{"id":18823,"date":"2021-03-24T17:23:03","date_gmt":"2021-03-24T22:23:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=18823"},"modified":"2021-03-24T17:25:58","modified_gmt":"2021-03-24T22:25:58","slug":"hep-beraber-guzel-eserler-ortaya-cikartalim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/hep-beraber-guzel-eserler-ortaya-cikartalim\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cHEP BERABER G\u00dcZEL ESERLER ORTAYA \u00c7IKARTALIM!\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u00d6n a\u00e7\u0131klama: Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc misafirim Murat Kasap. Uzun y\u0131llardan beri, kendisini tan\u0131yorum ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan da haberdar\u0131m. Murat Kasap, benim Ayd\u0131n dostlar\u0131mdan. Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f iki kitab\u0131 var. Bu kitaplar\u0131ndan biri, \u201cOsmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri\u201d. Bu kitab\u0131, 2010\u2019da, \u0130stanbul\u2019da yay\u0131mland\u0131. Kitap, 2012\u2019de yeniden yay\u0131mland\u0131. Kitab\u0131n\u0131n ilk bask\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, di\u011fer bask\u0131s\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcce. Kitap, G\u00fcrcistan Dostluk Derne\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mland\u0131. 480 sayfal\u0131k bu kitap ansiklopedi ebad\u0131nda. Murat Kasap\u2019\u0131n di\u011fer kitab\u0131, \u201c93 Harbi Batum Muhacirleri.\u201d Bu kitab\u0131n ilk bask\u0131s\u0131 2018\u2019de, \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu kitap da, G\u00fcrcistan Dostluk Derne\u011finin yay\u0131n\u0131. Kitap, 832 sayfa. Bu kitab\u0131 da ansiklopedi ebad\u0131nda. Murat Kasap, \u201cG\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015f Hayatlar\u0131n \u0130zleri\u201d adl\u0131 belgesel filmin metnini de yazd\u0131. Ayn\u0131 belgeselin dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. Bu belgesel film, 2014\u2019de \u00e7ekildi. 2012\u2019de\u00a0\u00a0\u201cOsmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fiv Kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcler\u201d\u00a0\u00a0adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n edit\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yapt\u0131. 2017\u2019de, \u201cG\u00fcrcistan\u2019da \u0130slam\u0131n D\u00fcn\u00fc, Bug\u00fcn\u00fc ve Yar\u0131n\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 sempozyum tebli\u011fleri; Murat Kasap ve Prof. Dr. Fahameddin Ba\u015far taraf\u0131ndan kitapla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0\u00a0Murat Kasap\u2019\u0131n, \u201cBatum, Muhacirlik ve G\u00fcrc\u00fc Biyografileri\u201d konulu makaleleri \u00e7e\u015fitli dergi ve gazetelerde yay\u0131mlan\u0131yor. Kendisi, b\u00f6ylesi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan bir Ayd\u0131n. E\u015fsiz ve faydal\u0131 eserlerin sahibi. Ben, Murat Kasap ile; hem bu iki kitab\u0131, hem bizimkilerin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015fmas\u0131, hem de bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumuna ili\u015fkin konu\u015ftum. Bu metin, s\u00f6yle\u015fimize ait. Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz)<\/p>\n

+<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz:<\/strong> Murat Bey;\u00a0\u00f6ncelikle sizi tan\u0131yal\u0131m! Nerelisiniz? Nerede do\u011fdunuz? Hangi okullarda okudunuz? Mesle\u011finiz nedir? Evli misiniz? \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131z var m\u0131? Hangi lisanlar\u0131 biliyorsunuz? \u00d6nce bize biyografinizden bahsedin, l\u00fctfen!<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> Beni k\u00f6\u015fenizde a\u011f\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00f6nce te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerimi sunuyorum. Ordu\u2019nun G\u00f6lk\u00f6y \u0130l\u00e7esinde do\u011fdum. \u0130lkokulu k\u00f6y\u00fcmde, orta ve lise e\u011fitimini G\u00f6lk\u00f6y\u2019de tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi, Tarih B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden mezun oldum. Daha sonra. \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nde Tarih \u00d6\u011fretmenli\u011fi Y\u00fcksek Lisans Progam\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131m. \u00d6\u011fretmenlik mesle\u011fini sadece bir sene \u00f6zel bir kurumda icra ettim, daha sonras\u0131nda devam etmedim. Evliyim. \u0130ki \u00e7ocu\u011fum var. G\u00fcrc\u00fcce okuma yazmaya vak\u0131f\u0131m, orta derecede konu\u015fuyorum. Biraz Arap\u00e7a biliyorum.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz:<\/strong> Murat Bey;\u00a0Biliyorum, siz (1877-1878 Halbi)\u00a0\u00a093 Harbi muhacirisiniz.\u00a0\u00a0Batum\u2019dan muhacir gelmi\u015f ailenin \u00e7ocu\u011fusunuz. B\u00f6yle biliyorum. Siz ka\u00e7\u0131nc\u0131 nesilden muhacirsiniz? K\u00f6ken olarak,\u00a0\u00a0Batum\u2019un hangi\u00a0\u00a0k\u00f6y\u00fcndensiniz? Oradaki k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn ad\u0131 nedir? Buradaki k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn ad\u0131 nedir? Batum\u2019da akrabalar\u0131n\u0131z var m\u0131? Batum\u2019dan hangi eski soyad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yorsunuz?<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> Benim ailemde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki bir\u00e7ok aile gibi muhacir bir aile. 1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan (93 Harbi) sonra Batum\u2019dan g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015fiz. Asl\u0131nda Batum genel bir tan\u0131mlama, Batum ile birlikte g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Artvin ilinin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 da Rusya\u2019ya b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ailemin g\u00f6\u00e7 etti\u011fi k\u00f6y g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Artvin\u2019in \u015eav\u015fat \u0130l\u00e7esi\u2019nin \u00c7a\u011flayan k\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00c7a\u011flayan k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn eski ismi Hevtzviril. Bu k\u00f6yde akrabalar\u0131m var. 1921 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra Hevtzviril k\u00f6y\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kald\u0131. Bununla birlikte Batum\u2019un Keda il\u00e7esinin Ortsva k\u00f6y\u00fcnde de akrabalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n oldu\u011funu biliyorum. Aile aras\u0131nda bize Kasaxa deniliyor. Soy ismimiz Kasap, bunun Kasaxa ile ilintili oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.\u00a0\u00a0Ailemiz g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kasapo\u011flu l\u00e2kab\u0131yla daha \u00e7ok an\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu arada belirtmeliyim ki baba taraf\u0131mdan ailem G\u00fcrc\u00fc muhaciri.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz:<\/strong> Murat Bey; \u015eimdi de ilk kitab\u0131n\u0131zdan konu\u015fal\u0131m. \u0130lk kitab\u0131n\u0131z;\u00a0\u00a0\u201cOsmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri\u201d. Di\u011fer eseriniz gibi, bu eseriniz de \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Bu eserinizle, yaln\u0131zca Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fclerinden de\u011fil, T\u00fcrkiyenin eski Tarihinden de bize bilgiler veriyorsunuz. Yine bu eserinizle, hem T\u00fcrk ve G\u00fcrc\u00fclerin, hem de T\u00fcrkiye ve G\u00fcrcistan dostluk ve karde\u015fli\u011fine destek veriyorsunuz. \u015eimdiye kadar, bu kapsamda bir kitap T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yay\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131; \u00f6yle biliyorum. Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ne zaman ba\u015flad\u0131n\u0131z? Kitab\u0131 ne zaman yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131n\u0131z?<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019nin Ramazan Ay\u0131 etkinlikleri b\u00fcnyesinde Feshane\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi Uluslararas\u0131 tan\u0131t\u0131m etkinliklerinde haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir sergi ile ba\u015flad\u0131. Burada Osmanl\u0131 Devletinde g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f G\u00fcrc\u00fc as\u0131ll\u0131 50 ki\u015finin biyografilerinden bir resim sergisi haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Daha sonra bunu kitaba \u00e7evirdik ve kitapta 1200 ki\u015finin biyografisine yer verdik. Daha \u00f6nce Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemindeki G\u00fcrc\u00fcler \u00fczerine biyografik bir kitap haz\u0131rlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131 bu anlamda bir ilk. Ben biyografiler \u00fczerine 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivlerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. Ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131k\u00e7a bir\u00e7ok belge ve d\u00f6k\u00fcmana ula\u015ft\u0131m. Kitapta 18 sadrazam olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok \u00fcst d\u00fczey devlet adam\u0131, ulema ve yazarlar, sivil, askeri memurlar, padi\u015fah annelerinin ya\u015famlar\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu eser, tarih\u00ee T\u00fcrk-G\u00fcrc\u00fc dostlu\u011funun bir \u00f6rne\u011fi asl\u0131nda. 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlad\u0131k ve Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131m\u0131z y\u00f6netim kurulu \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fum G\u00fcrcistan Dostluk Derne\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz:<\/strong> Murat Bey; \u015fimdi de, \u201cOsmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri\u201d\u00a0\u00a0adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131zdan bahsedelim! Bu kitab\u0131n\u0131z, bize e\u015fsiz bilgiler veriyor. Bu e\u015fsiz ve \u00e7ok faydal\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131zdan haberdar\u0131m. Ancak, siz de s\u00f6yleyin de okuyanlar da okuyup \u00f6\u011frensinler! L\u00fctfen, okuyanlar sizin a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131zdan da duysun! Siz, bu kitab\u0131 yaln\u0131zca Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivleri belgeleriyle yazd\u0131n\u0131z, \u00f6yle mi? Kitab\u0131n ka\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc var? Her b\u00f6l\u00fcm, okuyuculara hangi bilgileri veriyor.<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131n\u0131n ana kayna\u011f\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivi ve \u0130stanbul M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015eeriyye Siciller ar\u015fividir. Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemi kroniklerinden ve tarih kitaplar\u0131ndan faydalan\u0131ld\u0131. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn mertebe birinci kaynaklar esas al\u0131narak yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Kitab\u0131m\u0131z giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131yla birlikte 6 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fuyor. Giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda genel bir G\u00fcrc\u00fc tarihi, G\u00fcrc\u00fcler ve \u0130sl\u00e2miyet, Osmanl\u0131 Kaynaklar\u0131nda G\u00fcrc\u00fcler ve \u0130sl\u00e2miyet ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile 3 b\u00f6l\u00fcm var. Giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fc tarihinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra G\u00fcrc\u00fclerin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olu\u015f s\u00fcreci, \u0130sl\u00e2m D\u00fcnyas\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fclerin yeri, Osmanl\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri de\u011ferlendirmesi, kaynaklarda G\u00fcrcistan ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcler \u00fczerine ge\u00e7en tarih\u00ee, co\u011fraf\u00ee, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bilgiler var. Bu k\u0131s\u0131mda \u00f6zellikle Osmanl\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde Anadolu \u0130sl\u00e2m k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde G\u00fcrc\u00fclerin rolleri ve katk\u0131lar\u0131 da anlat\u0131l\u0131yor. G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n Ah\u0131ska, Batum ve Tiflis \u015fehirlerinde bulunan \u0130sl\u00e2m eserlerinde de bahsediliyor.<\/p>\n

Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde sadrazam, bakan, yeni\u00e7eri a\u011fas\u0131, kaptan-\u0131 derya, vali, ordu komutan\u0131 ve mebusluk gibi g\u00f6revlerde bulunmu\u015f \u00fcst d\u00fczey G\u00fcrc\u00fclerin biyografileri var. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemi G\u00fcrc\u00fc ulemas\u0131n\u0131n hayat hik\u00e2yelerini yazd\u0131k. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmde sanat ve edebiyat alan\u0131nda \u00fcn yapm\u0131\u015f G\u00fcrc\u00fc \u015fahsiyetlerden bahsettik. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmde asker\u00ee, sivil memurlar ve de\u011fi\u015fik alanlarda g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f G\u00fcrc\u00fcler yer al\u0131yor. Son b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ise, G\u00fcrc\u00fc k\u00f6kenli padi\u015fah ve \u015fehzade anneleri ile e\u015flerinin biyografilerini yazd\u0131k. Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131 sadece biyografiler i\u00e7ermiyor, bu \u015fahsiyetlerin yapt\u0131klar\u0131 cami, okul, medrese, k\u00f6pr\u00fc, hastane, \u00e7e\u015fme gibi hay\u0131r eserleri ile edebiyat alan\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 eserlerden de geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde bahsediyor. Bu eseri haz\u0131rlamaktaki amac\u0131m\u0131z, G\u00fcrc\u00fclerin ya\u015fam ve yap\u0131tlar\u0131yla Osmanl\u0131 Medeniyetine katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131, ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 ve vatanseverlikleri ile g\u00fczel \u00f6rnekler ortaya koymak ve bu zamana kadar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olan G\u00fcrc\u00fc tarihinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc bizden sonraki nesillere aktarmakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu eser ile bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi dedelerinin biyografilerine geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde ula\u015fma imk\u00e2n\u0131n sahip olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

