{"id":13179,"date":"2019-04-01T17:35:37","date_gmt":"2019-04-01T22:35:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=13179"},"modified":"2019-04-01T17:35:37","modified_gmt":"2019-04-01T22:35:37","slug":"sovenizm-sosyal-sovenlik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/sovenizm-sosyal-sovenlik\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015eOVEN\u0130ZM-SOSYAL \u015eOVENL\u0130K"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

KHAMKO Cemil Polat<\/span><\/strong>
\nYam\u00e7\u0131 Dergisi, May\u0131s 1977-\u015eubat 1978,<\/span> s. 27<\/p>\n

\u015eovenizm genel anlamda mutaass\u0131p (ba\u011fnaz) ulus\u00e7uluktur. \u015eovenlik toplumculuk dilinde d\u00fcnya toplumculu\u011fu amac\u0131n\u0131 kendi ulusunun \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 u\u011fruna harcamak anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dclkeler vard\u0131r demokratik, \u00fclkeler vard\u0131r insan haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131l\u0131, yine \u00fclkeler vard\u0131r y\u00f6neticileri diktat\u00f6r, halklar\u0131 mazlum…\u00a0 T\u00fcm insanlarca \u00f6zlemi duyulan y\u00f6netim \u015fekli halklar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fik uluslardan da olsalar demokratik bir y\u00f6netim d\u00fczeyinde bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde bir arada ya\u015fayabilme \u015fartlar\u0131na kavu\u015fturulabilerek ”halklar\u0131n karde\u015fli\u011fini” her f\u0131rsatta vurgulamak ki\u015fiye hak etti\u011fi de\u011feri vermek. \u0130nsanla meta aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rebilmek.<\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcr \u00fclkelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir \u00e7ok \u00f6rnek vermek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun bunlara kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan demokratik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sahibi ki\u015filerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 engeller mutlaka birden fazlad\u0131r. Biz konumuz gere\u011fi bunlardan yaln\u0131z birine \u00f6z olarak de\u011finiyoruz: \u015eovenizm.<\/p>\n

Bu anlamda sosyal \u015foven, oport\u00fcnist deyimleri ile e\u015fanlaml\u0131d\u0131r. (Orhan Hen\u00e7erlio\u011flu. Felsefe S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc S. 361.)<\/p>\n

\u015eovenizmin temel dayana\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7eli\u015fkileridir. Sosyal \u015fovenler halk y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f ve sava\u015f konusunda devrimci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u015eovenlerin milli mesele konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri burjuvazininkinden hi\u00e7 de farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermeyen bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmdedir.<\/p>\n

Sosyal \u015fovenler kitleleri bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutabilmek i\u00e7in (korkunun) en ge\u00e7erli bir silah oldu\u011funu iyi bilirler. Kitlelerin kendilerine g\u00fcven duymalar\u0131 ve ezilen halklar\u0131n birle\u015fmesi ile halklar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu da hakim ulus \u015fovenizmini \u00e7at\u0131rdatmaktad\u0131r. Lenin’in belirtti\u011fi gibi \u015fovenizmin maddi temeli ”asalakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f” kapitalizmdir. \u015eovenist bir i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi uluslar\u0131n kendi kaderini tayin konusunda ilerleme yapamayaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Biz emperyalizme yani kapitalizme kar\u015f\u0131 devrimci bir m\u00fccadeleden yanay\u0131z. Emperyalizm ba\u015fka milletleri ezen milletlerin bu bask\u0131y\u0131 yayma, art\u0131rma ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeleri aralar\u0131nda yeniden pay etme \u00e7abas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu y\u00fczdendir ki, bug\u00fcn milletlerin kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131 sorunu hakim milletlerin sosyalistlerinin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Hakim milletlerin herhangi birinde (\u0130ngiltere, Almanya, Fransa, Japonya ve Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nden herhangi bir sosyalist e\u011fer ezilen milletlerin kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131n\u0131 (ayr\u0131lma hakk\u0131) tan\u0131m\u0131yor, o u\u011furda sava\u015fm\u0131yorsa ger\u00e7ekte o bir sosyalist de\u011fildir. Bir \u015fovendir. (1)<\/p>\n

