{"id":1965,"date":"2019-02-22T14:14:03","date_gmt":"2019-02-22T14:14:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=1965"},"modified":"2019-02-22T14:14:03","modified_gmt":"2019-02-22T14:14:03","slug":"cerkes-kimdir-adige-kimdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/cerkes-kimdir-adige-kimdir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7ERKES K\u0130MD\u0130R, AD\u0130GE K\u0130MD\u0130R?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dr. YED\u0130C Bat\u0131ray \u00d6zbek
\n<\/strong><\/span>01.12.2010<\/p>\n

Son g\u00fcnlerde bu konu \u00fczerinde gereksiz tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyuyoruz. Gereksiz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7erkes ile Adige s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinin literat\u00fcrde kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu iki teriminin ayn\u0131 bir halk i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

Gerhard Deeter 1958 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan (Bonn Y\u0131ll\u0131klar\u0131) adl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n 60. sayfas\u0131nda \u2018\u00c7erkeslerin Milli Adlar\u0131\u2019 ad\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki makalesinde \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r. Cenevizli Seyyah Giorgi \u0130nteriano 15.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yars\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r: Taman yar\u0131madas\u0131nda Adigeler ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bu ad\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde di\u011fer t\u00fcm Adigelerde kullanmaktad\u0131rlar. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi Adige kelimesi anlam\u0131 ve kapsam\u0131yla \u00c7erkes s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkes s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kayna\u011f\u0131
\n<\/b>
\n\u00c7erkes s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kayna\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli bilgiler verilmektedir. \u00c7erkesler hakk\u0131nda ilk bilgiler M\u00d6 5. y\u00fczy\u0131la ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Herodot’un \u2018Suhai\u2019 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc daha sonraki Zugi<\/b> (Zuhi=\u0130nsan) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle ayn\u0131 anlamda kullan\u0131l\u0131rken bu s\u00f6zc\u00fckler g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u2018\u00c7erkes\u2019 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle e\u015f anlamda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Xenephon<\/b> M\u00d6 2. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Skylax ”Kerket<\/b>” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131l\u0131rken daha sonra Strabonlardan (Cercetea =Sersetea) s\u00f6z etmektedir. G\u00fcrc\u00fc kaynaklar\u0131nda \u2018Kavkazi<\/b>\u2019 kullan\u0131l\u0131rken kendi kendilerini \u2018Zihi<\/b>\u2019 ile tan\u0131ml\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

MS.10 y\u00fczy\u0131lda ilk defa \u2018Adige\u2019 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Adige s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn anlam\u0131 da bilinmemektedir. G\u00f6k\u00e7e (1979:7) Adige s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r: ”\u00c7erkes diye y\u00fcksek mevkilere gelen Adigelere derlerdi<\/b>\u2019’. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mda yeterli olmamaktad\u0131r. Adige halk etimolojisinde ise anlam\u0131 ”\u00fcst\u00fcn”d\u00fcr. Hatta \u2018biz g\u00fcne\u015fin huzmelerinden do\u011fduk\u2019 denmektedir.<\/p>\n

Alman bilim adam\u0131 Eichwald (1838:356) g\u00f6re Bizans yazar\u0131 Chalcocondylas 15. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Zarkassen<\/b> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kullanmaktad\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kla \u00c7erkes s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu kelimeden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Araplar \u2018’Kerkes<\/b>‘\u2019, Cenevizliler ‘\u2019Kirkasi<\/b>‘\u2019 kelimesini kullan\u0131r. \u00dcnl\u00fc Kafkasolog A. Dirr (1908:206) \u00c7erkes s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn antik devirde kullan\u0131lan \u2018’Kerket<\/b>\u2019’ten t\u00fcretildi\u011fine inanmaktad\u0131r. Yine Dirr pm 54. cilt, 204-212 sayfalar\u0131nda \u2018’G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Kafkas Halklar\u0131n\u0131n Adlar\u0131’\u2018 adl\u0131 makalesinde Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle gururland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1. Grup: <\/b>G\u00fcrc\u00fc, Las, Mengrel ve Svaanlar
\n2. Grup: <\/b>Abazalar, \u00c7erkesler ve Wub\u0131hlar.
\n3. Gurup: <\/b>\u00c7e\u00e7enler ve Lezgiler<\/p>\n

