{"id":18866,"date":"2021-03-25T17:04:49","date_gmt":"2021-03-25T22:04:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=18866"},"modified":"2021-03-25T17:06:43","modified_gmt":"2021-03-25T22:06:43","slug":"anadilimizi-kulturumuzu-adetlerimizi-bilelim-sk%cc%86u-nananena-k%cc%86ult%cc%86uri-adetepe-sk%cc%86uni-misk%cc%86urt%cc%86an","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/anadilimizi-kulturumuzu-adetlerimizi-bilelim-sk%cc%86u-nananena-k%cc%86ult%cc%86uri-adetepe-sk%cc%86uni-misk%cc%86urt%cc%86an\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cANAD\u0130L\u0130M\u0130Z\u0130, K\u00dcLT\u00dcR\u00dcM\u00dcZ\u00dc, ADETLER\u0130M\u0130Z\u0130 B\u0130LEL\u0130M!\u201d \u201c\u015eK\u0306U NANANENA, K\u0306ULT\u0306UR\u0130, ADETEPE \u015eK\u0306UN\u0130 M\u0130\u015eK\u0306URT\u0306AN.\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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(\u00d6n a\u00e7\u0131klama: Fatma Ba\u015fural, T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n emek\u00e7ilerinden; kitaplar\u0131, \u015fiirleri var. Fatma Ba\u015fural, babaannemin k\u00f6y\u00fcnden; e\u015fimin arkada\u015f\u0131 ve benim de ayn\u0131 okulda g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m meslekda\u015flar\u0131mdan. Kendisiyle Lazca bir s\u00f6yle\u015fi yapt\u0131m. Biyografisinden ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan konu\u015ftuk.\/ Go\u0292\u0306otkvala: And\u011faneri\u00a0 musafiri\/ sumari \u00e7kimi ren Fatma Ba\u015furali. Fatma Ba\u015furali ren \u00e7kineburi gamantanerepe\u015fen arteri. Hemi gamantaneri ren, hemiti magamantane. \u015eairi do ma\u00e7\u0306arale ren do jur gami\u00e7kvineri ketabiti ku\u011fun; e\u015fo mi\u00e7kin. Xolo otkvalu\u015fi vore ki, emu ren Yanivaturi; nandidi \u00e7kimi\u015fi; baba \u00e7kimi\u015fi nana\u015fi oput\u0306e\u015fen.\u00a0 Uk\u0306ule ma mamgure vort\u0306i\u015fi, rametli kimoci mu\u015fi\u015fi rest\u0306oranis vi\u00e7ali\u015feret\u0306i.<\/p>\n

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Aya rt\u0306u 1977 \u0292\u0306anas, no\u011fa Bakirkoyi\u015fi zo\u011fapicis geladgineri Milano coxoni rest\u0306oranis. A\u0292\u0306i k\u0306aixe\u015fa va m\u015funs mara, varna 1996 \u0292\u0306anas varna\u00a0 1997 \u0292\u0306anas\u00a0 t\u0306u, \u00e7kin ar n\u0292\u0306opulas vort\u0306it, juriti mamgurapale vort\u0306it ar n\u0292\u0306opulas. Ar k\u0306oleci rt\u0306u mara, coxo mu\u015fi va mek\u00e7aten.Uk\u0306ule xolo otkvalu\u015fi vore ki, Fatma Ba\u015fural ren \u00e7ili \u00e7kimi\u015fi xolosoni manebrape\u015fen arteri. Fatma Ba\u015furalik ketabepe \u00e7\u0306arups, \u015fiirepe \u00e7\u0306arups.Hemi Turkuli, hemiti Lazuri \u00e7\u0306areli \u015fiirepe ku\u011fun emus; e\u015fo mi\u00e7kin. Musik\u0306i\u015fati mera\u011fi ku\u011fun do ar musik\u0306uri cemiyeti\u015fi mudevimepe\u015fen ren. Mskva do axenguri sersi ku\u011fun. Fatma Ba\u015furali\u015fi maharetepe otkvaluten va i\u00e7oden. Ma, Fatma Ba\u015furali k\u0306ala b\u011far\u011fali. Aya ren \u00e7kini no\u011far\u011fale\u015fi\u00a0\u00a0 t\u0306ekst\u0306i. Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi)<\/p>\n

