![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/SOVYET-LAZLARI-HALK-ONDERI-ISKENDER-TZITASI-VE-SOLUN-EZBERINI-BOZAN-MEKTUPLARI-b.png\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong><\/p>\n Roma\/ Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde kullan\u0131lan \u201c\u039b\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03af , Laz\/i\u201d terimi, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201c\u041b\u0430\u0437\u0438, \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8 , Laz\/i\u201d ve \u201c\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8, \u201cMargal\/i\u201d halk\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Roma\/ Bizansl\u0131lar\u0131n \u201c\u039b\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03af, Laz\/i\u201d dedikleri halka, bug\u00fcn kendileri ve\/ya kom\u015fular\u0131 \u201cLaz\/i,\u00a0\u00a0 Margal\/i, Megrel\/i, Mi(n)grel, Agrwa\u201d diyor. Roma, Pers, Bizans, Arap, Osmanl\u0131 ve Rusya gibi imparatorluklar\u0131n Kafkasya ve Do\u011fu Karadeniz b\u00f6lgelerinde etkili olmalar\u0131yla ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde \u201cLazlar\/ Lazepe\u201d, \u201cMegreller\/ Margalepe\u201d ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc, birbirlerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131 ve kendi mecralar\u0131nda bug\u00fcne kadar varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde G\u00fcrcistan ve Abhazya s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan bu halk\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklarda \u201cMargali, Megreli, Agrwa, Migrel\/i, Mingrel\/i, Megrelian, Mingrelian,\u201d adlar\u0131yla an\u0131l\u0131yorlar. \u00d6nce Osmanl\u0131 \u00dclkesi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise T\u00fcrkiye ve G\u00fcrcistan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan bu halk\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u201cLaz\/i, \u00c7\u0306ani, Laz\/ian\u201d adlar\u0131yla an\u0131l\u0131yor. Birbirlerinden y\u00fczy\u0131llarca ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olan bu halk\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan kalanlar\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde \u201cMargal\/i\/ Megrel\/i\u201d, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7enleri ise, \u201cLaz\/i\u201d ad\u0131yla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fti. Roma\/ Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun vasal\u0131 olan devletlerine Bat\u0131l\u0131lar \u201c\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\/ Lazik\u0306a\u201d, kendileri ve kom\u015fular\u0131 ise \u201c\u10d4\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\/ Egrisi\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\/ Lazca ve Megrelce, \u00a0 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u201c\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\/ Zanuri Nena\/ Zan Dili\u201d \u00a0 ya da \u201c\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\/ K\u0306olxuri Nena\/ Kolh Dili\u201dnin leh\u00e7eleri olarak bilinir. Lazca ve Megrelce, \u201cG\u00fcney Kafkasya Dil Ailesi\u201d ya da \u201c\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\/ Kartveluri Nenape\/ Kartvelian Languages\/ Kartvelgil Dilleri\u201d i\u00e7inde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Megreller g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, yerlisi olduklar\u0131 G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da \u201c\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\/ \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\/ Samargalo\/ Samegrelo\/ Megrelya\u201d b\u00f6lgesinde ve Abhazya\u2019da \u201c\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\/ \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\/ Gali\/ Samurzakano\u201dda topluca ya\u015f\u0131yor. Lazlar ise yerlisi olduklar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemindeki adland\u0131rmayla \u201cLazistan Sanca\u011f\u0131\u201dnda, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc adland\u0131rmayla Rize ve Artvin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalan b\u00f6lgede toplu olarak ya\u015f\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye ile Sovyetler Birli\u011fi aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015feklini 1921\u2019de ald\u0131. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rla, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Lazlar da ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f oldu. Baz\u0131 Laz k\u00f6yleri, \u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u201d\/ Acaristan \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyeti s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kald\u0131. Bu s\u0131n\u0131r, daha sonraki y\u0131llarda NATO ile Var\u015fova Paktlar\u0131n\u0131n da s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan biri oldu. Lazlar, bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bat\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u201c93 Harbi muhacir k\u00f6yleri\u201dnde de toplu olarak ya\u015f\u0131yor. Lazlar, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 Acaristan \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyeti d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, az say\u0131da da olsa Abhazya,\u00a0 Rusya Federasyonu ve Orta Asya\u2019da da ya\u015f\u0131yor. Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerinde de, yine az say\u0131da da olsa Megrel ve Laz\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz.<\/p>\n 1920\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Laz kimli\u011fi yok say\u0131ld\u0131. 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan sonra da Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ndeki Laz \/Megrel kimli\u011fi yok say\u0131ld\u0131. Bu sebeple de T\u00fcrkiye d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki hem Lazlar hem de Megreller bug\u00fcn \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcrel otonomi\u201dye sahip de\u011fil; \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir d\u00f6nemde sahip olduklar\u0131 \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcrel otonomi\u201d de ellerinden al\u0131nd\u0131. Eski Sovyetler Birli\u011fi topraklar\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u201cMegrelce\/ Lazca anadili \u00f6\u011fretimi\u201d veya \u201cMegrelce\/ Lazca e\u011fitim\u201d veren kurumlar bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Lazca g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yaln\u0131zca T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Devlet okullar\u0131nda \u201cse\u00e7meli ders\u201d olarak okutulabiliyor.\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesi- sonras\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u201cSo\u011fuk Sava\u015f Y\u0131llar\u0131\u201dn\u0131n resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezleri Laz kimli\u011fini t\u00f6rp\u00fclemekle me\u015fguld\u00fc. Yerli ve yabanc\u0131 eserler, hep bu resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezlerini yans\u0131tt\u0131: \u201cLaz diye bir halk yok; Lazca diye bir dil yok.\u201d<\/p>\n 1980\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren Sovyetler Birli\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme s\u00fcrecine girdi. Sovyet y\u00f6netimi, bir zamanlar destekledi\u011fi, ancak k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra yok sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cLaz Kimli\u011fi\u201dnin fark\u0131na 1980\u2019lerde tekrar varmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bat\u0131l\u0131 baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde de baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, yine bu y\u0131llardan itibaren Lazlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi, Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkeler ve T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan konjokt\u00fcrel duruma feda edilen Laz kimli\u011fi yeniden g\u00fcndeme gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 1980\u2019lerdeki b\u00fct\u00fcn konjonkt\u00fcrel geli\u015fmeler adeta bir i\u015faret ve ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 oldu; akademik \u00f6zl\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ba\u015flad\u0131. Wolfgang Feurstein, 1980\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Bat\u0131 Almanya\u2019da ya\u015fayan birka\u00e7 Laz gencinin de kat\u0131lmas\u0131yla \u201cKa\u00e7kar \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu\u201dnu olu\u015fturur; Arhavili \u00f6\u011fretmen Fahri Kahraman ile birlikte geli\u015ftirdikleri s\u00f6ylenen \u201cLaz Alfabesi\u201d de bu y\u0131llarda son \u015feklini al\u0131r.<\/p>\n Akademik ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u201cFeurestein\/ Kahraman Alfabesi\u201d, genel kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcr ve bug\u00fcne kadar kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda Latin alfabesine dayanan bu alfabe, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde Laz kimli\u011finin tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, Laz Okullar\u0131 Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ad\u0131yla da bilinen \u201cLaz Alfabesi\u201dnden \u00e7ok az farkl\u0131l\u0131klar ta\u015f\u0131r. Konunun en ilgin\u00e7 yan\u0131; Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n sonlar\u0131na kadar kulland\u0131klar\u0131 alfabe ve Lazca ders kitaplar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, \u201cKa\u00e7kar \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu\u201dnun ba\u015fta yeterince bilgi ve belgesinin bulunmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu da, Lazlar\u0131 hedef alan resm\u00ee ideoloji ve tarih tezlerinin ne kadar etkili ve yasaklay\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. \u201cKa\u00e7kar \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu\u201d, 1984\u2019te yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cParpali\u201d adl\u0131 teksir yay\u0131n\u0131 ile bu \u201cLaz Alfabesi\u201dni duyurur. 1991\u2019de Osman T\u0306amt\u0306ruli ad\u0131yla \u201c\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\/ Nananena\/ Anadili\u201d adl\u0131 bir ders kitab\u0131; 1992\u2019de ise \u201c\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\/ Lazuri Ambarepe\/ Lazca Haberler\u201d adl\u0131 teksir bir dergi de ayn\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma grubu taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. Ku\u015fkusuz, Bat\u0131 Almanya\u2019da Wolfgang Feurestein\u2019\u0131n inisiyatifi ile ba\u015flayan bu akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Lazlara da bir \u015fekilde ula\u015f\u0131r; ilgi uyand\u0131r\u0131r. Akademik bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, okumu\u015f- yazm\u0131\u015f baz\u0131 Lazlar aras\u0131nda korku ve endi\u015felere de yol a\u00e7ar. Bu korku ve endi\u015feler; Lazlara y\u00f6nelik resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezlerinin h\u00e2l\u00e2 ne kadar etkili oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarla birlikte Lazlar, kimlikleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan resm\u00ee ideoloji ve tarih tezlerinin yo\u011fun etkisine ra\u011fmen, olumlu geli\u015fmeler ya\u015farlar. \u201cKa\u00e7kar \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu\u201dnun akademik yay\u0131nlar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de fazla yank\u0131 bulmaz. Ancak \u00f6nemlidir. 