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\u201cOsmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131n\u0131n ana kayna\u011f\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivi ve \u0130stanbul M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015eeriyye Siciller ar\u015fividir.\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz:<\/strong> Murat Bey; \u015fimdi de di\u011fer kitab\u0131n\u0131za gelelim. Di\u011fer kitab\u0131n\u0131zdan bahsedelim, l\u00fctfen, bize di\u011fer kitab\u0131n\u0131zdan bahsedin! Bu eseriniz de, di\u011fer eseriniz gibi, e\u015fsiz ve \u00e7ok faydal\u0131. Bu kitap i\u00e7in, Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivlerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ne zaman ba\u015flad\u0131n\u0131z? Bu kitab\u0131 yazmaya ne zaman ba\u015flad\u0131n\u0131z? Bu kitap, yaln\u0131zca Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fiv belgeleriyle mi yaz\u0131ld\u0131? Kitab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri var. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmler, hangi konu ve ki\u015filere ili\u015fkin bilgileri bize veriyor?<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> 93 Harbi Batum Muhacirleri kitab\u0131n\u0131n uzun bir hik\u00e2yesi var. Asl\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlarken bir yandan da muhacirlik \u00fczerine ar\u015fivlerde yer alan belgeleri de inceliyor baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da imk\u00e2n dahilinde al\u0131yordum. Ancak bir m\u00fcddet muhacirlik \u00fczerine ara verdim. Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131ndan sonra Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fiv Kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcler kitab\u0131n\u0131n edit\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yapt\u0131m. Bu kitapta Yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 T\u00fcrkler ve Akraba Topluluklar\u0131 Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sponsorlu\u011fu ile 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda bas\u0131ld\u0131. 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir g\u00f6\u00e7 belgeseli haz\u0131rlama karar\u0131 ald\u0131k ve 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri G\u00f6\u00e7 Belgeseli ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile 13 b\u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fck bir belgesel haz\u0131rlad\u0131k. Bu belgeselimiz 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda Eski\u015fehir T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131 K\u00fclt\u00fcr Ba\u015fkenti Ajans\u0131 b\u00fcnyesinde 21 May\u0131s 2104 y\u0131l\u0131nda Eski\u015fehir\u2019de g\u00f6sterildi. 2013 ve 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda belgesel dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile gezmi\u015f oldu\u011fum illerden ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6\u00e7 \u00fczerine dok\u00fcman toplamaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda belgeselin g\u00f6steriminden sonra da yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivi\u2019nde Batum Muhacirleri \u00fczerine belgeleri incelemeye ve toplamaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. F\u0131rsat bulduk\u00e7a yine k\u00f6ylere gidip bilgi edinmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Kitab\u0131n yaz\u0131m s\u00fcresi 4 y\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fc ve 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Telif Haklar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc deste\u011fi ile \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fiv Kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda 93 Harbi Batum Muhacirleri\u201d kitab\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rmaya muvaffak olduk. Bu kitab\u0131n ana kayna\u011f\u0131 da Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivi\u2019dir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Vak\u0131flar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ar\u015fivi, \u0130stanbul M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015eeriyye Siciller Ar\u015fivi, Cumhuriyet Ar\u015fivi, Atat\u00fcrk Kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ar\u015fivi, Nadir Eserler K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi Ar\u015fivi\u2019nde yer alan muhacirlik \u00fczerine belgelerden de faydaland\u0131m. Konuyla ilgili S\u00fcleymaniye K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, Beyaz\u0131t Devlet K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, \u0130SAM ve Bilim Sanat Vakf\u0131 K\u00fct\u00fcphanelerinde de ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapt\u0131m. G\u00f6\u00e7 \u00fczerine yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcncel kitaplar ve makalelerden faydaland\u0131m. Ar\u015fiv belgeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda az da olsa s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarihe de yer verdim. Ancak kesinlikle geni\u015f bir s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarih ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini de buradan \u00f6zellikle de belirtmeliyim. 93 Harbi Batum Muhacirleri Kitab\u0131 giri\u015f d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 10 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fuyor. Giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda kitab\u0131n genel amac\u0131 ve yaz\u0131m \u015feklinden bahsettim. Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm Batum ve Havalisinin genel tarihi, Batum ve Havalisinde \u0130sl\u00e2m k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ait \u00f6\u011feler ve b\u00f6lgede yer alan k\u00f6y adlar\u0131 ile ar\u015fivlere yans\u0131yan s\u00fcl\u00e2le adlar\u0131ndan bahsetmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm, 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda Batum Cephesi ve Batum Havalisinde ya\u015fayan yerli ahaliden olu\u015fturulan askeri kuvvetlerden bahsediyor. 93 Harbi Batum Cephesi, Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Kuvvetler Ordusu, Sava\u015f\u0131n Ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve Biti\u015fi, Batum Ahalisinin Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131na Tepkileri, Osmanl\u0131 Ordusunun \u00c7ekili\u015fi ve Ruslar\u0131n Batuma Giri\u015fi, 93 Harbi G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn Sebepleri ve G\u00f6\u00e7, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda Ya\u015fanan \u0130kinci B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6\u00e7 bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yaz\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc B\u00f6l\u00fcmde Do\u011fu ve Orta Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesine yap\u0131lan g\u00f6\u00e7ler, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Bat\u0131 Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesine yap\u0131lan g\u00f6\u00e7ler ve muhacir yerle\u015fimleri yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Be\u015finci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Marmara, alt\u0131nc\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Ege, yedinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu, sekizinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu, dokuzuncu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesine g\u00f6\u00e7leri yazd\u0131k. Muhacirlere ait listeler, muhacir dilek\u00e7eleri, kurulan k\u00f6yler, hane ve n\u00fcfus bilgileri, yerle\u015fim haritalar\u0131, devletin yard\u0131mlar\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcmler, do\u011fumlar, mezar ta\u015flar\u0131, evlilik akitleri, cami ve okul planlar\u0131, foto\u011fraflar gibi bir\u00e7ok bilgiye bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerden ula\u015fabiliyoruz. Kitab\u0131n son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6\u00e7e ve isk\u00e2na dair genel bir de\u011ferlendirilme yap\u0131ld\u0131. Kitab\u0131n ana nizanpaj\u0131n\u0131n bitiminden sonra ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Do\u011fu Karadenize yerle\u015fen muhacirlerin isimlerinin oldu\u011fu ayr\u0131 bir liste kitab\u0131n sonuna ek olarak konuldu. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z da alan\u0131nda bir ilk asl\u0131nda. Batum Muhacirleri \u00fczerine genel bir eser \u015fu ana kadar haz\u0131rlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Batum Muhacirleri \u00fczerine birka\u00e7 makale vard\u0131 sadece. Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00f6y baz\u0131nda birka\u00e7 eser vard\u0131. Bu eserlerin \u00e7o\u011fu da ar\u015fiv belgelerine dayanm\u0131yordu. Bu kitab\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Harbi\u2019nin ve g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131n 140. Y\u0131l\u0131 an\u0131s\u0131na haz\u0131rlad\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong>: Kitab\u0131n\u0131z, Batum muhacirlerine ili\u015fkin bilgiler veriyor; evet. Ancak, biz Batum denince, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Batum\u00a0\u00a0anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00d6yle de biliniyor. Ad olarak, Batum Batum, ancak; o zamanki Batum ile \u015eimdiki Batum bir mi? Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Batum\u2019dan haberdar\u0131z; G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerinden biri. O zamanki Batum, \u015fimdiki T\u00fcrkiye ve G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n hangi b\u00f6lgelerini kaps\u0131yordu?<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> Kitapta kullan\u0131lan Batum ifadesi asl\u0131nda sadece bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Batum \u015fehrini kapsam\u0131yor. Bu genel bir ifade olup, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fcksu\/ Kobuleti, Acara (Keda ve Hulo \u0130l\u00e7eleri) ile T\u00fcrkiyemizin Artvin, Hopa, Murgul, \u015eav\u015fat, Maradit, Bor\u00e7ka, \u00c7hala, \u0130merhev, G\u00f6nye, Ardanu\u00e7, Yusufeli\u2019nin b\u0131r k\u0131sm\u0131 tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te Batum ve havalisi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmakta. 93 Harbinin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llarda Batum \u015eehri Lazistan Sanca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n merkezi, yani bug\u00fcnk\u00fc anlam\u0131yla vil\u00e2yet merkezi. Yukar\u0131da sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m yerlerden sadece \u015eav\u015fat ve Ardanu\u00e7 o tarihte \u00c7\u0131ld\u0131r Sanca\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131. Ar\u015fiv belgelerinde yukar\u0131da belirtti\u011fim kaza ve nahiyelerden g\u00f6\u00e7 edenler Batum Muhacirleri olarak kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. Muhacirler de dilek\u00e7elerinde kendilerini Batum Muhaciri olarak ifade etmi\u015fler. Bundan dolay\u0131 kitab\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 93 Harbi Batum Muhacirleri olarak koymay\u0131 uygun g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Saha \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda Muhacirler kendilerini hep Batum\u2019dan geldik diye beyan ettiler. Kitab\u0131n ad\u0131nda bu ger\u00e7ekte etkili oldu. Ama belgelerin i\u00e7eriklerinde ge\u00e7en kaza ve nahiyeleri de belirttik. Bundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r ki Batum Muhacirleri dedi\u011fimizde 93 Harbinden sonra sadece G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n Batum \u015fehrinden g\u00f6\u00e7 edenler de\u011fil, Artvin ve kazalar\u0131ndan g\u00f6\u00e7 eden muhacirler de anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz:<\/strong> So\u011fuk Sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f birka\u00e7 kitap vard\u0131. O kitaplar, bizlere ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc bilgiler veriyordu; ben \u00f6yle biliyorum. O zamanki Kremlin\u2019in resm\u00ee ideolojisinin g\u00f6lgesinde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 bu t\u00fcr kitaplar. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n duygu ve anla\u015f\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kitaplard\u0131. Ancak; biz 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. \u00d6nceki ve \u015fimdiki y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131n duygu ve anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir de\u011fil. \u00d6nceki y\u00fczy\u0131llarda, insanlar birbirleriyle din ile, ideolojiler ile de\u011fer veriyorlard\u0131. \u015eimdiki durum \u00f6yle de\u011fil. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde insanlar birbirlerine insanl\u0131k duygu ve anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla de\u011fer vermek zorundalar. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc iklim b\u00f6yle. Buradaki baz\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 yine de,\u00a0\u00a020. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n resm\u00ee ideolojileri ile ya\u015f\u0131yor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, bu t\u00fcr resm\u00ee ideolojiler ile G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Lazlar\u0131n karde\u015fli\u011fi geli\u015fir mi? Baz\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 m\u00fctemadiyen\u00a0\u00a0\u201cLazlar G\u00fcrc\u00fc; Lazca, G\u00fcrc\u00fccenin diyalekti,\u201d diyorlar. \u201cH\u0131ristiyan G\u00fcrc\u00fc G\u00fcrc\u00fcd\u00fcr; G\u00fcrc\u00fc ill\u00e2 H\u0131ristiyan olacak!\u201ddiyorlar.\u00a0\u00a0\u0130\u00e7erden-d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bu t\u00fcr G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n bu t\u00fcr duygu ve anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bize neler s\u00f6yleyebilirsiniz?<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> So\u011fuk sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131 d\u00fcnya tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131lanacak bir d\u00f6nemdir diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011fu kez ideolojilerin etkisi olmu\u015ftur. Bilimsel tarih yaz\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in ar\u015fiv belgeleri esas al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ar\u015fiv Belgelerinde Batum\u2019dan gelen Muhacirler i\u00e7in Batum Muhaciri G\u00fcrc\u00fc, Batum Muhaciri Laz, Batum Muhaciri Abaza, Batum T\u00fcrk, Artvin K\u00fcrt Muhacirleri gibi ifadeler kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu kay\u0131tlar bize g\u00f6stermektedir ki g\u00f6\u00e7 edenlerin tamam\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fc de\u011fildir. Batum\u2019dan g\u00f6\u00e7 edenler aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrk, Laz, Abaza ve K\u00fcrtler oldu\u011fu bir ger\u00e7ektir. Ancak belgeler incelendi\u011finde Muhacir kitlesinin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn G\u00fcrc\u00fcler oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok net g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u0130kinci b\u00fcy\u00fck grup ise Lazlard\u0131r. Belgelerde Samsun\u2019a yerle\u015ftirilen 99 n\u00fcfus Batum T\u00fcrk Muhaciri kay\u0131d\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r. Batum\u2019dan g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Batum Muhaciri Abaza kay\u0131d\u0131 yer alan iki k\u00f6yden bahsedilmektedir. Bursa civar\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Artvin K\u00fcrt muhacirleri ifadesi ise, 13 hane i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcrt ifadesinin Batum Kahaberde ya\u015fayan tarihi kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6\u00e7ebe-i Ekrad olarak ge\u00e7en ahaliyi kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekteyiz. Batum Muhacirleri i\u00e7erisinde yer alan Hem\u015finliler i\u00e7in Hem\u015finli ifadesi kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, sadece Batum muhacirleri olarak kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle tapu isk\u00e2n defterlerinde Batum Muhacirlerinin etnik yap\u0131s\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6\u00e7 edenlerin tamam\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmand\u0131r. Hristiyanlar bu g\u00f6\u00e7e dahil edilmemi\u015f, daha do\u011frusu \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131 buna izin vermemi\u015ftir. Sonu\u00e7ta g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Muhacirlerin hepsi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrk Vatanda\u015f\u0131 olarak ayn\u0131 bayrak alt\u0131nda rahat ve huzurlu ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Lazlar\u0131n tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te birbirinden ayr\u0131lmaz iki halk oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Dilleri ve ya\u015fay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7 i\u00e7edir. \u00c7ok birbirinden ay\u0131rt edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamayacakt\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zellikler g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm etnik k\u00f6kenliler i\u00e7in art\u0131k ge\u00e7erlidir. Hepsi et ve t\u0131rnak gibi olmu\u015ftur. Sizin sorunuza cevap olarak \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim: G\u00fcrc\u00fcler ve Lazlar dil, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f olarak birbirine en yak\u0131n iki halkt\u0131r. G\u00fcrc\u00fc ill\u00e2 Hristiyan olacakt\u0131r s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn bir ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi olamaz. Etnik kimlik farkl\u0131, din farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 dinlere mensup halklar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkesinde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcrc\u00fc olmay\u0131 Hristiyan olmak ile e\u015f tutmak, bence G\u00fcrc\u00fc Tarihinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc hi\u00e7e saymak anlam\u0131na gelir. Hristiyanl\u0131k \u00f6ncesinde de G\u00fcrc\u00fcler vard\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00fcrc\u00fc Kral\u0131 Parnavaz ki ilk milli devleti olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tarih kitaplar\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131, Hristiyan de\u011fildi. Ayr\u0131ca Kral Parnavaz ilk G\u00fcrc\u00fc alfabesini de olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu. Bug\u00fcn G\u00fcrc\u00fcler \u00e7ok dinli bir halkt\u0131r. Ortodoks, Katolik, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fcler, Yahudi olan G\u00fcrc\u00fcler. Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda art\u0131k g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Budizm, Yahova \u015fahitli\u011fi gibi inan\u00e7lar\u0131 benimseyen G\u00fcrc\u00fc Vatanda\u015flar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde h\u00e2l\u00e2 Hristiyan T\u00fcrkler ve Hristiyan Araplar var. \u00c7ok dinli olmak b\u00fct\u00fcn halklar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli bir durum asl\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

