{"id":12430,"date":"2019-03-31T10:02:38","date_gmt":"2019-03-31T15:02:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=12430"},"modified":"2019-03-31T10:02:38","modified_gmt":"2019-03-31T15:02:38","slug":"rejimin-gercek-yuzu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/rejimin-gercek-yuzu\/","title":{"rendered":"REJ\u0130M\u0130N GER\u00c7EK Y\u00dcZ\u00dc"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Etyen Mah\u00e7upyan<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Gayr\u0131m\u00fcslim vak\u0131flar\u0131 meselesi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki cumhuriyet ve vatanda\u015fl\u0131k anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n hakiki niteli\u011fini ortaya koyar. Ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde herkese e\u015fit ve adil davranmas\u0131 beklenen \u2018demokratik, laik ve sosyal bir hukuk devletinin\u2019 pratikte hangi ger\u00e7ek e\u011filimlerin esiri haline geldi\u011fini ve bu sapman\u0131n nas\u0131l da ihtirasla korundu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde, bu \u00fclkedeki rejimle ilgili muhakkak ki daha derin bir anlama \u015fans\u0131na kavu\u015fursunuz. Gayr\u0131m\u00fcslim vak\u0131flar\u0131 meselesi her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bir mal meselesidir… Az\u0131nl\u0131klara ait olan mallara yasalardan yararlanarak veya \u00f6zel yasa \u00e7\u0131kararak el koyman\u0131n kendine has bir tarihi var. 1915 Tehciri sonras\u0131nda her \u015feylerini terk ederek gitmek zorunda kalan Ermenilerin evleri, arsalar\u0131, ba\u011flar\u0131, bah\u00e7eleri, i\u015fyerleri, ticari birikimleri ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ki\u015fisel servetleri bir anda ba\u015fka insanlar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki y\u00f6netimi s\u00f6z konusu mallar\u0131n tek elde toplanmas\u0131 ve merkezdeki elitin tasarrufunda kalabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131. Merkezin talimat\u0131na ra\u011fmen zimmetine servet ge\u00e7irenlerin binden fazlas\u0131 yarg\u0131land\u0131, mahkum oldu, hatta as\u0131ld\u0131. Ama servet \u00e7oktu… Bug\u00fcn Anadolu\u2019nun neresine giderseniz gidin, servet sahibi ailelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun zenginlik tarihi 1915\u2019in hemen sonras\u0131na rastlar. \u00d6te yandan kenar\u0131ndan k\u00f6\u015fesinden k\u0131rp\u0131lanlar ve ta\u015fra e\u015fraf\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lanlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan mallar devletin uhdesine ge\u00e7ti. O d\u00f6nemden itibaren devlet kendi vatanda\u015flar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n mal ve m\u00fclk\u00fcne el koyma ve rant\u0131n\u0131 kullanma al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kespetti.<\/p>\n