1937 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak 31 A\u011fustos 1988 tarihine kadar kapal\u0131 kalan ve Lazlar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye ile Sovyetler Birli\u011fi aras\u0131nda ikiye b\u00f6len ve birbirinden habersiz k\u0131lan Sarp S\u0131n\u0131r Kap\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yeniden a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 Laz Kimli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fmedir. Bir di\u011fer geli\u015fme ise, 1964\u2019te Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde, Tiflis\u2019te, \u201cLazeti\u201d ad\u0131yla G\u00fcrc\u00fcce yay\u0131nlanan bir kitab\u0131n ancak 1992\u2019de \u201cLazlar\u2019\u0131n Tarihi\u201d ad\u0131yla \u0130stanbul\u2019da yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kitab\u0131n yazarlar\u0131, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndaki Sarpi K\u00f6y\u00fcnden iki Lazd\u0131r: Muhammed Vanili\u015fi ve Ali Tandilava. Bursa- \u0130neg\u00f6l\u2019de ya\u015fayan G\u00fcrc\u00fc\/ \u00c7veneburi k\u00f6kenli emekli bir polis memuru olan Hayri Hayrio\u011flu bu kitab\u0131 \u00f6zet olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evirir. Kitap, Laz dili ve kimli\u011finin Sovyetler Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan reddedildi\u011fi d\u00f6neme ait resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezlerinin a\u011f\u0131r izlerini ta\u015f\u0131r. Hayri Hayrio\u011flu\u2019nun, \u00e7evirisine Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin Lazlara y\u00f6nelik resm\u00eei ideoloj\u00ee ve resm\u00ee tezlerini aynen aktarmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kendi kayg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da yans\u0131tmas\u0131 kitab\u0131n resm\u00ee b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7inde bile \u00e7eli\u015fkilere yol a\u00e7ar. Kitap, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin o y\u0131llara ait Lazlara y\u00f6nelik resm\u00ee tezlerini aktar\u0131yor ve \u00f6zetle adeta \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cLazlar Laz de\u011fildir; G\u00fcrc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Lazca diye bir dil yoktur; Lazca G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin leh\u00e7esidir.\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cLazlar\u2019\u0131n Tarihi\u201d adl\u0131 kitap, s\u0131radan Lazlar\u0131 adeta k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131r. Lazlar, G\u00fcrc\u00fc k\u00f6kenli olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131; Lazcan\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fcce olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inatla ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve ispatlamak \u00e7abas\u0131na giri\u015firler. Asl\u0131nda Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda da bir \u015fekilde kimliklerinin pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015flerdi; yazm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u015eehzat Ayartepe bunlar aras\u0131nda (\u015fimdilik) ad\u0131 duyulanlardand\u0131. Lazlar ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, G\u00fcrc\u00fc k\u00f6kenli olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ispatlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n da fark\u0131na var\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n \u00d6zetle; Hayri Hayrio\u011flu\u2019nun \u00e7eviri bu kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7eli\u015fkileri, \u201cKa\u00e7kar \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu\u201dnun akademik yay\u0131nlar\u0131 ve Sarp S\u0131n\u0131r Kap\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n etkileri, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ister istemez \u0130stanbul merkezli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir Laz ayd\u0131n\u0131 kitlesinin olu\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin 1991 sonunda y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla esen \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131\u201d etkisini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flar. Lazlar\u0131n tarihsel olarak ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 ve yerlisi olduklar\u0131 b\u00f6lgede baz\u0131 Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 bir aray\u0131\u015fa girer; k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yaparlar. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu geli\u015fmeler \u0130stanbul\u2019da yerle\u015fmi\u015f; k\u00f6yleri, kasabalar\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7oktan kesilmi\u015f Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 bile etkiler. \u0130stanbul\u2019da bir Laz Vakf\u0131 veya bir enstit\u00fc olu\u015fturmak isterler. Gel g\u00f6r ki, objetif ve subjektif olumsuzluklardan ve gelen \u00e7e\u015fitli bask\u0131 ve sald\u0131r\u0131lar sebebiyle ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olurlar.<\/p>\n 1993 Haziran\u2019\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yeniden bir hareketlilik ba\u015flar. Toplant\u0131lar yap\u0131l\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta; bir yay\u0131n organ\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmadan kimlik m\u00fccadelesi verilemeyece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc a\u011f\u0131r basar. Kas\u0131m 1993\u2019de \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201d yay\u0131nlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n Belirtti\u011fim gibi, Laz kimli\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1920\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde ise 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda itibaren yok say\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar hem T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki hem de Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ndeki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n kolektif haf\u0131zalar\u0131nda cidd\u00ee k\u00fclt\u00fcrel travmalara ve unutkanl\u0131klara yol a\u00e7t\u0131. \u201cSo\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u201d y\u0131llar\u0131 bitene, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi y\u0131k\u0131lana kadar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ndeki resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezleri i\u015flevlerini l\u00e2y\u0131k\u0131yla yerine getirdi. \u0130nk\u00e2r ve asimilasyon politikalar\u0131 Laz kimli\u011fine y\u00f6nelik olarak da aral\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar ve e\u011fitim- \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131 g\u00f6revlerini yerine getirdi: Lazlar \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli,\u201d \u201cG\u00fcrcistan\u2019da ise G\u00fcrc\u00fc k\u00f6kenli\u201d idi. \u201cLazca\u201d, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019nin Do\u011fu Karadeniz \u015fivesi\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcrcistan\u2019da ise G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin yirmi kadar \u00f6nemsiz \u015fivesinden yaln\u0131zca bir tanesi\u201d idi. Lazlar, Lazca, Laz kimli\u011fi her iki \u00fclkede de ink\u00e2r edilmi\u015f, yok say\u0131larak asimile edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6yle olunca da, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Lazlara ve Laz diline ili\u015fkin eserlere ula\u015fmak imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131. Oysa; bu konuda say\u0131s\u0131z Osmanl\u0131ca eser; mesel\u00e2 \u015eemseddin S\u00e2m\u00ee, \u201cKamusu\u2019l-A\u2019lam\u201d adl\u0131 eserinde \u201cLazca, Lazlar ve Lazistan\u201d hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi veriyor. Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, Laz kimli\u011fiyle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorunu yoktu. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de 1920\u2019lerin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar Laz kimli\u011fi bir tehdit olarak alg\u0131lanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Keza, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n, 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar Lazca Anadil Mektepleri vard\u0131. \u00dcstelik bu mektepler Lazca anadili sertifikalar\u0131 bile veriyordu; Lazca gazete, Lazca tiyatrolar\u0131 da vard\u0131.<\/p>\n 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llara gelindi\u011finde hem T\u00fcrkiye hem de Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Lazlar\u0131 kimliklerini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kaybetmi\u015fti. Laz kimli\u011finin tamamen kaybolup gitmesini i\u00e7lerine sindiremeyen \u0130stanbul merkezli bir avu\u00e7 ayd\u0131n \u201cbir \u015feyler yapmal\u0131\u201d diyerek kollar\u0131 s\u0131var ve \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201dni yay\u0131nlamaya ba\u015flar. Bu i\u015f ger\u00e7ekten de \u00e7ok zordur. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde bir zamanlar yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f Laz kimli\u011fine, diline, tarihine ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ait eserlere ula\u015fmak neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her iki \u00fclkedeki resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezleri Laz kimli\u011fini yok say\u0131yordu. Hem Osmanl\u0131 \u00dclkesi\u2019nde hem de Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde Laz kimli\u011finin d\u00fc\u015fman olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi y\u0131llarda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklara ula\u015fmak 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda \u00e7ok zordu, imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca Osmanl\u0131ca bilmeyi, Rus\u00e7a bilmeyi gerektiriyordu. Ancak \u00f6ncelikle ak\u0131lda tutulmas\u0131 gereken, Laz kimli\u011finin \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir kimlik oldu\u011funun bilinmesiydi. \u0130\u015fte \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201d, bu\u00a0 \u015fartlarda, ama inan\u00e7l\u0131 bir duru\u015fla i\u015fba\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131; s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir yere dayamad\u0131, kendisini kulland\u0131rtmad\u0131. \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201dni \u00e7\u0131karanlar \u015funu \u00e7ok iyi biliyordu: \u201cLazlar vard\u0131r, Laz kimli\u011fi vard\u0131r, Laz kimli\u011fi ancak Lazca ile ya\u015far. Laz kimli\u011fini yok sayan i\u00e7te, d\u0131\u015fta her \u00e7e\u015fit resm\u00ee ideolojiye kar\u015f\u0131 kalemle m\u00fccadele edilmelidir.\u201d<\/p>\n Laz kimli\u011fi, \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201d ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, Laz kimlik m\u00fccadelesi de \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201d ile ba\u015flamad\u0131. Laz kimlik m\u00fccadelesi, Laz dilini okullu- kitapl\u0131 bir dil haline getirme \u00e7abalar\u0131, Laz dilini kurumsal h\u00fcviyete sahip bir duruma getirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (\u015fimdilik bilindi\u011fi kadar\u0131yla) 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Hopal\u0131 Faik Efendi ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 her iki \u00fclkede de Lazlar\u0131n, Laz dilinin, Laz kimli\u011finin yok say\u0131lmas\u0131, ne yaz\u0131k ki Hopal\u0131 Faik Efendi hakk\u0131nda da sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgilere ula\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 (\u015fimdilik) engelliyor.<\/p>\n \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201d; yay\u0131n \u00e7izgisiyle, Laz kimli\u011fini ve dilini yok sayan ve asimile etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan resm\u00ee ideoloji ve tarih tezlerine kar\u015f\u0131 bir m\u00fccadeleyi esas ald\u0131. Lazlar\u0131n bir tarihi, bir dili, bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc oldu\u011funa s\u00fcrekli olarak vurgu yapt\u0131. Cidd\u00ee makalelerle \u00e7izgisini destekledi. