{"id":2180,"date":"2019-02-22T17:49:35","date_gmt":"2019-02-22T17:49:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=2180"},"modified":"2019-02-22T17:49:35","modified_gmt":"2019-02-22T17:49:35","slug":"hangisi-daha-caydirici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/hangisi-daha-caydirici\/","title":{"rendered":"HANG\u0130S\u0130 DAHA CAYDIRICI?"},"content":{"rendered":"

TLETSERUK Nahit Serbes<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/span> 20<\/span><\/span>.06.<\/span>201<\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bir \u00f6\u011frenci arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kalemini \u201cal\u0131p\u201d \u00e7antas\u0131na koyar; ama arkada\u015f\u0131 bunu fark edince \u00f6\u011fretmene \u015fik\u00e2yet eder. \u00d6\u011fretmen de \u00f6\u011frencinin babas\u0131n\u0131 okula \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. Baba durumu \u00f6\u011frendi\u011finde o\u011fluna \u00e7ok k\u0131zar. Eve d\u00f6nerlerken o\u011fluna der ki: \u201cVallahi seni hi\u00e7 anlam\u0131yorum. Neden arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kalemini al\u0131yorsun ki? Benden iste, sana \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m yerden onlarca kalem getireyim.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sizce bir insan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden evine kalem “g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesiyle” bir \u00f6\u011frencinin arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kalemini “almas\u0131” farkl\u0131 \u015feyler midir? Bu ikisi farkl\u0131 d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck tan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7ine girer mi?<\/p>\n

Bir i\u015fyerinden bir kalem almak \u00e7o\u011fu insan i\u00e7in h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k tan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7ine girmez. \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fumuz i\u00e7in i\u015fyerlerinin bu t\u00fcr imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n ki\u015fisel olarak kullanaca\u011f\u0131 kaynaklard\u0131r. Sanki bunlar\u0131 al\u0131p eve g\u00f6t\u00fcrmek o i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n hakk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fru olan nedir? Hangisi d\u00fcr\u00fcst\u00e7e, hangisi d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir davran\u0131\u015f?<\/p>\n

Hepimiz kendimizi d\u00fcr\u00fcst, etraf\u0131 ise sahtek\u00e2r g\u00f6rme e\u011filimindeyiz. Ama neredeyse hepimiz \u201cbeyaz yalanlar\u201d s\u00f6ylemekten, hakl\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in sebepler icat etmekten, baz\u0131 masum hileler yapmaktan kendimizi alamay\u0131z.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan\u0131n hileye e\u011filimi bilindi\u011fi i\u00e7in, devlet neyin su\u00e7 oldu\u011funu kanunlarla tan\u0131ml\u0131yor ve yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 koyarak insanlar\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015flemekten cayd\u0131rmak istiyor.<\/p>\n

Kazanma iste\u011fi pek \u00e7ok insan i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131 koyulamaz bir arzudur. Bir\u00e7ok deney, en masum insanlar\u0131n bile kazanmak ad\u0131na hileye ba\u015fvurduklar\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Hileyi engelleme konusunda ay\u0131p kavram\u0131 kanun ve kurallar kadar hatta onlardan bile daha etkili.<\/p>\n

Filozof Benedict\u2019e g\u00f6re Bat\u0131 toplumlar\u0131 \u201csu\u00e7 toplumlar\u0131\u201d, Do\u011fu toplumlar\u0131 ise \u201cay\u0131p toplumlar\u0131d\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cAy\u0131p toplumlar\u0131nda” esas olan ki\u015finin kendi \u00e7evresinin neyi do\u011fru ya da neyi yanl\u0131\u015f olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu toplumlarda “ay\u0131p bask\u0131s\u0131” kanunlar\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131ndan daha \u00f6nemlidir. E\u011fer insanlar\u0131 hileden al\u0131koyacak bir g\u00fc\u00e7 varsa bu “ay\u0131p ” korkusudur.<\/p>\n

Xabze toplumu \u201cay\u0131p toplumudur”. \u201cAy\u0131p toplumlar\u0131nda\u201d insanlar sosyal \u00e7evreleri taraf\u0131ndan reddedilme ya da alaya al\u0131nma korkusu i\u00e7inde ya\u015farlar. Bir yanl\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131klar\u0131nda, tek umutlar\u0131 bunun yak\u0131n \u00e7evreleri taraf\u0131ndan fark edilmemesidir.<\/p>\n

Yale gibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en sayg\u0131n \u00fcniversitesinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 deneylerde, d\u00fcr\u00fcst olan insanlar\u0131n bile \u00f6nlerine f\u0131rsat \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bir miktar hile yapmakta sak\u0131nca g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

New York Times’\u0131n kitaplar\u0131 \u00e7ok satan yazar\u0131 Dan Ariely; dindar olman\u0131n ya da olmaman\u0131n hile yapmay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ediyor. Fakat kendilerine dini kurallar hat\u0131rlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda insanlar daha az hileye ba\u015fvuruyorlar. S\u0131navdan \u00f6nce kutsal kitap \u00fczerine yemin ettirmek kopya \u00e7ekenlerin oran\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Demek ki dini ya da ahlaki kurallar\u0131 insanlara bir kere \u00f6\u011fretip onlar\u0131n bu kurallara \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu uymalar\u0131n\u0131 beklemek bo\u015f bir u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Her davran\u0131\u015ftan \u00f6nce kurallar\u0131 hat\u0131rlatan uyar\u0131lar yapmak daha etkili. Mahkemelerde \u015fahitlerin do\u011fruyu s\u00f6yleyeceklerine dair yemin etmeleri bo\u015funa koyulmu\u015f bir kural de\u011fil. Do\u011fru davranmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in insanlara her seferinde do\u011fruyu hat\u0131rlatmak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

“Bat\u0131 toplumlar\u0131nda” kanunlarla, Do\u011fu toplumlar\u0131nda ise\u201cay\u0131playarak\u201d su\u00e7u \u00f6nleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Bizim toplum olarak hangi davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n \u201cay\u0131p\u201d oldu\u011funu yeniden tan\u0131mlamam\u0131z gerekti\u011fine inan\u0131yorum. Mesela trafikte emniyet \u015feridine girmenin su\u00e7 oldu\u011funu biliyoruz; ama bu su\u00e7 yayg\u0131n olarak i\u015fleniyor. Peki, bunu \u201cay\u0131p\u201d olarak kabul etsek sonu\u00e7lar de\u011fi\u015fir mi? Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olur muyuz? Bence oluruz. Bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 “kurnazl\u0131k” de\u011fil de “ay\u0131p” olarak kabul etti\u011fimiz g\u00fcn \u00e7ok yol kat etmi\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131z. Ben Xabze toplumunda ay\u0131p bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n devlet bask\u0131s\u0131ndan daha cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yorum. (1)<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span> (1) Kaynak: Temel Aksoy<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TLETSERUK Nahit Serbes 20.06.2012 Bir öğrenci arkadaşının kalemini “alıp” çantasına koyar; ama arkadaşı bunu fark edince öğretmene şikâyet eder. Öğretmen de öğrencinin babasını okula çağırır. Baba durumu öğrendiğinde oğluna çok kızar. Eve dönerlerken oğluna der ki: “Vallahi seni hiç anlamıyorum. Neden arkadaşının kalemini alıyorsun ki? Benden iste, sana çalıştığım yerden onlarca kalem getireyim.” Sizce bir 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