+<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong>: Fatma Xanumi, ipti biyografi tkvani\u015fen b\u011far\u011falat. Sonuri ret? Namu oput\u0306es dibadit, ye\u00e7kindit? Miepe\u015fen ret? Mi o\u011flepe\u015fi bere ret? Namu n\u0292\u0306opulapes, so igurit? Mi\u00e7kin, tkvan mamgurapale ret. Namu no\u011fapes i\u00e7ali\u015fit?<\/p>\n

Fatma Ba\u015furali<\/strong>: Ma Fatma Ayata Ba\u015furali.\u00a0 1940 -Rize Arta\u015feni dovibadi.<\/p>\n

Ayatape\u015fi bozo , (Alik\u0306ono\u011fli\u015fi) Ba\u015furalepe\u015fi nusa vore Yanivaturi (Bay\u0131rc\u0131k koyi).<\/p>\n

komoceri vort\u0306 i\u015fa ak\u0306ale yazma p\u0306t\u0306ori akale ketabi koloviyoni . Muellimi mektebi\u015fi imtixanepe amavti mezuni doviyi . Rize Kalkavanepe\u015fi mektebi\u015fa o\u00e7ali\u015fu\u00a0 komovi\u00e7\u0306\u00e7\u0306i .Otxo \u0292\u0306ana \u015fk\u0306ule \u0130st\u0306anboli\u015fa komofti. (1969) Sefakoy -So\u011futlu \u00c7e\u015fme. Vit\u0306t\u0306i\u00a0 ora hey vort\u0306 i ok\u0306a\u00e7xe Bak\u0131rkoy- Cengiz Topel ilkokul vit\u0306t\u0306i orati hey vort\u0306i .\u00a0 K\u0306o\u00e7i \u015fkimi hey vort\u0306i\u015fa i\u00e7odu. Emekli doviyi. \u00c7avu\u015fo\u011fli k\u0306ocejiti vit\u0306t\u0306i \u0292\u0306ana dovi\u00e7ali\u015fi.<\/p>\n

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Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Fatma Xanumi, berepe, motape giqonunani?\u00a0 So skidurt?<\/p>\n

Fatma Ba\u015furali<\/strong>: Ma \u00a0sum bere komiyonun\u00a0 ar bozo, cur bi\u00e7\u0306\u00e7\u0306i. Bi\u00e7\u0306epe \u0130st\u0306anboli i\u00e7ali\u015faman; bozo Marmarisi xen oxorepe ku\u011funan. Sum montana komiyonun . Cur bozo\u015fi bozope , arti bi\u00e7\u0306i\u015fi bi\u00e7\u0306\u00e7\u0306i bitum universit\u0306e \u017eitterinan. Bozomotalepe sa\u011fluk\u00e7inan<\/p>\n

Mati Umraniye Atakenti pxer .oxori \u015fkimi on. Montalepe \u015fk\u0306ala bi\u00e7\u0306\u00e7\u0306i \u015fk\u0306imi \u015fk\u0306ala \u00a0ko vore. Farzepe dovo\u00e7odi sunnetepe va p\u0306ik\u0306oti \u00a0iyen.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> A\u0292\u0306i mu k\u0306ult\u0306uruli akt\u0306ivit\u0306epe ikipt? Ma mi\u00e7kin, tkvan, \u015fairi ret. \u015eiirepe \u00e7\u0306arupt. Muepe \u00e7\u0306arupt? Ma mi\u00e7kin, tkvan ga\u00e7kvineri jur ketabi gi\u011funan. Juri-i varna juri\u015fen met\u0306a-i?<\/p>\n