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda Laz kimli\u011fine y\u00f6nelik olumlu yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ve o d\u00f6nemin \u00f6rneklerini okuyucusuna aktard\u0131. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ndeki Lazca Anadil Mektepleri \u00f6nemliydi. Bug\u00fcn de Lazca Anadil Mektepleri olabilirdi. \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201d, bu anlaml\u0131 mesajlar\u0131 vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Altm\u0131\u015fl\u0131, yetmi\u015fli y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Laz dili, tarihi vb. konularda yazanlar, bir \u015feyler yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 ku\u015fkusuz vard\u0131. Ancak onlar\u0131n bu \u00e7abalar\u0131 bireysel ve c\u0131l\u0131z kald\u0131; kolektif \u00e7abalar g\u00f6r\u00fclemedi. \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201d, hem tutarl\u0131 bir \u00e7izgiye sahip olmas\u0131 hem de her anlamda kolektif bir \u00e7abayla yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 sebebiyle, Lazlar\u0131n kimlik m\u00fccadelesinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip. \u201c Ogni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201dni, kimlik m\u00fccadelesine inanan \u201c\u00e7e\u015fitli ya\u015f ve duru\u015flardan bir ku\u015fak\u201d yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6yle olunca da, bu \u201cilk ku\u015fak\u201d i\u00e7inde baz\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f ve \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201d ancak alt\u0131 say\u0131 yay\u0131nlanabilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201dnin i\u015fleyi\u015fine, i\u00e7eri\u011fine, s\u00fcreklili\u011fine ili\u015fkin y\u00f6neltilebilecek hakl\u0131 ele\u015ftiri ve \u00f6zele\u015ftirilerimiz ku\u015fkusuz var. Gel g\u00f6r ki, sa\u011flam \u00e7izgi ve duru\u015fuyla bir sonraki ku\u015faklara kimlik m\u00fccadelesinde \u00f6nemli bir miras b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131na hi\u00e7 kimsenin ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fan bir s\u00fcredir Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n bir Lazca ve Laz kimli\u011fi m\u00fccadelesi var. \u015eimdi bana anlat\u0131lanlara d\u00f6n\u00fcyorum: Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ndeyiz, Acaristan \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyetindeki Laz k\u00f6ylerinde, Abhazya\u2019daki Laz k\u00f6ylerindeyiz.<\/p>\n Laz \u00e7ocuklar s\u0131n\u0131fa girmi\u015fler. Ellerinde kitaplar\u0131; a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f okuyorlar. Sovyet H\u00fck\u00fcmetinin imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 fazla de\u011fil. Ayn\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fta farkl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frenci birlikte ders g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin s\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde \u201cAlboni\u201d , konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 dilin nas\u0131l yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kavramaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u201cOk\u0306itxu\u015feni Supara\u201ddan Sovyet yurtta\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin konuyu \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 da \u201c\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u201d\/ \u201cOxesapu\u015fi Supara\u201ddan aritmetik problemlerini \u00e7\u00f6zmeye \u00e7abal\u0131yor. Koskoca bir s\u0131n\u0131f. \u00c7arl\u0131k zaman\u0131nda da kullan\u0131l\u0131yormu\u015f. Tavan\u0131 olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek. Kap\u0131 g\u0131c\u0131rt\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00d6nde \u00f6\u011fretmen hemen yan\u0131nda \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi s\u0131n\u0131fa giriyor. \u0130lerliyorlar. K\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131nda duruyorlar. Laz okullar\u0131 direkt\u00f6r\u00fc \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, bir s\u00fcprizleri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklere: \u201cBirazdan Abhazya devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131, yolda\u015f Nestor Lakoba gelecek! Sizinle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fecek!\u201d<\/p>\n \u00c7ocuklar heyecanl\u0131. Okuldan diplomalar\u0131n\u0131 alacaklar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc iple \u00e7ekiyorlar. Bir yandan Rus\u00e7a \u00f6\u011freniyorlar di\u011fer yandan da anadillerini yazmay\u0131 ve anadillerinde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f kitaplar\u0131 okumay\u0131 \u00f6\u011freniyorlar. Nestor Lakoba yolda\u015f kap\u0131dan i\u00e7eri giriyor. Bir alk\u0131\u015f f\u0131rt\u0131nas\u0131 kopuyor. B\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00fczlerde tebess\u00fcm. Lazca derslerini veren \u00f6\u011fretmen ve \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ile sevgiyle kucakla\u015ft\u0131. Yolda\u015f Nestor Lakoba, Sovyet \u00dclkesinin gen\u00e7 yurtta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 Rus\u00e7a ve Lazca selaml\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Bir kez daha belirteyim: Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Lazlar\u0131, Abhazya ve Acaristan Lazlar\u0131 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar anadil okullar\u0131nda anadili dersleri g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Lazca gazeteleri vard\u0131. Lazca tiyatrolar\u0131 vard\u0131. Oralarda bir yerde, gen\u00e7 Muhammed Vanili\u015fi\u2019yi g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz \u015fimdi. S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ge\u00e7meye haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor. Koltu\u011funun alt\u0131nda bir paket. \u0130\u00e7inde Lazca yay\u0131nlanan \u201cM\u00e7\u0306ita Murun\u0292xi\/ K\u0131z\u0131l Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u201d adl\u0131 gazeteler var. S\u0131n\u0131rdan gizlice T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ge\u00e7ecek ve gazeteyi Laz yolda\u015flar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131racak. Orada hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r say\u0131da partili Laz yolda\u015f\u0131 var. Onlara gazeteleri ula\u015ft\u0131racak. Onlar da ba\u015fkalar\u0131na. Onlardan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporlar\u0131 partiye ula\u015ft\u0131racak.<\/p>\n Parti y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7indeki sen- ben, ayd\u0131n kariyerizmi kavgas\u0131 su y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Laz okullar\u0131 direkt\u00f6r\u00fc \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, daha sonra tasfiye edilen ayd\u0131nlar i\u00e7erisindeydi. S\u0131rf tasfiye edilenlerin iyi \u015feyler yapmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in, onlar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fler de ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Laz okullar\u0131 i\u015fte bu sebeple kapat\u0131ld\u0131. Partili Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 tasfiye edildi. Kimileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n Abhazya Lazlar\u0131, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019yi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile hat\u0131rl\u0131yor; \u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc \u10f0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\/ Hasan Helimi\u015fi\u2019nin tamamlayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tablosunu da; Nestor ve Sariya Lakoba\u2019n\u0131n yar\u0131m kalan tablosunu da.<\/p>\n \u201c\u0130skender Tzita\u015fi Paneli\u201dni ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz 14 Nisan 2013 Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdik. Panelin konu\u015fmac\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva, di\u011feri de bendim. Panel, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Aka-der\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gurubu \u201cLazuri Mektebi\u201d taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlendi. Salon, panel i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenmi\u015fti; sandalyeler, panelistlerin konu\u015fma yerleri, pano, slayt g\u00f6sterisi ve at\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131k kurabiyeler\u2026 Bu t\u00fcr panel ve toplant\u0131lara haset edenler ve rahats\u0131z olanlar hep izleyici say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 merak ederler. Bence bunun hi\u00e7bir \u00f6nemi yok. \u00d6nemli olan bu panelin bir ilk olmas\u0131 ve \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ilk defa bu boyutta insanlara tan\u0131t\u0131lmak istenmesi. Konuya bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bakmak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, Laz kimlik m\u00fccadelesinin Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ndeki \u00f6nderiydi, Sovyet Devlet adam\u0131yd\u0131. Yaln\u0131zca siyas\u00ee bir \u00f6nder de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda yay\u0131nc\u0131 ve e\u011fitimciydi. Panelin ana ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131: \u201c\u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019den G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Lazca Anadili E\u011fitimi\u201d idi. Panel, \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015ftu. \u0130lk b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, \u201cLaz Kimlik M\u00fccadelesinde \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin \u00d6nemi\u201d ve \u201c\u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ve 1929- 1938 S\u00fcreci\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131yla sunumlar yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki ilk sunumu ben, di\u011fer sunumu \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva yapt\u0131. Burada kendi sunumumdan uzun uzun aktarmalarda bulunmayaca\u011f\u0131m. Zira sunumumu dayand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m yaz\u0131l\u0131 metni t\u00fcm panel konu\u015fmalar\u0131yla birlikte sesli olarak youtube\/ piralipiralishi piralishi ve yusufbulut.com\u2019da yay\u0131nland\u0131. Yine de k\u0131saca belirtmem gerekirse; sunumumda esas olarak, Laz Kimlik M\u00fccadelesi\u2019nde Hopal\u0131 Faik Efendi ve esas olarak da \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin \u00f6nemine, m\u00fccadelesine ve Laz kimli\u011fi ad\u0131na kazan\u0131mlara dikkat \u00e7ektim. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin, Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n hen\u00fcz \u00f6nemine varamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, onun \u00e7izgisine hen\u00fcz ula\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, bunun i\u00e7in de Laz kimlik m\u00fccadelesinin yirmi y\u0131ld\u0131r g\u00fcd\u00fck kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirttim. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, \u00e7izgisinde m\u00fccadele perspektifinin h\u00e2kim olamamas\u0131n\u0131n da, Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc yap\u0131 ve durumlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekledim. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fum bir nokta da, bug\u00fcne kadar \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131na \u00f6rnek olmas\u0131 konusundaki ki\u015fisel \u00e7abalar\u0131m oldu. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin 1935 tarihli \u201cAlboni\/ Alfabe\u201d adl\u0131 ders kitab\u0131n\u0131 1994\u2019te \u0130stanbul\u2019da nas\u0131l yeniden t\u0131pk\u0131bas\u0131m olarak kendi imk\u00e2nlar\u0131mla yay\u0131nlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 belirttim. \u201c\u0130skender Tzita\u015fi Kimdi? Neden \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc?\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalemi ( o g\u00fcnk\u00fc bilgi ve de\u011ferlendirmelerimle) 2001\u2019de yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 ve \u201cYeni Kafkasya Gazetesi\u201dnde yay\u0131nlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 da duyurdum. Asl\u0131na bakarsan\u0131z, bu bireysel \u00e7abalar\u0131m\u0131 belirtmekten son derece s\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131m; utand\u0131m. Ancak belirtmek zorundayd\u0131m. Belirtti\u011fim bir ba\u015fka konu da; Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n tarih ve m\u00fccadele ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve bilincinden yoksun olarak ancak bu kadar\u0131n\u0131 yapabildiklerini vurgulamak oldu.<\/p>\n Asl\u0131na bakarsan\u0131z, bu panelde benim \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019ye ili\u015fkin s\u00f6ylediklerimin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum. O g\u00fcn orada s\u00f6ylediklerimi y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor, yaz\u0131yorum. Onunla ilgili \u00e7ok bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylemedim. Y\u0131llard\u0131r oldu\u011fu gibi, o g\u00fcn de \u00a0bir halk \u00f6nderi olarak \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin, \u00e7izgisinin, m\u00fccadelesinin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131na \u00f6rnek olmas\u0131 konusunu dillendirdim. Asl\u0131nda o panelde en \u00f6nemli konu; \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin kimli\u011fi, ailesi, ili\u015fkileri, yapt\u0131klar\u0131yd\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar hakk\u0131nda da en sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bilgi ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, somut bilgi ve belgelere dayanarak ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131- yazar \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva, bir bilim adam\u0131 ciddiyetiyle bizlere ula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva\u2019n\u0131n sunumu \u00f6nemliydi. Sovyet Lazlar\u0131 Halk \u00f6nderi \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi hakk\u0131ndaki sis perdesinin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. Bir dedektif maharet ve titizli\u011fiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bizleri ayd\u0131nlatt\u0131. Gelecekteki Laz kimlik m\u00fccadelesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc de ideolojik olarak a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f oldu. \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva. \u0130skender \u00a0Tzita\u015fi\u2019ye ili\u015fkin olarak benim y\u0131llard\u0131r dillendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m konular\u0131 da aklam\u0131\u015f; konuya ili\u015fkin verdi\u011fim bilgilerin de do\u011frulu\u011funu teyit etmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n Panelin ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, \u201cG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Laz Kimlik M\u00fccadelesi ve Lazca Anadili \u00d6\u011fretimi\u201d idi. Bu ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda yine \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva ve ben konu\u015ftum; g\u00fcncele ili\u015fkin fikirlerimizi beyan ettik. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde esas olarak, Ak Parti H\u00fck\u00fcmetinin k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 da olsa, \u201canadili \u00f6\u011fretimi\u201d alan\u0131nda att\u0131\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131mlar ve bunlar\u0131n Lazcaya yans\u0131mas\u0131 konusu \u00fczerinde duruldu. Ben esas olarak, 2012- 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda devlet okullar\u0131nda Lazca anadil derslerinin verilemedi\u011fini, bunun esas sebebinin de Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcfredat haz\u0131rlamam\u0131\u015f, M.E. B. Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu\u2019na sunamam\u0131\u015f ve takip\u00e7isi de olamamalar\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n vurgulad\u0131m. Hasan Uzunhasano\u011flu\u2019nun \u00e7abalar\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ektim. Anadil derslerinin a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 yerler olarak hep akl\u0131m\u0131za Lazlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 Do\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ndeki yerle\u015fim birimlerinin geldi\u011fini, oysa 93 Muhaciri Lazlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00f6relerdeki okullarda da, hatta \u0130stanbul gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde de anadil s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131labilece\u011fine vurgu yapt\u0131m. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n da Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n kolektif bilin\u00e7 ve \u00e7abalar\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fini belirttim.<\/p>\n \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva da, bu \u00f6\u011fretim d\u00f6neminde Lazca anadil s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcfredat eksikli\u011finden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 2013- 2014 e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131nda Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcfredat\u0131 haz\u0131rlay\u0131p ilgili resm\u00ee kurumlara sunduktan sonra art\u0131k Lazca anadili dersleri s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda bir engelin kalmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Bu konuyla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak Hasan Uzunhasano\u011flu\u2019nun, Arhavi ve F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131\u2019da Lazca anadili s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7abalar\u0131 dile getirdi. Kimi velilerin okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fcklerine verdikleri dilek\u00e7elerden ve okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin de onlara verdikleri cevaplar\u0131ndan \u00f6rnekleri slayt e\u015fli\u011finde bizlere aktard\u0131. Okul m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fckleri velilere yaz\u0131l\u0131 cevaplar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle diyorlar: \u201cLazca Anadili \u00f6\u011fretimi m\u00fcfredat\u0131 bize bakanl\u0131ktan ula\u015fmad\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva, Lazca konusunda Rize RTE \u00dcniversite\u2019sine verdikleri dilek\u00e7e ve ald\u0131klar\u0131 cevaptan da bahsetti. O, bu konuya vurgu yaparken, i\u00e7im c\u0131z etti. Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n kolektif \u00a0hareket etmemeleri, hep Lazcan\u0131n ciddiye al\u0131nmamas\u0131na sebep oluyordu. \u00a0\u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva, bu vb. konularda slayt e\u015fli\u011finde bilgi ve belgelerini bizlerle payla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Moderat\u00f6r\u00fcm\u00fcz, \u201cLazuri Mektebi\u201dden P\u0131nar Bayraktar idi. P\u0131nar Bayraktar, benim Lazca derslerimden de ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilerimden biri. Bunu belirtmeliyim. A\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6ylemeliyim; panelin rotas\u0131nda seyretmesi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir diplomasi \u00f6rne\u011fi sergiledi. B\u00f6l\u00fcm \u00f6ncelerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla, dinleyicilerin \u00f6n bilgiyle konuyu izlemelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. Son derece zarifti ve nezaket g\u00f6sterdi. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde izleyicilerimiz de son derece nezaket g\u00f6sterdiler. Bizleri nezaketle dinlediler. O kadar s\u00fcre bizi s\u0131k\u0131lmadan, ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilgiyle izlediler. \u0130lk iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmden sonra k\u0131sa bir ara verildi. Ayak\u00fcst\u00fc sohbetler yap\u0131ld\u0131. Kanepeler at\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Yeni tan\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Her \u015fey g\u00fczel ve do\u011fald\u0131.<\/p>\n \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm soru ve cevaplar ile \u00f6nerilere ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunu sonra ele alaca\u011f\u0131m. Dinleyicilerden biri; benim Hasan Helimi\u015fi hakk\u0131nda, \u0130smail Avc\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cMjora Dergisi\u201dnde yazd\u0131klar\u0131yla ilgili s\u00f6ylediklerim konusunda \u00f6nemli bir a\u00e7\u0131klamada bulundu. Bu dinleyicinin s\u00f6ylediklerini \u00f6nemsiyorum. Bu dinleyici, \u015fimdi aktaraca\u011f\u0131m bilgiyi Kar\u015f\u0131ki Sarp\u2019tan bir Laz\u0131n kendisine s\u00f6yledi\u011fini belirtti. Asl\u0131nda Kar\u015f\u0131ki Sarpl\u0131lardan bir Laz\u0131n, Hasan Helimi\u015fi\u2019ye ili\u015fkin baz\u0131 bilgi ve belgeleri 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019dan bir Laz ayd\u0131n\u0131na verdi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Ayn\u0131 \u015feyi Cemal Vanili\u015fi de 2006\u2019da, Kar\u015f\u0131ki Sarpi\u2019de bana s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. 1993\u2019te Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n diye kendisine verilen baz\u0131 bilgi ve belgeleri yaln\u0131zca kendisine saklayan ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131karmayan bu Laz ayd\u0131n\u0131 kim?! Bakal\u0131m daha neler duyaca\u011f\u0131z?!<\/p>\n \u00d6nce de belirtti\u011fim gibi, bu panelin en \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva\u2019n\u0131n, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ailesi, kimli\u011fi, ili\u015fkileri ve m\u00fccadelesi hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6yledikleridir. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi \u00f6nemlidir. \u00d6nemlidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Laz kimlik m\u00fccadelesinin 1993\u2019de de\u011fil g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bizlere duyurdu. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, m\u00fccadele yolda\u015flar\u0131yla beraber Laz kimli\u011finin ya\u015famas\u0131 i\u00e7in, kolektif kolhozlar olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, Lazca anadili okullar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, Lazca ders kitaplar\u0131 yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131, Lazca gazeteler \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131, Lazca tiyatro eserleri \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda m\u00fccadele etmi\u015f ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u00f6nemlidir. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, Laz kimlik m\u00fccadelesinde tutarl\u0131 bir \u00e7izgiye sahipti. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, bu \u00e7izginin hen\u00fcz fark\u0131na varamad\u0131klar\u0131 ve gere\u011fini yapamad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 yapmad\u0131klar\u0131yla, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin \u00e7izgi ve m\u00fccadelesini h\u00e2l\u00e2 anlayamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu k\u0131sa giri\u015ften sonra, panelde tuttu\u011fum notlar\u0131mdan ve ses kay\u0131d\u0131ndan da faydalanarak \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva\u2019n\u0131n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi hakk\u0131nda verdi\u011fi bilgilere ge\u00e7ebilirim; t\u0131rnak i\u00e7inde aktar\u0131yorum. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131- yazar \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva, konu\u015fmas\u0131na Wolfgang Feurstein\u2019e te\u015fekk\u00fcr etmekle ba\u015flad\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n, onun \u00e7abalar\u0131 sayesinde \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ve Hasan Helimi\u015fi\u2019den haberdar olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. \u0130rfan \u00c7 Aleksiva, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin Stalin\u2019e ve Giorgi Dimitrov\u2019a yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Rus\u00e7a mektuplar\u0131, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye terc\u00fcme eden Eren M\u00fch\u00fcrc\u00fc\u2019ye de minnettarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Wolfgang Feurstein\u2019\u0131n da bu panele kat\u0131lan herkese de sel\u00e2m s\u00f6yledi\u011fini duyurdu.<\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131- yazar \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva\u2019n\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n \u201c\u0130ki y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin bir matematik kitab\u0131 oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frendik. Bu kitab\u0131n pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce de elimize \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi hakk\u0131nda baz\u0131 bilgi ve belgeler gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey bilmiyorduk. Bu hi\u00e7 bir \u015fey i\u00e7erisine her \u015fey d\u00e2hildi; ad\u0131, do\u011fum yeri, ne oldu\u011fu, neden bu i\u015fleri girdi\u011fi, nas\u0131l \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. Onun hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey bilmiyorduk.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ismi, resm\u00ee kaynaklarda \u201cTzita\u015fi \u0130skenderi\/ \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u201d \u015feklinde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Babas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 Teymur ya da Teymuraz. Rus belgelerinde, ar\u015fivlerinde ad\u0131 \u00a0\u201c\u0130skender Tzita\u015fi Teymurazovi\u00e7\u201d diye ge\u00e7iyor. Ne var ki, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki Muhammed Vanl\u0131o\u011flu; Vanili\u015fi ve Vanidze gibi soyadlar\u0131 da kullanm\u0131\u015f olan bir ki\u015fi, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin Rus oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ki bu ki\u015fi 1929\u2019da \u201cM\u00e7\u0306ita Murun\u0292\u0306i\/ K\u0131z\u0131l Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u201d adl\u0131 gazeteyi \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ile birlikte \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131. Bu ki\u015fi, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin Rus oldu\u011funu ve ad\u0131n\u0131n da Aleksandr Svetskov oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. Rus ajan\u0131 oldu\u011funu, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki Lazlar\u0131, \u2018G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ulusu\u2019ndan ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir Rus ajan\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. Bunlar\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na anlat\u0131yordu. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131 da bunlar\u0131 bizlere anlat\u0131yor. B\u00fct\u00fcn iddialar\u0131 ortaya atmalar\u0131n\u0131n sebebi, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019yi itibars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmak. Ancak \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, Arnold \u00c7ikobava\u2019n\u0131n 1929\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan \u201cLazca Metinler\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda \u0130skender Tsitai\u015fvili diye ge\u00e7iyor. Tsitia\u015fvili soyad\u0131, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n \u00a0Guria\/ Ozurgeti b\u00f6lgesindeki bir k\u00f6yde kullan\u0131lan bir soyad\u0131. Sadece orada kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Buradan hareketle \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin Guriali oldu\u011fu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin etnik kimli\u011fine ait \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f var. \u0130lki, Rus oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130kincisi Gurial\u0131 oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcne ise birazdan gelece\u011fiz. Babas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 Teymuraz ya da Teymur. Teymur, bizim \u201cdemir\u201d diye bildi\u011fimiz kelimedir. Azerbaycan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019sinde Teymur olur. \u0130ran\u2019da da kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da ise Teymur ve Teymuraz \u015feklinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu isim \u0130sl\u00e2m Medeniyeti kaynakl\u0131 bir isim oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, H\u0131ristiyan Ortodoks Rus gelene\u011finde Teymuraz ad\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaz. Buradan hareketle, \u0130skender Tzia\u015fi\u2019nin babas\u0131n\u0131n Rus olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Resm\u00ee kaynaklarda, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin do\u011fum yeri olarak \u201cRize\/F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131\/ T\u00fcrkiye\u201d diye yaz\u0131yor. Tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131 evrak \u00fczerinde \u201c01. O1. 1904\u2019de F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131\u2019da do\u011fmu\u015ftur\u201d \u00a0kayd\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiyeli bir Laz oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Muhtemelen annesi Rus idi. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, \u00e7ok iyi Rus\u00e7a da biliyordu. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin s\u00f6yledi\u011fine g\u00f6re, G\u00fcrcistan Lazlar\u0131ndan ancak yirmi tanesi G\u00fcrc\u00fcce biliyordu. 1925\u2019lere kadar o b\u00f6lgede \u201clingua franca\u201d olarak Osmanl\u0131ca, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fuluyordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7ok etnikli bir b\u00f6lgeydi. Rumlar, Ermeniler ve di\u011ferleri vard\u0131. Ve hepsi ortak anla\u015fma dili olarak, \u201clingua franca\u201d T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019yi konu\u015fuyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin e\u011fitimi ve akademik kariyeri hakk\u0131nda da daha \u00e7ok \u015fifah\u00ee bilgiler var. Okul arkada\u015flar\u0131 Yosef Megrelidze, Akaki \u015eanidze, Aleksandr Vront\u0306i, ki bunlar\u0131n hepsi G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f G\u00fcrc\u00fc dilbilimcileridir. Bunlardan Yosef Megrelidze ile Leningrad\u2019da alt\u0131 ay ayn\u0131 evi payla\u015fm\u0131\u015flar. Fakat Yosef Megrelidze, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi hakk\u0131nda tek kelime bile etmekten imtina etmi\u015ftir. Bu konuda b\u00f6yle bir bask\u0131 vard\u0131 ki, bu adam \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde seksen ya\u015flar\u0131ndayd\u0131. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, Moskova\u2019da \u201cDo\u011fu Dilleri\u201dnde okudu. \u00a0Leningrad\u2019ta da \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Nikolay Maar, Sovyetler\u2019in ilk d\u00f6neminde, 1945\u2019lere kadar \u00a0dilbilim alan\u0131nda y\u00f6n veren ki\u015fiydi. \u00a0Nikolay Maar, Lazca \u00fczerinde de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, Nikolay Maar\u2019\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencilerinden biriydi. 1934\u2019te Tiflis \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u201cKafkas Dilleri K\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fc\u201d a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve orada Lazca uzman\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f. 1934\u2019de Nikolay Marr \u00f6l\u00fcyor ve 1936\u2019da Nikolay Marr ad\u0131na bir enst\u00fct\u00fc kuruluyor. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, bu enstit\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcyelerinden biri. Mahkeme tutana\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re; \u201ctutuklanmadan \u00f6nce, (1938) SSCB Bilimler Akademisi Azerbaycan \u015fubesi ba\u015fkan\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, 1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda di\u011fer Lazlarla, ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara d\u00e2hil olmu\u015f; edeb\u00ee Lazcay\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015f. \u0130lk Lazca kitaplar, edeb\u00ee eserler ona aittir. Laz Ulusal \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc kadrolar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funu da o yeti\u015ftirmi\u015f. Bu bilgileri Giorgi Dimitrof\u2019a yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektuptan \u00f6\u011freniyoruz. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kalan birka\u00e7 eseri var. Bunlardan ilki, \u201cM\u00e7\u0306ita Murun\u0292xi\/ K\u0131z\u0131l Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u201d adl\u0131 Lazca gazete. Bu gazete, 7 Kas\u0131m 1929\u2019da, Per\u015fembe g\u00fcn\u00fc \u201c\u0421\u0443\u0445\u0443\u043c\u201d\/ Sohum\u2019da yay\u0131nland\u0131. Bu gazete, Kom\u00fcnist Parti Abhazya B\u00f6lgesel Komitesi\u2019nin ve Merkez\u00ee Y\u00fcr\u00fctme Kurulu\u2019nun yay\u0131n organ\u0131 olarak yay\u0131nland\u0131. B\u00f6ylesi bir yasal dayana\u011fa sahipti. \u00a0Bu \u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019ye Abhazya Y\u00f6netimi Lideri Nestor Lakoba\u2019n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz. \u015eifah\u00ee olarak bu bilgileri ediniyoruz. Muhammed Vanili\u015fi, 1960\u2019larda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 otobiyografisinde \u201cM\u00e7\u0306ita Murun\u0292xi\u201d hakk\u0131nda yorum yap\u0131yor. Fak\u00fcltede okudu\u011fu y\u0131llardan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere merkez\u00ee komitenin y\u00f6nlendirmesiyle s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda illegal faaliyetler yap\u0131yormu\u015f. Sohum ise, \u00a0bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n merkezini olu\u015fturuyormu\u015f. Muhammed Vanili\u015fi, daha sonra parti \u00fcyesi olan R\u0131za Bibino\u011flu, Helim Haziri\u015fi, Ali Kurto\u011flu, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ve Abhazya Merkez Y\u00f6netim Kurulundan bir ki\u015fi ve ad\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ki\u015fi daha bu merkeze d\u00e2hilmi\u015f. S\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi propaganda e\u011fitmeni olarak se\u00e7ilmi\u015f. 1929- 1936 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fcterek \u201cM\u00e7\u0306ita Murun\u0292xi\u201d adl\u0131 gazeteyi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boy olmak \u00fczere sadece iki say\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyor. Bu gazetenin yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Gazete, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e alfabe ile yaz\u0131yordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiyeli Lazlar\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fc dilini ve alfabesini bilmediklerini belirtiyor. Ve bu \u015fekilde notlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor Muhammed Vanili\u015fi. Muhammed Vanili\u015fi, sadece iki say\u0131 diyor. Asl\u0131nda anlat\u0131m metninde 3 yaz\u0131yor, ancak daha sonra bunun \u00fczerini \u00e7izip iki yazm\u0131\u015f; d\u00fczeltmi\u015f. El yaz\u0131s\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir metin bu. Asl\u0131nda gazetenin ka\u00e7 say\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir mesele. Muhammed Vanili\u015fi, \u201cM\u00e7\u0306ita Murun\u0292xi\u201dyi propaganda i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131; \u201cLazca ya\u015fas\u0131n\u201d diye bir kayg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatmak istiyor. L\u00e2f\u0131, \u201caman yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u201d, demeye getiriyor! Bu gazetenin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye giri\u015fi Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131yla yasaklan\u0131yor. 1938\u2019de de T\u00fcrk-Sovyet s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 kapat\u0131l\u0131yor. \u201cM\u00e7\u0306ita Murun\u0292xi\u201dde kullan\u0131lan alfabenin i\u015flevsel olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi 1930\u2019da yeni bir alfabe olu\u015fturuyor. Ve bu alfabeyle de Lazca ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flay\u0131nca Tiflis y\u00f6netimi de bo\u015f durmuyor. \u00a0\u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, bu Lazca \u00a0kitaplar\u0131 neden yaz\u0131yor?! Bu kitaplar ders kitab\u0131. 