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Prof. Dr. Nabat\u00e7ikov<\/strong> Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yal\u00e7\u0131n doruklar\u0131, Hazar, Karadeniz ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Bozk\u0131r\u2019\u0131n u\u00e7suz geni\u015fli\u011fiyle d\u00fcnya medeniyet merkezlerinden tarihin daha ilk \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fen Kuzey Kafkasya, antik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn en g\u00f6z al\u0131c\u0131 mekanlar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Elveri\u015fli iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131, bereketli do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 ve m\u00fcthi\u015f verimli topra\u011f\u0131yla ilk\u00e7a\u011f ekonomisinin geli\u015fme kaydetmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan t\u00fcm olanaklar\u0131 sunmu\u015ftur. Burada Maden \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131, Mezopotamya ve Kuzey \u0130ran ile ayn\u0131 anda M.\u00d6. 6.Milenyum\u2019a rastlamaktad\u0131r. Profes\u00f6r Veselovsky N.I taraf\u0131ndan 1897\u2019de Adigey Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ba\u015fkenti Maykop\u2019ta bulunan \u201cBereketli Kurgan\u201d denilen g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bir tepecikten ismini alan Bronz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 Maykop K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, Kuzey-Bat\u0131\u2019daki Taman Yar\u0131madas\u0131ndan G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu\u2019daki Da\u011f\u0131stan\u2019a kadar Kuzey Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6zde b\u00f6lgelerine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, olu\u015fumu ve geli\u015fimi Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu\u2019dan Trans-Kuban bozk\u0131rlar\u0131 ve tepelerine kadar olan b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan gruplar\u0131n bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7ine s\u0131zmalar\u0131yla yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r ki bu gruplar gelirken Yak\u0131n-Do\u011fu\u2019nun teknolojik geli\u015fmelerini ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc yanlar\u0131nda getirmi\u015flerdir. Bu t\u00fcr kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ili\u015fkiler, t\u00fcm Avrasya s\u0131n\u0131r topraklar\u0131n\u0131n ve Avrupa Bronz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 olaylar\u0131ndan biri olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan tek bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn olu\u015fumu ile sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130lerleyen zamanlarda Maykop K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc bu b\u00f6lgede, Kuzey Kafkas K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ve yerel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 da kapsayan tek bir tarihin geli\u015fimine temel olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. B\u00f6ylesine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta kaydedilen geli\u015fme, Kafkas Bozk\u0131rlar\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f yeti\u015ftirici kabilelerin, yer alt\u0131 mezar\u0131 ve kereste \u00e7er\u00e7eve ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kitlesel yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla yak\u0131ndan alakal\u0131d\u0131r. M.\u00d6. 2.Milenyum\u2019un sonunda, Bronz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, Kuzey Kafkasya en geni\u015f metal \u00fcretim merkezlerinden biriydi. Bronz par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan g\u00f6z al\u0131c\u0131 sanat eserleriyle \u00fcnl\u00fc Kuban K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn as\u0131l \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 Kafkas S\u0131ra Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n meyilli etekleri ve bu eteklerin kuzey b\u00f6l\u00fcmleridir. Metal ara\u00e7-gere\u00e7 ve silahlarda pek \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik yerel \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin aras\u0131nda, Kuban Kabilelerinin Transkafkasya ve Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu \u00fclkeleriyle samimi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik temaslar\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlayan \u201cTranskafkasya ve Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu Modelleri\u201d hi\u00e7 zorluk \u00e7ekilmeden ay\u0131rt edilebilir. Bozk\u0131r\u0131n o uzun zorlu yollar\u0131 boyunca Kuzey Kafkasya sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fler, Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015farak uzaklara kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bronz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru, bronz i\u015flemecili\u011finde gelinen nokta demirden ara\u00e7-gere\u00e7 ve silah yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli demir i\u015flemecili\u011fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019da M.\u00d6. 