Fatma Ba\u015furali<\/strong>: Umraniye\u015f komofti. Heko eveluri orta mektebi arkada\u015fi \u015fkimi Melahat Babalu\u011fi \u015fk\u0306ala kovi\u017eirit. Him vrosi \u015fairi on . 6 tane ketabi ku\u011fun. Mati on\u00e7\u0306aru kocevo\u00e7\u0306i. m\u00e7\u0306arumt\u0306i ama, ketabi va mi\u011furt\u0306u. Sum tane ketabi komi\u011fun<\/p>\n

Go\u015finapu\u015fi, eveluri orape\u015fi dugunepe ni\u015fanepe adetepe\u015fi . Na iyert\u0306u tutuni ,princi mdik\u0306a,\u00a0 arpa daha zadepe gurbet\u00e7ilu\u011fi sevdalu\u011fepe, ihanetepe, isyanepe m\u00e7\u0306ari. (\u201cOropa Zinciri Va cidven\u201d) (\u201c\u0130ni Mayu\u201d), arti (\u201cK\u0306oriddori\u201d). \u015eiirepe \u015fkimi toplumsali on.<\/p>\n

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Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Ma irk\u00e7i, razist\u0306i k\u0306o\u00e7i va vore mara, nananena ren beciti, muimi. K\u0306arta nena ren xvameri. Turkuli nenati, \u0130nglisuri nenati, Rusuli nenati, Lazuri nenati e\u015fo. Emu\u015feni ki, k\u0306o\u00e7inoba\u015fi iri\u015fen mcve\u015fi nok\u0306u\u00e7xenepe \u015finaxeri ren k\u0306arta nena\u015fi doloxe. Ar nena \u011fura\u015fi, k\u0306o\u00e7inobati \u011furun. Lazuri \u00e7kiniti \u00e7kineburi nananena ren. Tkvani nana\u015fi nena ren, \u00e7kimi baba\u015fi nananena ren. Mara d\u011fa\u015fen d\u011fa\u015fa Lazuri nena \u011furu. Emu\u015feni ki, Lazuri n\u0292\u0306opula va mi\u011fut\u0306es, Lazuri radio-\u00a0 t\u0306elevizyoni va mi\u011fut\u0306es, Lazuri gazeta va mi\u011fut\u0306es. A\u0292\u0306i skidun mara, a\u015fo ida\u015fi \u011furasen. \u00c7kin mu do mu\u00e7\u0306o p\u0306at do voskedinat Lazuri nena? Muepe gatkvenan?<\/p>\n

Fatma Ba\u015furali<\/strong>: Lazuri osinapu mu\u015fena i\u00e7oden \u015fk\u0306imi fikiri ; gencepe \u015fkuni galepe gulvan galeni no\u011famisa e\u00e7\u0306opuman, bi\u00e7\u0306\u00e7\u0306i \u00a0galeni\u015fa ulun. Orta\u011fi osinapu Lazuri \u00a0varon. Berepe ni\u015fiti Lazuri var asinapenan. \u015ekimi berepe Lazuri ku\u00e7kinan.<\/p>\n

Elalemi\u015fi nena \u015fena dunya para me\u00e7aman.\u00a0 \u015ek\u0306u nana nena, k\u0306ult\u0306uri, adetepe \u015fk\u0306uni mi\u015fk\u0306urt\u0306an.<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> K\u0306arta nena ren xvameri. Dunya\u015fi mtel nenape, \u00e7kini ren. \u00c7kin k\u0306ai dobadonarepe\/ vatanda\u015fepe voret. Devletis vergi mep\u00e7at; askerlu\u011fi\u015fi xizmeti vikipt. Kurtulu\u015fi\u015fi Harbisti \u015furdoguriten vi\u00e7ali\u015fit mara, Lazuri nenas \u00e7kar xak\u0306k\u0306i va aqu. Emindros e\u015fo rt\u0306u, a\u0292\u0306i mutu va maxvenen. Mara a\u0292\u0306i\u015fk\u0306ule, muepe maxvenenan Lazuri nena\u015fi oskidu \u015feni? Mesela; TRT\u0306-s Lazuri nenaten k\u0306anali va u\u011fun, mara TRT\u0306-k Kurduli koren do \u00e7\u0306andinaps 7\/24. \u00c7kin mu p\u0306at do TRT\u0306-k Lazuri nenatenti \u00e7\u0306andinas? Tkvan mu isimadept?<\/p>\n

