Y\u00fccel&#8217;e g\u00f6re, sonu\u00e7 olarak 1850&#8217;lerden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7 t\u00fcr\u00fcnde olan bu n\u00fcfus hareketleri devletin bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclke olarak &#8216;Bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fma&#8217; projesinde \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar. Gayrim\u00fcslimlerin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmesi ve Avrupa k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden gelen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7ler yoluyla art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 projesi, bir y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Ve halen de bu politikalar kapsam\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti genel bir politika olarak do\u011fudan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman muhacir kabul etmemekte ve bu politikalar\u0131 bir anlamda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye devam etmektedir.<br \/>\nBu makaleden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 beklenen en \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7 ise \u015fudur: Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de ya\u015fayan &#8216;T\u00fcrkler&#8217; dedi\u011fimiz n\u00fcfus, asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrk olmayan ama T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcrel havzas\u0131n\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131ndaki unsurlar\u0131 da bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r ve bu unsurlar asl\u0131nda n\u00fcfusun \u00f6nemli say\u0131labilecek bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumu ancak, &#8216;Osmanl\u0131 bakiyesi&#8217; bir toplum veya &#8216;imparatorluk bakiyesi&#8217; bir toplum oldu\u011fumuz ger\u00e7e\u011fini kabul ederek a\u015fabiliriz. Ancak bu ger\u00e7e\u011fin kabul\u00fc ile homojenizasyonu bozdu\u011funa inand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z unsurlara (misyonerlik yapan rahipler, gayrim\u00fcslimler, \u00f6zellikle Ermeniler; ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen K\u00fcrtler) olan tahamm\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn artmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial;\"><b> REFERANSLAR:<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de N\u00fcfus Hareketleri,<\/b> Devlet Politikalar\u0131 ve Demografik Yap\u0131, \u00d6zbay F. ve Y\u00fccel, B. , N\u00fcfus ve Kalk\u0131nma Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesi N\u00fcfus Et\u00fctleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc. Ankara. 1-69. (2002)<br \/>\n<b>&#8216;Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;ndan G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze N\u00fcfusun Zorunlu Yer De\u011fi\u015ftirmesi ve \u0130sk\u00e2n Sorunu&#8217; Toplum ve Bilim.<\/b>50:49-71 Tekeli, \u0130lhan.(1990).<br \/>\n<b>Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nun ve T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin N\u00fcfusu:1500-1927<\/b>. Tarihi \u0130statistikler Dizisi.2.Ankara \u0130E, Behar, Cem.(1996). <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nurhayat K&#305;z&#305;lkan Sosyolog T&uuml;rkiye&rsquo;de &lsquo;T&uuml;rkler&rsquo; dedi&#287;imiz n&uuml;fus, asl&#305;nda T&uuml;rk olmayan ama T&uuml;rk k&uuml;lt&uuml;rel havzas&#305;n&#305;n etkisi alt&#305;ndaki unsurlar&#305; da bar&#305;nd&#305;r&#305;r, bunlar asl&#305;nda n&uuml;fusun &ouml;nemli bir k&#305;sm&#305;n&#305; olu&#351;turur. Bu ger&ccedil;e&#287;in kabul&uuml;, homojenizasyonu bozdu&#287;una inand&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z unsurlara tahamm&uuml;l&uuml;m&uuml;z&uuml;n artmas&#305;n&#305; m&uuml;mk&uuml;n k&#305;lar. 1927 n&uuml;fusu say&#305;m&#305;na g&ouml;re T&uuml;rkiye n&uuml;fusu 13 milyon 648 bin ki&#351;idir. Yani bug&uuml;nk&uuml; &uuml;lkemiz yeti&#351;kin n&uuml;fusunun b&uuml;y&uuml;kanne ve 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