8.y\u00fczy\u0131l, Rusya ve Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcney Avrupa k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndaki ilk devlet olu\u015fumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kabile birliklerinin yerle\u015fme alanlar\u0131n\u0131 eski \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ilkel ili\u015fkilerinden tamamen ayr\u0131 tutan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli tarihsel bir s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izgisi olmu\u015ftur. Pek \u00e7ok bozk\u0131r insan\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ebelikle sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomik ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f, geni\u015f \u00e7apta g\u00f6\u00e7ler ve uzun mesafeli yolculuklar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bozk\u0131r\u0131n o da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k olma \u00f6zelli\u011finin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z uzant\u0131s\u0131 birle\u015ftirici bir \u00f6zelli\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130lk defa sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 kabileler Kimmerler ve \u0130skitler, d\u00fcnya tarih arenas\u0131nda belirmi\u015flerdir. Onlar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc etkileri, t\u00fcm Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu medeni d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 sars\u0131nt\u0131ya u\u011fratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n kuzey d\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, g\u00f6\u00e7men sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 birliklerin zengin g\u00fcneye ya\u011fmalama yolculuklar\u0131 yapmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in iyi bir ge\u00e7i\u015f alan\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Tarih\u00e7iler, \u0130skitlerin Kafkasya \u00fczerinden Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu \u00fclkelerine yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ya\u011fmalama seferleri i\u00e7in d\u00f6rt rota belirlerler. Bunlar aras\u0131nda Meot-Kolkis yolu, Mamison ge\u00e7idi ile Derbent ve Daryal \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 vard\u0131r. En son s\u00f6ylenen as\u0131l rota olarak bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n Tam burada, M.\u00d6. 7.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u2019\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131na rastlayan tarihlerde, Orta Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n bozk\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerinde Kuzey Kafkasya\u2019daki \u0130skit K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn antik arkeolojik yap\u0131tlar\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftur. Kuzey-Bat\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019da Meot \u00f6ncesi kabileleri, ilk olarak Kimmerler ve sonras\u0131nda da \u0130skitler ile yak\u0131n ili\u015fkiler kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. \u015e\u00fcphesiz Meot \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nem n\u00fcfusundan bireysel gruplar\u0131n Yak\u0131n-Do\u011fu seferlerine kat\u0131lmalar\u0131 Kuban Bozk\u0131r\u0131\u2019na sava\u015f ganimeti getirmi\u015ftir. Bu sadece M.\u00d6. 7-8.y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Kimmerler ve \u0130skitler gibi Meot \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nem silah ve ko\u015fum tak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131yla de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda Urartu ve Asyal\u0131 sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yapm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n da bulunmas\u0131yla kan\u0131tlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n M.\u00d6. 6.y\u00fczy\u0131lda Kuzey-Bat\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019da iki farkl\u0131 etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr birikiminin- Fars\u00e7a konu\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7ebe \u0130skitler ve yerel d\u00fcmen yeleleri ile s\u0131\u011f\u0131r yeti\u015ftiricileri- etkile\u015fimi sonucunda e\u015fsiz sanatsal geleneklere sahip Meot K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, Azak Denizi\u2019nin kuzey sahil b\u00f6lgeleri, Kuban ve Trans-Kuban Bozk\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 da kapsayan geni\u015f alanlar\u0131 i\u015fgal eden yaz\u0131l\u0131 antik kaynaklardan \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fi kadar\u0131yla Meot Kabilelerinden Dandar, Kerket, Sindi, Psesi ve Thatei\u2019dir. Kuzey Karadeniz sahil b\u00f6lgelerinin antik merkezleri ile yak\u0131n ticari ve politik temaslar kurulmu\u015f, \u00f6zellikle Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman\u0131nda k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik ba\u011flar kuvvetlendirilerek \u015fekillendirilmi\u015ftir.(M.\u00d6. 5.Y.Y.) Zengin cenaze alanlar\u0131nda bulunan pek \u00e7ok antik ithal mallar ve mezhep tap\u0131naklar\u0131 bunu kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n M.\u00d6. 4.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u2019da Fars\u00e7a konu\u015fan yeni bir g\u00f6\u00e7ebe dalgas\u0131, Avrasya Bozk\u0131rlar\u0131\u2019na yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Don Deltas\u0131, Trans-Don ve Volga\u2019ya kadar olan b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan Sarmatyanlar, Ural B\u00f6lgesinden benzer kabilelerin te\u015fvikiyle birle\u015fmi\u015f ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kabile birli\u011fi olu\u015fturmu\u015flard\u0131r. 2. ve 3.y\u00fczy\u0131llarda g\u00fcneyde Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n bozk\u0131r k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ve Kafkas S\u0131ra Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n eteklerine kadar olan yerleri, bat\u0131da ise Dyneper ve Don aras\u0131ndaki Kuzey Karadeniz sahil b\u00f6lgesinin bozk\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgal etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n Sarmatyanlar\u0131n geni\u015f alanlara yerle\u015fmeleri Sarmatyan K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve en \u00f6nemlisi yerel n\u00fcfusun Sarmatyanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M.