1932- 1936 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Abhazya, Sohum\u2019da birka\u00e7 tane Laz okulu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor. \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l Lazistan\u201d kolhozu olu\u015fturuluyor, merkez olmak \u00fczere. Yine G\u00fcrcistan Sarp\u2019\u0131nda da okul a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu d\u00f6nemde \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131; bildi\u011fimiz, elimizde olan kitaplar \u015funlar: 1932 tarihli \u201c\u00c7quni \u00c7hara\u201d; 1933\u2019de Lazca Matematik kitab\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nl\u0131yor; iki cilt olarak. Natia Popova\u2019n\u0131n Rus\u00e7a matematik kitab\u0131ndan \u00e7eviriyor bunu, birinci cilt birinci, ikinci cilt ikinci s\u0131n\u0131flar i\u00e7in. 1935\u2019te \u201cAlboni\u201dyi yay\u0131nl\u0131yor. 1937\u2019de \u201cOk\u0306itxu\u015feni Supara\u201dy\u0131 yay\u0131nl\u0131yor, \u201cOkuma kitab\u0131\u201d, Hayat Bilgisi kitab\u0131 olarak. Bu kitap iki cilt. \u0130lk cildi elimizde yok. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, bunlardan ba\u015fka \u201cSovyet Ansiklopedisi\u201dnde \u201cLaz Dili \u201d ve \u201cLaz Edebiyat\u0131\u201d hakk\u0131nda makaleler de yay\u0131nl\u0131yor. Orada kendisinden de bahsediyor. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi; Jarov, Bez\u0131mensky, Gorky gibi yazarlardan Lazca\u2019ya \u00e7evirileri oldu\u011funa da vurgu yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n \u0130skenderi Tzita\u015fi\u2019yi daha iyi anlayabilmemiz i\u00e7in, okullar i\u00e7in yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Lazca ders kitaplar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka, yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektuplara da bakmal\u0131y\u0131z. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, aktif bir kom\u00fcnist ve Sovyet y\u00f6netiminde tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 da var. Partili, komsomolluk yapm\u0131\u015f. O d\u00f6nemde Lazlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131larla ilgili s\u00fcrekli Sovyet kurumlar\u0131na mektuplar yaz\u0131yor. \u00a0Bu mektuplardan bir tanesi Stalin\u2019e. Bir di\u011fer mektubu da Komintern y\u00fcr\u00fctme kurulundan Dimitrof\u2019a. Beria\u2019ya yazm\u0131\u015f. Makharadze\u2019ye ve di\u011fer \u00f6nde gelen ki\u015fi ve kurumlara Lazlar\u0131n siyas\u00ee, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik durumlar\u0131 ve desteklenmelerine ili\u015fkin mektuplar yazm\u0131\u015f. Bu mektuplardan yaln\u0131zca iki tanesi hen\u00fcz elimizde. Stalin\u2019e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektup, tam metin olarak, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l (2012) Laz K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi\u2019nden yay\u0131nlanan \u201c\u00c7quni \u00c7hara\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n i\u00e7inde yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u00a0\u00a0Bu mektubunda, ayd\u0131nlanmac\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ili\u015fkin olarak \u00f6nerilerde de bulunuyor. \u0130lkokul s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde Lazca e\u011fitimin sa\u011flanmas\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7in Abhazya ve Acaristan Halk E\u011fitim Merkezlerine Lazca e\u011fitim i\u00e7in teklif g\u00f6nderilmesi; okuma kul\u00fcpleri kurulmas\u0131; Abhaz Devlet yay\u0131nlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kacak eserler aras\u0131na Lazca ile ilgili edeb\u00ee ve sanatsal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n da eklenmesi; anadil sorunlar\u0131 ve yaz\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin konular\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesi; \u201cYeni Laz Alfabesi Birimi\u201dnin tan\u0131nmas\u0131; bunun i\u00e7in Abhazya ve Acaristan\u2019daki ilgili kurumlar\u0131n gerekli ara\u00e7lar\u0131n kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7malar\u0131 konusundaki \u00a0taleplerini Stalin\u2019e iletiyor.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ikinci mektubu, Komintern Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Georgi Dimitrof\u2019a yazm\u0131\u015f. Bu mektubu A\u011fustos 1937\u2019de kaleme alm\u0131\u015f. Bu mektubu niye Dimotrof\u2019a yazm\u0131\u015f?! Bunun iki sebebi var. \u0130lk sebep, Dimitrof\u2019un Komintern\u2019in ba\u015fkan\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da d\u00fcnyadaki b\u00fct\u00fcn kom\u00fcnist partilerle temas i\u00e7inde olmas\u0131; TKF ile de temas i\u00e7inde olmas\u0131. Mektupta TKF\u2019nin Laz sorununa d\u00e2hil olmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyecek. Dimitrof\u2019a bu mektubu yazmas\u0131n\u0131n ikinci sebebi, Dimitrof\u2019un, \u00a0ulusal sorunlar\u0131; \u00a0\u201c\u0131rk, kabile ve dil guruplar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z\u201d olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011fi \u015feklindeki bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7indir. Dimitrof\u2019un b\u00f6yle bir s\u00f6ylemi var. Bunu neden vurguluyor?! \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc G\u00fcrc\u00fcler, Lazlar ile olan dil akrabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Lazlar \u00fczerinde egemenlik kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, bu mektubunda G\u00fcrc\u00fc bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiriyor. Dimitrof, bu mektubu G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki yetkililere ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Silsile yoluyla mektup Lavrenti Beria\u2019ya G\u00fcrcistan KP lideri\u2019ne ula\u015f\u0131yor. Bu ki\u015fi, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ipini \u00e7eken adamd\u0131r! (Ar\u015fivdeki) bu mektubun \u00fczerinde, \u201cyazar casusluk su\u00e7uyla tutukland\u0131\u201d ibaresi var. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, bu mektubunda G\u00fcrc\u00fc milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi ve G\u00fcrc\u00fc bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiriyor. G\u00fcrc\u00fc dilbilimcilerin, Yaz\u0131l\u0131 Laz edebiyat\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiriyor. G\u00fcrc\u00fc milliyet\u00e7ilerin, Laz tarihine sahip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. \u201cYaz\u0131l\u0131 Laz diline, Lazca e\u011fitimine ve Laz okullar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyorlar,\u201d diyor bu mektupta. (\u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131) bu kampanyalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten ki\u015fi Arnold \u00c7ikobava\u2019d\u0131r. O d\u00f6nemde, Lazlar n\u00fcfus kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda G\u00fcrc\u00fc olarak kaydedilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, buna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Aralar\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir Laz\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ancak Laz okullar\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir toplant\u0131 Tiflis\u2019te d\u00fczenleniyor. Tiflis\u2019teki bu toplant\u0131n\u0131n konusu, Latin alfabesine dayanan Laz alfabesinin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131; Lazlara G\u00fcrc\u00fccenin tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131; ilkokul birinci s\u0131n\u0131flarda Lazca \u00f6\u011fretim verilmesi, ancak bunun G\u00fcrc\u00fc Alfabesi ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar, G\u00fcrc\u00fc politikac\u0131, dilbilimci ve milliyet\u00e7ilerinin inisiyatifi ile toplanan bu komisyonda konu\u015fuluyor. G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da ya\u015fayan Laz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131, ilkokul birinci s\u0131n\u0131flarda Lazca e\u011fitim g\u00f6rs\u00fcn, ama di\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131flarda G\u00fcrc\u00fcce olsun, diye bu komisyonda karar al\u0131nmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, 1936\u2019da Lazca e\u011fitim tamamen bitmi\u015f. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, Giorgi Dimitrofa\u2019a yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektubunda dile getiriyor. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, Tiflis\u2019te bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. Tiflis\u2019in Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n, okullarda Lazca e\u011fitim almalar\u0131n\u0131 engellemesi, T\u00fcrkiye Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmesini de s\u0131rt\u0131ndan han\u00e7erlemektir, diye de belirtiyor \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, hem G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da hem de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u201culusal bir Laz sorunu\u201d oldu\u011funu da tespit ediyor. Bu sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de TKF vas\u0131tas\u0131yla d\u00e2hil olmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor; Dimitrof\u2019a da bunun i\u00e7in yaz\u0131yor. Bu konuda \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin bir tak\u0131m tespit ve \u00f6nerileri var. Hem TKF hem de di\u011ferlerinin bu konulardan bihaber olduklar\u0131na vurgu yapar. Dimitrof\u2019tan \u00a0Laz sorununun Komintern ve TKF nezdinde ve G\u00fcrcistan KP\u2019de \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini istiyor. Dimitrof, bu mektubu, G\u00fcrcistan KP\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Konuyu TKF\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p ula\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyoruz. Bu mektubun ekinde, \u201cLazistan\u2019da Tar\u0131m Sorunu\u201d ve \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fme\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir rapor da var. Bu rapor hen\u00fcz T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evrilmedi. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, \u201cLazlar\u0131n ekonomik \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi\u201d alan\u0131nda da \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l Lazistan\u201d adl\u0131 bir kolhozun da \u00a0kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 da sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Abhazya\u2019da iki kolhoz kurdu. Biri Bz\u0131b\u2019te, di\u011feri Skur\u00e7a\u2019daki \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l Lazistan\u201d. Bir kolhoz da Sarp\u2019ta bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, fikirleri sebebiyle 1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n \u201cb\u00fct\u00fcn bilim adamlar\u0131\u201dyla kavgal\u0131 durumdayd\u0131. Ayn\u0131 Enstit\u00fcde birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 Arnold \u00c7ikobava ile aralar\u0131nda enstit\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7me konusunda bir rekabet vard\u0131. Arnold \u00c7ikobava da, Lazca \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Arnold \u00c7ikobava, Lazcan\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fccenin bir diyalekti oldu\u011fu tezini savunuyordu. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ise, ayn\u0131 zamanda Nikolay Maar\u2019\u0131n dil tezi yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 savunuyordu. Arnold \u00c7ikobava ise, Nikolay Maar\u2019\u0131n bu tezlerine kar\u015f\u0131yd\u0131. Bu sebeple de \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ile Arnold \u00c7ikobava aras\u0131nda bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma daha vard\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bu sebeplerden, Arnold \u00c7ikobava, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019yi Lavrenti Beria\u2019ya \u00a0jurnallemi\u015f. Bu Arnold \u00c7ikobava\u2019n\u0131n kendi evl\u00e2tl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir bilgidir.<\/p>\n 1938\u2019de yaln\u0131zca Laz alfabesi G\u00fcrc\u00fc alfabesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmedi; Abhaz Alfabesi de G\u00fcrc\u00fc alfabesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. 1938\u2019de G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde bir \u015feyler de\u011fi\u015fti. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, Abhazya\u2019daki en \u00f6nemli dostu Nestor Lakoba \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcnce desteksiz kald\u0131. 10 Haziran 1938 tarihli, Stalin ve Molotov imzal\u0131 bir karar ile G\u00fcrcistan SSCB\u2019deki \u00a0Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme Asker\u00ee Heyeti taraf\u0131ndan yarg\u0131lanmaya tabi ki\u015filer listesine al\u0131nd\u0131. Tutuklama karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu listenin 158. s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ismi var. 21 Haziran 1938\u2019de mahkemesi yap\u0131ld\u0131. 22 Haziran 1938 \u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcn\u00fc vurularak idam edildi. Mezar\u0131 belli de\u011fil. Vurulanlar toplu mezarlarda defnediliyorlard\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde paralel olaylar var. Megrel \u0130saki Jvania, Tro\u00e7kizm ile su\u00e7lan\u0131yor ve o da idam ediliyor.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019den sonra Laz \u00f6nderli\u011fini G\u00fcrc\u00fc milliyet\u00e7ileri ele ge\u00e7iriyor. Lazlar aras\u0131ndan da yanda\u015f buluyorlar. Muhammed Vanili\u015fi bunlar\u0131n en \u00f6nde gelenidir. Bu adam, 1964\u2019te G\u00fcrc\u00fc tezlerini dillendiren, \u201cLazlar\u2019\u0131n Tarihi\u201d diye de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilen, \u201cLazeti ” diye bir kitap yaz\u0131yor, Ali Tandilava ile birlikte. O kitapta, \u201cLazlar\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fc boyu oldu\u011fu; Lazcan\u0131n \u00a0G\u00fcrc\u00fcce oldu\u011fu; Lazlar\u0131n ne kadar G\u00fcrc\u00fcceye hasret (!) \u00a0kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahseden bir kitap. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n resm\u00ee tezine muhalif olmas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebeptir. O d\u00f6nem milyonlarca insan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc de, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi neden \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc?! Beria\u2019y\u0131 ve G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki kodamanlar\u0131 rahats\u0131z etmi\u015f bu adam. Haz\u0131r herkes gidiyorken! Onu da pe\u015fi s\u0131ra g\u00f6ndermi\u015fler!<\/p>\n G\u00fcrcistan, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra, onun yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rtmeye, yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 saklamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f. 1938\u2019den 1990\u2019lara kadar, Wolfgang Feurstein, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019yi ke\u015ffedene kadar onun hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir bilgimiz yoktu. Kimse de bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylemiyordu. Ancak \u01eeate Ba\u0292a\u015fi\u2019yi anmak l\u00e2z\u0131m. O, \u00a0\u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin kitab\u0131 \u201cAlboni\u201dyi buldu. 1974\u2019te, san\u0131r\u0131m, t\u0131pk\u0131bas\u0131m olarak Moskova\u2019da gizliden gizliye tekrar bast\u0131. Tabii o zamanlar gen\u00e7ti. \u015eimdi biraz de\u011fi\u015fti!<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye ajanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 su\u00e7lamas\u0131\u201dyla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ama kom\u00fcnizme ve Sovyetlere son derece ba\u011fl\u0131 bir insand\u0131. Fakat G\u00fcrc\u00fcler halen O\u2019nun bir Rus ajan\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar. Onu itibars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Bunu \u00f6zellikle de Muhammed Vanili\u015fi yap\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Aka-der\u2019deki paneli d\u00fczenlemekle ne kadar isabetli davran\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131m. Ke\u015fke \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nce b\u00f6yle bir panel d\u00fczenlenebilseydi. A\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6ylemeliyim; o panelde Mehmet Ali Bar\u0131\u015f Be\u015fli de, \u0130smail Avc\u0131 da, Ahmet Hulusi K\u0131r\u0131m da olmal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n Ku\u015fkusuz \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi konusu burada bitmiyor; yeni ba\u015fl\u0131yor. E\u011fer Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, Laz dili ve kimli\u011fini ya\u015fatmak gibi bir m\u00fccadele yolunu se\u00e7erlerse, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ger\u00e7e\u011fini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karma ve \u00e7izgisini de sahiplenme istekleri, onlar\u0131 daha da ileri bir noktaya g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek. Bunun i\u00e7in de kolektif bir alg\u0131, kolektif bir duru\u015f ve kolektif bir m\u00fccadeleye ihtiya\u00e7 var.<\/p>\n Burada bir tekrarlamada bulunmak istiyorum: \u201cTiflis; G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ve Abhazya\u2019daki Laz kimli\u011fini G\u00fcrc\u00fc kimli\u011fine yamamak istiyor; Lazcan\u0131n dil olarak say\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. B\u00fct\u00fcn manevralar\u0131n sebebi bu. Tiflis, kendi resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezlerine uygun olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de kafalar\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak ve adam dev\u015firmek i\u00e7in \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f insanlar\u0131 bile kullanmaktan \u00e7ekinmiyor.<\/p>\n Tiflis, Lazlar ve Lazca konusunda cidd\u00ee ise, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin mezar\u0131n\u0131 bulsun ve b\u00fct\u00fcn itibar\u0131n\u0131 iade etsin. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019yi Gonio\u2019da yap\u0131lacak bir an\u0131t mezarda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir t\u00f6renle tekrar topra\u011fa versin. Ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan b\u00fct\u00fcn kitaplar\u0131 yeniden yay\u0131nlas\u0131n. Ad\u0131, Batum\u2019da bir caddeye verilsin. Ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan bir koro kurulsun. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc tesis edilsin. Tedav\u00fcldeki posta pulu ve banknotlarda \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin foto\u011fraf\u0131na yer verilsin.<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ad\u0131 ge\u00e7ince akla hemen gelen bir kent var: Sohum. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ilk Lazca ders kitaplar\u0131 bu kentte yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cM\u00e7\u0306ita Muru\u0292xi\/ K\u0131z\u0131l Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u201d adl\u0131 Lazca gazete bu kentte yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin \u00f6nderlik etti\u011fi \u201cM\u00e7\u0306ita Lazistan\/ K\u0131z\u0131l Lazistan\u201d adl\u0131 kolhoz, Abhazya\u2019da te\u015fkil edilmi\u015fti. \u0130lk Laz okullar\u0131 Abhazya\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Abhazya Parlamentosu\u2019nun 15 Ekim 1997 tarihinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplant\u0131ya de\u011finmeden ge\u00e7meyece\u011fim. Bu tarihte Abhazyal\u0131 Lazlar\u0131n da durumlar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015fti. Lazlar\u0131n da haks\u0131z yere su\u00e7land\u0131klar\u0131 belirtilmi\u015f ve su\u00e7land\u0131klar\u0131 konularda itibarlar\u0131n\u0131n iade edilmesi istenmi\u015fti. Sonra ne oldu?! Bilmiyoruz. Bug\u00fcn Sohum\u2019deki siyasi otorite de Laz Halk \u00d6nderi \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi hakk\u0131nda giri\u015fimlerde bulunmal\u0131. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ad\u0131 Sohumi\u2019de bir caddeye verilmeli. \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ad\u0131na bir Laz halk \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131 korosu kurulmal\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ad\u0131na bir heykel Sohum\u2019da bir meydana dikilmeli. (Abhazya Parlamentosu\u2019nun a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131, Apsadg\u0131l Derne\u011fi\u2019nin yay\u0131n organ\u0131 “Abazamy\u00fca\u2019n\u0131n 2 (3) no\u2019lu say\u0131s\u0131nda okumu\u015ftum. Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu\u2019nda bulundu\u011fum \u201cKafkasya Yaz\u0131lar\u0131\u201dna, bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131n\u0131 teklif ettim; kabul edildi ve yay\u0131nland\u0131. Konunun ayr\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 merak ederler, \u201cKafkasya Yaz\u0131lar\u0131\u201dn\u0131n 6. say\u0131s\u0131na bakabilirler.)<\/p>\n \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019yi ve kendisine her zaman yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan yolda\u015f\u0131 Nestor Lakoba\u2019y\u0131 sayg\u0131yla an\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n +<\/p>\n (Pangea- Halklar Dersli\u011fi\u2019nde, 5 XII 2013 Per\u015fembe g\u00fcn\u00fc, saat 20: 00-22: 00\u2019da verdi\u011fim derste faydaland\u0131\u011f\u0131m metindir. Bu metindeki ifade bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczelttim. Konuyla ilgili, sonradan yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da \u201c\u00f6nerilen okumalar\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ekledim.)<\/p>\n +<\/p>\n (\u00d6nerilen okumalar<\/strong>: \u201cAbhazya Parlamentosu\u2019nun A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131\u201d, Kafkasya Yaz\u0131lar\u0131, say\u0131 6, \u00c7iviyaz\u0131lar\u0131 Yay\u0131nevi, \u0130stanbul, 1999; \u018fdal\u0259t Tahirzad\u0259, Ercan Kara, \u0130brahim Bayrako\u011flu (\u00c7evirenler), \u201cChita\u015fi\u2019nin Kendi Kaleminden Biyografisi\u201d, Ogni Dergisi, Say\u0131 7, Laz K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi Yay\u0131n\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2017; \u00a0 Ahmet Mican Zehiro\u011flu, \u201cAntik \u00c7a\u011flarda Karadeniz\u201d, Chiviyazilari Yay\u0131nevi, \u0130stanbul, 2000; Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz, \u201cLaz Kimlik M\u00fccadelesinde \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin \u00d6nemi\u201d, 14 IV 2013, yusufbulut.com\/ sonhaber.ch\/ circassiancenter.com.tr; Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz, \u201cBirinci Basamak Lazca Dersleri Kursunu Tamamlad\u0131k\u201d, 12 V 2013, yusufbulut.com\/ sonhaber.ch\/ circassiancenter.com.tr; Arnold \u00c7ikobava, \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksive (Haz\u0131rlayan\u201d, \u201cLazuri Tekstepe\/ Lazca Metinler- 1\u201d, Laz K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi Yay\u0131n\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2012; Gerg Am\u0131cba, Hayri Ersoy (\u00c7eviren) , \u201cOrta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da Abhazlar, Lazlar\u201d, Nart Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul, 1993; Givi G. Kar\u00e7ava: \u201c K\u00e2z\u0131m, k\u00fclt\u00fcr derimi yapan bir insand\u0131!