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\u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc olmay\u0131 Hristiyan olmakla e\u015f tutmak, G\u00fcrc\u00fc Tarihinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc hi\u00e7e saymak anlam\u0131na gelir.\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz:<\/strong>\u00a0Murat Bey;\u00a0\u201cLazlar G\u00fcrc\u00fcden gelmedir.\u201d veya \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcler Lazdan gelmedir.\u201d Kim bilebilir ki?! Bu t\u00fcr polemikler, bizim karde\u015fli\u011fimize katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131yor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, biz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Kimliklerimiz \u00f6l\u00fcyor; dillerimiz \u00f6l\u00fcyor. Nas\u0131l yapal\u0131m da kimliklerimizi ya\u015fatal\u0131m; nas\u0131l yapal\u0131m da anadillerimizi ya\u015fatal\u0131m? Ne yapal\u0131m da, G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Laz Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 el-ele vererek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fs\u0131n? Bu, siyas\u00ee de\u011fil,\u00a0\u00a0fakat k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir anlay\u0131\u015f. Siz, bu konulara ili\u015fkin neler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> Kesinlikle size kat\u0131l\u0131yorum, bu polemiklerin halklar\u0131n karde\u015fli\u011fine hi\u00e7bir katk\u0131s\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ben, saha \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok Batum Muhaciri G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Laz k\u00f6ylerini gezdim, evlilikler i\u00e7 i\u00e7e, Lazca bilen gelin \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde G\u00fcrc\u00fcce \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f, ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Lazlara gelin giden G\u00fcrc\u00fc gelini de k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede Lazca konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Cenazeleri, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnleri, e\u011flenceleri, mevlitleri hep beraber olmu\u015f y\u0131llar boyu. \u015eimdi zaten herkes ile i\u00e7ice olundu. Burada Laz G\u00fcrc\u00fc\u2019den, G\u00fcrc\u00fc Laz\u2019dan gelmi\u015ftir gibi polemikler ile u\u011fra\u015fmaktansa, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcze nas\u0131l ya\u015fat\u0131r\u0131z, dilimizi nas\u0131l koruruz, yeni nesillere aktar\u0131r\u0131z diye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131z. Burada ideolojiler bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kabul etmeyece\u011fi bir tak\u0131m diktalardan vazge\u00e7ip, g\u00f6\u00e7 eden atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n hat\u0131ralar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kmal\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7 eden Muhacirlerin dilek\u00e7elerini kitab\u0131m\u0131zda yay\u0131nlad\u0131k, g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ki onlar So\u011fuk Sava\u015f d\u00f6neminde bize dikta ettirilmek isteyen bir anlay\u0131\u015f \u00fczerine g\u00f6\u00e7 etmemi\u015fler. Bu hususlar da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak ifadelerimizi ona g\u00f6re kullanmal\u0131y\u0131z. Toplum ile ters d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde kabul g\u00f6rmeniz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r. K\u00f6yleri gezdi\u011fimiz zaman bunu net bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz; ahalinin bahsetti\u011finiz polemiklerle hi\u00e7 al\u00e2kas\u0131 yok.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz:<\/strong> Murat Bey; buradaki baz\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcler ve Lazlar, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 zoruyla se\u00e7tiler,\u201d diyorlar. Bu t\u00fcr fikirler i\u00e7in neler s\u00f6yleyebilirsiniz?<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> Bu fikirler orta\u00e7a\u011f din anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131d\u0131r diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Lazlar\u0131n k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 zoruyla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduklar\u0131na dair hi\u00e7bir tarihi veri bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu iddiay\u0131 ortaya atanlar, ar\u015fiv kay\u0131tlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden konu\u015fmamaktad\u0131r; duygusal, ideolojik bir yakla\u015f\u0131m \u00fczerinden meseleye bak\u0131yorlar. Osmanl\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde de G\u00fcrc\u00fcler aras\u0131nda \u0130sl\u00e2m\u0131n kabul edildi\u011fine dair belgeleri Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131k. Bunlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Sivas ve Kayseri gibi \u015fehirlere gelmi\u015fler; bunlar\u0131n da kay\u0131tlar\u0131 mevcut.\u00a0\u00a0Batum ve Havalisinde ya\u015fayan ahalinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olma s\u00fcreci Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemindedir. Osmanl\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgede y\u00f6netimi tam anlam\u0131yla ele ald\u0131ktan sonra n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funluk Hristiyand\u0131r. Aradan ge\u00e7en 100 y\u0131l sonra yap\u0131lan n\u00fcfus say\u0131mlar\u0131nda da h\u00e2l\u00e2 b\u00f6lgede Hristiyan k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin kay\u0131tlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu d\u00f6nem devletin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemdir. Devlet, zorla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman yapma politikas\u0131 g\u00fctse idi, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcnde ya\u015fayan G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Lazlar M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olurdu. 1835 N\u00fcfus Defterinde Kobuleti civar\u0131nda yeni M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ifadeleri var. B\u0131rak\u0131n Batum Havalisini Tiflis ve Guria b\u00f6lgesinden 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan G\u00fcrc\u00fc ailelere ait kay\u0131tlar ar\u015fivlerimizde yer almaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 diyor ki devlet o kadar vergi ald\u0131 ki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmaya mecbur kald\u0131lar. Bu da do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce G\u00fcrcistan civar\u0131ndan al\u0131nan Osmanl\u0131 vergileri di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re daha azd\u0131r. Ekonomik sebepler ile M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olundu\u011funu savunan ki\u015filerin Osmanl\u0131 \u00f6ncesi burada al\u0131nan vergi miktarlar\u0131 ve k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin ekonomik durumuna g\u00f6re o d\u00f6nemin kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlamas\u0131 gerekir ki Osmanl\u0131 ve \u00f6ncesini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak savunduklar\u0131 bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayal\u0131m. Oysa ki \u015fu ana kadar kimse Osmanl\u0131 \u00f6ncesi Batum ve Havalisinden al\u0131nan vergi miktarlar\u0131 ve k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131na dair d\u00f6nemin kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 esas alarak bir eser ortaya koymad\u0131. S\u00f6ylenen s\u00f6zler \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya zaman\u0131nda b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6nderilen bir gazetecinin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 (ki ben bunlar\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fclerden dinledim diyerek yazm\u0131\u015f ama bunun hi\u00e7bir tarihi ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi yok). Sovyetler zaman\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ideolojik tarih anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bir devam\u0131. Oysa ki Osmanl\u0131 ar\u015fivlerinde b\u00f6lgenin y\u00f6netimine dair her konuyu belli periyodlarda inceleyebiliyorsunuz. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olma ile ilgili de bir\u00e7ok belge var. Yavuz Sultan Selim\u2019in \u00c7ald\u0131ran Seferinde \u015fehit d\u00fc\u015fen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fcler var. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan ahalinin de haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde b\u00f6lgeye s\u00fcrekli fermanlar g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6lge ahalisine k\u00f6t\u00fc davranan y\u00f6neticiler uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve cezaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Bu konuyla ilgili Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fiv Kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcler kitab\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n incelenmesinde fayda vard\u0131r. Bu konularda ar\u015fiv belgeleri \u00fczerinden konu\u015fmakta fayda var.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz:<\/strong> Murat Bey; yeni k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131z, eserleriniz, projeleriniz var m\u0131? K\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanda, bize yeni s\u00fcrprizleriniz var m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> \u00d6ncelikli olarak Osmanl\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri kitab\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n geni\u015fletilmi\u015f ikinci bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlama i\u00e7erisindeyim, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu kitab\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n hem T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi hem de G\u00fcrc\u00fccesi \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde bitti. B\u00fcy\u00fck talep var bundan dolay\u0131 geni\u015fletilmi\u015f ikinci bask\u0131y\u0131 en k\u0131sa zamanda tamamlamay\u0131 pl\u00e2nl\u0131yorum. Ma\u00e7ahel B\u00f6lgesi ile ilgili Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivlerinde Ma\u00e7ahel adl\u0131 bir prestij eser haz\u0131rl\u0131yorum. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde yay\u0131na haz\u0131r hale gelecek. S\u00fcprizlerim olacak gibi, \u00f6nce Artvin, sonra Batum \u00fczerine ar\u015fiv esasl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong>:\u00a0Murat Bey, bu s\u00f6yle\u015fi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim. Sorular\u0131m\u0131 inceden inceye cevaplad\u0131n\u0131z. Siz de isterseniz, s\u00f6yle\u015fimizi sonland\u0131ral\u0131m! Ancak ba\u015fka s\u00f6yleyecekleriniz varsa, l\u00fctfen belirtin! Allah, sizi \u00e7oluk- \u00e7ocu\u011funuzla her zaman sevindirsin!<\/p>\n

Murat Kasap:<\/strong> Ali \u0130hsan Bey, tekrar bana b\u00f6yle bir f\u0131rsat sundu\u011funuz i\u00e7in te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerimi sunuyorum. S\u00f6yleyeceklerim bu kadar. Hepimize, ailelerimizle mutlu, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 uzun ya\u015famlar diliyorum. Hep beraber g\u00fczel eserler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kartal\u0131m!<\/p>\n

+<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130roras artimajura k\u0306ala dobdgitat do pelaperi no\u00e7ali\u015fepe gamavi\u011fat!\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Go\u0292\u0306otkvala: And\u011faneri musafiri\/ sumari \u00e7kimi ren Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i. Dido \u0292\u0306anape\u015fen doni, ma emu vi\u00e7inop do mteli noxvenepe mu\u015fi\u015fenti ambari komi\u011fun. Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i ren \u00e7kimi gamantaneri cumak\u0306o\u00e7epe\u015fen arteri. Gami\u00e7kvineri jur ketabi ku\u011fun emus. Gami\u00e7kvineri ketabepe mu\u015fi\u015fi art-arti ren \u201cOsmanli\u015fi Gurcepe\u201d. Aya ketabi gami\u00e7kvinu (2010) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit \u0292\u0306anas, no\u011fa \u0130st\u0306anbolis. Aya ketabi mu\u015fi xolo gami\u00e7kvinu (2012) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o jur \u0292\u0306anas. Ketabi\u015fi maartani gama\u00e7kva ren Turkuli, majurati ren Gurculi\/ Kortuli. Ketabi gami\u00e7kvinu Gurcistani\u015fi Manebroba\u015fi Derne\u011fi \u015fk\u0306elen. (480) otxo o\u015fi do otxo ne\u00e7i\u00a0 but\u0306k\u0306oni ketabi ren ansik\u0306lopediuri zimas. Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i\u015fi majura ketabi ren \u201c93 Harbi\u015fi Batumi\u015fi Mohacirepe.\u201d Aya ketabi\u015fi maartani gama\u00e7kva kogamaxtu (2018) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o ovro \u0292\u0306anas, no\u011fa \u0130st\u0306anbolis. Aya ketabiti ren Gurcistani\u015fi Manebroba\u015fi Derne\u011fi\u015fi gama\u00e7kva. Ketabi ren (832) ovro o\u015fi do e\u00e7i do vit\u0306o jur but\u0306k\u0306oni. Ketabi ren xolo ansik\u0306lopediuri zimas. Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306ik do\u00e7\u0306areren \u201cXicreteri Skidalepe\u015fi Nok\u0306u\u00e7xenepe\u201d coxoni rabisk\u0306uri filimi\u015fi t\u0306ekst\u0306iti. Xolo artneri filimi\u015fi k\u0306onsult\u0306ant\u0306oba qveren. Aya rabisk\u0306uri filimi ye\u015fi\u011finu (2014) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o otxo \u0292\u0306anas. \u201cGurcistani do Gurcepe Osmanli\u015fi Ar\u015fivi\u015fi No\u00e7\u0306arepes\u201d coxoni ketabi\u015fi edit\u0306oroba qveren (2012) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o jur \u0292\u0306anas. \u201c\u0130slamoba\u015fi \u011eoman, And\u011fa do \u00c7\u0306umen Gurcistanis\u201d coxoni semp\u0306ozyumi\u015fi tebli\u011fepe\u015fi ketabi ixazirinu Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i do P\u0306rof. Dr. Fahameddin Ba\u015fari \u015fk\u0306elen. Aya noxvene ixor\u0292elinu (2017) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o \u015fkvit \u0292\u0306anas. Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i\u015fi \u201cBatumi, Mohaciroba do Gurculi Biyografepe\u201d temaloni no\u00e7\u0306arepe gami\u00e7kvinen \u00e7kvado\u00e7kva gazeta do dergepes. Dudi mu\u015fi ren amk\u0306ata dulyamxvenu gamantaneri. Edo metimoni do pelaperi k\u0306ult\u0306uruli noxvenepe\u015fi mance ren. Ma, Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i k\u0306ala b\u011far\u011fali hemi aya jur ketabi mu\u015fi\u015fen, hemi \u00e7kineburepe\u015fi \u0130slamizasyoni\u015fen, hemiti \u00e7kineburepe\u015fi and\u011faneri xali\u015fen. Aya ren \u00e7kini ok\u0306otkvala\u015fi no\u00e7\u0306are. Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi)<\/p>\n