Yine sosyal \u015fovenlerin bir ba\u015fka \u00f6zelli\u011fi olarak; onlar halklar\u0131n kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 zaman da ba\u015fka uluslar\u0131 \u00f6rnekleyip, onlar i\u00e7in ezilen halklar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc-ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunduklar\u0131 halde kendi \u00fclkelerinde milliyetlerin, s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kendi burjuvalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ezildi\u011fim, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rmezler. ”Alman \u015fovenlerinin bu sahtekarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6k\u00fc sava\u015fta d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 olan \u0130ngiltere’nin ezdi\u011fi halklar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na duyduklar\u0131 yak\u0131n ilgiyi ba\u011f\u0131ra \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ra dile getirdi\u011fi halde kendi milletlerinin ezdi\u011fi halklar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda alabildi\u011fine k\u0131zar\u0131p bozararak sessiz kalmalar\u0131d\u0131r.” (2)<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka nokta daha var; milli meselenin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn devrim sonras\u0131na ertelenmesi tezi! Devrim hareketine yarar getirmeyece\u011fi hatta i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve birtak\u0131m m\u00fcttefiklerini \u00fcrk\u00fctece\u011fi v.s. Oysa i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya emek\u00e7i kitleleri devrimci bir d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc i\u00e7inde birle\u015fip donat\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a, burjuva \u015fartlanmalardan kurtulmad\u0131k\u00e7a, proletaryan\u0131n m\u00fccadelesi do\u011frultusunda y\u00fcr\u00fcyemezler. Burjuvazi onlar\u0131 her an kendi diledi\u011fi y\u00f6nde s\u00fcr\u00fckleyebilir. \u0130\u015fte bunun i\u00e7indir ki, milli mesele tehir edilmeye tahamm\u00fcl\u00fc olmayan bir taleptir. ”Hatta bu istek mutlak bir istektir. Sosyalizm kurulmadan \u00f6nce de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme ihtimali olan (binde bir de olsa) bir istektir.” (3) Bug\u00fcn sosyalist olmayan fakat ger\u00e7ek demokrasinin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlendi\u011fim \u00f6rneklemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fovenizmin mezar\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc uygarl\u0131k d\u00fczeyine var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak \u015fovenizm \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda t\u00fcm\u00fcyle yenilgiye u\u011fram\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir. Emperyalizm, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik ve milli bask\u0131 var olduk\u00e7a sosyal \u015fovenizm de var olacakt\u0131r ve d\u00fcn oldu\u011fu gibi bug\u00fcn de ciddi bir kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele verilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Vurgulanmas\u0131 gereken bir ba\u015fka nokta; ezilen ulus dar g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc! Sosyal \u015fovenizm genellikle hakim s\u0131n\u0131f taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131lan ve uygulanan bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Bunun y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyu getirdi\u011fi bask\u0131 ve zul\u00fcm sonunda ezilen ulusun birli\u011fine zarar veren sekter e\u011filimlerin sonunda dar g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc milliyet\u00e7ilik ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eziklik, yap\u0131lan bask\u0131 ve zul\u00fcm hakim ulusa kar\u015f\u0131 nefret ve kin yaratm\u0131\u015f; neticede ezen ulusla halk tabakalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrt\u00fc\u015fme do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Bunun ortadan kalkmas\u0131, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc birli\u011fin do\u011fmas\u0131 ileriyi g\u00f6rebilen ayd\u0131nlara y\u00fcklenmi\u015f bir g\u00f6revdir.<\/p>\n

”Hakim milletlerin sosyal demokratlar\u0131 o hak u\u011frunda, onun i\u00e7in i\u00e7tenlikle m\u00fccadele vererek ezilen milletlerin ayr\u0131lma hakk\u0131na sahip olmalar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 istemelidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc aksi takdirde milletlerin e\u015fit haklar\u0131n\u0131n ve milletler aras\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 bo\u015funa lafazanl\u0131ktan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey olmaz ve iki y\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn daniskas\u0131 olur. \u00d6b\u00fcr yandan ezilen milletlerin sosyal demokratlar\u0131 da b\u00fct\u00fcn milletlerin i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin hakim millet i\u015f\u00e7ileri ile birle\u015fip kayna\u015fmalar\u0131na en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nemi vermelidirler: Yoksa bu sosyal demokratlar ister istemez her zaman halk\u0131n ve demokrasinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na ihanet eden ve her zaman ilhak edip ba\u015fka milletleri ezmeye haz\u0131r olan kendi milli burjuvazilerinin m\u00fcttefikleri olacaklard\u0131r.” (4)<\/p>\n

\u00c7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n her ulus burjuvazisinin kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 u\u011fruna ulusal k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalarda bulunmas\u0131 do\u011fald\u0131r. Halk tabakalar\u0131n\u0131n devrimci gelene\u011finin bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme d\u00fczeyinin zay\u0131f oldu\u011fu geri kalm\u0131\u015f kapitalist bir \u00fclkede burjuvazi fakir halk tabakalar\u0131n\u0131 kendi s\u00f6ven bayra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplama \u00e7abas\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde a\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6rneklerini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz \u015fekliyle \u015fovenizm sergilenmektedir. Bir yanda ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerde ya\u015fayan soyda\u015flar\u0131 \u00fczerinde uygulanan bask\u0131lar\u0131 bayrak ederken; kendileri milli bask\u0131y\u0131 katliama kadar vard\u0131rmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

1) <\/strong> Do\u011fuda Ulusal Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015flar\u0131 S. 131.
\n2)<\/strong> A.g.e. S. 166.
\n3)<\/strong> \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Yolu Say\u0131 : 6.
\n4)<\/strong> Do\u011fuda Ulusal Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015flar\u0131 S. 153.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

KHAMKO Cemil Polat Yamçı Dergisi, Mayıs 1977-Şubat 1978, s. 27 Şovenizm genel anlamda mutaassıp (bağnaz) ulusçuluktur. Şovenlik toplumculuk dilinde dünya toplumculuğu amacını kendi ulusunun çıkarları uğruna harcamak anlamında kullanılır. Ülkeler vardır demokratik, ülkeler vardır insan haklarına saygılı, yine ülkeler vardır yöneticileri diktatör, halkları mazlum…  Tüm insanlarca özlemi duyulan yönetim şekli halkları değişik uluslardan da olsalar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arastirma-ana-sayfa","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13179","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13179"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13179\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13181,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13179\/revisions\/13181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}