Fatma Ba\u015furali<\/strong>: Lazeburi TRT\u0306\u00a0 \u015fe na it\u0306t\u0306ur do\u011fru on . Hak\u0306k\u0306i \u015fk\u0306uni oren \u015fku irk\u00e7ilu\u011fi va vikumt. Nananena \u015fkuni moy gondunurt\u0306ay . Ma dovibadi \u00e7i, Lazca dolomisinapey, cari Lazuri bgorit. A t\u0306elevizyoni mi\u011furt\u0306ek\u0306oy muiyasen .<\/p>\n

Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi:<\/strong> Ma dido \u015fukuri gi\u0292\u0306umert. Allahik bere-bari motape k\u0306ala p\u0306anda goxelan. Tkvan otkvalu\u015fi ba\u015fka mut gi\u011funan na, eti mi\u0292\u0306vit, mu iqven. n\u0292a\u015fa extit do ixelit!<\/p>\n

Fatma Ba\u015furali<\/strong>: Domoskudun \u00a0orapeti k\u0306ult\u0306 uruli(edebiyati\u015fi) toplantepe\u015fa \u00a0vulur. Muzik\u0306i ot\u0306ra\u011fudu\u015fa vulur . Yurdi gale,yurdi \u00a0\u00a0doloxe golvape vikum.<\/p>\n

On\u00e7\u0306arupe \u015fk\u0306imi\u00a0 dergipe gamulun. \u00a0Arti dido yardumi derne\u011fepe kuruci vii . 2007 se\u00e7imi ora Ya\u015far Nuri\u015fi p\u0306art\u0306i Rize milletvekili\u015fi adayi viyi dort\u0306 un . Daha mutonpe kon, ama hakku duba\u011fun.<\/p>\n

+<\/p>\n

\u201c<\/strong>\u10e8\u10d9\u10e3<\/strong> \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0<\/strong>, <\/strong>\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8<\/strong>, <\/strong>\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4<\/strong> \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8<\/strong> \u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong>.<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u10d2\u10dd\u10ec\u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0: \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u00a0 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u0444\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\/ \u10e1\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u0424\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8. \u0424\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8. \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc, \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4. \u10e8\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc; \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc. \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d8, \u10d4\u10db\u10e3 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10f2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8; \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8; \u10d1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc.\u00a0 \u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10da\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10ef\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 1977 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1, \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e0\u10e5\u10dd\u10f2\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d6\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10ef\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10e8\u10e3\u10dc\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0 1996 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u00a0 1997 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u00a0 \u10e2\u10e3, \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7, \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10ef\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10ef\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10e9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc.\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d8, \u0424\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8. \u0424\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e5 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e4\u10e1, \u10e8\u10d8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e4\u10e1.\u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e1; \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc. \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc. \u0424\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d5\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc. \u10db\u10d0, \u0424\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8\u00a0\u00a0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8. \u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8)<\/p>\n

+<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u0424\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10db\u10d8, \u10d8\u10e4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u0444\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d7. \u10e1\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7? \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e3 \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7, \u10f2\u10d4\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7? \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7? \u10db\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e6\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7? \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e3 \u10dc\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1, \u10e1\u10dd \u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7? \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc, \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7. \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e3 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10d7?<\/p>\n

