{"id":12485,"date":"2019-03-31T11:18:27","date_gmt":"2019-03-31T16:18:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=12485"},"modified":"2019-03-31T11:18:27","modified_gmt":"2019-03-31T16:18:27","slug":"karamursel-ilcesinde-kuzey-kafkasyali-imler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/karamursel-ilcesinde-kuzey-kafkasyali-imler\/","title":{"rendered":"KARAM\u00dcRSEL \u0130L\u00c7ES\u0130NDE KUZEY KAFKASYALI \u0130MLER"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

GUNOKUE C. \u00d6zbay<\/strong>
\n<\/span> <\/span> Kuzey Kafkasya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi, Y\u0131l 8 Nisan May\u0131s 1978, Say\u0131 48<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7erkesler, K\u0131r\u0131m sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonraki y\u0131llarda s\u0131k s\u0131k bahsedilen bir konuydu. Kafkaslar Rus i\u015fgaline u\u011frad\u0131k\u00e7a, buradaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ahali Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’na kitleler halinde g\u00f6\u00e7e ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bilhassa 1863-1864 k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00fcney-bat\u0131 Kafkasya’da direni\u015fler k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131nca, y\u00fcz binlerce Kafkasyal\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7meni Osmanl\u0131 limanlar\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015ftu. \u0130ngiltere’nin \u0130stanbul b\u00fcy\u00fck el\u00e7isi Sir. H. Bulwer D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Earl Russel’e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 3 May\u0131s 1864 tarihli raporunda “\u00c7erkezistan gitti; kurtar\u0131lacak art\u0131k Cerkesler kald\u0131” (In short, Circassia is gone; what yet remains to seave is the Circassians) demektedir.<\/p>\n

Rus i\u015fgalinden ka\u00e7an bu insanlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Anadolu’ya, \u00e7o\u011fu ise Rumeli’ye, Tuna boylar\u0131na iskan edildi. .Kafkas g\u00f6\u00e7menlerinin Rumeli’ye yerle\u015ftirilmeleri, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun Balkanlarda H\u0131ristiyan unsura kar\u015f\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman unsuru kuvvetlendirme politikas\u0131 g\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015feklinde yorumlad\u0131 ve tenkitlere u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bilhassa Panslavist propagandan\u0131n tahrik etti\u011fi bu kampanya sonunda, bir \u00c7erkes psikozu yaratacak seviyeye geldi. \u00c7erkeslerin yerli H\u0131ristiyan halka i\u015fkence yapt\u0131klar\u0131, asayi\u015fi bozduklar\u0131 yolundaki propaganda, Avrupa kamuoyuna da bir ger\u00e7ek gibi kabul ettirilmi\u015f hatta Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmeti nezdinde te\u015febb\u00fcslerde bulunduklar\u0131 gibi, 1877 Berlin muahedesindeki hususi bir madde ile, Rumeli’de iskan edilmi\u015f \u00c7erkeslerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 temin ediyorlar, bu suretle \u00c7erkesler ikinci bir g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu suretle ikinci kez yerlerinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan \u00c7erkesler, Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n verdi\u011fi topraklara g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiriliyordu. Bunlardan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 band\u0131ral\u0131 gemilerle Orta Do\u011fu’daki yeni yerlerine giderken, gemilerinde yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, takriben yedi y\u00fcz ki\u015fi yanarak \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sa\u011f kalanlar\u0131 da Acre<\/b>‘ye (Akre), oradan Nablus<\/b>‘a ge\u00e7mi\u015fler, daha sonra Kuneytre<\/b>, Jolan<\/b>, Amman<\/b>, ve \u0130srail<\/b>‘de koloni merkezleri olu\u015fturmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6\u00e7menler yeni vatanlar\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131namamakta, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131klar ile m\u00fccadele etmi\u015fler, tekrar d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yapmak i\u00e7in direnenler olmu\u015fsa da, Berlin muahedesi bu g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin yolunu kapam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Her \u015feye ra\u011fmen Orta Do\u011fu’dan \u0130stanbul’a gelmeyi ba\u015farabilenler, daha \u00f6nce bu \u015fehre, gerek Rumeli gerek Asya yolu ile gelip yerle\u015fmi\u015f hem\u015ferilerle bulu\u015fup, anla\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucunda, Karam\u00fcrsel’in Yalakdere<\/b> havzas\u0131n\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131 ve Hersek Deltas\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00fcneyi olmak \u00fczere muayyen yerleri sat\u0131n alarak de\u011fi\u015fik tarihlerde s\u0131ras\u0131yla: Aktoprak<\/b>, Fevziye<\/b>, Karadere<\/b>, \u00d6rencik<\/b>, Tevfikiye<\/b> k\u00f6ylerini kurarak koloniyel merkezlerini korumu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu k\u00f6y sakinlerinin atalar\u0131 Kuzey Kafkasya’n\u0131n Kuban<\/b>, Labe<\/b>, Af\u0131bs<\/b> gibi b\u00f6lgelerin Ps\u0131j<\/b> Hable<\/b>, P\u015f\u0131<\/b> \u00c7ev<\/b>, Kab\u0131<\/b> Hable<\/b>, Hac\u0131<\/b> Tu\u011fuj<\/b> Hable<\/b>, Hac\u0131mkue<\/b> Hable<\/b>, B\u0131rs\u0131r<\/b> Hable<\/b>, \u015euitse<\/b> Hable<\/b>, Guner\u0131kue<\/b> Hable<\/b>‘lerden g\u00f6\u00e7 eden g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin bakiyeleridir.<\/p>\n