+<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Murat\u0306 Begi;\u00a0ipti tkvan gi\u00e7inat! Sonuri ret? So ye\u00e7kindit? Namu n\u0292\u0306opulapes igurit? Mu dulya ikipt? \u00c7ileri reti? Berepe giqonunani? Namu nenape gi\u00e7kinan? \u0130pti biyografi tkvani\u015fen ambari komom\u00e7it, mu iqven!<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i:<\/strong> \u0130ri\u015fen \u0292\u0306oxle ma tkvan \u015fukuri gi\u0292\u0306umert, k\u0306era tkvani\u015fa sumari em\u00e7\u0306opes ma do emu\u015feni; aya ipti gi\u00e7kit\u0306an. Ma yep\u00e7kindi no\u011fa Ordu- Gyolkyoyis.\u00a0\u0292\u0306oxle ma doviguri oput\u0306e \u00e7kimi\u015fi ge\u00e7\u0306k\u0306apuroni n\u0292\u0306opulas. Uk\u0306a\u00e7xeti ma doviguri\u00a0no\u011fa Ordu- Gyolkyoyi\u015fi\u00a0o\u015fkenoni n\u0292\u0306opula do Lises.\u00a0Uk\u0306a\u00e7xeti doviguri no\u011fa \u0130st\u0306anboli\u015fi Universit\u0306et\u0306i\u015fi N\u00e7\u0306araloba\u015fi Fak\u0306ult\u0306et\u0306is. Edo Tarixi\u015fi no\u0292\u0306ile\u015fen dip\u0306loma maqu ma. Uk\u0306a\u00e7xe ma doviguri \u0130st\u0306anboli\u015fi Universit\u0306et\u0306i\u015fi Sosyaluri \u00c7kinobape\u015fi Fak\u0306ult\u0306et\u0306i\u015fi Tarixi\u015fi mamgurapaloba\u015fi Ma\u011fali Lisansi\u015fi p\u0306rogramis do ma\u011fali lisansi\u015fi dip\u0306loma maqu ma. Ma vixandi mamgurapalo xvala ar \u0292\u0306ana\u015f morgvalis ar doxmeli n\u0292\u0306opulas.\u00a0 Va mevaqoni aya dulyas uk\u0306a\u00e7xeni \u0292\u0306anapes, meva\u015fkvi mamgurapaloba do mutu var. \u00c7ileri vore ma. Edo jur bere komiqonun ma. Gurculi ok\u0306itxu- o\u00e7\u0306aru\u015fi xemaxvencoba komi\u011fun. Ma ma\u011far\u011falen Gurculi nena o\u015fke dereceten. Am\u0292ikati Arabuli nena komi\u00e7kin ma.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Murat\u0306 Begi;\u00a0ma mi\u00e7kin, tkvan (1877-1878 Harbi\u015fi)\u00a0 93 Harbi\u015fi mohaciri ret.\u00a0 Batumi\u015fen mohaciri ar oca\u011fi\u015fi bere ret. E\u015fo mi\u00e7kin. Tkvan nak\u0306otxani nesili\u015fen\/ di\u0292xiri\u015fen mohaciri ret? Cinciten tkvan Batumi\u015fi namu oput\u0306e\u015fen ret? Ekonuri oput\u0306e tkvanis mu coxons? Akonuri oput\u0306e tkvanis mu coxons? Batumis mzaxalepe, di\u0292xirim\u015finepe giqonunani? Batumi\u015fen mu gvari, mu mcve\u015furi \u00e7kineburi gvari gi\u011funan?<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i:<\/strong> Turkiyes dido oca\u011fi steri, \u00e7kimi oca\u011fiti mohaciri ren. (93 Harbi\u015fi) 1877-1878 \u0292\u0306anape\u015fi Osmanli-Rusuli Lima \u015fk\u0306ule Batumi\u015fen mohaciri gamapteret. Mtini gi\u0292\u0306vat, Batumi ren generaluri coxo. No\u011fa Batumi k\u0306ala and\u011faneri no\u011fa Artvini\u015fi dido dixa ni\u00e7ineret\u0306u 3aroba\u015fi Rusya\u015fa.\u00a0 Oca\u011fi \u00e7kimik mohaciri gamaxteren emindroneri \u015eav\u015fati\u015fi oput\u0306e \u00c7a\u011flayani\u015fen. Oput\u0306e \u00c7a\u011flayani\u015fi mcve\u015fi coxo ren Hevtzvirili. And\u011faneri nd\u011fasti, mzaxalepe komiqonun ma eya oput\u0306es.\u00a0 1921 \u0292\u0306ana\u015fi ak\u0306t\u0306iten, oput\u0306e Hevtzvirili doskidu Turkiye\u015fi on\u017e\u011foni\u015fi doloxe. Amutenti, no\u011fa Batumi\u015fi il\u00e7e K\u0306eda\u015fi oput\u0306e Or\u0292vatis mzaxalepe komiqonunan; aya komi\u00e7kin ma. \u00c7kin mcoxonan K\u0306asaxa oca\u011fi\u015fi doloxe. Gvari \u00e7kini ren K\u0306asap\u0306i. Aya gvaris irtibat\u0306i k\u0306u\u011fun K\u0306asaxa k\u0306ala; e\u015fo doma\u0292\u0306onen ma. Oca\u011fi \u00e7kini didopeten K\u0306asap\u0306o\u011fli \u017eegneten i\u00e7inen. Astaxolo otkvalu\u015fi vore; baba \u00e7kimi\u015fi mzaxalepe renan mohaciri Gurculi di\u0292xiri\u015fen.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi<\/strong>: Murat\u0306 Begi; a\u0292\u0306iti maartani ketabi tkvani\u015fen b\u011far\u011falat. \u0130ptineri ketabi tkvani ren\u00a0 \u201cOsmanli\u015fi Gurcepe\u201d. Majura noxvenepe tkvani steri, aya noxvene tkvaniti ren dido beciti. Aya noxvene tkvaniten, xvala Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe\u015fen vardo, Turkiye\u015fi tarixi\u015fenti ambarepe mom\u00e7apt. Xolo aya noxvene tkvaniten, hemi Turkepe\u015fi do Gurcepe\u015fi hemiti Turkiye do Gurcistani\u015fi manebroba do cumalobas mxuci me\u00e7apt. A\u0292\u0306i\u015fa amk\u0306ata ketabi gami\u00e7kvineri va rt\u0306u Turkiyes; ma e\u015fo mi\u00e7kin. Go\u015fogorus mundes geo\u00e7\u0306k\u0306it Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepes; \u00a0o\u00e7\u0306arusti mundes geo\u00e7\u0306k\u0306it?<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i:<\/strong> \u0292\u0306anape \u0292\u0306oxle rt\u0306u; Didino\u011fa \u0130st\u0306anboli\u015fi Belediyek opape\u015fdoloxeni o\u00e7inapu\u015fi ok\u0306oxtala \u0292\u0306opxeret\u0306u Remazani\u015fi Tuta\u015fi faaliyet\u0306epe\u015fi doloxe, Fesxanas. \u00c7kinti dop\u0306\u0292\u0306opxit ar mer\u00e7apa ek. Ar ketabi\u015fi simadak eya mer\u00e7apa\u015fen gamaxtu. Gurculi cinci\u015fen (50) jure ne\u00e7i do vit k\u0306o\u00e7i\u015fi biyografepe- suretepe meir\u00e7ines st\u0306andi \u00e7kinis, Fesxanas. Osmanli\u015fi Oxen\u0292ale\u015fi askerul- siviluri burok\u0306rasi\u015fen rt\u0306u em jure ne\u00e7i do vit k\u0306o\u00e7i.<\/p>\n

Uk\u0306a\u00e7xeti aya mer\u00e7apa\u015fi biyografepe- suretepeten ar ketabi dop\u0306\u0292\u0306opxit. Mara aya ketabis ge\u017ein (1200) vit\u0306o\u015fi do jur o\u015fi \u0292\u0306oxle- mxtimu k\u0306o\u00e7i\u015fi biyografi.<\/p>\n