\u0424<\/strong>\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong>: <\/strong>\u10db\u10d0 \u0424\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8.\u00a0 1940 -\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10f2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10dd\u10d6\u10dd , (\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8) \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10e3\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10f2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 (\u10d1\u10d0\u10f2\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10e5 \u10e5\u10dd\u10f2\u10d8).\u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2 \u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10f2\u10d0\u10d6\u10db\u10d0 \u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 . \u10db\u10e3\u10d4\u10da\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d8 . \u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10e5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10e3\u00a0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10ed\u10ed\u10d8 .\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u0444\u10d7\u10d8. (1969) \u10e1\u10d4\u0444\u10d0\u10e5\u10dd\u10f2 -\u10e1\u10dd\u10e6\u10e3\u10d7\u10da\u10e3 \u10e9\u10d4\u10e8\u10db\u10d4. \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10e2\u10d8\u00a0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0 \u10f0\u10d4\u10f2 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2 \u10d8 \u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e0\u10e5\u10dd\u10f2- \u10ef\u10d4\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10d6 \u10d7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10da \u10d8\u10da\u10e5\u10dd\u10e5\u10e3\u10da \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10e2\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d4\u10f2 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8 .\u00a0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d4\u10f2 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e9\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3. \u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d8. \u10e9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e3\u10e8\u10dd\u10e6\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10ef\u10d4\u10df\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10e2\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 .<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u0424\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10db\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4, \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8?\u00a0 \u10e1\u10dd \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7?<\/p>\n

\u0424<\/strong>\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10d0 \u00a0\u10e1\u10e3\u10db \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10dc\u00a0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d1\u10dd\u10d6\u10dd, \u10ef\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10ed\u10ed\u10d8. \u10d1\u10d8\u10ed\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc; \u10d1\u10dd\u10d6\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10e1\u10e3\u10db \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10dc . \u10ef\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d1\u10dd\u10d6\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10dd\u10d6\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4 , \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10ed\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10ed\u10ed\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10e3\u10db \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4 \u10eb\u10d8\u10d7\u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d1\u10dd\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10e3\u10e5\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e4\u10ee\u10d4\u10e0 .\u10dd\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10dd\u10dc. \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10ed\u10ed\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d9\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u00a0\u10e5\u10dd \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4. \u0424\u10d0\u10e0\u10d6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10dd\u10e9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e3\u10dc\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10d7\u10d8 \u00a0\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>: <\/strong>\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10e4\u10d7? \u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc, \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc, \u10e8\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d7. \u10e8\u10d8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7. \u10db\u10e3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7? \u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc, \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8-\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0-\u10d8?<\/p>\n

\u0424<\/strong>\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10e3\u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u0444\u10d7\u10d8. \u10f0\u10d4\u10e5\u10dd \u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10f0\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10e5\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7. \u10f0\u10d8\u10db \u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10dc . 6 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc. \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10dd\u10dc\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3 \u10e5\u10dd\u10ef\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10ed\u10d8. \u10db\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10db\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d0, \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10e0\u10e2\u10e3. \u10e1\u10e3\u10db \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc<\/p>\n

\u10d2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e3\u10d2\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 . \u10dc\u10d0 \u10d8\u10f2\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10e3 \u10d7\u10e3\u10d7\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8 ,\u10e4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ef\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0,\u00a0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e4\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10f0\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4, \u10d8\u10f0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4, \u10d8\u10e1\u10f2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8. (\u201c\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d8\u10dc\u10ef\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10ef\u10d8\u10d3\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u201d) (\u201c\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10f2\u10e3\u201d), \u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 (\u201c\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d3\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u201d). \u10e8\u10d8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10d7\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10dd\u10dc<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10db\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e0\u10e5\u10e9\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10d4\u10ef\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8, \u10db\u10e3\u10d8\u10db\u10d8. \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8. \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8, \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8, \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8, \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd. \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8, \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10e9\u10ee\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4. \u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d9\u10dd\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e6\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc. \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e6\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3. \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8, \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10ec\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10da\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1, \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10dd-\u00a0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d6\u10f2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1, \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e8\u10dd \u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc. \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10db\u10e3 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10ed\u10dd \u10de\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10dd\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0? \u10db\u10e3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc?<\/p>\n

