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Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong><\/p>\n (\u00d6n a\u00e7\u0131klama: <\/strong>1994\u2019de, Abhazya seyahatimden d\u00f6nd\u00fckten hemen sonras\u0131yd\u0131. Avukat Ahmet Hulusi K\u0131r\u0131m, \u201cHoca, Birikim Dergisi\u2019den arad\u0131lar. Etnik gruplarla ilgili bir dosya haz\u0131rl\u0131yorlarm\u0131\u015f. Lazlarla ilgili de bana ula\u015ft\u0131lar,\u201d diyerek bir telefon numaras\u0131 ve bir isim yazan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir pusulay\u0131 bana uzatt\u0131. Ben, \u201cBelki ba\u015fka yazmak isteyenler de olabilir. Di\u011fer arkada\u015flara da s\u00f6ylediniz mi?\u201d diye sordum. \u201cYahu Hoca, aram\u0131zda bu i\u015fi yazacak senden daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131ran kimse mi var? L\u00fctfen, Birikim ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kur! Gere\u011fini yap!\u201d dedi. Bunun \u00fczerine \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden pusuladaki telefonu arad\u0131m, ad\u0131 belirtilen ki\u015fiyle ba\u011flant\u0131 kurdum: Abdullah Onay. B\u00f6ylelikle \u201cBirikim Dergisi\u201d ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmu\u015f oldum; tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Asl\u0131nda b\u00f6ylelikle hem \u201cBirikim Dergisi\u201d ve hem de \u201cTarih ve Toplum Dergisi\u201d ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmu\u015f oluyordum. \u0130leride her iki yay\u0131n organ\u0131nda da bir\u00e7ok makalem yay\u0131mlanacakt\u0131. Bu vesileyle de bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fiyi tan\u0131yacakt\u0131m. \u00a0O zamanlar cep telefonu yoktu, internet yoktu hen\u00fcz. \u015eimdiki gibi de\u011fildi. Nihayetinde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki makaleyi kaleme ald\u0131m; Birikim Dergisi\u2019ne g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcm ve 1995\u2019de yay\u0131nland\u0131. Birikim\u2019in 1995\/ 71- 72. say\u0131s\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00fc\u00e7 bask\u0131 yapt\u0131. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bilgi, birikim, kaynak, imk\u00e2n ve de\u011ferlendirmelerimle o g\u00fcn b\u00f6yle bir makale yazabilseydim, ku\u015fkusuz \u00e7ok daha farkl\u0131 bir makale ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131. Makalemi \u015fimdi ben de ele\u015ftirebilirim; eksik y\u00f6nleri var. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki makaleyi okurken hem b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 hem T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki o zamanki siyas\u00ee, psikolojik vb. ortam\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmak gerekiyor. Y\u0131llar sonra, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki makalenin yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llarda, ad\u0131 ve san\u0131 bilinmeyenler, daha do\u011frusu, hi\u00e7 bir \u015feyden haberi olmayanlanlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131, makalemin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar: \u201cKafkasya k\u00fclt\u00fcr k\u00f6kenli bir topluluk: Lazlar\u201d. Efendim neden \u201chalk\u201d dememi\u015fim de \u201ctopluluk\u201d demi\u015fim\u2026 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemeliler: \u201cBug\u00fcn Gazetesi\u201d, 1993\u2019de bir hafta boyuncu \u201canti- Laz\u201d kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcken siz nereleredeydiniz? Ama\u00e7 \u00fcz\u00fcm yemek mi ba\u011fc\u0131 d\u00f6vmek mi?! Bu insanlar\u0131n tak\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 bir ba\u015fka konu da makalemin \u00a0\u201cBirikim Dergisi\u201dnde yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131yd\u0131. Neden Birikim\u2019de, neden \u201cSosyalist bir dergide\u201d yazm\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u2026Bu ve benzeri yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n, makalemin i\u00e7eri\u011fiyle ilgili ele\u015ftirel katk\u0131 de\u011fil, haset ve k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131ktan kaynaklanan sata\u015fma oldu\u011funu bildi\u011fimden hep sessizli\u011fimi korumay\u0131 tercih ettim. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar bilinmeli. Yine belirtmeliyim; g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u201cOgni K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\u201dne y\u00f6nelik de, \u0130smail Avc\u0131 Bucakli\u015fi ile Hasan Uzunhasano\u011flu\u2019nun 1999\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan \u201cLazca- T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck\u201d\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik de ele\u015ftirel katk\u0131da de\u011fil, sata\u015fmalarda bulunanlara rastlayabiliyoruz. Biz o g\u00fcnk\u00fc imk\u00e2nlarla o kadar\u0131n\u0131 yapabildik; h\u00e2l\u00e2 da bu alanda yaz\u0131yoruz. Ele\u015ftirel katk\u0131da bulunmak yerine sata\u015fanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten de Laz Dili ve Tarihine sahip \u00e7\u0131kmaksa, ge\u00e7mi\u015fin b\u00fct\u00fcn o olumlu ve olumsuz tebr\u00fcbelerinden de faydalanarak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde daha iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ortaya koyabilirler. Hi\u00e7bir engel yok. Bilsinler ki, talep etmeleri h\u00e2linde kendilerine her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ar\u015fiv katk\u0131s\u0131 sunmaya da haz\u0131r\u0131m. 14 VI 2022. Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n +<\/strong><\/p>\n Kafkasya k\u00fclt\u00fcr k\u00f6kenli bir topluluk<\/strong>: Lazlar<\/strong><\/p>\n G\u0130R\u0130\u015e<\/strong><\/p>\n \u201cLaz\u201d denildi\u011finde, okumu\u015funun, okumam\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u201cy\u00fcz\u00fcndeki alays\u0131 tebess\u00fcmle\u201d verdi\u011fi cevaplar tarihsel ve bilimsel ger\u00e7eklerden \u00e7ok, kulaktan dolma yanl\u0131\u015f bilgileri i\u00e7erir. Acaba \u201cTemel f\u0131kralar\u0131\u201d, \u201cPontus d\u00f6nmesi iddialar\u0131\u201d, \u201cTopal Osman irtibatland\u0131rmalar\u0131\u201d Lazlar\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131yor mu? Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda yay\u0131mlanan\u00a0Lazlar\u0131n Tarihi<\/em>,\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Etnik Gruplar<\/em>,\u00a0Kavimler Kap\u0131s\u0131-1<\/em>\u00a0vb. kitaplar\u0131n Lazlar hakk\u0131nda vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 bilgiler ne kadar do\u011fru?<\/p>\n Lazlar hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmek isteyenlerin ilk ba\u015fvurabilecekleri kaynaklar, baz\u0131 ansiklopedilerin ilgili maddeleri ve baz\u0131 kitaplar\u0131n Lazlardan da bahseden b\u00f6l\u00fcmleridir. Gerek ansiklopediler ve gerekse kaynak olarak ansiklopedileri alan kitaplar\u0131n Lazlar hakk\u0131nda bize vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 bilgiler ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7ok uzakt\u0131r. Daha do\u011frusu, bu bilgiler eksik, yanl\u0131\u015f, tahrifatl\u0131 ve yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Lazlar hakk\u0131nda ciddi, bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131; ara\u015ft\u0131rma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n belirmemi\u015f olmas\u0131, ansiklopedilere, s\u00f6zl\u00fcklere ve kitaplara yans\u0131yan eksik ve yanl\u0131\u015f bilgilerin zaman i\u00e7erisinde me\u015fruiyet kazanmas\u0131na, do\u011fru olarak kabul g\u00f6rmesine ve aktar\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n bitmesiyle, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019yle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 ve onun lehineymi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclerek sak\u0131ncal\u0131 bulunan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kavram ve olu\u015fumun art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yava\u015f yava\u015f tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r hale gelmesiyle birlikte, Lazlar hem kendilerini sorgulamaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar, hem de kendileriyle ilgili birtak\u0131m bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f oldular.