{"id":13140,"date":"2019-04-01T17:08:23","date_gmt":"2019-04-01T22:08:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=13140"},"modified":"2019-04-01T17:08:23","modified_gmt":"2019-04-01T22:08:23","slug":"cerkeslerin-bazi-adet-ve-ahlaki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/cerkeslerin-bazi-adet-ve-ahlaki\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7ERKESLER\u0130N BAZI ADET VE AHLAKI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/z-2013-Images-2\/570.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"417\" height=\"305\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>T. O\u015f\u0131kh <\/strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial;\"><br \/>\nYam\u00e7\u0131 Dergisi, May\u0131s 1977-\u015eubat 1978,<\/span> s. 407<\/p>\n<p>Sonralar\u0131, orduda bulunanlar\u0131 ile temaslar\u0131mdan \u00c7erkeslerin bir hayli durumlar\u0131na vak\u0131f oldum. Kabile filan gibi \u0131rk\u0131 adet ve g\u00f6reneklerinin bask\u0131s\u0131ndan kurtar\u0131l\u0131p, tam askeri bir s\u00fcvari birli\u011fi gibi tesis ve te\u015fkil edilip disiplin alt\u0131na al\u0131nmad\u0131k\u00e7a, bunlardan gerekti\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bir fayda sa\u011flanamayaca\u011f\u0131na h\u00fckmettim. Bunlar\u0131n harpte tuhaf, tuhaf adetleri vard\u0131r. Bu adamlar, yaral\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bizim doktorlara bakt\u0131rmazlar, yaral\u0131lar\u0131m ve hastalar\u0131m bizim hastanelere yat\u0131rmazlar. Kendi adetleri gere\u011fince kendi cerrahlar\u0131na bakt\u0131rmak isterler. Bir \u00c7erkes yaraland\u0131 m\u0131, askerlerin i\u00e7erisinde bulunan dost akrabas\u0131ndan -hastan\u0131n haline ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re- iki, \u00fc\u00e7 bazen d\u00f6rt ki\u015fi onu alarak ta memleketlerine ve evine kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrmeye mecburdur. Farz edelim ki, bu sava\u015fta elli \u00c7erkes yaraland\u0131, bu elli yaral\u0131 ki\u015fi y\u00fcz iki y\u00fcz sa\u011flam ki\u015fi ile i\u015ften al\u0131koyup beraberinde g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Irki ve milli adetlerinden bir \u015feyi feda etmektense, \u00f6lmek, onlarca daha evlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Afedersiniz konudan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oluyordum ama yeri gelince de yazmak icap ediyor: 1884 ve 1885 senelerinde adliye m\u00fcfetti\u015fi olarak Kastamonu vilayetinde bulunmu\u015f idim. Tefti\u015f esnas\u0131nda Bolu sanca\u011f\u0131 9&#8217;a ba\u011fl\u0131 D\u00fczce kazas\u0131na giderek bir ay orada kald\u0131m. Bu kazada, hemen \u00e7o\u011fu \u00e7e\u015fitli Kafkas kabilelerinden olmak \u00fczere 35 bin kadar n\u00fcfus var. \u00c7erkeslerin orada g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm adetlerinden biri de bilmem, fenni cerrahileri iktizas\u0131 (gerekli, gerekli olma -CC) m\u0131d\u0131r, nedir, yaral\u0131y\u0131 bir gece uyutmamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Hastan\u0131n akraba veya dostlar\u0131ndan birisi bir \u00f6k\u00fcz kesip, etini adetleri \u00fczere pi\u015firdikten sonra hastan\u0131n oldu\u011fu eve getiriyor. Etrafta b\u00fct\u00fcn kom\u015fu kad\u0131nlar, k\u0131zlar ve erkekler o \u00f6k\u00fcz\u00fc pasta ile yedikten sonra, k\u0131zlar kendilerine has \u015fark\u0131 ve s\u00f6zlerle sabaha kadar oyunlar oynay\u0131p yaral\u0131y\u0131 uyutmuyorlar. G\u00fcnd\u00fcz de bilmem nas\u0131l ediyorlar&#8230; Ertesi gece, hastan\u0131n bir ba\u015fka dostu bir inek kesiyor ve anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m adet devam ediyor, taa hastan\u0131n art\u0131k geceleri uyuklamas\u0131nda bir zarar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 cerrah (!) taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6yleninceye kadar veya say\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fcnler ge\u00e7inceye kadar. Bu cerrah, zevk ve sefa ehli bir adamsa, vay hastan\u0131n haline. Demek herif k\u0131yamete kadar hastaya g\u00f6z yumdurmay\u0131p, \u00e7engi sefalar ile e\u011flenecek.