{"id":12803,"date":"2019-03-31T16:39:38","date_gmt":"2019-03-31T21:39:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=12803"},"modified":"2019-03-31T16:39:38","modified_gmt":"2019-03-31T21:39:38","slug":"abdzehe-kheberxer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/abdzehe-kheberxer\/","title":{"rendered":"ABDZEHE KHEBERXER"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\u00c7UYEKO Yunus
\n<\/strong> Adige Mak Gazetesi, Nisan 2014
\n\u00c7eviri: A\u00c7UMIJ Hilmi<\/p>\n

\u015eHALAHO Abu \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yor; ‘(…) bizim dilimize ait olup, ba\u015fka dile girmi\u015f, o milletin i\u015fitti\u011fi \u015fekilde, dilinin d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kadar s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi bu kelimeler bir daha dilimize geri d\u00f6n\u00fcp \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131lmaya (\u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131lmasayd\u0131! \u00c7UYEKO Yunus) ba\u015flad\u0131. \u015eehurac yerine \u00c7exrak, H\u0131m\u0131\u015f\u00e7ey yerine Ham\u0131\u015fki,\u00a0 J\u0131vub\u011fu yerine Cubga, Daho yerine Dahavskaya’… Bunun su\u00e7lusu kim? Da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bertaraf edip biraraya gelmemizin zaman\u0131 geldi… BRANT Zekeriya’n\u0131n elyazmalar\u0131 bu konuda bize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak mahiyetteler. BRANT Zekeriya ‘Abdzehe Kheberxer’ diye bu elyazmalar\u0131na ba\u015fl\u0131k verdi. Daha \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemlerde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bilimadamlar\u0131ndan HUAJ Muhammet’in raporsal nitelikler ta\u015f\u0131yan listesinde; ‘HATANE Abdulah’\u0131n (Adigebzem yizehef Gu\u015f\u0131atle -si yazar\u0131, \u00c7UYEKO Yunus) incelemesi sonucunda bu elyazmas\u0131n\u0131n arap harfleri ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Adigece metin oldu\u011funu belirledik. B\u00f6yle olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen elyazmas\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kullan\u0131lan Rus alfabesi ile olu\u015fturulmu\u015f Adigece ile bas\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Siz de\u011ferli gazete okuycular\u0131, bu eseri tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda\u00a0 sizin yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z de\u011ferlendirmeyi bilmiyorum ama ben bu elyazmas\u0131 kitab\u0131 okudu\u011fumda Tolstoy\u2019un ‘Sava\u015f ve Bar\u0131\u015f’ adl\u0131 eseri akl\u0131ma geldi. Kitap Abdzeh (birebir) Adige milletini konu olan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir tarih kitab\u0131, umman\u0131n dibi ile dahi k\u0131yaslanamayacak derinlikte. Uzun bir d\u00f6nemi ele al\u0131yor, pek \u00e7ok \u015fah\u0131sa de\u011finiliyor. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bu eserden ks\u0131mlar bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z…<\/p>\n

Abdzah nizam\u0131n\u0131 (xabzesini) ikinci defa anlat\u0131yorum. \u0130lkini SEAUH Seferb\u0131y ‘Abdzahlar\u0131n nas\u0131l bir nizam\u0131 vard\u0131, topraklar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131nr\u0131 nereye kadard\u0131, g\u00f6sterdikleri yi\u011fitlikleri, n\u00fcfuslar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylermisin’ diye sordu\u011funda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledim;<\/p>\n

Adige Khebar\u0131j<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcm Adigelerin khebar\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorum, ben Abdzeh’\u0131m bu y\u00fczden Abdzehlerin khebar\u0131n\u0131 sana anlatay\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Adzdehlerin memleketinde bulunan nehirler; P\u015f\u0131\u015f, Psekups, Ku\u015f\u0131, Tse\u015f\u0131, P\u00e7\u0131ha, Ts\u0131tse, Thoho, H\u0131d\u0131c, Feb\u011fu, Ye\u015f’ako, Kuj\u0131ps, \u015ehagua\u015f, Dahu, Mezmay, Ps\u0131fur, Farz…<\/p>\n

Bu nehirlerin tamam\u0131 ufak nehirler, hepsi P\u015f\u0131ze nehrine ak\u0131yorlar. B\u00fct\u00fcn hepsinin do\u011fdu\u011fu da\u011f ise Abdzahlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck, y\u00fcksek da\u011f\u0131 F\u0131\u015ft. Da\u011f\u0131 gezmeyen insan d\u00fcnyay\u0131 yeterince g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015fte Abdzahlar\u0131n sahip olduklar\u0131 vatanlar\u0131. Abdzahlar\u0131n sahip olduklar\u0131 memlekette bulunan Kazak kasabas\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 ise 77 ve idare merkezi olan kent M\u0131yekuape.<\/p>\n