<\/p>\n Yeni d\u00fcnya dengelerinin dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplumlar\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131lanma s\u00fcreci, Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-do\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nin antik Kolhida Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki temsilcilerinden olan Lazlar\u0131 da etkiledi.<\/p>\n Geleneksel Kukla, Karag\u00f6z, Meddah, Ortaoyunu ve f\u0131kralar\u0131n, a\u011fz\u0131 kalabal\u0131k, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndakine konu\u015fma f\u0131rsat\u0131 vermeyen, akl\u0131 k\u0131t bir rol \u00fcstlendirdi\u011fi \u201cLaz\u201d kimdir?<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fayan 47 etnik gruptan biri tasnifine sokularak de\u011ferlendirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan \u201cLaz\u201d kimdir?<\/p>\n Cumhuriyet tarihinin \u015faibeli ki\u015filerinden biri olarak nitelendirilen Topal Osman\u2019la \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilmek istenen \u201cLaz\u201d kimdir?<\/p>\n 1789\u2019un a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolda ulusla\u015fma s\u00fcrecini sanayile\u015ferek ya\u015fayamayan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u201cbir T\u00fcrk boyu\u201d ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019da Kolhida Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n di\u011fer temsilcisi olan Megrellerle birlikte \u201cbir G\u00fcrc\u00fc boyu\u201d olarak nitelendirilen \u201cLaz\u201d kimdir?<\/p>\n Kimi \u00e7evrelerde, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine sahip \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 G\u00fcney-do\u011fu Anadolu olaylar\u0131yla irtibatland\u0131r\u0131lmak istenerek \u201cb\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc\u201d; kimi \u00e7evrelerde, K\u00fcrtlerin m\u00fccadelesini pasifize etmek i\u00e7in, di\u011fer \u201cKafkasya K\u00fclt\u00fcr k\u00f6kenlilerle birlikte\u201d devlet taraf\u0131ndan himaye g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri im\u00e2 edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan \u201cLaz\u201d kimdir?<\/p>\n Bu makalede, T\u00fcrkiye ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fcklerine sayg\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ve Kafkasya\u2019da ya\u015fayan etnik k\u00f6kenleri \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n birlikteli\u011fi, karde\u015fli\u011fi temelinden hareketle Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney-do\u011fu Karadeniz\u2019in otokton halk\u0131 olan Lazlar\u0131n tarihleri, dinleri, dilleri ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrleriyle ilgili bilgi vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n KISACA TAR\u0130H<\/strong><\/p>\n Lazlar\u0131n en eski tarihleri, Kolhida k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve y\u00f6netim alan\u0131yla yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkilidir. \u201cKolhida\u201d ad\u0131ndan ilk kez, M\u00d6 8. y\u00fczy\u0131la ait \u201cUrartu Yaz\u0131tlar\u0131\u2019nda\u201d bahsedilmi\u015ftir. M\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Rodoslu Apollonius, \u201cArgo\u201d adl\u0131 eserinde Kolhida ve Kolhidal\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi vermektedir. Kolhida\u2019y\u0131 Apollonius\u2019un eserinde \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kartan Kolhida\u2019n\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc zenginlikleriydi. Kolhida\u2019n\u0131n zaman\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6lgesi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren di\u011fer bir kan\u0131t da, Homeros\u2019un\u00a0Odyssesia<\/em>\u00a0adl\u0131 eserinde Kral Aietes\u2019in \u00fclkesi olarak