\u0424<\/strong>\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc \u10e8\u10d9\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u0444\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 ; \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10ef\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10e5\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d4\u10ed\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d1\u10d8\u10ed\u10ed\u10d8 \u00a0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d0 \u10e3\u10da\u10e3\u10dc. \u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u00a0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc. \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc. \u10e8\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e3\u10dc\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc.\u00a0 \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3 \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong> \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8. \u10d3\u10e3\u10dc\u10f2\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4, \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\/ \u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7. \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10e9\u10d0\u10d7; \u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10e4\u10d7. \u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10d9\u10d9\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e7\u10e3. \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e8\u10dd \u10e0\u10e2\u10e3, \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc. \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4, \u10db\u10e3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8? \u10db\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d0; \u10d7\u10e0\u10e2-\u10e1 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e0\u10e2-\u10e5 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10ed\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1 7\/24. \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc \u10db\u10e3 \u10de\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d7\u10e0\u10e2-\u10e5 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10ed\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1? \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10e3 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d7?<\/p>\n

\u0424<\/strong>\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e0\u10e2\u00a0 \u10e8\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e2\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10e6\u10e0\u10e3 \u10dd\u10dc . \u10f0\u10d0\u10d9\u10d9\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10e8\u10e5\u10e3 \u10d8\u10e0\u10e5\u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e5\u10e3\u10db\u10d7 . \u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e8\u10e5\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f2 \u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10e3\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10f2 . \u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d8, \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10ef\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10f2, \u10ef\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d0 \u10e2 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d6\u10f2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10f2 \u10db\u10e3\u10d8\u10f2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc .<\/p>\n

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\u0424<\/strong>\u10d0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0<\/strong> \u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10e5\u10e3\u10d3\u10e3\u10dc \u00a0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2 \u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8(\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8) \u10d7\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0 \u00a0\u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10e3\u10e0. \u10db\u10e3\u10d6\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e6\u10e3\u10d3\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 . \u10f2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4,\u10f2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8 \u00a0\u00a0\u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4 \u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e5\u10e3\u10db.<\/p>\n

\u10dd\u10dc\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d9\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u00a0 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10e3\u10dc. \u00a0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd \u10f2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e6\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10ef\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10d8 . 2007 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e9\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0 \u10f2\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10f2\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10f2\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2 \u10e3\u10dc . \u10d3\u10d0\u10f0\u10d0 \u10db\u10e3\u10d7\u10dd\u10dc\u10e4\u10d4 \u10e5\u10dd\u10dc, \u10d0\u10db\u10d0 \u10f0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e5\u10e3 \u10d3\u10e3\u10d1\u10d0\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ali İhsan Aksamaz    (Ön açıklama: Fatma Başural, Türk Edebiyatının emekçilerinden; kitapları, şiirleri var. Fatma Başural, babaannemin köyünden; eşimin arkadaşı ve benim de aynı okulda görev yaptığım meslekdaşlarımdan. Kendisiyle Lazca bir söyleşi yaptım. Biyografisinden ve çalışmalarından konuştuk.\/ Goʒ̆otkvala: Andğaneri  musafiri\/ sumari çkimi ren Fatma Başurali. Fatma Başurali ren çkineburi gamantanerepeşen arteri. Hemi gamantaneri ren, hemiti […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[135],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18866","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yazarlar-ali-ihsan-aksamaz-laz-kulturu","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18866","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18866"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18866\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18871,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18866\/revisions\/18871"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18866"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18866"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18866"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}