![\"\"](\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Turkiyedeki-Azinlik-Sorunu-ve-Demokratiklesme-Onundeki-Engeller-a.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
M. \u0130kbal Tuna<\/strong><\/p>\n Ulus devletlerin kendi egemenlik tarifleri ve milliyet\u00e7ilik projeleri ile var olan jakoben kitle sayesinde \u00fclkemizde fa\u015fizan milliyet\u00e7ilik ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f temelleri \u00fczerinde meydana gelen T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde, Osmanl\u0131\u2019daki k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, etnik, dilsel ve dinsel \u00f6\u011feler g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmi\u015f ve devletin kurulu\u015funda \u201cT\u00fcrk\u201d unsuru belirleyici olmu\u015ftur. Milletin devleti yerine, devletin milleti kavram\u0131 benimsenmi\u015ftir. Devlet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc, milletin iradesini yok edecek \u015fekilde siyasetin merkezine yerle\u015ftiren \u0130ttihat Terakki(\u0130T), g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar devam edecek olan siyasi k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131n\u0131 bizlere b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00f6yle bir mirast\u0131r ki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde var olan b\u00fct\u00fcn mevzuatlarda kendini hissettirmektedir.<\/p>\n 1982 Anayasa\u2019s\u0131nda m\u00fckerreren bahsedilen \u201cvatan\u0131n ve milletin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d, \u201cmilli k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u201d ibareleri ile Anayasa, T\u00fcrk\u2019ten ba\u015fka kimseyi tan\u0131mayarak az\u0131nl\u0131k kavram\u0131na dahi yer vermeyerek \u0130T\u2019in miras\u0131n\u0131 koruma alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasan\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde, s\u00fcrekli olarak \u201cT\u00fcrk\u201d ve \u201cmilli\u201d kavramlar\u0131na vurgu yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ise T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131na sunulmu\u015f bir manifesto gibi g\u00f6z\u00fckmektedir. Milliyet\u00e7ilik bir noktaya kadar benimsenebilir tabi ki, ama T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki gibi, devlet egemenli\u011fin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tek bir millet olarak g\u00f6steriyor ve bu egemenli\u011fin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan milli birli\u011fi yok edecek olan olu\u015fumlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, egemen milli varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in hukuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak hareket etme yoluna giriyorsa bu milliyet\u00e7ilik de\u011fil, devletin vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kendi kafas\u0131na g\u00f6re in\u015fa etmesidir. Diyarbak\u0131r cezaevinde ya\u015fananlar bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Son g\u00fcnlerde K\u00fcrt sorununa dair demokratik-sivil a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m umutlar\u0131 olsa bile, \u00f6ncesinde dikkatimizi \u00e7ekmesi gereken \u015fey K\u00fcrtlerin az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak tan\u0131nmamas\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrk hukuku az\u0131nl\u0131k kavram\u0131n\u0131 Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, bu ayr\u0131m sadece M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan az\u0131nl\u0131klara(Ermeniler, Rumlar, Yahudiler) ili\u015fkindir. Ayr\u0131m din d\u00fczleminde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f, bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan dil, \u0131rk veya etnik unsurlar saf d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikli olarak bu konu \u00fczerinde durmam\u0131n sebebi ise \u00fclkemizde resmiyete d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn olmam\u0131z ve hantal devlet mekanizmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 her \u015feyin kanunlar \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fcmesidir. \u00dclkemizde var olan mevzuatlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131k kavram\u0131na yer vermemekle birlikte, belirli bir az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n(K\u00fcrtler) tan\u0131nmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yolu kapam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Madde 3-\u00a0<\/b>T\u00fcrkiye Devleti, \u00fclkesi ve milletiyle b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Dili T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’dir.<\/p>\n Madde 28-\u00a0<\/b>(\u2026) Devletin i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, \u00fclkesi ve milletiyle b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tehdit eden veya su\u00e7 i\u015flemeye ya da ayaklanma veya isyana te\u015fvik eder nitelikte olan (…) Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 (bas\u0131n h\u00fcrriyeti)<\/p>\n Siyasi Partiler Kanunu\u2019na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda;<\/p>\n Madde 81-\u00a0<\/b>Siyasi partiler: Madde 82-<\/b>\u00a0Siyasi partiler, b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olan \u00fclkede, b\u00f6lgecilik veya \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k amac\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcdemezler ve bu amaca y\u00f6nelik faaliyette bulunamazlar. Yukar\u0131daki maddelere ek olarak bir\u00e7ok madde daha eklenebilir. (Dernekler Kanunu, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu, vb.)<\/p>\n Bahsetti\u011fimiz kanun maddeleri dikkatlice incelendi\u011finde hem u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131 yani yoruma a\u00e7\u0131k olmalar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla, farkl\u0131 bir dine, dile veya etnisiteye mensup vatanda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7ok kolay vatan haini, ter\u00f6rist ilan edilebilmekte hem de T\u00fcrk\u2019ten ba\u015fka milletin tan\u0131mamas\u0131 itibariyle \u00fclkemizde var olan az\u0131nl\u0131k sorununu \u00e7ok iyi yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin demografik yap\u0131s\u0131 tek millet, devletin milleti anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile y\u00fczde y\u00fcz \u00e7eli\u015fmektedir. Bu y\u00fczden K\u00fcrt, Alevi, Ermeni vb a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nceli\u011fin kanunlarda ve bu kanunlar\u0131n BM ve A\u0130HS\u2019 deki az\u0131nl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131na dair maddelere g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n daha yararl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 kanaatindeyim. Devlet, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n mevcudiyetini korumaya kararl\u0131 olmal\u0131 ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131n istikrar, demokratik g\u00fcvence ve bu topraklardaki bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in gerekli oldu\u011funa inanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Devlet, \u00e7o\u011fulcu ve ger\u00e7ekten demokratik bir toplum i\u00e7in, himayesindeki her vatanda\u015f\u0131n etnik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, dilsel ve dinsel kimli\u011fine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermeli ve bununla yetinmeyerek bu kimli\u011fin geli\u015ftirilmesi, dile getirilmesi ve korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in elinden gelen her \u015feyi yapmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" M. İkbal Tuna Ulus devletlerin kendi egemenlik tarifleri ve milliyetçilik projeleri ile var olan jakoben kitle sayesinde ülkemizde faşizan milliyetçilik ortaya çıkmıştır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun parçalanmış temelleri üzerinde meydana gelen Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde, Osmanlı’daki kültürel, etnik, dilsel ve dinsel öğeler göz ardı edilmiş ve devletin kuruluşunda “Türk” unsuru belirleyici olmuştur. Milletin devleti yerine, devletin milleti kavramı benimsenmiştir. 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\nAnayasadan ba\u015flayacak olursak;<\/p>\n
\na)<\/b>\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti \u00fclkesi \u00fczerinde milli veya dini k\u00fclt\u00fcr veya mezhep veya \u0131rk veya dil farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayanan az\u0131nl\u0131klar bulundu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcremezler.
\nb)\u00a0<\/b>T\u00fcrk dilinden veya k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden ba\u015fka dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri korumak, geli\u015ftirmek veya yaymak yoluyla T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti \u00fclkesi \u00fczerinde az\u0131nl\u0131klar yaratarak millet b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131 amac\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcdemezler ve bu yolda faaliyette bulunamazlar<\/p>\n
\nTer\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu\u2019na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda;
\nTer\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Kanunu\u2019nun 1. maddesinde ter\u00f6r\u00fc tan\u0131mlarken belirtilen \u201cDevletin \u00fclkesi ve milletiyle b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bozmak\u201d ibaresi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n