Mesken tiplerine gelince, en \u00e7ok rastlanan tip iki katl\u0131 ve ah\u015fap dolma olanlard\u0131r. Buna sebep, eski k\u00f6y kom\u015fular\u0131 Ermenilerin, ev yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan esinlenerek, o d\u00f6nemde yayg\u0131n olan ipekb\u00f6cek\u00e7ili\u011fini geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in evleri, Ermeni ustalar\u0131na yapt\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir. Eski \u00c7erkes tipi evler \u00e7ok nadir oldu\u011fu gibi, \u00e7at\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 da su otu yerine kiremit ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6yler kuruldu\u011funda tahsilli kimseler vard\u0131ysa da, Balkan ve Ulusal Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015flar\u0131 bunlar\u0131 \u00c7anakkale, Gali\u00e7ya, Kafkas Cephesi, Filistin, Yemen frontlar\u0131 yitirmi\u015ftir. \u0130l\u00e7enin Yunan i\u015fgalinden kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00c7erkeslerin katk\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bilhassa b\u00f6lgede faaliyet g\u00f6steren G\u00f6kbayrak tabur komutan\u0131 Da\u011f\u0131stanl\u0131 Cemal, S\u00fcvari komutan\u0131 \u015ehapl\u0131 Hasan\u00e7eri Beyler, ve onlar\u0131n saflar\u0131nda hizmet g\u00f6ren TSEY Davut \u00c7avu\u015f ve Huvaj \u0130brahim \u00e7eteleri ve di\u011ferlerinin ayr\u0131 pay\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00d6nder ki\u015filerin yitirilmesi, \u015f\u00fcphesiz kalanlar\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 durgunluk yirmi be\u015f y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine dayan\u0131r. Fakat son zamanlarda Fak\u00fclte mezunu ve \u00e7e\u015fitli okullarda okuyan ve \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015f kollar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan gen\u00e7lerimiz vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6ylerimizde Ana Dili Adigece eksiksiz konu\u015fulur, \u0130stanbul’a yak\u0131n olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, lisanlar\u0131n\u0131 muhafaza edebilmi\u015f olmalar\u0131 \u00e7ok sevindiricidir. Fakat buna mukabil baz\u0131 sinsi \u00e7\u0131karc\u0131lar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f propagandalar\u0131 sonucu yozla\u015fma tehlikesi ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin; p\u015f\u0131ne (m\u0131z\u0131ka-armonika) ile yap\u0131lan g\u00fczel d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnlerimize kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bu etkinlik ile d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnler davul-zurna ve \u00e7engiler alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu durumlar hayli zaman devam etmi\u015ftir. Ancak bu uygulamalar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu, Kafkasl\u0131l\u0131k ile ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kendi folklorumuzu ya\u015fayal\u0131m sav\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atan her k\u00f6yden bir ka\u00e7 gen\u00e7 birle\u015ferek, toplumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in daima faydal\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131klar\u0131 Kafkas K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Yard\u0131mla\u015fma Derne\u011fi’ni 24 Kas\u0131m 1976 tarihinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ferek hizmete a\u00e7m\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Gen\u00e7lerimizin olumlu ve etkili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, k\u00f6ylerimizde etkili olduklar\u0131 \u00f6rneklerle saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fini daha \u00f6nce davul-zurna ile yap\u0131lan d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnlerin yerini, \u00c7erkes toplumunun sahibi olan p\u015f\u0131ne ile oyunlar\u0131m\u0131z almakta, i\u015f, hukuki ve sosyal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. K\u00f6ylerimiz ge\u00e7imlerini ziraatla, sa\u011flar, en \u00e7ok sebze, \u00fcz\u00fcm, \u015feftali, armut ve elma yeti\u015ftirilir. Daha \u00f6nce yayg\u0131n olana ipek b\u00f6cek\u00e7ili\u011fi ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kta gerileme g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. K\u00f6ylerimizde, k\u00f6y\u00fc g\u00fczelle\u015ftirme ve dayan\u0131\u015fma dernekleri kurulmu\u015ftur. \u00c7erkes k\u00f6ylerinin merkezi olan Feyziye’de ayr\u0131ca tar\u0131m kredi kooperatifi kurulmu\u015f olup, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sayesinde olumlu sonu\u00e7lar al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca her y\u0131l 6 May\u0131s H\u0131derlez g\u00fcn\u00fc merkez Feyziye’de g\u00fcre\u015f ve at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmektedir…<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GUNOKUE C. Özbay Kuzey Kafkasya Kültür Dergisi, Yıl 8 Nisan Mayıs 1978, Sayı 48 Çerkesler, Kırım savaşından sonraki yıllarda sık sık bahsedilen bir konuydu. Kafkaslar Rus işgaline uğradıkça, buradaki Müslüman ahali Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’na kitleler halinde göçe başlamışlardı. Bilhassa 1863-1864 kışında güney-batı Kafkasya’da direnişler kırılınca, yüz binlerce Kafkasyalı göçmeni Osmanlı limanlarını doldurmuştu. İngiltere’nin İstanbul büyük elçisi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12485"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12485\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12487,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12485\/revisions\/12487"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}