{"id":23491,"date":"2022-02-20T11:14:52","date_gmt":"2022-02-20T17:14:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=23491"},"modified":"2022-02-20T11:19:16","modified_gmt":"2022-02-20T17:19:16","slug":"tehapse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/tehapse\/","title":{"rendered":"TEHAP\u015e’E"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00c7etawe \u0130brahim<\/strong><\/p>\n

Halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n uzun ve eski tarihini dikkate ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyat d\u00f6nemi k\u0131sa bir zaman dilimini kapsar. \u00dc\u00e7 \u00c7erkes cumhuriyetinin kurulu\u015flar\u0131 bu sene 100. y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 doldurdu\u011funa g\u00f6re yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131 bundan bir miktar daha k\u0131sad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Eski feodal ya\u015fam, Sovyetlerin kurulu\u015funda meydana gelen k\u0131z\u0131l-beyaz i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131, kom\u00fcnizmin kurulu\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131 \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve k\u00f6y ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00c7erkes yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n belli ba\u015fl\u0131 konular\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Rus-Kafkas sava\u015flar\u0131 Sovyetler\u2019in son y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren edebiyat\u0131m\u0131zda yer edinebilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7erkes halk\u0131nda \u015fehirle\u015fme son y\u0131llar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011fundan bu konu edebiyata hen\u00fcz yeterli bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131mam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkes dilindeki baz\u0131 kelime ve kavramlar\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tek kelime ile vermek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Mesela qa\u015fen, pselh\u0131xhu, thamate gibi kelimeleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bir iki c\u00fcmleyle a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz. Tehap\u015f’e (\u0422\u0435\u0445\u044c\u0430\u043f\u04491\u044d) kelimesinin de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e tek kelimelik bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ben bulamad\u0131m. \u00c7erkes\u00e7e-Rus\u00e7a s\u00f6zl\u00fckte tehap\u015f’e tek bir Rus\u00e7a kelime ile anlat\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f, bunun i\u00e7in uzun bir c\u00fcmle kurulmu\u015ftur. S\u00f6zl\u00fckte tehap\u015f’e; \u00c7erkes adetlerine g\u00f6re yeni evlenen gencin ailesinden olan erkeklerin ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yeni geline ilk g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde vermeleri gereken arma\u011fan olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu arma\u011fan bir b\u00fcy\u00fck veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ba\u015f hayvan, elbise, s\u00fcs e\u015fyas\u0131, para vb. olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sac\u0131k \u00f6mr\u00fcne b\u00fcy\u00fck bir edebiyat s\u0131\u011fd\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015faran D\u0131\u011fu\u0131j Qu\u0131rmen’in son okudu\u011fum hikayesinin ad\u0131 da Tehap\u015f’e dir. Hikayedeki olaylar \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonraki y\u0131llarda bir k\u00f6yde ge\u00e7er. Dini inan\u00e7lar, bat\u0131l inan\u0131\u015flar, \u00c7erkes k\u00f6y\u00fcndeki sosyal dayan\u0131\u015fma ve adetler, k\u00f6yden \u015fehre g\u00f6\u00e7 bu hikayede ele al\u0131nan konulard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Askerlik hizmetini bitiren Jemaldin k\u00f6y\u00fcne Rus k\u0131z\u0131 Layima ile d\u00f6ner. Kay\u0131nvalide H\u0131ristiyan gelini olmas\u0131ndan ho\u015fnut de\u011fildir. Ramazan ay\u0131nda gelinin oru\u00e7 tutmamas\u0131n\u0131 hazmedemez, kendisine k\u00f6t\u00fc davran\u0131r. Layima karn\u0131nda bebe\u011fi ile birlikte kocas\u0131n\u0131 terk edip baba memleketine d\u00f6nmek zorunda kal\u0131r. Jemaldin \u00e7e\u015fitli m\u00fczik enstr\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7alabilen, g\u00fczel \u015fark\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilen bir m\u00fczisyendir. K\u00f6y ya\u015fam\u0131ndan ho\u015fnut de\u011fildir. Bir \u015fehre yerle\u015fti\u011finde daha iyi ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umut etmektedir. Bu nedenle k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc terk eder.<\/p>\n

Jemaldin’in annesi \u011ea\u011f o\u011flunun Rus e\u015finin pe\u015finden gitti\u011fini zannetmektedir. K\u00f6y falc\u0131s\u0131na gidip o\u011flunun durumu ile ilgili fasulye fal\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131r\u0131r. Falc\u0131 kad\u0131n Rus gelinin o\u011fluna b\u00fcy\u00fc yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, o\u011flunun bu y\u00fczden pe\u015finden gitti\u011fini s\u00f6yler. Sihir yapmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anahtar\u0131 Kuban nehrine atm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu, b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fc bozabilmek i\u00e7in bu anahtar\u0131 k\u0131sa zamanda nehirden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p getirmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yler. Anahtar\u0131 nehrin dibinden \u00e7\u0131karabilmesi i\u00e7in bir de m\u0131knat\u0131s verir. \u011ea\u011f gece vakti bir ipe ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0131knat\u0131s\u0131 nehre dald\u0131r\u0131p b\u00fcy\u00fcl\u00fc anahtar\u0131 bulmak \u00fczere evden \u00e7\u0131kar. Kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n gitti\u011fi yeri merak eden koca da pe\u015finden gider. \u011ea\u011f m\u0131knat\u0131sl\u0131 ipi nehre sark\u0131tmak isterken u\u00e7urumdan d\u00fc\u015fer, arkas\u0131ndan gelen kocas\u0131 da u\u00e7urumdan yuvarlan\u0131r. Kar\u0131 koca \u00f6l\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n