an\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda yap\u0131lan arkeolojik kaz\u0131lar, g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan en eski antik kent ve di\u011fer yerle\u015fim birimleri ve di\u011fer bulgular Kolhida\u2019n\u0131n maddi zenginliklerini ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir. Yap\u0131lan bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, Kolhida\u2019n\u0131n da i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgenin \u201cEski Ta\u015f Devri\u2019nden beri\u201d insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam alan\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u00dcnl\u00fc tarih\u00e7i Amasyal\u0131 Strabon ve Bizansl\u0131 Suidas Kolhida\u2019n\u0131n zengin alt\u0131n rezervlerine dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n Kolhida k\u00fclt\u00fcr alan\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 bat\u0131daki Psov Nehri, kuzeyde Kafkas S\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131, do\u011fuda Suram etekleri ve g\u00fcneyde de Karadeniz\u2019i izleyerek Trabzon\u2019a kadar uzanmaktayd\u0131. Tarafs\u0131z tarih\u00e7iler, Kolhida K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc Laz, G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Abhaz halklar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde yaratt\u0131klar\u0131 \u201cortak bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131rlar. M\u00d6 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda kurulan \u201cKolhida Devleti\u201d ise, Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u201cGagra\u201d civar\u0131nda \u201c\u00c7oruh\u201d a\u011fz\u0131na kadar olan b\u00f6lgeyi kapsamaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Rize ve Artvin illerine ba\u011fl\u0131 Pazar, Arde\u015fen, F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131, Arhavi ve Hopa il\u00e7eleriyle G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 Acara \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin Batum kentinde oturan ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan ve kendilerini \u201cLaz\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlayan ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcler taraf\u0131ndan \u201c\u00c7ani\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanan bu insanlar ve onlar\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan olan akrabalar\u0131 Megreller, bug\u00fcn oldu\u011fu gibi \u201cHelenistik \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da\u201d da Soxumi\u2019den ba\u015flamak \u00fczere Trabzon\u2019un do\u011fu sahillerine kadar olan b\u00f6lgede ya\u015famaktayd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n Eskiden Kolhida k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve y\u00f6netiminin bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgede MS 3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda G\u00fcrc\u00fclerin ve Abhazlar\u0131n \u201cEgrisi\u201d; Romal\u0131lar\u0131n ve Bizansl\u0131lar\u0131n \u201cLazika\u201d dedikleri krall\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Lazika Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 Apsilyal\u0131lar\u0131, Abazgial\u0131lar\u0131 ve Svanlar\u0131 da y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131na ald\u0131.<\/p>\n Mahmut Golo\u011flu, milad\u0131n birinci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7inde Kafkasya\u2019dan bat\u0131ya do\u011fru b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131 oldu\u011funu, Lazlar\u0131n Do\u011fu Karadeniz\u2019e yerle\u015ftiklerini, Lazlar\u0131n bu g\u00f6\u00e7leri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fclkesini koruyamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayan Pontus Kral\u0131 II. Polemon\u2019un milad\u0131n 63. y\u0131l\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmetini Romal\u0131lara teslim etti\u011fini, \u00fclkesinin Roma\u2019n\u0131n bir eyaleti haline geldi\u011fini ve bu eyalete \u201cPontus Polemanyakos\u201d ad\u0131 verildi\u011fini