Hangi vatanda\u015flar\u0131n mal\u0131na el konabilece\u011fi ise milliyet\u00e7ilikten beslenen resm\u00ee ideolojinin \u00e7er\u00e7evesi i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131… Bunlar tabii ki gayr\u0131m\u00fcslimlerdi, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc dinsel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 T\u00fcrk kimli\u011fi alt\u0131nda kapsanmalar\u0131n\u0131 olanaks\u0131z k\u0131l\u0131yordu. Ayr\u0131ca yak\u0131n tarihin ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 hareketleri gayr\u0131m\u00fcslimlerin \u2018g\u00fcvenilmez\u2019 bir toplumsal kesim oldu\u011funun i\u015flenmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Dahas\u0131 bu insanlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki kozmopolit Osmanl\u0131 d\u00fczenini \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve o d\u00f6nemin toplumsal normlar\u0131n\u0131 ima etti\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, cumhuriyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir rahats\u0131zl\u0131k yaratmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle gayr\u0131m\u00fcslim vak\u0131flar\u0131n mallar\u0131na el koyma prati\u011finin alt\u0131nda bizzat gayr\u0131m\u00fcslimlerin ikincil k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131, ideolojik ve psikolojik olarak d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131 yatar. B\u00f6yle bir arka plan \u00f6n\u00fcnde gayr\u0131m\u00fcslimlerin siyasi olarak da d\u0131\u015flanmalar\u0131n\u0131 me\u015fru g\u00f6rmek ve g\u00f6stermek kolayd\u0131r. Nitekim bu bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, nihayette gayr\u0131-m\u00fcslimlerin vatanda\u015fl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gayr\u0131-me\u015fru oldu\u011funu ima etmektedir…<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece cumhuriyet ideolojisi ve prati\u011fi farkl\u0131 me\u015fruiyetlere sahip iki vatanda\u015f \u00fcretmi\u015f oldu ve bu alg\u0131lama ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k kavram\u0131yla, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da rejimin kendi me\u015fruiyetiyle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fti. Bunun \u00f6nemi cumhuriyetin farkl\u0131 vatanda\u015fl\u0131k tipolojileri \u00fcretmesini daha ba\u015ftan olanakl\u0131 k\u0131lan bir anlay\u0131\u015fa dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermesidir. Daha sonraki y\u0131llarda konjonkt\u00fcr\u00fcn ihtiya\u00e7 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi oranda S\u00fcnnilerin, Alevilerin veya K\u00fcrtlerin ayn\u0131 ikincil konuma itilmeleri ideolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan bir mesele olarak alg\u0131lanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar siyasetin gere\u011fi olarak yap\u0131lan \u2018teknik\u2019 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131klard\u0131r. Devlet s\u00f6ylemi bu kesimlerin zaman i\u00e7inde de\u011fi\u015fmesi ve devlete biat etmesi beklentisini ta\u015f\u0131r. Yani ortada kategorik bir ayr\u0131\u015fma de\u011fil, ehlile\u015fmesi gereken bir halk vard\u0131r…<\/p>\n

Ama i\u015f gayr\u0131m\u00fcslimlere geldi\u011finde bu s\u00f6ylem aniden buharla\u015f\u0131r. Gayr\u0131m\u00fcslimler kimlik olarak reddedilen ve bu reddiyeyi hakeden gruplar olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda istenen \u015fey basittir: Buralardan gitmeleri ve bu topra\u011f\u0131 \u2018T\u00fcrk\u2019lere b\u0131rakmalar\u0131… \u00d6te yandan giderken sahip olduklar\u0131 mal ve m\u00fclk\u00fc de beraberinde g\u00f6t\u00fcrecekleri gibi bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, \u00f6rne\u011fin bunlar\u0131 tazmin etmeye y\u00f6nelik bir devlet tutumu hi\u00e7bir zaman olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yerle\u015fik b\u00fcrokratik alg\u0131lama ta \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lardan bu yana sabittir: Gitsinler ama mallar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131raks\u0131nlar…<\/p>\n

Gatr\u0131m\u00fcslim vak\u0131flar\u0131n mallar\u0131 bu nedenle kritik bir mesele… \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131na cumhuriyet demekle bir \u00fclke cumhuriyet olmuyor… Kendi vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u2018gayr\u0131\u2019la\u015ft\u0131ran bir zihniyetin ger\u00e7ek rengi eninde sonunda tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor…<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Etyen Mahçupyan Gayrımüslim vakıfları meselesi Türkiye’deki cumhuriyet ve vatandaşlık anlayışının hakiki niteliğini ortaya koyar. Kağıt üzerinde herkese eşit ve adil davranması beklenen ‘demokratik, laik ve sosyal bir hukuk devletinin’ pratikte hangi gerçek eğilimlerin esiri haline geldiğini ve bu sapmanın nasıl da ihtirasla korunduğunu gördüğünüzde, bu ülkedeki rejimle ilgili muhakkak ki daha derin bir anlama şansına […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12430"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12430\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12432,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12430\/revisions\/12432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}