\u201d, 6 V 2012, sonhaber.ch\/ gurcuhaber.com\/ circassiancenter.com.tr; Hasan Uzunhasano\u011flu: \u201cLazca, bir dialekt (a\u011f\u0131z, \u015five) de\u011fil, bir dildir!\u201d, 21 VIII 2019, sonhaber.ch\/ gurcuhaber.com\/ circassiancenter.com.tr; \u0130ldiko Beller- Hann (\u00c7eviren: Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz), \u201cDo\u011fu Karadeniz\u2019de Efsane, Tarih, K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u201d, \u00c7iviyaz\u0131lar\u0131 Yay\u0131nevi, \u0130stanbul, 1999; \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva, \u201cYeni Bilgiler I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130skender Chita\u015fi, Ogni Dergisi, Say\u0131 7, Laz K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi Yay\u0131n\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2017; \u0130rfan \u00c7a\u011fatay Aleksiva, \u201cAbhazyada Bol\u015fevik Lazlar\u0131n Gerilla Birli\u011fi: Laz Timi\u201d, Jineps Gazetesi, 1 II 2020; \u0130rfan \u00c7. Aleksiva, \u201c\u0130ki Osmanl\u0131 Ayd\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n Kaleminden Lazlar ve Lazistan\u201d, Heyamola Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2020; \u0130smail Avc\u0131 Bucakli\u015fi, \u201cLaz Alfabesinin Ger\u00e7ek Mimar\u0131\u201d, Jineps Gazetesi, 1 IV 2017; \u0130smail Avc\u0131 Bucakli\u015fi, \u201cJapon \u0130\u015fi Laz Alfabesi\u201d, Jineps Gazetesi, 1 V 2017; Muhammed Vanili\u015fi, Ali Tandilava, Hayri Hayrio\u011flu (\u00c7eviren), \u201cLazlar\u2019\u0131n Tarihi\u201d, Ant Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 1992; Mustafa Saadet: \u201cBa\u015f\u0131bo\u015f hayvanlar s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ihl\u00e2l ediyordu!\u201d, 15 XII 2018, circassiancenter.com.tr; Nil\u00fcfer Devri\u015fova, \u201cK\u0131rg\u0131zistan\u2019da Ya\u015fayan S\u00fcrg\u00fcn Lazlar\u201d, Bizim Ah\u0131ska Dergisi, Say\u0131 22, Ankara, 2011\/ ahiska.org.tr; \u00d6nder Acar: \u201cO\u00e7am\u00e7ire\u2019deki Laz Okulu\u2019nda da \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f anneannem!\u201d, 11 X 2019, circassiancenter.com\/ gurcuhaber.com; Parna- Beka \u00c7ila\u015fvili, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de G\u00fcrc\u00fcler ve Lazlar, iki dergi ve iki \u00f6nder\u2026\u201d, 11 IX 2019,tetripiala. wordpress.com; Selma Ko\u00e7iva: \u201cSon aktif y\u0131llar\u0131m\u0131 Laz Edebiyat\u0131na vermek istiyorum!\u201d 24 II 2021\u201d, sonhaber.ch, circassiancenter.com.tr; gurcuhaber.com; \u015eemseddin Sami, Fahrettin \u00c7ilo\u011flu (\u00c7evri yaz\u0131 ), \u201cK\u00e2m\u00fcs- ul \u00c2l\u00e2m\u2019da Lazlar ve Lazistan\u201d, Ogni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi, say\u0131 2, \u0130stanbul, 1994; Wolfgang Feurstein, \u0130brahim Dip\u015fov (\u00c7eviren), \u201cLaz Halk \u0130nanc\u0131nda Germak\u0306o\u00e7i\u201d, Kafkasya Yaz\u0131lar\u0131, say\u0131 2, \u00c7iviyaz\u0131lar\u0131 Yay\u0131nevi, \u0130stanbul, 1997; Y\u0131lmaz Erdo\u011fan: \u201cBizimkiler Sohum\u2019a yerle\u015fmi\u015f!\u201d, 22 XI 2018, circassiancenter.com.tr)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ali İhsan Aksamaz Roma\/ Bizans İmparatorluğu döneminde kullanılan “Λαζοί , Laz\/i” terimi, bugünkü “Лази, ლაზი , Laz\/i” ve “маргали, მარგალი, “Margal\/i” halkını ifade etmek için kullanılıyordu. Roma\/ Bizanslıların “Λαζοί, Laz\/i” dedikleri halka, bugün kendileri ve\/ya komşuları “Laz\/i, Margal\/i, Megrel\/i, Mi(n)grel, Agrwa” diyor. Roma, Pers, Bizans, Arap, Osmanlı ve Rusya gibi imparatorlukların Kafkasya ve Doğu Karadeniz […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[135],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23815","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yazarlar-ali-ihsan-aksamaz-laz-kulturu","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23815","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23815"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23815\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23826,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23815\/revisions\/23826"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEjAQqrt1VBOJpGrxGnIcnGOvHg5iRl9s8mBAbwMijdCWeC_1yjVjj9ACYAjipd3E8XRxzXI2_hQSkJPzax_1QNYsNvkdlH1HaztPQO8yYEtAIRMO0mP04ai0gsLngLr3HJEpBF8E_bR-SC9_TC88R6WJiOEV2nB0wI6uHE5WEcscBRj1sgknaipOERVkw=w452-h640\")
\n1937\u2019den beri kapal\u0131 olan Sarp S\u0131n\u0131r Kap\u0131s\u0131, \u00d6zal H\u00fck\u00fcmeti d\u00f6neminde, 31 A\u011fustos 1988\u2019de yeniden a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n
\n\u201cOgni Dergisi, s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir yere dayamad\u0131\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n
\nEfendi\u015fi Faik,\u00a0 Laz Edebiyat\u0131 ve onunla da Laz kimli\u011fi m\u00fccadelesinin ilk \u00f6nderi say\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak \u015fimdilik onun hayat\u0131na ili\u015fkin fazla bir \u015fey bilemiyoruz. Efendi\u015fi Faik\u2019in ad\u0131n\u0131 ilk olarak Nikolay Marr\u2019dan duyuyoruz. Farkl\u0131 kaynaklar da Efendi\u015fi Faik hakk\u0131nda bize bilgi veriyor. Osman T\u0306amt\u0306ruli\u2019nin kitab\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yor: \u201cEfendi\u015fi Faik, Lazca ilk kitab\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karan Laz\u2019d\u0131. Lazca yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Sultan Abd\u00fclhamid onu yakalad\u0131 ve hapishaneye att\u0131. Yazd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n hepsini yakt\u0131lar, kayboldular. Hapishaneden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra Faik yine ba\u015flad\u0131 ve Lazca yaz\u0131yordu. Lazlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 Faik\u2019i \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler.\u201d
\n\u0418\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0426\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u0422\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\/ \u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\/ \u0130skender \u01eeita\u015fi\/ Tzita\u015fi \u0130skender, Lazca anadili okullar\u0131n\u0131n direkt\u00f6r\u00fcyd\u00fc. Lazca gazete \u201c\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\/ M\u00e7\u0306ita Murun\u0292xi\/ K\u0131z\u0131l Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u201d\u0131n (1929\u2019da), Lazca anadili okullar\u0131nda okutulan \u10d0\u10da\u10d1\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\/ Alfabe\u2019nin (1935\u2019te) ve \u201c\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\/ Ok\u0306itxu\u015feni Supara\/ Okuma Kitab\u0131\u201dn\u0131n (1937) yay\u0131nlamas\u0131na Abhazya\/ Sohum\u2019da \u00f6nderlik etti. Yine belirtmeliyim; Sovyet \u0130ktidar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda, Acaristan ve Abhazya\u2019daki Lazlar\u0131n Anadili okullar\u0131 vard\u0131. O zaman Lazca gazeteleri, Lazca tiyatrolar\u0131 ve Lazca kitaplar\u0131 vard\u0131. Sovyet \u0130ktidar\u0131, Laz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 kendi anadillerini okuma -yazmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frensinler diye onlara destek oluyordu. Ancak Laz dilinin d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 \u0130skender\u2019i de \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler, Laz Halk \u00f6nderlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n
\n\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Yaz\u0131l\u0131 Laz Edebiyat\u0131 Sohum\u2019da yarat\u0131ld\u0131; \u0130lk Laz okullar\u0131 Abhazya\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n
\nLaz ressam Hasan Helimi\u015fi\u2019nin 1938\u2019de Sibirya\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fclmesine sebep olan yar\u0131m kalm\u0131\u015f tablo: <\/em>Nestor ve Sariya Lakoba<\/p>\n
\nSovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nden \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcnl\u00fc Laz: \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi (1904- 1938), Hasan Helimi\u015fi (1907- 1975) , Muhammed Vanili\u015fi (1909- 1997) <\/em><\/p>\n
\n\u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, Komintern Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Georgi Dimitrof\u2019a da Abhazya ve Acaristan Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n <\/em>siyas\u00ee, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve ekonomik durumlar\u0131n\u0131 iletti ve destek arad\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n
\nArnold \u00c7ikobava ile \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi aras\u0131nda akademik alanda ki\u015fisel rekabet vard\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n
\nLatin Temelli Abhaz Alfabesi de G\u00fcrc\u00fc Temelli Alfabeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc (Maitland Daily Mercury Gazetesi, 4 VII 1938)<\/em><\/p>\n
\nAkademisyen Wolfgang Feurstein ve SB\u2019nin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f d\u00f6neminde Bat\u0131 Almanya\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan \u201cLazuri Alfabe\u201d ve sonraki di\u011fer yay\u0131nlar\u0131 <\/em><\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEhWvzwZOop2HoGZ_b4M5EZ6WKfCbZvwJ7EP-bABX0oUiM8E-FjpBrRlJ7zuFwWdxIsLVM10X1Mn7jzaC6d2fpU93SAYzPaRlcQUc4RG8e2gvcop8pRrScIne5feFj8h_fMYNOsDYgXAyly0WAOhwD4QhLGI2zGXvmcHDumZ2_XR75exOT5qPER-uvUyKA=w624-h640\")
![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEgxhiaNjAnT-VWJtraK08HsSxQgi3-yrDZHiRNTmaGArXpfGJ6OBENEq3uwyc4BYnbdY3M3k-uXYVfxOCy_xiDC99HLvxule9enPdQigWDB-8B6tKqX_jp5U8TBg3GIKwk87m_7HvRohb2FBK7uyxmg7Ozj_4b1qtZYufYhOf2PHoMOG-Buy8yMovq5GA=w558-h640\")
![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEh1NlUITywBW8xfcO8JcwPTmNIwIboH7GTrAZmPyvWZr_LNEVXOhHdXiCZC-eaIjsHoczhu1ZiCW_iFoycvW5hR1tau0AL3aT27odoOg7tSgbQ0Ypz9D_ycD0rpp8dNRakvvu9-aObKeiXODKPyNvsOp6INWcSI_G-1w42jwCWNCRZl_j6d1CY8Zo-I8w=w640-h308\")
![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEg9SPC-1hHNXrwxRHuU6Op1RxDt9Lb2liz3L-reB8IR7YWe5nFOxEX4Ue9C96D68AKoIDnvQBhz_ISkbssHEC3VgO-N-rQ2MvM88RZgBAVuFGlQtzq5dHbg9s6CsdQAVH8E7xO768NwNMf8aTmj0SkDjdPWWyOlj7ElNMUtreBZ-3u9HWw63RIwaLyZ-Q=w640-h280\")
![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEg5opFuakYZthUKmVB9pGKLJR5SOXUnbQyd_ezKoEnvrqv6jiaWtAvuJGaluBp26UeRL9EDBNCh1BhLxuYgikPpo5FmHXF5M4gtUyJ-9HrhYwA6nqhRelQRn_cO2wJ5NQq64jM8e1RkS5fhBF5BojljPW7ZqTsGTzIeG0hXAUthNfY5cPe1SYM015PVnQ=w640-h286\")
![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEhvthpB_OA4cN_ZmkUp5CXzugs2yFPVUcqKIKbwDjlO4g0EuoPobJWXgo2qBfrRjbpX1t4PECqIjCOzVM_IMplEVi3HWQiGfZlXbC-9Bi2R85w4IH9-QdpMrRPO_dVxHEuCv9fqFqpCdvdoew1mD5IIPKuhJDt0q1q_7VoLamLHJEHyfFic0LJVahXeMQ=s320\")
![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEjU5bC_Agc5K-fW4-5j4pEL5VphCyYcPnyXjPhZ5ccwcaQ-AZK-k3yf3qWQJu7-3MmHhbhdFK6YXmkgzUysICsdVvIHQN5VtGYDlXBnGB03D5pqThps4KOHzuDTp6YN27wkwVrXxBb8Wd07gZWmc-gSqA1dEFq1u3CC1WY1YqhC6U1diHZyYZmZHnO_RA=w275-h400\")
![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEiD1VZqHWXzGqP8RXgAa1eSndsUmjX0Mt0juz5rJSHG24zbSBO7kKwbWX9hBuHrE9V5JeuY3xHnwQY0rxOACYSXuWL7gS-pDCpaj_iDu5M13SuF4iFElk2DGSxjkbwQjBASkhfLwWqewdRdTso1Erl4JotaZoqXz3vfVIYn9RHin36gLh5FAECQbrDLUQ=w640-h422\")
![](\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/a\/AVvXsEhCj7aQNYKRAuNs7_ljmKtjaenZpx0fKEHqgvT-c8frmxJ0xzlQFxU__q-l096KMYSkzYbjSCJc2qM6CAOqcvrIrAvMICxruSc28LmSaN1Oq9sHuKLkNOnWA6pfuALgf7Z7CD5Fsn5IQkcel0iuJfc6-mNIbUel0TK5yRNOD-EEo4AuT3kk_1Mvmz6DlA=w640-h236\")