Abdzah Nizam\u0131 (xabzesi)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abdzah 62 tl’eko (s\u00fclale) oluyor. \u00d6nce Yed\u0131c, Tsey en sonuncusu da Ap\u0131\u015f, Hab\u0131ra\u00e7o. Bunlardan 8’i vork. Yed\u0131c, Yenem\u0131ko, An\u00e7oko, Davur, Cen\u00e7ate, Berzek.<\/p>\n

Abdzahlar\u0131n p\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 da hanlar\u0131 da yoktu. Bir sorunlar\u0131 olup biraraya geldiklerinde s\u00f6zkonusu i\u015fle alakal\u0131 uygun olarak konu\u015fan ki\u015fi \u00f6nderleri oluyordu. Bu konuda onun kararlar\u0131na uygun hareket ediyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Abdzahlar\u0131n gelinalmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gelin almaya gittiklerinde, gittikleri k\u00f6yde elbisleri az-\u00e7ok denilmeden al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. At ve silahlar\u0131 haricindekileri al\u0131rlar utanmayacaklar\u0131 eski elbiseler verir giydikleri k\u0131yafetler al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

K\u0131z e\u011fer evlenmeyecek olursa ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da olurdu.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yapacaklar\u0131 zaman daha fazla imkan\u0131 olanlar \u00fc\u00e7, be\u015f yedi g\u00fcn d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yaparlard\u0131. Gelinin erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu\u011funda iplikle sal\u0131ncak kurar \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7 gece cegu yaparlard\u0131. Bunun ard\u0131ndan kurban keser ismini takarlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Abdzahlar\u0131n iki ismi var<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abdzehe Kur\u0131bz, Abdzahe Phets. Abdzahe Kur\u0131bz Mezmaye’den \u00e7\u0131kanlar. Abdzahe Phets\u00a0 Tube Xase’den \u00e7\u0131kanlar.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n uyduklar\u0131 islam dininden bir \u015fey anlamazlard\u0131. Anlamamalar\u0131n\u0131n sebebi ise bunlar\u0131 s\u00f6yleyecek anlatacak hocalar\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131yd\u0131. Ama samimiyetle tanr\u0131n\u0131n var oldu\u011funu biliyorlard\u0131. Kendilerinin sand\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla tanr\u0131ya kulluk ederlerdi. Erkekli kad\u0131nl\u0131 olarak dua yeri olarak bir a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131, oraya gidip, dua ederlerdi.<\/p>\n

Bu a\u011fac\u0131n ismi ise ‘Tha\u00e7a\u011f’d\u0131. \u0130htiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 ve istedikleri \u015feyler i\u00e7in yakar\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Abdzahlar \u00f6l\u00fclerini y\u0131lda \u00fc\u00e7 defa konuk ederlerdi. Her aile bir gece-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0416\u044a\u044b\u0445\u044c\u0430\u043aI- J\u0131ha\u00e7, aral\u0131k ay\u0131na<\/li>\n
  2. \u041b\u044a\u044dI\u0443\u043f\u0449\u0430\u0433\u044a – Tleup\u015fa\u011f, \u015fubat ay\u0131na<\/li>\n
  3. \u041e\u0434\u044b\u0431\u0430\u043d – Vod\u0131ban, May\u0131s ay\u0131na denk gelirdi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00d6l\u00fcleri konuk etmek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131klar\u0131<\/p>\n

    \u00c7ok say\u0131da kurban yiyece\u011fi haz\u0131rlarlard\u0131. Ya\u015fl\u0131ca insanlar\u0131 toplar-davet ederlerdi. Yiyecekler haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda evlerindeki en iyi oday\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131r yemekleri sofralara dizerlerdi.\u00a0 Daha sonra (\u0445\u044d\u0433\u044a\u0440\u044d\u0439\u0445\u044d\u0440) hizmet edenler sofaralar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda bir misafir a\u011f\u0131rlarken durduklar\u0131 gibi durur davran\u0131rlar, \u00f6l\u00fclere hizmet\u00a0 eder gibi bir m\u00fcddet bu odada sofralar bekletilir daha sonra d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131larak gelen insanlara konuklara sunulur hep birlikte yenilirdi. Bu i\u015fe en \u00e7ok dikkat eden Abdzahe Phets’ti.<\/p>\n

    P’ur (yeti\u015ftirmek \u00fczere \u00e7ocuk) Alan Abdzahlarda vard\u0131<\/p>\n

    P’ur \u00fc\u00e7 isim ta\u015f\u0131r<\/p>\n

    \u0411\u043b\u044d\u0433\u044a\u0430\u0433\u044a\u044d \u043fI\u0443\u0440 – Ble\u011fa\u011fe p’ur<\/strong> – Yak\u0131nl\u0131k p’uru. M\u00fclk kazanma amac\u0131 g\u00fcderek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 p’ur olarak al\u0131p yeti\u015ftiriyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