Osmanli\u015fi tim\u00e7xu Gurcepe\u015fi biyografepe\u015fen \u0292\u0306opxineri do gami\u00e7kvineri ar \u00e7kva ketabi \u0292\u0306oxle\u015fen va rt\u0306u. Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe coxoni aya ketabi ren iptineri noxvene spero mu\u015fis, aya gagnapaten. Aya biyografepe \u015feni go\u015fogorus kogevo\u00e7\u0306k\u0306i Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepes, (2007) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do \u015fkvit \u0292\u0306anas. Go\u015fogoruten uk\u0306ore\u0292xu rabisk\u0306a do dok\u0306umani kob\u017eiri ma. (18) vito ovro sadrazami k\u0306ala uk\u0306ore\u0292xu ma\u011fali seviyeloni oxen\u0292ale\u015fk\u0306o\u00e7i, ulema do m\u00e7\u0306aru, sivil- askeruli memurepe, padi\u015faepe\u015fi nanape\u015fi skidalape\u015fen ambarepe me\u00e7aps aya ketabik. Aya noxvene ren Turkepe do Gurcepe\u015fi cumaloba\u015fi no\u0292\u0306ireni, mtini bzop\u0306ont na. Aya no\u00e7ali\u015fes kogevo\u00e7\u0306k\u0306it (2007) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do \u015fkvit \u0292\u0306anas do vo\u00e7odinit (2010) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit \u0292\u0306anas. Edo Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe coxoni ketabi \u00e7kini gami\u00e7kvinu Gurcistani\u015fi Cumaloba\u015fi Derne\u011fi \u015fk\u0306elen. Mati aya derne\u011fi\u015fi oktala\u015fi x\u00e7etomonepe\u015fi art-arti vore.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Murat\u0306 Begi; \u201cOsmanli\u015fi Gurcepe\u201d coxoni ketabi tkvani\u015fen molap\u015finat a\u0292\u0306iti! Aya ketabi tkvanik metinoni ambarepe mom\u00e7apan. Ketabi tkvani\u015fi aya metimoni do pelaperi ambarepe\u015fen ambaroni vore ma, mara tkvanti tkvit do mak\u0306itxalepe \u00e7kinikti ik\u0306itxan do iguran! Tkvani p\u0306ici\u015fenti ognan mak\u0306itxalepe \u00e7kinik, mu iqven! Tkvan \u00e7\u0306arit aya ketabi xvala Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306apeten, e\u015fo reni? Muk\u0306o no\u0292\u0306ile u\u011fun aya ketabis? K\u0306arta no\u0292\u0306ilek mu ambari me\u00e7aps milletis.<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i:<\/strong> Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe coxoni aya ketabi\u015fi nanodude ren Osmanli\u015fi Arkivi do no\u011fa \u0130st\u0306anboli\u015fi Omufte\u015fi \u015eeriyye\u015fi Sicilepe\u015fi arkivi.\u00a0Antepe\u015f gale, Osmanli\u015fi xe\u0292ala\u015fi kronik\u0306epe do tarixi\u015f ketabepe\u015fi ambarepe\u015fenti feide i\u017eirinu do a\u015foten no\u00e7ali\u015fe ik\u0306ut\u0306alinu. Ketabi \u00e7kini i\u00e7\u0306arinu didopeten maartani odudepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306apeten. Ketabi \u00e7kinis ku\u011fun (6) an\u015fi no\u0292\u0306ile, amaxtimoni no\u0292\u0306ile k\u0306ala. Generaluro Gurculi tarixi, Gurcepe do \u0130slamoba, Osmanli\u015fi odudepe\u015fen Gurcepe do \u0130slamoba coxoten (3) sum no\u0292\u0306ile ge\u017ein amaxtimoni\u015fi no\u0292\u0306iles. Gurcepe\u015fi tarixi k\u0306ala Gurcupe\u015fi Muslimanoba\u015fi p\u0306rosesi, Muslimani Gurcepe\u015fi sva \u0130slamoba\u015fi kianas, Osmanli\u015fi odudepe\u015fi toli\u015fen Gurcepe, odudepe\u015fen Gurcistani do Gurcepe \u015feni tarixuri, co\u011frafiuri, k\u0306ult\u0306uruli ambarepe ge\u017ein xolo amaxtimoni\u015fi no\u0292\u0306iles. Osmanli\u015f \u0292\u0306oxleni Anat\u0306olia\u015fi \u0130slamuri k\u0306ult\u0306uri\u015fa Gurcepe\u015fi rolepe do omxvacupe\u015fi ambari didopeten ni\u00e7inen aya no\u0292\u0306ile\u015fi doloxe. Gurcistani\u015fi no\u011fape Ahisk\u0306a, Batumi do Tbilisis ku\u011fut\u0306es \u0130slamuri noxvenepe; aya noxvenepe\u015fenti moli\u015finen. Sadrazami, naziri, yengi\u00e7eri\u015faga, k\u0306ap\u0306t\u0306ani derya, vali, ordu\u015fi k\u0306omut\u0306ani do mebusoba steri dulyape\u015fen ma\u011fali seviyeloni Gurcepe\u015fi biyografepe ni\u00e7inen maartani no\u0292\u0306iles.\u00a0\u00a0\u00c7kin dop\u0306\u00e7\u0306arit Osmanli\u015fi xe\u0292ala\u015fen Gurculi ulemape\u015fi skidalape majurani no\u0292\u0306iles. Xe\u015fnoxvene do n\u00e7\u0306araloba\u015fi spero\u015fi \u00e7inoberi Gurcepe\u015fen molap\u015finit \u00e7kin masumani no\u0292\u0306iles. Asker- siviluri do \u00e7kvado\u00e7kva sperope\u015fi \u0292\u0306oxle- mxtimu Gurcepe\u015fi ambarepe ni\u00e7inen maotxani no\u0292\u0306iles. \u00c7kin dop\u0306\u00e7\u0306arit Gurculi cinconi padi\u015fai do \u015fehzadepe\u015fi nanape do entepe\u015fi kimolepe\u015fi biyografepe \u00e7odina no\u0292\u0306iles.\u00a0\u00a0Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe coxoni ketabis va u\u011fun xvala biyografepe. Emk\u0306ata k\u0306o\u00e7epe\u015fi xeiri\u015f noxvenepe\u015fen, came, n\u0292\u0306opula, medrese, xinci, ox\u017eabune, , \u00e7e\u015fmepe\u015fenti; n\u00e7\u0306araloba\u015fi spero\u015fen no\u00e7\u0306arepe mutepe\u015fi\u015fenti m\u00e7\u0306ipa\u015fa\u015fi ti\u015fen k\u0306udeli\u015fa mola\u015finaps ketabik. Gurculi tarixi\u015fi a\u0292\u0306i\u015fa u\u015figneri, u\u017eireli, u\u00e7\u0306areli aya no\u0292\u0306ile, aya ketabi\u015fi doloxe o\u0292\u0306opxuten ar no\u011fira komi\u011fut\u0306es: Gurcepek skidala do noxvenepe mutepe\u015fiten numxvaces Osmanli\u015fi Medeniyet\u0306is. Gurcepe\u015fi dulyamxvenoba, gecgina do vatanp\u0306erveroba\/ p\u0306at\u0306riot\u0306oba\u015fen mskva no\u0292\u0306irenepe hemi a\u0292\u0306ineri milleti \u00e7kinis hemiti uk\u0306a\u00e7xenepes o\u0292\u0306iru mint\u0306es \u00e7kin; amkat\u0306a anank\u0306eni komi\u011fut\u0306es. Xolo aya ketabiten, uk\u0306ore\u0292xu k\u0306o\u00e7is ambarepe aqu p\u0306ap\u0306upe mutepe\u015fi biyografepe\u015fen m\u00e7\u0306ipa\u015fa\u015fi.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Murat\u0306 Begi; a\u0292\u0306iti komoptat majura ketabi tkvani\u015fa. Majura ketabi tkvani\u015fen molap\u015finat, molami\u015finit, mu iqven! Aya noxvene tkvaniti iptineri noxvene tkvani steri ren \u00a0metimoni do dido pelaperi. Aya ketabi\u015fi go\u015fogorus mundes geo\u00e7\u0306k\u0306it Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepes?\u00a0 Mundes geo\u00e7\u0306k\u0306it aya ketabi\u015fi o\u00e7\u0306arus? Xvala Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fen \u00e7\u0306areli reni aya ketabi? Ketabi tkvanis ku\u011fun no\u0292\u0306ilepe. Aya no\u0292\u0306ilepek muepe\u015fen do miepe\u015fen ambarepe mom\u00e7apan?<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i<\/strong>: 93 Harbi\u015fi Mohacirepe Batumi\u015fen coxoni ketabis ku\u011fun dido gin\u017ee p\u0306a\u015fura. Mtini gi\u0292\u0306vat; Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe coxoni ketabi\u015fi oxazirinu\u015fi oras, ar k\u0306ele mohaciroba\u015fi arkivepes vixandept\u0306i do entepe\u015fi namtinepe\u015fi k\u0306op\u0306iape ebzdipt\u0306i menceli \u00e7kimiten.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mara ar m\u0292ika \u015fk\u0306ule mohaciroba\u015fi jin oxandu \u015feni govonk\u0306vati ma. Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe coxoni ketabi \u015fk\u0306ule, Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fen Gurcistani do Gurcepe coxoni ketabi\u015fi edit\u0306oroba dop\u0306i ma. Aya ketabi gami\u00e7kvinu Galeni Turkepe do Mzaxali nok\u0306ob\u011fepe\u015fi dudmaxvencoba\u015fi sp\u0306onsorobaten, (2012) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o jur \u0292\u0306anas.\u00a0 \u00c7kin govonk\u0306vatit ar mohaciroba\u015fi rabisk\u0306uri filimi\u015fi oxazirinu \u015feni; aya rt\u0306u xolo (2012) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o jur \u0292\u0306anas. Edo \u00e7kin p\u0306\u0292\u0306opxit Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe\u015fi mohaciroba coxoni do (13) vit\u0306o sum burmeloni ar rabisk\u0306uri filimi\u00a0\u00a0 (2013) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o sum \u0292\u0306anas. Aya rabisk\u0306uri noxvene \u00e7kinik viziyonis kamaxtu no\u011fa Esk\u0306i\u015fehiri\u015fi Turkuli Kiana\u015fi nanano\u011fa\u015fi ajansi\u015fi xeten 21 Maisi (2014) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o otxo \u0292\u0306anas, no\u011fa Esk\u0306i\u015fehiris. Rabisk\u0306uri filimi\u015fi guri \u015feni, ma gopteret\u0306i namtini no\u011fapes (2013) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o sum do (2014) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o otxo \u0292\u0306anapes. Edo rabisk\u0306a ok\u0306orobus kogevo\u00e7\u0306k\u0306i ma no\u011fape\u015fen, so na gopteret\u0306i. Rabisk\u0306uri filimi\u015fi o\u0292\u0306irinu \u015fk\u0306ule, (2014) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o otxo \u0292\u0306anas, Ma m\u00e7\u0306ipa\u015fa\u015fi kogevo\u00e7\u0306k\u0306i go\u015fogorus do Batumi\u015fi mohacirepe\u015fen rabisk\u0306a ok\u0306orobus Osmanli\u015fi Arkivis. Fursat\u0306i maqu\u015fi, xolo \u00e7kineburi oput\u0306epe\u015fa komepti do entepe\u015fi ambarepe ok\u0306orobu \u015feni gzalepe dobgori ma. Ketabi\u015fi oxazirinu naqonu (4) otxo \u0292\u0306ana\u015f morgvalis. Edo Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepe\u015fen Rabisk\u0306apeten 93 Harbi\u015fi Mohacirepe Batumi\u015fen coxoni ketabi gami\u00e7kvinu K\u0306ult\u0306uri\u015fi Onazire\u015fi Telifuri Hak\u0306epe\u015fi Generaluri Direkt\u0306oraba\u015fi omxvacuten (2018) jur vit\u0306o\u015fi do vit\u0306o ovro \u0292\u0306anas; gecgineri gamaptit \u00e7kin. Aya ketabi\u015fi nanodudeti ren Osmanli\u015fi Arkivi. Amu\u015f gale,\u00a0 Vakufepe\u015fi generaluri\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Direkt\u0306oroba\u015fi Arkivi, no\u011fa \u0130st\u0306anboli\u015fi omufte\u015fi \u015eeriyye\u015fi Sicilepe\u015fi Arkivi, Cumhuriyeti\u015fi Arkivi, Ataturki\u015fi Kutupxana\u015fi Arkivi, Nadiruli Noxvenepe\u015fi Arkivi\u015fen mohaciroba\u015fi rabisk\u0306apekti memi\u015fveles. Arteri temapeten, Suleymaniye\u015fi Kutupxana, Beyazit\u0306i\u015fi Oxen\u0292aluri Kutupxana, \u0130SAM do \u00c7kinoba do Xe\u015fnoxvene\u015fi Vak\u0306fi\u015fi Kutupxanepesti\u00a0 go\u015fobgori ma. Mohaciroba\u015fi a\u011fani ketabepe do mak\u0306alepekti memi\u015fveles. Arkivi\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015f gale, arm\u0292ika rt\u0306as nati, namtini k\u0306o\u00e7epe\u015fi p\u0306ici\u015fen tarixikti memi\u015fvelu do amutenti ketabi \u00e7kimi voxampi ma. Mara akolen iris mskva\u015fa ognapu\u015fi vore; dido m\u00e7ire xaliten k\u0306o\u00e7epe\u015fi p\u0306ici\u015fen tarixi\u015fi no\u00e7ali\u015feti k\u0306ut\u0306ali\u015fa doma\u00e7\u0306irnan; ayati k\u0306aixe\u015fa mi\u00e7kit\u0306an.\u00a0 93 Harbi\u015fi Mohacirepe Batumi\u015fen coxoni ketabis ge\u017ein (10) vit no\u0292\u0306ile, amaxtimoni\u015fi no\u0292\u0306ile\u015f gale.\u00a0\u00a0 Amaxtimoni\u015fi no\u0292\u0306ileten, ketabi\u015fi generaluri no\u011fira do o\u00e7\u0306aru\u015fi format\u0306i\u015fen molap\u015fini ma.\u00a0 Batumi do mu\u015fi gomorgva\u015fi generaluri tarixi,\u00a0 Batumi do mu\u015fi gomorgva\u015fen \u0130slamuri k\u0306ult\u0306uru\u015fi noxvenepe do xolo eya gomorgva\u015fi oput\u0306epe\u015fi coxope\u015fen do arkivepe\u015fen k\u0306erape\u015fi coxope\u015fen moli\u015finen maartani no\u0292\u0306iles.\u00a0 Majurani no\u0292\u0306ilek mola\u015finaps Batumi\u015fi Cepe\/ Front\u0306i do Batumi\u015fi gomorgva\u015fi svalyari xalk\u0306i\u015fen \u0292\u0306opxineri askeruli mencelepe\u015fen\u00a0 (19.) vito ma\u00e7xorani o\u015f\u0292\u0306anura\u015fi Osmanli- Rusuli Limas.\u00a0 93 Harbi\u015fi Batumi\u015fi Front\u0306i, Manu\u015fvale mencelepe\u015fi Ordu\/ Armia, Lima\u015fi Dudi do \u00c7odina, Batumi\u015fi Xalk\u0306i\u015fi reak\u0306siyonepe Berlini\u015fi Ak\u0306t\u0306i\u015fa, Osmanli\u015fi Armia\u015fi Batumi\u015fi gomorgva\u015fen Gamaxtimu do emindroneri Rusuli Armia\u015fi Batumi\u015fa Amaxtimu, 93 Harbi\u015fi Mohaciroba\u015fi Mizezepe do Moxaciroba, Maartani Didi Lima\u015fi mizeziten ye\u00e7kindineri Majurani Didi Mohaciroba k\u0306ut\u0306ali\u015fa do m\u00e7\u0306ipa\u015fa\u015fi i\u00e7\u0306arinu aya no\u0292\u0306iles.<\/p>\n