Jemaldin gitti\u011fi \u015fehirde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamaz, ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi bir kaza sonucu sakat kal\u0131r. Zorunlu olarak k\u00f6y\u00fcne d\u00f6ner. E\u015fi Layima da o\u011flu ile birlikte k\u00f6ye d\u00f6ner, aile k\u00f6yde yeniden birle\u015fir. Layima Ad\u0131\u011fe adet ve geleneklerini benimser, ona g\u00f6re ya\u015far, k\u00f6yde sevilip say\u0131lan bir gelin olur. K\u00f6yde kolhoz ya\u015fam\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0136\u00f6y gen\u00e7leri kolhoz hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131 olan otu s\u0131cak yaz g\u00fcne\u015fi alt\u0131nda arazide t\u0131rpanla bi\u00e7mektedirler. Gen\u00e7ler birlik beraberlik, dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck fedakarl\u0131klarla otlar\u0131 bi\u00e7mekte, gen\u00e7 k\u0131zlarda bi\u00e7ilen otlar\u0131 destelemektedir. \u0130\u015f bitti\u011finde g\u00fcn\u00fcn yorgunlu\u011funu yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00c7erkes d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ve e\u011flenceleri ile atmaktad\u0131rlar. K\u00f6ydeki zorlu ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131na dayanamayan Lida gibi kimi kad\u0131nlar \u015fehre g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek isterler. \u0136\u00f6y ya\u015fam\u0131ndan mutlu olan, anne babalar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p k\u00f6y\u00fc terk etmek istemeyen Lida’n\u0131n e\u015fi gibi kocalar da vard\u0131r. Onlar \u015fehre g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek istemeseler de e\u015f ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n hat\u0131r\u0131na, ailenin gelece\u011fini korumak ad\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Kimi anne babalarda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6yden kurtarmak ad\u0131na okutup meslek sahibi yap\u0131p \u015fehirde de i\u015f bulmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndaki k\u00f6y a\u015fk\u0131 onlar\u0131n k\u00f6yde kalmalar\u0131na neden olmakta bu y\u00fczden baba o\u011ful anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 ba\u015f g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130steyerek veya istemeyerek \u015fehre gitmi\u015f olanlarda arad\u0131klar\u0131 mutlulu\u011fu bulamay\u0131p tekrar k\u00f6ylerine d\u00f6nmektedir. K\u00f6y evlerinde i\u00e7me suyu olmamas\u0131, suyun Kuban nehrinden omuzda ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131yor olmas\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u015fehre g\u00f6\u00e7 etme sebeplerinin birini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sefar y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenimini m\u00fchendis olarak tamamlam\u0131\u015f, babas\u0131 da ona \u015fehirde uygun bir i\u015f bulmu\u015ftur. Sefar ise k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ya\u015famak, k\u00f6y\u00fcn su sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmek istemektedir. K\u00f6y kolhozu ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sultan ile birlikte, k\u00f6y halk\u0131n\u0131 da organize ederek Kuban nehrinden pompa ile \u00e7ektikleri suyu her evin \u00f6n\u00fcne kadar getirmeyi ba\u015far\u0131rlar. K\u00f6y ya\u015fam\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan suyun geli\u015fini kutlamak \u00fczere k\u00f6y halk\u0131 toplan\u0131r. K\u00f6y\u00fcn thamatesi Kaziy g\u00fcn\u00fcn anlam ve \u00f6nemi \u00fczerine bir konu\u015fma yapacakt\u0131r. \u00c7erkes i\u00e7kisi maksime kadehi elinde oldu\u011fu halde konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. Suyun getirilmesinde ba\u015f rol\u00fc olan Sefar’\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledikten sonra bu ba\u015far\u0131da rol\u00fc olan kad\u0131nlardan da s\u00f6z ederken yeni gelin Salima’n\u0131n da ad\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. Arma\u011fan\u0131n\u0131 vermeden yeni gelinin ad\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015f olmas\u0131 adetlere uymayan bir durumdur. Bir ba\u015fka ya\u015fl\u0131 bu esnada s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc keser: “tehap\u015f’e vermeden yeni gelinin ad\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledin, tehap\u015f’e vermen gerekir” der. Kolhoz ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sultan da bug\u00fcne kadar koruduklar\u0131 Ad\u0131\u011fe adetlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131, Salime’ye tehap\u015f’e vermesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yler. Thamate Kaziy, tehap\u015f’e olarak i\u00e7me suyunu evlerinin kap\u0131s\u0131na kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrme s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc verir. O g\u00fcnden sonra k\u00f6y kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Kuban nehrinden omuzlar\u0131nda su \u00e7ekmekten kurtulmu\u015f olurlar.<\/p>\n

* * *<\/p>\n

D\u0131\u011fu\u0131j Qu\u0131rmen’in bir hikayesini elimden geldi\u011fince bu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Ad\u0131\u011fe edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 bir nebze olsun anlaman\u0131za katk\u0131 sunabilmi\u015fsem bu da benim pay\u0131ma d\u00fc\u015fen mutluluk olsun.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Çetawe İbrahim Halkımızın uzun ve eski tarihini dikkate aldığımızda yazılı edebiyat dönemi kısa bir zaman dilimini kapsar. Üç Çerkes cumhuriyetinin kuruluşları bu sene 100. yılını doldurduğuna göre yazılı edebiyatımızın yaşı bundan bir miktar daha kısadır. Eski feodal yaşam, Sovyetlerin kuruluşunda meydana gelen kızıl-beyaz iç savaşı, komünizmin kuruluş yılları İkinci Dünya Savaşı ve köy yaşamı Çerkes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yazarlar-cetawe-ibrahim","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23491"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23501,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23491\/revisions\/23501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}