    \u0429\u044b\u043d\u0430\u0433\u044a\u043e \u043fI\u0443\u0440 – \u015e\u0131na\u011fo p’ur – \u00c7ekince-\u00fcrk\u00fc p’uru. \u015eaki-h\u0131rl\u0131, \u015ferir kimselerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 onlardan \u00fcrkt\u00fckleri-\u00e7ekindikleri i\u00e7in p’ur olarak al\u0131rlard\u0131<\/p>\n

    \u041b\u044a\u044b\u043e\u0441\u044d \u043fI\u0443\u0440 – Tl\u0131vose p’ur – Diyet p’uru. M\u00fclken bor\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f, fakat bunu \u00f6deyemeyecek\u00a0 durumda oldu\u011funda alacakl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011funa bak\u0131yorsa i\u015fte bu tl\u0131vose p’ur olarak isimlendirilir.<\/p>\n

    Abdzahlerin k\u0131ymet vermedikleri ki\u015filer<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Bir Abdzah erke\u011finin ba\u015f\u0131na gelecek en ay\u0131p \u015fey bindi\u011fi at\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp elindeki ganimeti ve at\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131p kendisi de sa\u011flam bir \u015fekilde geri gelmesidir.<\/p>\n

    B\u00f6yle bir \u015feyin ba\u015f\u0131na gelmesinden daha ay\u0131p bir \u015fey yok. \u0130nsanlar \u00ab\u043a\u044a\u044d\u043aI\u0443\u0430\u043f\u0449\u0438\u00bb ona buyur bile demeden, insan yerine bile konulmadan halk\u0131n aras\u0131nda kal\u0131rd\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda kad\u0131n kendi kocas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda birisi ile yoldan \u00e7\u0131karsa da de\u011fersiz say\u0131l\u0131yor hatta ard\u0131ndan \u015fark\u0131 bile yaz\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

    Abdzahlar\u0131n k\u00f6leleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

    K\u00f6lelerin tedarik edilmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Kendileri aras\u0131nda yetim-\u00f6ks\u00fcz kalanlar\u0131 zorla k\u00f6lele\u015ftiriyorlard\u0131. Uzak k\u00f6ylere gidip \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131yor, zorla ellerinden al\u0131yor yada sat\u0131n al\u0131yorlard\u0131. B\u00f6yle erkek ve k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu sat\u0131n alanlar sonra onlar\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131 kemale erince evlendiriyor aile kurduruyorlard\u0131. Onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n al\u0131yor ya da sat\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

    B\u00f6ylelerinden do\u011fan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 sat\u0131n alanlar;<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Wub\u0131h, \u0130stanbula g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp T\u00fcrk zenginlere sat\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/li>\n
    2. Shapsugh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      T\u00fcrkler \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fcklerinde k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 vermek \u00fczere sat\u0131n al\u0131yorlard\u0131. K\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 ise b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fcklerinde o\u011fullar\u0131na gelin olsun diye sat\u0131n al\u0131yorlard\u0131. T\u00fcrklerin sat\u0131n al\u0131\u015f sebepleri ise ‘Adigeler iyi oluyor, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan oluyorlar’ diyeydi. B\u00f6yleleri de \u00e7ok u\u011furlu olup iyi yerlere denk geliyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

      B\u00f6yle iyi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in vork, tl’ekotl’e\u015f olup da k\u0131z ve erkek \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 satanlarda vard\u0131. B\u00f6yle \u00e7ocu\u011funu satan vorklar\u0131 da s\u00f6yle dersen, bu tipte pek \u00e7ok laf\u0131n\u0131 dinledi\u011fim HAKURINE Hatav, TSEY Karbe\u00e7, GUME Bay, HACEMIKO Tem\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      ÇUYEKO Yunus Adige Mak Gazetesi, Nisan 2014 Çeviri: AÇUMIJ Hilmi ŞHALAHO Abu şöyle yazıyor; ‘(…) bizim dilimize ait olup, başka dile girmiş, o milletin işittiği şekilde, dilinin döndüğü kadar söylediği gibi bu kelimeler bir daha dilimize geri dönüp çarpıtılmaya (çarpıtılmasaydı! ÇUYEKO Yunus) başladı. Şehurac yerine Çexrak, Hımışçey yerine Hamışki,  Jıvubğu yerine Cubga, Daho yerine Dahavskaya’… […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12803","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12803"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12803\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12805,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12803\/revisions\/12805"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12803"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12803"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12803"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}