Yulva do O\u015fke U\u00e7amzo\u011fa\u015fi t\u0306erit\u0306oria\u015fa mohaciroba masumani no\u0292\u0306iles, Geulva U\u00e7amzo\u011fa\u015fi t\u0306erit\u0306oria\u015fa mohaciroba do mohaciruli nobargenepe\u015fi coxope ni\u00e7inu ketabi\u015fi maotxani no\u0292\u0306iles. Maxutani no\u0292\u0306iles Marmara\u015fi t\u0306erit\u0306oria\u015fa, maan\u015fani no\u0292\u0306iles Ege\u015fi t\u0306erit\u0306oria\u015fa, ma\u015fkvitani no\u0292\u0306iles doloxeni Anat\u0306olia\u015fi t\u0306erit\u0306oria\u015fa, maovrani no\u0292\u0306iles Yulva do Omjoreyulva Anat\u0306olia\u015fi t\u0306erit\u0306oria\u015fa, ma\u00e7xorani no\u0292\u0306iles X\u00e7emo\u011fa\u015fi t\u0306erit\u0306oria\u015fa mohacirobape\u015fen ambarepe komep\u00e7it \u00e7kin. Emindroneri mohacirepe\u015fi coxope\u015fi list\u0306epe, mohacirepe\u015fi oxve\u0292\u0306upe, gedgineri oput\u0306epe\u015fi xana do nufusi\u015fi ambarepe, nobargenepe\u015fi ruk\u0306ape,\u00a0 emindroneri oxen\u0292ale\u015fi omxvacupe, \u011furape, dobadape, mezare\u015fi kvape, o\u00e7ilu-okimocu\u015f ak\u0306it\u0306epe, came do n\u0292\u0306opulape\u015fi p\u0306lanepe, suretepe do amusteri rabisk\u0306uri ambarepe ma\u017eirenan \u00e7kin.\u00a0 Ketabi\u015fi \u00e7odina no\u0292\u0306ilesti, mohaciroba do obargu \u015feni ar generaluri k\u0306oment\u0306ari ixvenu. Ketabi\u015fi nanmizanp\u0306aji di\u00e7odu \u015fk\u0306ule, uk\u0306a\u00e7xe, muhacerepe\u015fi coxope\u015fi list\u0306epeti maqves; Yulva U\u00e7amzo\u011fa\u015fi t\u0306erit\u0306orias dobargeri mohacirepe\u015fi coxopeti ar majura list\u0306eten ni\u00e7inu ketabi\u015fi \u00e7odinas.\u00a0 Mtini mk\u0306ule nenaten, aya ketabi \u00e7kiniti ren iptineri no\u00e7ali\u015fe spero mu\u015fis, maartani ketabi \u00e7kini steri;\u00a0 ayati k\u0306aixe\u015fa mi\u00e7kit\u0306an. Batumi\u015fi Muhacirepe\u015fen generaluro amk\u0306ata ketabi a\u0292\u0306i\u015fa gami\u00e7kvineri va rt\u0306u. Batumi\u015fi mohacirepe\u015fi ambarepe\u015fen ar-jur mak\u0306ale gami\u00e7kvineri rt\u0306u do mutu var.\u00a0 Xvala emk\u0306ata mak\u0306alepe mi\u011fut\u0306es xes. Aya ar-jur mak\u0306ale\u015f gale, xvala muxuruli do oput\u0306e\u015fen ambaroni ar-jur ketabiti kort\u0306u; amk\u0306ata noxvenepes didopeten arkivepe\u015fenti ambari va u\u011fut\u0306es. \u00c7kin p\u0306\u0292\u0306opxit aya ketabi 1877-1878 Osmanli-Rusuli Harbi do mohaciroba\u015fi (140.) o\u015fi do majure\u00e7ani \u0292\u0306anoba go\u015finu \u015feni.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi<\/strong>: Ketabik Batumi\u015fi mohacirepe\u015fen ambari mom\u00e7apan; ho. Mara a\u0292\u0306i \u00e7kin Batumi ptkvat\u015fi, a\u0292\u0306ineri Batumi oxoi\u0292\u0306onen. E\u015fo i\u00e7kinen. Coxoten Batumi ren Batumi mara, emindro\u015fi Batumi do a\u0292\u0306ineri Batumi ar rt\u0306ui, ar reni? A\u0292\u0306ineri Batumi\u015fen ambari komi\u011funan; Gurcistani\u015fi muxurepen arteri. Emindroneri Batumik a\u0292\u0306ineri Turkiye do Gurcistani\u015fi namu muxurepes xe modumert\u0306u?<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i:<\/strong> T\u0306erimi Batumi, mtini gi\u0292\u0306vat, xvala and\u011faneri no\u011fa Batumi \u015feni va ixmarinu ketabi\u015fi doloxe. Aya ren ar generaluri t\u0306erimi. And\u011faneri Gurcistani\u015fi \u00c7uruk\u0306su\/ Kobuleti, A\u00e7\u0306ara (K\u0306eda do Xulo coxoni no\u011fa) do And\u011faneri Turkiye \u00e7kini\u015fi Artvini, Xopa, Murguli, \u015eav\u015fati, Maraditi, Bor\u00e7xa, \u00c7xala, \u0130merxevi, Gonio, Art\u0306anuci, Mak\u0306ufi\u015fi ar no\u0292\u0306ile i\u00e7kinen Batumi do mu\u015fi gomorgva coxoten tarixi\u015fi mcve\u015fi orapes, 93 Harbi\u015fi \u0292\u0306anapes. No\u011fa Batumi rt\u0306u Lazistani\u015fi Sancak\u0306i\u015fi \u015fkaguri; e\u015fo gi\u0292\u0306vat, and\u011faneri maanaten vilayet\u0306i\u015fi \u015fkaguri. Ma jile molap\u015fini namtini svalepe\u015fi coxope. Entepe\u015fen xvala \u015eav\u015fati do Art\u0306anuci rt\u0306u mek\u0306ireli \u00c7ild\u0131ri\u015fi Sancak\u0306i\u015fa.\u00a0 Arkivi\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fen jile molap\u015fini ma. Edo jileni k\u0306aza do nahiyepe\u015fen mohaciri gamaxtimeri nufusi moli\u015finen Batumi\u015fi Mohacirepe coxoten Osmanli\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fi doloxe; aya mi\u00e7kit\u0306an. Am mohacirepekti mola\u015finapan dudi mutepe\u015fi\u015fen Batumi\u015fi Mohacirepe yado oxve\u0292\u0306upe mutepe\u015fi doloxe. Amu\u015feniti, 93 Harbi\u015fi Mohacirepe Batumi\u015fen yado coxo gevodvit aya ketabis \u00e7kin, aya coxo moxva kob\u017eirit. Spero\u015fi no\u00e7ali\u015fe\u015f morgvalisti, dudi mutepe\u015fi \u015feni mohacirepek udodginu iroras \u00e7kin Batumi\u015fen komoptit, Batumi\u015fen moxtimeri voret yado ognapes. Entepe\u015fi aya notkvamepekti memi\u015fveles ketabis aya coxo gedvalus. Mara arkivi\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fen k\u0306aza do nahiyepe\u015fi coxopeti molap\u015finit. Emu\u015feniti, Batumi\u015fi Muhacirepe ptkvat\u015fi, 93 Harbi \u015fk\u0306ule xvala and\u011faneri Gurcistani\u015fi no\u011fa Batumi\u015fen gamaxtimerepe\u015fen vardo, and\u011faneri Artvini do k\u0306azape mu\u015fi\u015fen mohaciri gamaxtimeri mohacirepeti moli\u015finenan; aya oxo\u0292\u0306onu\u015fi voret \u00e7kin.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Ar- jur ketabi kort\u0306u gami\u00e7kvineri Qini Ok\u0306ok\u0306idinu\u015fi \u0292\u0306anapes. Emk\u0306ata ketabepek ba\u015fk\u0306aturli ambarepe mom\u00e7apt\u0306es. Xilafi\/ \u00e7ilata ambarepe mom\u00e7apt\u0306es amk\u0306ata ketabepek; e\u015fo mi\u00e7kin ma. Emindroneri K\u0306remlini\u015fi resmuri\/ ofi\u0292ialuri ideoloji\u015fi landeten \u00e7\u0306areli rt\u0306es amk\u0306ata ketabepe. Aya rt\u0306u (20.) mae\u00e7ani o\u015f\u0292\u0306anura\u015fi zmona do gagnapa. Mara aya va ren mae\u00e7ani o\u015f\u0292\u0306anura. Aya ren (21.) e\u00e7i do maartani o\u015f\u0292\u0306anura. \u0292\u0306oxleni do a\u0292\u0306ineri o\u015f\u0292\u0306anurepe\u015fi zmona do gagnapa ar va ren. \u0292\u0306oxleni o\u015f\u0292\u0306anurapes, k\u0306o\u00e7epek artikartis diniten\/ ceraten do ideolojiten k\u0306imet\u0306i me\u00e7apt\u0306es. Mara a\u0292\u0306ineri dulya e\u015fo va ren. And\u011faneri nd\u011fas, ko\u00e7epe artikartis k\u0306o\u00e7inoba\u015fi zmona do gagnapaten k\u0306imet\u0306i me\u00e7amu\u015fi renan. And\u011faneri m\u0292xade ik\u0306limi\/ k\u0306limat\u0306i a\u015fo ren kianas.\u00a0Akonuri namtini Gurci gamantanerepek xoloti\u00a0 (20.) mae\u00e7ani o\u015f\u0292\u0306anura\u015fi resmuri\/ ofi\u0292ialuri ideolojepeten skidunan. Emk\u0306ata ofi\u0292ialuri ideolojepeten, Gurcepe do Lazepe\u015fi cumaloba irdeni and\u011faneri nd\u011falepes? Namtini Gurci gamantanerepek udodginu\u00a0 \u201cLazepe Gurci renan; Lazuri ren Kortuli nena\u015fi dialekt\u0306i\u201d-ya tkumernan. \u201cXvala Krist\u0306iani Gurci Gurci ren; Gurci illa Krist\u0306iani iqvasunon!\u201d-ya tkumernan.\u00a0 Ekonuri- akonuri amk\u0306ata Gurci gamantanerepe\u015fi zmona do gagnapa \u015feni muepe gatkvenan?<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i:<\/strong> Qini Ok\u0306ok\u0306idinu\u015fi \u0292\u0306anape\u015fi gagnapa gamaxtimeri ren dido p\u0306at\u0306i kiana\u015fi tarixi\u015fen, e\u015foti moli\u015finasunan; ma e\u015fo doma\u0292\u0306onen. Tarixi i\u00e7\u0306arinu didopeten ideolojepe\u015fi landes. Tarixi\u015fi ilmiuri m\u00e7\u0306arus nomskuns arkivepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306apeten o\u00e7\u0306aru. Batumi\u015fen moxtimeri mohacirepe \u015feni, Batumi\u015fen Mohaciri Gurci, Batumi\u015fen Mohaciri Lazi, Batumi\u015fen Mohaciri Abaza, Batumi\u015fen Turki Mohaciri, Artvini\u015fen Kyurdi Mohacirepe yado t\u0306erimepe ixmarinenan arkivi\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fi doloxe. Arkivi\u015fi amk\u0306ata rabisk\u0306apek \u00e7kin mo\u0292\u0306irapan, am mohacirepe\u015fi mteli Gurci va renan. Turki, Lazi, Abaza do Kyurdepeti kort\u0306es Batumi\u015fen moxtimeri mohacirepe\u015fi doloxe; aya ambari ren mtini. Mara rabisk\u0306apes tito-tito m\u00e7\u0306ipa\u015fa\u015fi mendap\u0306\u0292\u0306k\u0306edat\u015fi,\u00a0 am mohacirepe\u015fi dido ren Gurci; aya xali rabisk\u0306ape\u015fen k\u0306aixe\u015fa i\u017eiren. Batumi\u015fi mohacirepe\u015fen majurani didi grup\u0306i ren Lazepe. Xolo arkivi\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fen mskva\u015fa i\u017eiren, no\u011fa Samsuni\u015fa dobarderi (99) otxo ne\u00e7i do vit\u0306o \u00e7xoro nufusiti ren Batumi\u015fen mohaciri Turki; e\u015fo \u00e7\u0306areli ren rabisk\u0306apes.\u00a0 Batumi\u015fen moxtimeri Batumi\u015fi Mohaciri Abaza yado \u00e7\u0306areli jur oput\u0306e\u015fi coxoti moli\u015finen rabisk\u0306apes. No\u011fa Bursa\u015fi gomorgvas dobargeri Artvini\u015fi Kyurdi mohacirepe yadoti \u00e7\u0306areli ren rabisk\u0306apes;\u00a0 aya notkvame \u00e7\u0306areli ren ekoni (13) vit\u0306o sum xana \u015feni. T\u0306erimi Kyurdi ixmarinen Batumi-K\u0306axaberis skideri xalk\u0306i \u015feni; am xalk\u0306i moli\u015finen go\u00e7ebe-i Ek\u0306rad coxoten Osmanli\u015fi mcve\u015fi rabisk\u0306apes; aya t\u0306erimi am xalk\u0306i \u015feni ixmarinen; e\u015fo doma\u0292\u0306onenan. Batumi\u015fen mohacirepe\u015fi doloxe Xem\u015filepeti kort\u0306es; mara entepe \u015feni Xem\u015fili yado va moli\u015fineren rabisk\u0306apes; xvala Batumi\u015fi mohacirepe yado moli\u015fineren. Batumi\u015fi Mohacirepe\u015fi et\u0306nik\u0306uri cincepe\u015fenti moli\u015finenan didopetenti tapu-iskani\u015fi defterepes. Mohacirepe\u015fi mteli ren Muslimani. Am mohacirepe\u015fi doloxe Krist\u0306ianepe\u015fen \u00e7kar miti va ren, mtini gi\u0292\u0306vat, \u0292aroba\u015fi Rusya\u015fi oktalak Krist\u0306ianepes mohaciri oqopimu\u015fa izni va me\u00e7eren. Axiris, and\u011faneri nd\u011fas,\u00a0 mohacirepe\u015fi mteli renan Turkuli dobadonarepe do raxat\u0306- xuzuroni skidunan artneri bandara\u015fi tude. Gurci do Lazi va ok\u0306ui\u0292\u0306k\u0306asunon tarixuri p\u0306rosesis, amk\u0306ata jur xalk\u0306i renan; ma e\u015fo visimadeps. Nenape mutepe\u015fi do skidalape mutepe\u015fi artimajura\u015fa dido mengaperi renan. Entepe ok\u0306o\u0292\u0306k\u0306u va ren mumkyuni. Xvala Lazi do Gurcepe \u015feni vardo, Turkiye\u015fi Cumhuriyeti\u015fi mteli \u00e7kvado\u00e7kva et\u0306nik\u0306ur-cinconi dobadonarepe \u015feni ren aya notkvame \u00e7kimi. Mteliti xor\u0292i do bu\u0292xa steri renan. Tkvani k\u0306itxalas a\u015fo co\u011fap\u0306i mema\u00e7en ma. Aya ambari\u015fenti molap\u015fina, Gurcepe do Lazepe; nena, k\u0306ult\u0306uri do skidalaten artikarti\u015fa iri\u015fen xolosoni jur xalk\u0306i renan. Gurci, illati Krist\u0306iani iqvasunon; amk\u0306ata notkvame pelaperi va ren. Et\u0306nik\u0306uri minoba \u00e7kva ren, diniti\/ religiati \u00e7kva ren. \u00c7kvado\u00e7kva religiape\u015fen xalk\u0306epes skidunan kiana\u015fi dido dobadonapes. Gurci oqopimu ren Krist\u0306iani oqopimu yado mola\u015finu ren Gurcupe\u015fi tarixi\u015fen uambare oqopimu. Amk\u0306ata k\u0306o\u00e7epes tarixi\u015fen ambari va u\u011funan. Gurcepe\u015fi tarixi\u015fi ar no\u0292\u0306ile gamak\u0306atu ren aya simada. Krist\u0306ianoba\u015f \u0292\u0306oxleni orapesti Gurcepe kort\u0306es aya kianas. No\u0292\u0306ireni komek\u00e7at; Gurcepe\u015fi Didi Mapa Parnavazik gedgeret\u0306u emindroneri iptineri Gurculi milluri\/ erovnuli oxen\u0292ale; tarixi\u015fi ketabepek e\u015fo ambarepe mom\u00e7apan; mara Krist\u0306iani va rt\u0306u Didi Mapa Parnavazi.