\u00d6. 1 y\u00fczy\u0131lda Avrupa\u2019da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir politik g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak bilinen en b\u00fcy\u00fck kabile birliklerinden Aorsi ve Siraci, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nin Roma ve Pontus ile ili\u015fkilerine engel olan i\u00e7 sava\u015flarda yer alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. M.S. 1 y\u00fczy\u0131lda Kuzey Kafkasya ve Don b\u00f6lgelerinde, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu Sarmatyan Kabilelerinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Alani isminde yeni b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00f6\u00e7ebe birlik belirmi\u015ftir. M.S. 4.y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar Kafkasya d\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn esas n\u00fcfusunu onlar olu\u015fturmu\u015flard\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015fman kom\u015fular\u0131n \u015fiddetli sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki yerle\u015fik n\u00fcfus, yerel k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00f6zelliklerinin devam etti\u011fi da\u011flara ve yama\u00e7lara do\u011fru gitmeye mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Hun istilalar\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak M.S. 4 y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonunda geli\u015fen \u015fiddetli olaylar Sarmatyan egemenli\u011fine son vermi\u015ftir. Bu olay, Avrupa tarihinde yeni bir sayfa a\u00e7an \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6\u00e7\u201d devrinin de ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Asya derinliklerinden sel gibi ak\u0131t\u0131lan say\u0131s\u0131z T\u00fcrk kabilesi ve insan\u0131, Kuzey Kafkas n\u00fcfusunun etnik olu\u015fumunda, daha sonra bu b\u00f6lgede yer alacak k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve etnik s\u00fcrece de yans\u0131yacak olan g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr pek \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fiklikler getirmi\u015flerdir. Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131, Kuzey Kafkasya i\u00e7in kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klarla doludur.<\/p>\n Hazarlar, Hazar Denizi\u2019nin Kuzey-Do\u011fu sahil b\u00f6lgesinde g\u00fc\u00e7lerini art\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, Orta Kafkasya \u0130ran-Bizans sava\u015flar\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak d\u00fcnya arenas\u0131na tekrar \u00e7\u0131kan Alanlar\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011fine ge\u00e7mi\u015f, Kuzey-Do\u011fu Kuban bozk\u0131rlar\u0131nda Bulgarlar \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Bulgarya\u201d Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015f ve eski Ad\u0131ge-Zihi kabileleri Kuzey Karadeniz sahil b\u00f6lgesinde birle\u015fmi\u015flerdi. Hazar Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n olu\u015fumu, Kuzey Kafkasya Topluluklar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sosyal ve ekonomik alanda yeniden yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir etki yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ortak s\u0131n\u0131rlar, Hazar hanlar\u0131n\u0131n merkezile\u015ftirilmi\u015f politikalar\u0131, \u00f6z\u00fcnde Alan-Bulgar olan Hazar K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131 ile geli\u015fmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asya ve Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 ba\u011flayan muhte\u015fem \u0130pek Yolu, Kuzey Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n uluslar aras\u0131 ticaret ve ekonomide ortakl\u0131klar kurmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve yeni k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, ideolojik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin \u015fampiyonu yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130slamiyet, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k ve Yahudilik Hazarya n\u00fcfusunun geleneksel pagan anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler getirmi\u015ftir. Kuzey Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n politik ve ekonomik durumundaki derin de\u011fi\u015fiklikler Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Mo\u011fol \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nem, orta\u00e7a\u011f k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 olan Kafkas K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn olu\u015fumu i\u00e7in final d\u00f6nemidir. Bu d\u00f6nem, b\u00f6lgenin pek \u00e7ok genel ve \u00f6zel \u00f6zellikleriyle birlikte olu\u015fturdu\u011fu genel imaj\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekillendi\u011fi d\u00f6nemdir. Madencilik, maden i\u015flemecili\u011fi, \u00e7\u00f6mlek\u00e7ilik ve m\u00fccevher zanaat\u0131, ev yap\u0131m\u0131 ve tar\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k Kafkas Milletine ait as\u0131l alanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Tatar-Mo\u011fol istilas\u0131, ekonomik temeli y\u0131k\u0131larak Kuzey Kafkasya eyaletleri ve insan\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimini uzunca bir s\u00fcre sekteye u\u011fratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Alt\u0131nordu hanlar\u0131n\u0131n ac\u0131mas\u0131z yok edici bask\u0131nlar\u0131 ve daha sonras\u0131nda Timur\u2019un seferleri, Kuzey Kafkasya b\u00f6lgesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta y\u0131k\u0131mla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f ve 13.