belirtmektedir. B\u00f6ylelikle Lazlar, Kolhida K\u00fclt\u00fcr alan\u0131 i\u00e7inde yeralan G\u00fcney-do\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ne de etnik adlar\u0131yla gelip yerle\u015fmi\u015f oluyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Kolhida Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00e7e\u015fitli Helen kaynaklar\u0131nca belirtilen Lazika (=Egrisi) Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminin b\u00fcy\u00fck devletleri olan Roma\/Bizans ve Pers \u0130mparatorluklar\u0131n\u0131n rekabet ve sava\u015f alan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu d\u00f6neme ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler 6. y\u00fczy\u0131l Bizans tarih\u00e7isi Prokopius\u2019un\u00a0Wars<\/em>\u00a0isimli eserinde anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Lazika Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Rion havzas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcney kesimi, 5. ve 6. y\u00fczy\u0131llardaki Bizans-Pers Sava\u015flar\u0131 nedeniyle n\u00fcfusunun tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015fti. Bu y\u00fczden bu b\u00f6lge Kartli\u2019den s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan G\u00fcrc\u00fcler i\u00e7in yerle\u015fim alan\u0131 oldu. B\u00f6ylelikle g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 Laz (=\u00c7ani), H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 Megrel olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan insanlar aras\u0131ndaki etno-ba\u011f karde\u015f G\u00fcrc\u00fc halk\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015ferek olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tampon b\u00f6lgeyle (=Guria\/Acara) kopuyordu; ayn\u0131 halk ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnerek kendi mecralar\u0131nda geli\u015fmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n elden gitmesiyle Lazika\u2019da \u00fclke b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bozulmu\u015f oldu, Lazika topraklar\u0131 ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc. G\u00fcney-do\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n, Do\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi ise Megrellerin ya\u015fama sahas\u0131 haline geldi.<\/p>\n Latinlerin 1204\u2019te \u0130stanbul\u2019u i\u015fgal etmeleriyle Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu zaafa u\u011frad\u0131. Bu geli\u015fmeler, G\u00fcrc\u00fc Krali\u00e7esi Tamara\u2019n\u0131n, Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 Trabzon\u2019u da i\u00e7ine alacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. Trabzon Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na Krali\u00e7e Tamara\u2019n\u0131n yak\u0131n akrabas\u0131 Prens David Kommenon ge\u00e7irildi. Trabzon y\u00f6resine de Lazlar yerle\u015ftirildi ve Trabzon Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlendiler.<\/p>\n Trabzon Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki G\u00fcrc\u00fc etkinli\u011fi ve Lazlar\u0131n Bizans boyunduru\u011fundan kurtulmas\u0131 Bizansl\u0131lar\u0131 rahats\u0131z ediyordu. Lazlar, Trabzon y\u00f6resinde Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir tehdit unsuruydu.<\/p>\n Lazlar\u0131n Bizansl\u0131larla m\u00fccadelesi, 1453\u2019te Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na son vermeleriyle bitti. II. Mehmet\u2019in Trabzon Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 1461\u2019de ele ge\u00e7irmesiyle de Lazlar Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimine girmi\u015f oldular.<\/p>\n Lazlar\u0131n s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7(iril)meleriyle de Osmanl\u0131 tebas\u0131 olmalar\u0131 peki\u015ftirildi. Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi, G\u00fcney-do\u011fu Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesini onbir idari b\u00f6lgeye ay\u0131rd\u0131. Her b\u00f6lgeyi bir Laz Derebeyi y\u00f6netiyordu. Trabzon vakayinameleri Lazlardan ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 s\u00f6zetmektedir. K\u00e2tip \u00c7elebi Lazlar\u0131n \u201citaatsiz\u201d olduklar\u0131ndan bahseder.