Dirr bu gururland\u0131rmay\u0131 yapt\u0131ktan sonra Abaza ve \u00c7erkesleri bizlere tan\u0131tmak amac\u0131yla Abazalar\u0131 ve \u00c7erkesleri ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 incelemektedir. Tatarca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ”ba\u015fkesen<\/b>” anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Ruslarla birlikte 1860’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Adigelere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fan Almanya’n\u0131n Prusya prensi Albrecht von Preusen ise \u00c7erkes s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kahraman ve yi\u011fit ki\u015filer i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkes s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kapsam\u0131 da genelde sadece Adige dillerini kullanan halklar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Kafkasologu Dr. A. Dirr 1908 y\u0131l\u0131nda Petermanns M\u0131tte\u0131lungen dergisinin 54. cildinin 206. sayfas\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r: Adigece konu\u015fan bir \u00e7ok Adige kabileleri i\u00e7ine alan Tscherkess (Circassian) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr. Hemen hemen t\u00fcm Kafkasologlar; (Lopatinski, Ljulje gibi) Adige e\u015fittir \u00c7erkes denklemini kabullenmi\u015flerdir. Dil bilimciler ve etnologlar \u00c7erkes ile Adige’yi ayn\u0131 halk i\u00e7in kullan\u0131rken, politik ve belerestik literat\u00fcrde t\u00fcm kuzey Kafkaslarda ya\u015fayan halklar\u0131 bu tan\u0131m ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplamaktad\u0131rlar.<\/b><\/p>\n

Gelelim Adige ya da Verq xabzeye.
\n<\/b>
\nAdige halk\u0131n\u0131n tarih boyunca geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve herkesin uymas\u0131 gereken davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imlerine xabze denilmektedir. G\u00fcrc\u00fc biliminsan\u0131 Naira Gelachwili, xabze di\u011fer Kafkas halklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda da ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Ancak en ince teferruatlara kadar tatbik edenler \u00c7erkeslerdir demi\u015ftir. ”Cennet Bir \u00dclke Harabe \u0130\u00e7inde Berlin 1993” adl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n 13. sayfas\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r: ‘\u2019Kafkas halklar\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00c7erkesler en kat\u0131 ve detayl\u0131 gelenekleri geli\u015ftirmi\u015flerdir. Geleneklerine g\u00f6re ela\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, cesaret, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na yard\u0131m ve insanl\u0131k temel esaslar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zellikler bir werkin uymas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi geleneklerdir. Mal m\u00fclk sahibi olmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zenginlik ve zenginli\u011fini g\u00f6stermeyi ay\u0131p sayarlard\u0131. Werk kendi e\u015fya ve mallar\u0131n\u0131 akraba, dost ve misafirlere hediye ederdi. Hediye vermek ve da\u011f\u0131tmak ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n temel ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil etmektedir. Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fle u\u011fra\u015fmak, pazarl\u0131k yapmak \u00e7ok ay\u0131p sayarlard\u0131. Bu Adige xabzeler, \u015eota Rustaveli’nin ”Kaplan Derili Kaplan” adl\u0131 poeminde de i\u015flemektedir.<\/p>\n

\u2019Saklarsan yitirirsin. Hediye verirsen kazan\u0131rs\u0131n.\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dr. YEDİC Batıray Özbek 01.12.2010 Son günlerde bu konu üzerinde gereksiz tartışmaların yapıldığını duyuyoruz. Gereksiz, çünkü Çerkes ile Adige sözcüklerinin literatürde kullanılışı bu iki teriminin aynı bir halk için kullanıldığını görüyoruz. Gerhard Deeter 1958 yılında yayınlanan (Bonn Yıllıkları) adlı yapıtının 60. sayfasında ‘Çerkeslerin Milli Adları’ adı altındaki makalesinde şöyle yazmaktadır. Cenevizli Seyyah Giorgi İnteriano 15.yüzyılın […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yazarlar-dr-yedic-batirat-ozbek","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1965","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1965"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1965\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1966,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1965\/revisions\/1966"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}