\u00a0 Artneri Mapa Parnavazik iptineri Gurculi Alboniti \u0292\u0306opxeret\u0306u. And\u011faneri nd\u011fas; Gurcepe renan dido-religialoni milleti. Ortodoksi, K\u0306at\u0306olik\u0306i, Muslimani Gurcepe, Yahuduri religia\u015fen\u00a0 Gurcepe. Antepe\u015f gale, a\u00e7kva and\u011faneri nd\u011fas, Budizmi, Yahova\u015fi \u015faidoba steri religiape\u015fen Gurculi dobadonarepe korenan Gurcistanis. And\u011faneri nd\u011fas, xolo Krist\u0306iani Turkepe do Krist\u0306iani Arabepeti korenan kianas. Mtini gi\u0292\u0306vat na, dido- religialoni oqopimu i\u017eirinen mtel xalkepe\u015fi doloxe\u00a0 and\u011faneri nd\u011fas.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong>\u00a0Murat\u0306 Begi;\u00a0\u201cLazepe Gurcepe\u015fen moxtimeri ren,\u201d varna \u201cGurcepe Lazepe\u015fen moxtimeri ren.\u201d Mis a\u00e7kinen ki?! Amk\u0306ata p\u0306olemik\u0306epek \u00e7kineburi cumalobas mxuci va me\u00e7aps. And\u011faneri nd\u011fas \u00e7kin Turkiyes pskidurt. D\u011fa\u015fen d\u011fa\u015fa \u00e7kini minobape \u011furunan; \u00e7kini nenape \u011furunan. Mu\u00e7\u0306o p\u0306at do xes xe-ok\u0306ok\u0306limeri \u00e7kini minobape voskedinat; mu\u00e7\u0306o p\u0306at do \u00e7kini nenape voskedinat. Aya va ren p\u0306olit\u0306ik\u0306uri gagnapa, mara k\u0306ult\u0306uruli gagnapa. Tkvan muepe isimadept aya tema\u015fi jin?!<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i:<\/strong>\u00a0 Ti\u015fen k\u0306udeli\u015fa mati tkvani steri visimadep. Emk\u0306ata obarbalupek, up\u015fu\u00a0p\u0306olemik\u0306epek\u00a0\u00e7kar va numxcupan xalk\u0306epe\u015fi cumalobas. Spero\u015fi no\u00e7ali\u015fe\u015fi oras rt\u0306u; ma dido gopti Batumi\u015fen Mohaciri Gurci do Lazepe\u015fi ardido oput\u0306es. Am jur xalk\u0306i\u015fen o\u00e7ilu- okimocupe dido ren. Lazuri nena\u015fi ma\u011far\u011fale \u00e7ilik igureren Gurculi nena mk\u0306ule ora\u015fi doloxe. Artneri xali\u015fen gi\u0292\u0306vat; Lazepe\u015fa nisa mextimeri Gurci \u00e7ilikti Lazuri o\u011far\u011falus kogeo\u00e7\u0306k\u0306eren mk\u0306ule ora \u015fk\u0306ule.\u00a0 Cenazepe mutepe\u015fi, \u00e7\u0306andape mutepe\u015fi, \u015fenlu\u011fepe mutepe\u015fi, mevlidepe mutepe\u015fi iroras artikarti k\u0306ala i\u0292\u0306opxineren \u0292\u0306anape\u015fi morgvalis. Asti k\u0306arta xalk\u0306i artikarti k\u0306ala skidun a\u0292\u0306ineri oras. And\u011faneri nd\u011fas, Lazepe Gurcepe\u015fen moxtimeri renan varna \u00a0Gurcepe Lazepe\u015fen moxtimeri renan yado p\u0306olemik\u0306epeten\u00a0 obadu vardo, k\u0306ult\u0306uri \u00e7kini\u015fi oskedinu\u015fi gzalepe ogoru, nena \u00e7kini o\u00e7valu\u015fi gzalepe ogoru, antepe a\u011fani tasepes oguru\u015fi gzalepe ogoru doma\u00e7\u0306irnan. Emu\u015feniti xes xe me\u00e7ameri \u015furdoguriten oxandu\u015fi voret \u00e7kin.\u00a0 \u0130deolojepe gale meva\u015fkvat ak. Xalk\u0306i \u00e7kinis toli va u\u011fun namtini dik\u0306t\u0306at\u0306oruli simadape\u015fa; amk\u0306ata simadepe meva\u015fkvat do mohaciri p\u0306ap\u0306u\u015fp\u0306ap\u0306upe \u00e7kini\u015fi gono\u015finepes mancoba dopat; aya domiba\u011funan \u00e7kin.\u00a0 Moxtimeri mohacirepe\u015fi oxve\u0292\u0306upe gamavi\u011fit \u00e7kin ketabi\u015fi doloxe.\u00a0 Qini ok\u0306ok\u0306idinu\u015fi p\u0306eriodis \u00e7kinda dik\u0306t\u0306a- xveneri ar gagnapaten, entepek mohaciri va gamaxterenan; aya k\u0306aixe\u015fa i\u017eiren entepe\u015fi oxve\u0292\u0306upe\u015fenti. \u0130pti entepe\u015fi emindroneri xali\u015fen ambari mi\u011fut\u0306an do e\u015fo m\u00e7\u0306ipa\u015fa\u015fi b\u011far\u011falat. Lamtinala\u015fa anksi \u011fara k\u0306ala dodgitat\u015fi, xalk\u0306is tkvanda toli aqven.\u00a0 Oput\u0306epes goptit do ekoni ambarepe\u015fenti aya xali\u00a0 mskva\u015fa kob\u017eiropt \u00e7kin. Tkvan namtini Lazi do Gurci gamantanerepe\u015fi p\u0306olemik\u0306epe\u015fen mola\u015finapt, xalk\u0306is emk\u0306ata p\u0306olemik\u0306epe\u015fa toli \u00e7kar va u\u011fun.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Murat\u0306 Begi; namtini akonuri Gurci gamantanerepek, \u201cGurcepe do Lazepek yezdes Muslimanoba Osmanli\u015fi K\u0306ilici\u015fi zoriten,\u201d- ya tkumernan. Muepe gatkvenan amk\u0306ata ambarepe \u015feni?<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i<\/strong>: Entepe\u015fi amk\u0306ata simadape renan o\u015fke o\u015f\u0292\u0306anurape\u015fi dini\u015fi gagnapa\u015fi naqona; ma e\u015fo visimadeps. Gurcepe do Lazepek yezdes Muslimanoba k\u0306ilici\u015fi zoriten Osmanli\u015fi xe\u0292alas yado \u00e7kar tarixuri rabisk\u0306a va ren arkivepes. Aya idia\u015fi mancepek va \u011far\u011falapan arkivepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fen. Edo aya meseles hisiuri\/ emo\u0292iuri, ideolojiuri oxo\u0292\u0306onapaten menda\u0292\u0306k\u0306edupan amk\u0306ata k\u0306o\u00e7epek. Gurcepek edzes \u0130slamoba Osmanli\u015fi xe\u0292ala\u015fi \u0292\u0306oxleni orapesti; amk\u0306ata rabisk\u0306apeti gami\u00e7kvineri renan\u00a0 Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe coxoni ketabi\u015fi doloxe; amk\u0306ata rabisk\u0306apeti gamavi\u011fit \u00e7kin. Osmanli\u015fi xe\u0292ela\u015fen \u0292\u0306oxleni orapesti Muslimani Gurcepe\u015fen namtini k\u0306o\u00e7epe komexterenan do dibargerenan a\u0292\u0306ineri Sivasi do K\u0306ayseri steri no\u011fape\u015fa; amk\u0306ata arkivi\u015fi rabisk\u0306epete xes komi\u011funan \u00e7kin.\u00a0 Batumi do mu\u015fi gomorgvas skideri xalk\u0306i\u015fi \u0130slamizasyoni p\u0306rosesi ixor\u0292elinu Osmanli\u015fi xe\u0292alas. Osmanlik aya t\u0306erit\u0306orias mtelo xe gedvu\u015fk\u0306ule, ekoni nufusi ik\u0306oro\u0292xinu. Ekoni k\u0306oro\u0292xeri nufusi rt\u0306u didopeten Krist\u0306iani. (100) o\u015fi \u0292\u0306ana\u015fk\u0306ule, ekoni nufusi xolo ik\u0306oro\u0292xinu. Xolo Krist\u0306iani oput\u0306epe kort\u0306es ekoni t\u0306erit\u0306orias; entepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306apeti koren. Edoxolo, Osmanli\u015fi iri\u015fen menceloni p\u0306eriodi rt\u0306u eya. Osmanli\u015fi oxen\u0292ales ekoni xalk\u0306i me\u00e7\u0306irobaten Muslimani noktinu\u015fi p\u0306olit\u0306ik\u0306a u\u011fut\u0306u k\u0306on na, mteli Gurcistanis skideri Gurcepe do Lazepe Muslimani iqvasunt\u0306es. Kobuleti\u015fi gomorgva\u015fen a\u011fani Muslimani yado namtini k\u0306o\u00e7epe\u015fen moli\u015finen (1835) viton ovro o\u015fi do e\u00e7i do vit\u0306o xuti tari\u011foni defteris. Xvala Batumi do mu\u015fi gomargva vardo, no\u011fa Tbilisi do Guria\u015fi muxurepe\u015fenti mamguro Muslimani gamaxtimeri Gurci oca\u011fepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape komi\u011funan \u00e7kin arkivi \u00e7kinis; aya ambari ren\u00a0 (19.) vit\u0306o ma\u00e7xorani o\u015f\u0292\u0306anura\u015fi o\u015fkendape\u015fen. Osmanli\u015fi oxen\u0292alek Krist\u0306iani xalk\u0306is dido ma\u011fali\u00a0 xarci ak\u0306vandu, emu\u015feniti aya me\u00e7\u0306irobaten \u0130slamoba ezdu ekoni xalk\u0306ik yado tkumernan namtinepek. Aya ambariti mtini va ren; xilafi ren. \u0130ri\u015fen \u0292\u0306oxle, Gurcistani\u015fi gomorgva\u015fen k\u0306orobineri Osmanli\u015fi xarci ren tabala majura muxurepe\u015fen k\u0306orobineri xarcepe\u015fen. Ek\u0306onomi\u015fi mizeziten Muslimanoba ye\u00e7kindu ekoni t\u0306erit\u0306orias yado gamognapaps namtini k\u0306o\u00e7epekti; Osmanli\u015fi xe\u0292ala\u015fen \u0292\u0306oxleni ekoni xalk\u0306i\u015fen k\u0306orobineri xarcepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape do xolo emindroneri ekoni oput\u0306arepe\u015fi ek\u0306onomiuri xalepe\u015fen rabisk\u0306ape me\u00e7amu\u015fi renan amk\u0306ata k\u0306o\u00e7epe. Osmanli\u015fi xe\u0292ala do emu\u015fen \u0292\u0306oxleni ambarepe mutepe\u015fi oxodgeri gamognapan am k\u0306o\u00e7epek. Aya ambarepe mutepe\u015fi\u00a0 mtini renani, mtini va reni; aya solen oxovo\u0292\u0306onat?! Mara, Osmanli\u015fen \u0292\u0306oxleni Batumi do mu\u015fi gomorgva\u015fen k\u0306orobineri xarcepe\u015fi muk\u0306onoba do oput\u0306arepe\u015fi skidalape\u015fen ambaroni rabisk\u0306apeten \u00e7\u0306areli ar ketabi va gami\u00e7kvinu \u00e7kar miti \u015fk\u0306elen a\u0292\u0306i\u015fakis. Emk\u0306ata k\u0306o\u00e7epe\u015fi emk\u0306ata notkvamepe\u015fi odude ren ar Rusi jurnalist\u0306i\u015fi mcve\u015fi ambari. Am Rusi jurnalist\u0306i mendi\u00e7kvineren Batumi\u015fi gomorgva\u015fa \u0292aroba\u015fi Rusia\u015fi oras. Oput\u0306arepe\u015fen vogni aya ambari ma yado \u00e7\u0306areren am Rusi jurnalist\u0306ikti. Mara k\u0306aixe\u015fa mi\u00e7kit\u0306an, amk\u0306ata ambaris \u00e7kar tarixuri mtinoba va u\u011fun. Aya ren Sovyetistani\u015fi ora\u015fen genomskide ideolojiur- tarixuri zmona do gagnapa\u015fi naqona. Mara tkvan ga\u017eirenan eya gomorgva\u015fi oktala\u015fen ambaroni k\u0306arta rabisk\u0306a me\u00e7kineri p\u0306eriodepeten Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepes.\u00a0 Batumi do mu\u015fi gomorgva\u015fi \u0130slamizayoni\u015fen ambaroni ardido rabisk\u0306a komi\u011funan \u00e7kin. Gurci \u015eehidepeti kort\u0306es Yavuz Sultan Selimi\u015fi \u00c7aldirani\u015fi Seferi\u015fi oras. Batumi do mu\u015fi gomorgva\u015fi gayrimuslimepe\u015fi hak\u0306epeti o\u00e7valu \u015feni udodginu fermani ninc\u011foneren \u015fkaguri\u015fen. Gomorgva\u015fi xalk\u0306is xveneri p\u0306at\u0306inoba \u015feni, emk\u0306ata maktalepes k\u0306ai ge\u00e7inadveren do cezati me\u00e7eren Osmanli\u015fi \u015fkaguronuri oktalak. Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepe\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fen Gurcistani do Gurcepe coxoni ketabi \u00e7kinik amk\u0306ata dulyape\u015fen ambarepe me\u00e7aps. Emk\u0306ata k\u0306o\u00e7epe ok\u0306itxu\u015fi renan aya ketabi \u00e7kini. Arkivi\u015fi rabisk\u0306ape\u015fi teten o\u011far\u011falu ren iri\u015fen pelaperi dulya; emk\u0306ata k\u0306o\u00e7epe aya o\u00e7kinu\u015fi renan.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Murat\u0306 Begi; a\u011fani k\u0306ult\u0306uruli no\u00e7ali\u015fepe, noxvenepe, p\u0306rojepe gi\u011funani? \u00c7kinda a\u011fani surp\u0306rizepe gi\u011funani k\u0306ult\u0306uruli speros?<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i:<\/strong> \u0130ri\u015fen \u0292\u0306oxle Osmanli\u015fi Gurcepe coxoni ketabi \u00e7kini\u015fi mon\u017eineri do xampineri majurani gama\u00e7kva \u015feni vixandep ma a\u0292\u0306i. Aya ketabi \u00e7kini\u015fi Turkuli gama\u00e7kvati Gurculi gama\u00e7kvati gami\u00e7inu mk\u0306ule ora\u015fi doloxe do emu\u015feni. Milletik udodginu aya ketabi mak\u0306vans.\u00a0 Emu\u015feniti aya ketabi\u015fi mon\u017eineri do xampineri gama\u00e7kva astaxolo oxaziru minon ma. Gomorgva Ma\u00e7\u0306axeli \u015feni Ma\u00e7\u0306axeli Osmanli\u015fi Arkivepes coxoni p\u0306rest\u0306ijuli ar ketabi p\u0306\u0292\u0306opxup ma. Amu\u015f gale, aya emedeni ixazirinasunon gama\u00e7kvalu \u015feni mk\u0306ule ora\u015fi doloxe. Sup\u0306rizepe iqvasunonan, sup\u0306rizepe komi\u011fun tkvanda; e\u015fo matkven a\u0292\u0306i.\u00a0 Xolo arkivepe\u015fen esasoni dulyape oxvenus mevaqonop ma, \u0292\u0306oxle no\u011fa Artvini, uk\u0306a\u00e7xe no\u011fa Batumi\u015fi jin.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong>\u00a0Murat\u0306 Begi, ma \u015fukuri gi\u0292\u0306umert aya ok\u0306oxtvala \u015feni. Tkvan m\u00e7\u0306ipa\u015fa\u015fi k\u0306itxalepes nena gemiktirit. Tkvanti ginonan na, a\u0292\u0306i vo\u00e7odinat aya ok\u0306otkvala! Mara tkvan otkvalu\u015fi \u00e7kva mutu gi\u011funan na, eti mi\u0292\u0306vit. Allahik bere-bari k\u0306ala irote tkvan goxelan.<\/p>\n