<\/p>\n 1851\u2019de Acara b\u00f6lgesi, Yukar\u0131 Gurya ile birlikte yeni kurulmu\u015f olan \u201cLazistan Sanca\u011f\u0131\u2019na\u201d ba\u011fland\u0131 ve Batum sancak merkezi oldu. Ancak Batum\u2019un 1878\u2019de Ruslar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mesiyle sanca\u011f\u0131n merkezi Rize oldu. \u015eemsettin Sami, bu yeni sancak alan\u0131n\u0131n sahil boyunca uzunlu\u011funun 120 km. ve geni\u015fli\u011finin 25-30 km. aras\u0131nda oldu\u011funu, Lazistan Sanca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Rize, Atina (=Pazar) ve Hopa isimleriyle \u00fc\u00e7 kazaya, 6 nahiyeye b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve 364 k\u00f6y\u00fc i\u00e7erdi\u011fini\u00a0K\u00e2m\u00fcs-\u00fcl Al\u00e2m<\/em>\u00a0adl\u0131 eserinde belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n \u00dcnl\u00fc akademisyen Niko Marr,\u00a01910 Lazistan Raporu<\/em>\u00a0adl\u0131 eserinde, Hopal\u0131 Faik Efendi\u2019nin Lazca\u2019n\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 hale gelmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu nedenle Sultan Abd\u00fclhamit d\u00f6neminde tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi\u011fini ve daha sonra da Laz halk\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan katledildi\u011fini yazmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1914\u2019te \u0130stanbul\u2019da kurulan \u201cLaz Talebe Cemiyeti\u201d ve yine \u0130stanbul\u2019da 1919\u2019da kurulan \u201cLaz Tek\u00e2m\u00fcl-\u00fc Milliye Cemiyeti\u201d bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Lazlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ba\u011flam\u0131nda da olsa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemiyle birlikte y\u00f6netime hakim olan \u201ctek ulus\u201d, \u201ctek dil\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u201cLazistan Sanca\u011f\u0131\u201d l\u00e2\u011fvedildi. Eskiden \u201cLazistan Sanca\u011f\u0131\u201d i\u00e7inde yeralan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn Pazar (=Atina), Arde\u015fen, F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131 il\u00e7eleri Rize iline; Arhavi ve Hopa il\u00e7eleri Artvin iline ba\u011fland\u0131. Bu y\u00f6redeki tarihsel yerle\u015fim birimlerinin adlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n 1984\u2019te T\u00fcrkiye Lazlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak haz\u0131rlanan Laz Alfabesi (Lazuri Alfabe) ve Osman Tamturuli\u2019nin \u201cLazuri Berepe\u015feni\u201d (\u00c7ocuklar i\u00e7in Lazca) kitab\u0131, 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda kendisini deklere eden \u201cLaz Dilini ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Vakf\u0131 Giri\u015fim Komitesi\u201d, 1993 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri d\u00fczenli olarak \u00e7\u0131kan \u201cOgni\u201d (Duy) adl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr dergisi ve \u201cZu\u011fa\u015fi Berepe\u201d (Denizin \u00c7ocuklar\u0131) adl\u0131 m\u00fczik grubu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Lazlar\u0131n siyasi olmayan ancak k\u00fclt\u00fcrel nitelikli faaliyetlerine \u00f6rnek say\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n N\u00dcFUS DA\u011eILIMI VE YERLE\u015e\u0130M<\/strong><\/p>\n Lazlar, otokton olduklar\u0131 G\u00fcney-do\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde kitlesel olarak ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Ayr\u0131ca Ruslar\u0131n Kafkasya\u2019da hakimiyet kurmalar\u0131ndan sonra; 1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Harbi\u2019nden sonra; 16 Mart 1921 tarihli T\u00fcrk-Rus anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra da T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan, otokton olduklar\u0131 di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerden g\u00f6\u00e7ederek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bat\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerine kitlesel olarak yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdir. Bu yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgelerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n BOLU:<\/em>\u00a0Ak\u00e7akoca (Merkez); D\u00fczce (Konuralp), Ballar, Kabalak (Lazhamidiye), Osmanca, Suncuk (Lazsuncuk), \u015eekerp\u0131nar (Laz\u015fekerp\u0131nar), Yayla (Laz\u015ferefiye), Yazl\u0131k (Lazyazl\u0131k),<\/p>\n BURSA:<\/em>\u00a0Gemlik (Merkez); Kat\u0131rl\u0131,<\/p>\n \u0130STANBUL:<\/em>\u00a0Beykoz (Merkez); Dereseki, Kaynarca Mah.; \u00dcsk\u00fcdar (Merkez); Re\u015fadiye; Yalova (Merkez); Akk\u00f6y, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y, Kurtk\u00f6y, Safran (Pa\u015fak\u00f6y), \u00dcvezp\u0131nar, Delipazar, Kapl\u0131ca; \u00c7\u0131narc\u0131k, Ortaburun,<\/p>\n KOCAEL\u0130<\/em>\u00a0(Merkez): \u00c7ubukluosmaniye, Suadiye (\u00c7epni); Derbent, Ma\u015fukiye, Kestanelik; Karam\u00fcrsel (Merkez): Alt\u0131nova, \u00c7am\u00e7ukur, G\u00fczelyal\u0131 (Ere\u011fli\/G\u00fczelk\u0131y\u0131), Osmaniye (Uzundere), Safiye (\u00c7iftlik), Suludere, Yalakdere, Senaiye (Ba\u015fkiraz),<\/p>\n SAKARYA<\/em>\u00a0(Merkez): \u00c7ayba\u015f\u0131, Yenik\u00f6y (Laz\u00e7ayba\u015f\u0131), De\u011firmendere, Karata\u015f; Akyaz\u0131 (Merkez): Hasanbey, Kazanc\u0131, Dokurcun, Kayaba\u015f\u0131, Karap\u00fcr\u00e7ek, Hocak\u00f6y; Geyve: Do\u011fan\u00e7ay, Maksudiye; Hendek (Merkez): Kocad\u00f6ngel (Kocat\u00f6ngel); Sapanca (Merkez): Ak\u00e7ay, Balkaya, Dibekta\u015f, Erdemli (Ulviye\/\u0130stanbuldere), Fevziye, Hac\u0131mercan, \u0130kramiye, Kurtk\u00f6y, Memnuniye, \u015e\u00fckriye, Selamiye,<\/p>\n ZONGULDAK:<\/em>\u00a0Bart\u0131n, Amasra, \u00c7akrazova.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de g\u00fcncel, etnik ve linguistik esaslara dayal\u0131 bilimsel ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 veriler bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ne kadar Laz bulundu\u011fu, anadili ve ikinci dili Lazca olan insanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 verebilmek zordur. Ancak \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlerde yap\u0131lan ve \u201cLinguistik\u201d anlamdaki veriler aktar\u0131labilirse de, bunlar\u0131n da kesin veriler olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n Laz M\u00fcsl\u00fcman:<\/em>\u00a0138.820; Rum Ortodoks: 16.000; Ermeni Gregoryan: 5.000; Ermeni Katolik: 100; Latin Katolik: 40; Yahudi: 40, Toplam: 160.000.<\/p>\n Yeni idari taksimatlar\u0131 ve il\u00e7eleri de g\u00f6steren 1927, 1935, 1940, 1945, 1950, 1955, 1960 y\u0131llar\u0131na ait n\u00fcfus verileri ise \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n 1927 Y\u0131l\u0131nda:<\/em>\u00a0Rize (Merkez): 99.724; Pazar: 41.626; Hopa; 30.157, Toplam: 171.507.<\/p>\n 1935 Y\u0131l\u0131nda:<\/em>\u00a0Rize (Merkez): 111.084; Pazar: 48.757; Hopa: 35.818, Toplam: 195.659.<\/p>\n 1940 Y\u0131l\u0131nda:<\/em>\u00a0Rize (Merkez): 120.411; Pazar: 52.353; Hopa: 35.501, Toplam: 208.265.<\/p>\n 1945 Y\u0131l\u0131nda:<\/em>\u00a0Rize (Merkez): 110.446; Pazar: 51.483; Hopa: 35.246, Toplam: 197.175.<\/p>\n 1950 Y\u0131l\u0131nda:<\/em>\u00a0Rize (Merkez): 71.830; \u00c7ayeli: 36.170; \u0130kizdere: 19.012; F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131: 11.260; Pazar: 54.500; Hopa: 27.198, Toplam: 219.970.<\/p>\n 1955 Y\u0131l\u0131nda:<\/em>\u00a0Rize (Merkez): 79.927; Arde\u015fen; 17.981; \u00c7aml\u0131hem\u015fin: 9.326; \u00c7ayeli: 33.061; F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131: 11.467; \u0130kizdere: 17.380; Kalkandere: 12.280; Pazar: 30.545; Arhavi: 13.293; Hopa: 14.877, Toplam: 240.137.<\/p>\n 1960 Y\u0131l\u0131nda:\u00a0<\/em>Rize (Merkez): 97.236; Arde\u015fen: 20.784; \u00c7aml\u0131hem\u015fin: 10.245; \u00c7ayeli: 39.498; F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131: 13.000; \u0130kizdere: 19.890; Kalkandere: 14.746; Pazar: 34.148; Arhavi: 12.393; Hopa: 16.409, Toplam: 278.349.