<\/p>\n<p>Bizim \u00c7erkes hem\u015feriler menfaatlerini de pek severler. Her ne kadar\u00a0 d\u00fcnyada menfaatini sevmeyen adam olmazsa da bunlar\u0131nla hadden efzum olup bir acayip haldir. Mesela: kazan\u0131lan bir sava\u015f sonunda al\u0131nan mallardan bir \u00c7erkes&#8217;in hissesine bir at veya \u00f6k\u00fcz veyahut ta bir inek d\u00fc\u015fse, yani harbin neticesine kadar ordugahta\u00a0 bak\u0131lmas\u0131na\u00a0 imkan\u00a0 olmayan bir \u015fey; herif bunu al\u0131p evi yirmi g\u00fcnl\u00fck mesafede olsa g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp gelmelidir ama kendisi yokken ordu tekrar sava\u015fa girecekmi\u015f, millet \u00f6l\u00fcp \u00f6l\u00fcp dirilecekmi\u015f, onun umurunda bile de\u011fildir. Her kabile kendi Bey&#8217;inin y\u00fccelik ve \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne inan\u0131r, ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 dinlemez. Yaln\u0131z baz\u0131 kabile beyleri vard\u0131r ki, normal zamanlarda emirleri, di\u011fer kabilelerde de dinlenir ve y\u00fcr\u00fcr. Mesela, Kabardey kabilesinde Gazi H\u00fcseyin bey gibi. Bu H\u00fcseyin Bey denilen zat\u0131n dahi Ordu Komutan\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n emir ve talimat\u0131na uygun olarak hareket etmesinde ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler \u00e7ekildi&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Nitekim kullan\u0131lmad\u0131 ya.<\/p>\n<p>Musa Pa\u015fa kendi kabilesinde Bey veya (\u00f6zden) de\u011filmi\u015f. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015ftan Rus askeri okul ve hizmetine girerek ard\u0131 ard\u0131nca terfi edip generalli\u011fe kadar y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. 1860 tarihinde \u00e7e\u015fitli Kafkas kabilelerinden be\u015f-bin aile ile birlikte Osmanl\u0131 memleketlerine g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f. Devlet-i Aliye&#8217;de generalli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k mirliva olarak kabul ve taltif etmi\u015f tabiat\u0131 ile \u00c7erkeslerin istedi\u011fi beylik ve \u00f6zdenlik r\u00fctbelerinin verilmesi bu y\u00fczdendir ki Musa Pa\u015fa da \u00c7erkeslere kumanda ve idareden aciz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bir harbin sonunda komutan\u0131n \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131na giriyorlar, kimisi at\u0131m \u00f6ld\u00fc k\u0131ymeti 50 lirad\u0131r, hemen \u00f6denmeli, kimisi tabancam\u0131 kaybettim de\u011feri \u015fudur, kimisi at\u0131m\u0131n nal\u0131 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc onu isterim der ve istedi\u011fi \u015feyde mutlaka almak i\u00e7in direnir durur. Yumu\u015fakl\u0131ktan anlamaz, &#8221;yoktur&#8221; s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc dinlemez bu b\u00f6yle olmakla beraber &#8221;yi\u011fidi \u00f6ld\u00fcr hakk\u0131n\u0131 yeme&#8221; derler&#8217;. Do\u011frusu bunlar\u0131nda sava\u015ftaki cesaret ve kahramanl\u0131klar\u0131na diyecek yoktur. Aferin dememek elden gelmez.<\/p>\n<p>Daha do\u011frusu Musa Pa\u015fa da bunlar\u0131n kumandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapmaktan vazge\u00e7ip istifa etti. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015f tahamm\u00fcl derecesini a\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Musa Pa\u015fa&#8217;dan bo\u015falan yere, s\u00fcvari mirlivalar\u0131ndan Ethem Pa\u015fa tayin edildi. O da \u00fcstesinden gelemedi bu i\u015fin. G\u00fcya alay, alay, b\u00f6l\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fck taksim olunarak her b\u00f6l\u00fc\u011fe muvazzaf s\u00fcvariden birer y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 verildi ve kendi beyleri de yerine g\u00f6re binba\u015f\u0131 ve y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 olarak ba\u015flar\u0131na konuldu. Askeri talim ve terbiyeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden muvazzaf y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131, itaat ve disiplinlerinden kendi beyleri mesul olacakt\u0131. Buda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131. S\u00f6z\u00fcn k\u0131sas\u0131 \u00c7erkesler a\u011f\u0131z tad\u0131 ile orduda kullan\u0131lamad\u0131lar. Taltif edildiler olmad\u0131, y\u00fczlerine g\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u00fc hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131. \u00c7abucak aldan\u0131p, \u00e7abucak g\u00fcvenen acayip bir millettir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, \u00e7abalar aman Allah&#8217;a \u015f\u00fck\u00fcrler olsun biraz yoluna koyup tanzim edebildik dersiniz; tam o s\u0131rada bir m\u00fcfsit (ara bozan, provokat\u00f6r -CC) \u00e7\u0131kar, onun ifsad\u0131na (karga\u015fas\u0131na, d\u00fczensizli\u011fine -CC) uyar ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bozar ve bozulurlar. Beylerinde dahi i\u015flerin beyaz\u0131n\u0131 siyah\u0131ndan ay\u0131rt edebilecek ne fikri bir metanet, ne de bir temyiz\u00a0 (ay\u0131rma, ay\u0131rt etme -CC) kudreti vard\u0131r. Neticede bir k\u0131sas meselesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bir m\u00fcfsidin ifsad\u0131 \u00fczerine hepsi dar\u0131l\u0131p da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131lar ve gittiler. Her ne hal ise Allah&#8217;\u0131n yaratt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7erkeslerin bask\u0131na u\u011fray\u0131p, bozularak d\u00f6nd\u00fckleri g\u00fcn\u00fcn gecesinde dahi birer iki\u015fer yaral\u0131lar\u0131 gelmekteydi. Gecenin saat on birinde \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n biraz ilerisinde bir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc bir kavga i\u015fittim; \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131mda yaral\u0131 bir \u00c7erkes, yan\u0131nda bir ba\u015fkas\u0131, n\u00f6bet\u00e7i erine, &#8221;bu gece kalmak i\u00e7in bize mutlaka bir yer bul) diye \u0131srar ediyorlar. N\u00f6bet\u00e7i de: &#8221;Ben n\u00f6bet\u00e7iyim yerimden k\u0131p\u0131rdayamam, subaya gidin&#8221; diyor. \u00c7erkesler buna ra\u011fmen n\u00f6bet\u00e7iye yer bulmakta direniyor. Sava\u015flar\u0131n daha ba\u015f\u0131nda ve al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar taraf\u0131ndan yaralanm\u0131\u015f bir adam\u0131n gece yar\u0131s\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmesine vicdan\u0131m raz\u0131 olmad\u0131. Adamca\u011f\u0131z\u0131 kendi \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131ma ald\u0131m. Gecenin o saatinde doktor falan bulunamayaca\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ay-may tedarik ederek i\u00e7irebildim&#8230; Saat gecenin biri, ben de yatt\u0131m sabahleyin kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131mda bakt\u0131m ki bizim yaral\u0131 k\u0131m\u0131ldam\u0131yor, yoklad\u0131m&#8230; Me\u011fer \u015fehit olup Allah&#8217;\u0131n rahmetine ermi\u015f.<\/p>\n<p>Vakit sabah\u0131n alaca karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ad\u0131rlar s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcyor, f\u0131rkam\u0131z g\u00f6\u00e7 haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda. Ben de bu \u015fehidin g\u00f6m\u00fclmesi i\u015fi ile me\u015fgul\u00fcm. Bunu yazmaktan murad\u0131m hay\u0131rl\u0131 bir i\u015f g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc anlatmak i\u00e7in de\u011fil. \u015eehidimiz bir ki\u015fi olup ben de o zamana kadar b\u00f6yle bir hadise ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan i\u00e7ime \u00e7\u00f6ken garip bir h\u00fczn\u00fc ve deh\u015feti ifade i\u00e7indir. Sonralar\u0131 bir, be\u015f de\u011fil be\u015f y\u00fcz, bin \u015fehit birden d\u00f6k\u00fclmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca g\u00f6z al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, bende \u015fehit ve yaral\u0131lar\u0131n eski tesiri kalmad\u0131. Yani araya giren engeller kur\u015fun sesi ve kandan onlar\u0131n g\u00f6m\u00fclme i\u015flerine hizmet edemez, yaral\u0131lara \u015fefkat dolu g\u00f6zlerle bak\u0131p ko\u015famaz oldum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T. O&#351;&#305;kh Yam&ccedil;&#305; Dergisi, May&#305;s 1977-&#350;ubat 1978, s. 407 Sonralar&#305;, orduda bulunanlar&#305; ile temaslar&#305;mdan &Ccedil;erkeslerin bir hayli durumlar&#305;na vak&#305;f oldum. Kabile filan gibi &#305;rk&#305; adet ve g&ouml;reneklerinin bask&#305;s&#305;ndan kurtar&#305;l&#305;p, tam askeri bir s&uuml;vari birli&#287;i gibi tesis ve te&#351;kil edilip disiplin alt&#305;na al&#305;nmad&#305;k&ccedil;a, bunlardan gerekti&#287;i &ouml;l&ccedil;&uuml;de bir fayda sa&#287;lanamayaca&#287;&#305;na h&uuml;kmettim. Bunlar&#305;n harpte tuhaf, tuhaf adetleri vard&#305;r. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kultur-ana-sayfa","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13140"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13142,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13140\/revisions\/13142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}