Murat\u0306 K\u0306asap\u0306i:<\/strong> Ali \u0130hsan Begi, amk\u0306ata fursat\u0306i mom\u00e7it, ma emu\u015feni \u015fukuri gi\u0292\u0306umert. Notkvame \u00e7kimi ak\u0306onari ren. Allahik \u00e7kin iris oca\u011fepe \u00e7kini k\u0306ala xela, \u015fursa\u011foba, gin\u017ee skidala mom\u00e7an do iroras artimajura k\u0306ala\u00a0 dobdgitat do pelaperi no\u00e7ali\u015fepe gamavi\u011fat!<\/p>\n

+<\/p>\n

\u201c<\/strong>\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d7<\/strong> \u10d3\u10dd<\/strong> \u10e4\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8<\/strong> \u10dc\u10dd\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4<\/strong> \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e6\u10d0\u10d7<\/strong>!\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u10d2\u10dd\u10ec\u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0: \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u0444\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\/ \u10e1\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8. \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10db\u10e3 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10e4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc. \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ef\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8. \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e1. \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u201c\u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u201d. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 (2010) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1, \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 (2012) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\/ \u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8. \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e6\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d9\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10dc. (480) \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10dc\u10d4\u10e9\u10d8\u00a0 \u10d1\u10e3\u10e2\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10da\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e1. \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u201c93 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4.\u201d \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10e3 (2018) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1, \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e6\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0. \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc (832) \u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd \u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d4\u10e9\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d1\u10e3\u10e2\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8. \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10da\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e1. \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e5 \u10d3\u10dd\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u201c\u10ee\u10d8\u10ef\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u201d \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u0444\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8. \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u0444\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u0444\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10f2\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8\u10e6\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 (2014) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u201c\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1\u201d \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc (2012) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u201c\u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e6\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10ed\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u201d \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10d6\u10f2\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u0444. \u10d3\u10e0. \u0424\u10d0\u10f0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d9\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d8\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 (2017) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10e8\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u201c\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8, \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u201d \u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d3\u10e3\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10f2\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10e4\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10db\u10d0, \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc, \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e1\u10f2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc, \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4. \u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8)<\/p>\n

+<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8; \u10d8\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7! \u10e1\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7? \u10e1\u10dd \u10f2\u10d4\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7? \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e3 \u10dc\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7? \u10db\u10e3 \u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10e4\u10d7? \u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8? \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8? \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e3 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc? \u10d8\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10e9\u10d8\u10d7, \u10db\u10e3 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc!<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10e3\u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d8\u10ec\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7, \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10db\u10ed\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8; \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc. \u10db\u10d0 \u10f2\u10d4\u10e4\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d3\u10e3- \u10d2\u10f2\u10dd\u10da\u10e5\u10f2\u10dd\u10f2\u10d8\u10e1. \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d4\u10ed\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e1. \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d3\u10e3- \u10d2\u10f2\u10dd\u10da\u10e5\u10f2\u10dd\u10f2\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e8\u10e5\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10da\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10e1. \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u0424\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10d8\u10de\u10da\u10dd\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e7\u10e3 \u10db\u10d0. \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10dd\u10e1\u10f2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u0424\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10de\u10da\u10dd\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e7\u10e3 \u10db\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e1.\u00a0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10f2\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1, \u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0. \u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10dc \u10db\u10d0. \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10e3- \u10dd\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10ef\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc. \u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e8\u10e5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10ef\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10db\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8; \u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc, \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc (1877-1878 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8)\u00a0 93 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7.\u00a0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7. \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc. \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\/ \u10d3\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7? \u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10ef\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e3 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7? \u10d4\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1? \u10d0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1? \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4, \u10d3\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8? \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10e3 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8, \u10db\u10e3 \u10db\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc?<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. (93 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8) 1877-1878 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8-\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7. \u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd. \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10ee\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3 3\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10f2\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0.\u00a0 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e5 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d0\u10f2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc. \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d0\u10f2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10f0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d7\u10d6\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8. \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d8, \u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10dc \u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1.\u00a0 1921 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d9\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc, \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4 \u10f0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d7\u10d6\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10dc\u10eb\u10e6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4. \u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8, \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10da\u10e9\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc; \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10db\u10d0. \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10db\u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4. \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0; \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0. \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10dd\u10e6\u10da\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d4\u10d2\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4; \u10d1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8; \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d7. \u10d8\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u00a0 \u201c\u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u201d. \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10d1\u10d4\u10ef\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc, \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd, \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d7. \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc, \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10ef\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10ee\u10e3\u10ef\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d7. \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e1; \u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc. \u10d2\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1;\u00a0 \u10dd\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7?<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3; \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e5 \u10dd\u10e4\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10ee\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3 \u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u0444\u10d0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4, \u0424\u10d4\u10e1\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10de\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e5. \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e5 \u10d4\u10f2\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10e3. \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10ef\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc (50) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d4\u10e9\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4- \u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10d8\u10e0\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1, \u0424\u10d4\u10e1\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da- \u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10d4\u10db \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d4\u10e9\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4- \u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10de\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7. \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10eb\u10d8\u10dc (1200) \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4- \u10db\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10e3 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10e9\u10ee\u10e3 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3. \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d8\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1 \u10e5\u10dd\u10d2\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1, (2007) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10e8\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d2\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10e3\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10ea\u10ee\u10e3 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10d1\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0. (18) \u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd \u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10db\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10ea\u10ee\u10e3 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8, \u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3, \u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da- \u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4, \u10e4\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e5. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ef\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8, \u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d6\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e5\u10dd\u10d2\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7 (2007) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10e8\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10dd\u10e9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7 (2010) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ef\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e6\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d9\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10dc. \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e6\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e5\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10e9\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8; \u201c\u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u201d \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8! \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e5 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10dc. \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10e4\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e5\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc! \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10ef\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e5, \u10db\u10e3 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc! \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc, \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8? \u10db\u10e3\u10d9\u10dd \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4 \u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1? \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e5 \u10db\u10e3 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10db\u10e3\u0444\u10d7\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10f2\u10f2\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ef\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4, \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u0444\u10d4\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10dc\u10dd\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4 \u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3. \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc. \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc (6) \u10d0\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4, \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0. \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8, \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc (3) \u10e1\u10e3\u10db \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d4\u10eb\u10d8\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1, \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4, \u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, \u10ef\u10dd\u10e6\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d4\u10eb\u10d8\u10dc \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1. \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8 \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10ef\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10dc\u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4. \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d0\u10f0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4; \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc. \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10db\u10d8, \u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8, \u10f2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10e9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0, \u10d9\u10d0\u10de\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10f2\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8, \u10dd\u10e0\u10d3\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10e3\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10f2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1.\u00a0 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd\u10de\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1. \u10ee\u10d4\u10e8\u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10dc\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10e0- \u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4- \u10db\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10e3 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1. \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd\u10de\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10ef\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10f0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1.\u00a0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4. \u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc, \u10ef\u10d0\u10db\u10d4, \u10dc\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10da\u10d0, \u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4, \u10ee\u10d8\u10dc\u10ef\u10d8, \u10dd\u10ee\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4, , \u10e9\u10d4\u10e8\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8; \u10dc\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10dc\u10dd\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e5. \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, \u10e3\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10e3\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4, \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4 \u10dd\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1: \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10dc\u10e3\u10db\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10f2\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d4\u10ef\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\/ \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc; \u10d0\u10db\u10e5\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1. \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e3\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10ea\u10ee\u10e3 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e7\u10e3 \u10de\u10d0\u10de\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8; \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d7 \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7, \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7, \u10db\u10e3 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc! \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u00a0 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10e4\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1?\u00a0 \u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1? \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8? \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10db\u10e3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10dc?<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> 93 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10d4 \u10de\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0. \u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7; \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d9\u10d4\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d8\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10ef\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e5\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10df\u10d8\u10dc \u10dd\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10d5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0. \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4, \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10de\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10d1\u10e6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10ef\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc, (2012) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1.\u00a0 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10d2\u10dd\u10d5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u0444\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8; \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd (2012) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10de\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd (13) \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10e1\u10e3\u10db \u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u0444\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u00a0\u00a0 (2013) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10e1\u10e3\u10db \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e5 \u10d5\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10e3 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10f0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10df\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc 21 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 (2014) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1, \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10f0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1. \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u0444\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10dd\u10e4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 (2013) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10e1\u10e3\u10db \u10d3\u10dd (2014) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10e1 \u10e5\u10dd\u10d2\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e1\u10dd \u10dc\u10d0 \u10d2\u10dd\u10e4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8. \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u0444\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4, (2014) \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10d2\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1. \u0424\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e7\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0. \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3 (4) \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 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\u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10f2\u10d4\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10e3\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1.<\/p>\n

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\u10f2\u10e3\u10da\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10dc\u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1.\u00a0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc, \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d8\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4 \u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8;\u00a0 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3. \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0-\u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0.\u00a0 \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0-\u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4, \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0-\u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10e3; \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1. \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10de\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 1877-1878 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8-\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 (140.) \u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>: <\/strong>\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e5 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10dc; \u10f0\u10dd. \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10d8\u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc. \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8? \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc; \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8. \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e5 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e3 \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10e3?<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8, \u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7, \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10d8\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d8. \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e1\u10e3\/ \u10e5\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8, \u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 (\u10d9\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0) \u10d3\u10dd \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8, \u10ee\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0, \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8, \u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10e9\u10ee\u10d0, \u10e9\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d0, \u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8, \u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10dd, \u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10ef\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u0444\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1, 93 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1. \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e5\u10d0\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8; \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10d2\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7, \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10f2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e5\u10d0\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8. \u10db\u10d0 \u10df\u10d8\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4. \u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10ef\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10db\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10d3\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0.\u00a0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10df\u10d8\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10df\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10dc\u10d0\u10f0\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10e3\u0444\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4; 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\u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e0- \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1. \u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u0444\u10d8\/ \u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5; \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10db\u10d0. \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\/ \u10dd\u0444\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10df\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 (20.) \u10db\u10d0\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e8\u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d6\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e8\u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc (21.) \u10d4\u10e9\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e8\u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0. \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e8\u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d6\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e8\u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc\/ \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10df\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1. \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e5\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d6\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d8\u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\/ \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e8\u10dd \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d7\u10d8\u00a0 (20.) \u10db\u10d0\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e8\u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\/ \u10dd\u0444\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10df\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dd\u0444\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10df\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc, \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ef\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1? \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10e3\u10d3\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u00a0 \u201c\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc; \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u201d-\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u201c\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10e5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc; \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d8\u10da\u10da\u10d0 \u10e5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc!\u201d-\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc.\u00a0 \u10d4\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8- \u10d0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d6\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc?<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10e7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc, \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc; \u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10df\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10da\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1 \u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10e3\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3. \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10e5\u10f2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10f2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d8\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4. \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8, \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8, \u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10e5\u10f2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4; \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8. \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd-\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd \u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10ec\u10d9\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8,\u00a0 \u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8; \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e0\u10e3\u10de\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4. \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc, \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 (99) \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10dc\u10d4\u10e9\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10e9\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd \u10dc\u10e3\u0444\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8; 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\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8; \u201c\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc,\u201d \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0 \u201c\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc.\u201d \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10e5\u10d8?! \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ef\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10ee\u10e3\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1. \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7. \u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e6\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc; \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e6\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10db\u10e3\u10ed\u10dd \u10de\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d3\u10dd \u10ee\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4-\u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7; \u10db\u10e3\u10ed\u10dd \u10de\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d3\u10dd \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0. \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10e3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d7 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10df\u10d8\u10dc?!<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong>\u00a0 \u10d7\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4. \u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5, \u10e3\u10e4\u10e8\u10e3 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10dc\u10e3\u10db\u10ee\u10ef\u10e3\u10e4\u10d0\u10dc \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ef\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3; \u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10dd\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d0\u10db \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10e3- \u10dd\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10ef\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e5 \u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4. \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7; \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e5\u10d7\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e1 \u10e5\u10dd\u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4.\u00a0 \u10ef\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8, \u10ed\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d8\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10dc \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10e1, \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u00a0 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10f2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc\u00a0 \u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10e3 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd, \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3, \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e9\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3, \u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10dd\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3 \u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc.\u00a0 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10df\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e5. \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d9\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0; \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10de\u10e3\u10e8\u10de\u10d0\u10de\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0\u10d7; \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc.\u00a0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10ec\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4.\u00a0 \u10e7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d9\u10e2\u10d0- \u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc, \u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc; \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10ec\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8. \u10d8\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d7. \u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8, \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc.\u00a0 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10dd\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d4\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u00a0 \u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10d1\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10d7 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc. \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d7, \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d7\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8; \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5, \u201c\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10f2\u10d4\u10d6\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10ef\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d6\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc,\u201d- \u10f2\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10db\u10e3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8?<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10dd\u10e8\u10e5\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e8\u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0; \u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10e1. \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10f2\u10d4\u10d6\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10ef\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d6\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e1 \u10f2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd \u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10f0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\/ \u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10df\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10d9\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e4\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5. \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5 \u10d4\u10d3\u10d6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1\u10d7\u10d8; \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u00a0 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4; \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc. \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10ee\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d9\u10d0\u10f2\u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0; \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4 \u10ee\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc.\u00a0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e1\u10f2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e1. \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e5 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10dd \u10ee\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10e3\u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4, \u10d4\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10e3\u0444\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3. \u10d4\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10e3\u0444\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10e5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8. (100) \u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4, \u10d4\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10e3\u0444\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3. \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10e5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1; \u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d4\u10d3\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd, \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10ef\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10d4\u10f2\u10d0. \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ee\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e5\u10d7\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10e3 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0, \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1. \u10e5\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10f2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd 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\u10e1\u10d4\u0444\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10f2\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e9\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d3\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u0444\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10ef\u10e6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10e8\u10e5\u10d0\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8, \u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e5\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d4\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10ef\u10d4\u10d6\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e5\u10d0\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e5\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5. \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e5 \u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10f2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1. \u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8. \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10e3 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10e4\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10f2\u10d0; \u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8; \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4, \u10dc\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4, \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10df\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8? \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1?<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10ee\u10d0\u10db\u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4 \u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10ef\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8. \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e5 \u10e3\u10d3\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1.\u00a0 \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10ee\u10d0\u10db\u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10dd\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc \u10db\u10d0. \u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10df\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10de\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10e4 \u10db\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4, \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4. \u10e1\u10e3\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc, \u10e1\u10e3\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0; \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8.\u00a0 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10f2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10e3\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10e4 \u10db\u10d0, \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8, \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10df\u10d8\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d8\u10ec\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10ee\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8. \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e5\u10d7\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0, \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0! \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0, \u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d0\u10da\u10da\u10d0\u10f0\u10d8\u10e5 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4-\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d7\u10d4 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10dc.<\/p>\n

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Ali İhsan Aksamaz  (Ön açıklama: Bugünkü misafirim Murat Kasap. Uzun yıllardan beri, kendisini tanıyorum ve çalışmalarından da haberdarım. Murat Kasap, benim Aydın dostlarımdan. Yayımlanmış iki kitabı var. Bu kitaplarından biri, “Osmanlı Gürcüleri”. Bu kitabı, 2010’da, İstanbul’da yayımlandı. Kitap, 2012’de yeniden yayımlandı. Kitabının ilk baskısı Türkçe, diğer baskısı Gürcüce. Kitap, Gürcistan Dostluk Derneği tarafından yayımlandı. 480 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