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda olu\u015fan etnik s\u0131n\u0131rlar de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 \u00f6zellikle Kuzey-Do\u011fu ve Orta Kafkasya\u2019da Ad\u0131gelerin Alan birliklerini bozguna u\u011fratt\u0131klar\u0131 ve Alan n\u00fcfusunu \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 ve daha sonra da g\u00fcneydo\u011fu i\u00e7lerine do\u011fru hareket ederek s\u0131ras\u0131yla bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Kabardey-Balkar ve Kara\u00e7ay-\u00c7erkes topraklar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgal ettikleri yerlerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu d\u00f6nem, Meotlardaki zengin bulgulara dayanarak \u201cBelore\u00e7erkesya\u201d ismi verilen orta\u00e7a\u011f Ad\u0131ge K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in alt\u0131n bir \u00e7a\u011fd\u0131r. \u00c7e\u015fitli silah par\u00e7alar\u0131, m\u00fccevher ve kemer setleri, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f f\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar ve Vedenik cam\u0131 bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn refah\u0131 ve zenginli\u011fini Bat\u0131 ve Do\u011fu d\u00fcnyalar\u0131yla olan k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ticari ili\u015fkilerinin geni\u015fli\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n Bu makale 5 Milenyum s\u00fcresince Kuzey Kafkasya tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine k\u0131sa bir bak\u0131\u015f getirmektedir. Meotlar, g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc zeminler, antik alanlar ve \u015fehirler, tap\u0131naklar ve Kuzey Kafkas insan\u0131n\u0131n tarihine dair pek \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131t\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla bunlara a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zel bir bilim dal\u0131 olarak Kafkasoloji olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, \u00e7ok ciltli \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak her y\u0131l yeni materyaller belirmekte ve b\u00f6ylelikle bilim adamlar\u0131 onlar\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmekte, do\u011frulamakta ve bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmektedir.<\/p>\n Kuzey Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n zengin topraklar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de pek \u00e7ok gizeme sahiptir ancak ge\u00e7en zaman bu gizemlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k kazanmas\u0131na imkan sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Tarlalar a\u00e7mak, sulama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, su hatlar\u0131 ve depo \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 pek \u00e7ok orta\u00e7a\u011f antik eserinin yok olmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. Bu da, geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 koruma ve aktif alanlardaki eserlerin muhafaza edilmesini birincil derecede \u00f6neme sahip bir konuma getirmektedir. Moskova Saint-Petersburg, Krasnodar B\u00f6lgesi, Stavropol, Ad\u0131ge, Da\u011f\u0131stan, Osetya, Kara\u00e7ay \u00c7erkes, Kabardey-Balkar, \u0130ngu\u015fetya ve \u00c7e\u00e7en Cumhuriyetlerinin arkeologlar\u0131 son d\u00f6nemlerde tarihsel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlamda zengin olan bu b\u00f6lgenin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n\u0131 koruma alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in arkas\u0131 kesilmeyen bir m\u00fccadele i\u00e7erisine girmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca bu, 1981\u2019de Ph.D Leskov A.M. \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde kurulan Devlet Oryantal Sanat M\u00fczesi Kafkas Arkeoloji Heyeti\u2019nin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeyi hedefledikleri ama\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. 17 alandaki d\u00f6nemlik kaz\u0131lar, Orta ve Kuzey-Bat\u0131 Kafkasya Orta \u00c7a\u011f tarihinin n\u00fcfusunun ve zengin antik materyallerin bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu buluntular oryantal ve antik sanat\u0131n ger\u00e7ek \u00f6rnekleri olan yerel sanat\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan e\u015fsiz eserleri i\u00e7ermektedir. Bu eserler Kara\u00e7ay-\u00c7erkes ve Stavropol B\u00f6lgesinde Dr. Flerov V.S. ve Ph.D. Kozenkova V.I. \u00f6nderli\u011findeki Rus Bilim Akademisi Arkeoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Heyetinin kaz\u0131lar\u0131nda bulunan ilgin\u00e7 buluntular\u0131n da eklendi\u011fi Devlet Oryantal Sanat M\u00fczesi Arkeoloji Koleksiyonu\u2019nun as\u0131l eserlerini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Prof. Dr. Nabatçikov Devlet Oryantal Sanat Müzesi Direktörü, Moskova Artefact Caucasus, Gold of the North Caucasus Kafkas Dağları’nın yalçın dorukları, Hazar, Karadeniz ve Büyük Bozkır’ın uçsuz genişliğiyle dünya medeniyet merkezlerinden tarihin daha ilk çağlarında ayrı düşen Kuzey Kafkasya, antik kültürün en göz alıcı mekanlarından biri olmuştur. Elverişli iklim koşulları, bereketli doğal kaynakları ve müthiş verimli 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\n<\/span> <\/span> Devlet Oryantal Sanat M\u00fczesi Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc, Moskova
\nArtefact Caucasus, Gold of the North Caucasus<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n