<\/p>\n 1965 y\u0131l\u0131 n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re; Devlet \u0130statistik Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn kendi tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 olan \u201c\u0130sl\u00e2m Az\u0131nl\u0131k Dilleri\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda verilen istatistiki bilgi ise \u015f\u00f6yledir: Anadili Lazca olanlar: 26.007; ikinci bir dil olarak Lazca konu\u015fanlar: 59.101.<\/p>\n Devlet \u0130statistik Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn bu verileri, Lazlar\u0131n yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerdeki ve di\u011fer y\u00f6relerdeki n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fckmemektedir.<\/p>\n DI\u015e LAZLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin Acaristan \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde de otokton halk olan Lazlar ile Abhazya \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde ya\u015fayan Lazlar (1926 say\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re; Abhazya\u2019da 1.875 ki\u015fi), Sovyet y\u00f6netiminin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a \u00f6zg\u00fcrd\u00fcler. N\u00fcfus say\u0131mlar\u0131na, 1926 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar, kendi etnik kimlikleriyle kaydedildiler. Laz okullar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Laz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 kendi anadillerinde de e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Lazca 1920\u2019li y\u0131llarda yaz\u0131l\u0131 bir dil haline geldi, Latin Alfabesine dayal\u0131 bir alfabe kullan\u0131ma konuldu. Ders kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, k\u00fclt\u00fcr hayat\u0131yla ilgili kitaplar yay\u0131mlanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Lazca Tiyatro eserleri sergilendi, gazete, bro\u015f\u00fcrler \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131ld\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde\u00a0M\u00e7ita Muru3xi<\/em>\u00a0(K\u0131z\u0131l Y\u0131ld\u0131z) adl\u0131 bir gazetede yay\u0131ma ba\u015flad\u0131. 1939\u2019dan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere n\u00fcfus kay\u0131tlar\u0131na \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d olarak kaydedildiler. 1937-1938 me\u015fhur Stalinist tutuklama ve sindirme d\u00f6neminde Lazlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bilimadam\u0131, \u015fair ve Lazca okullar direkt\u00f6r\u00fc olan \u0130skender\u00a03<\/em>ita\u015fi katledildi. Laz halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nderleri bask\u0131lara u\u011frad\u0131, Laz halk\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gaddarca engellendi. 1949\u2019da da Bat\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nden binlerce Laz Kazakistan\u2019a s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Toplam n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 20.000\u2019e indirildi. Bu insanlar s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildikleri yerlerde eritilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Stalin\u2019in \u201cSovyet Ulusu\u201d yaratma r\u00fcyalar\u0131 Laz halk\u0131n\u0131 yokolma tehlikesiyle y\u00fczy\u00fcze getirdi.<\/p>\n D\u0130L: LAZUR\u0130 NENA<\/strong><\/p>\n Dilbilimciler Lazca ve Megrelce\u2019yi Kolhida (=Zan) dilinin zaman i\u00e7inde ikiye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve kendi ba\u015flar\u0131na geli\u015fmi\u015f iki ayr\u0131 kolu olarak tan\u0131mlarlar. Megrel-Lazca dili G\u00fcney Kafkas dil ailesinin bir koludur. G\u00fcney Kafkas Dil ailesi (=Kartvel Dilleri) Megrelce, Lazca, Svanca ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019den meydana gelir. Megrelce ve Lazca aras\u0131nda y\u00fczde 70-80 aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fma s\u00f6zkonusudur. Kolhida dilinin kelime hazinesinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Lazca\u2019da, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da Megrelce\u2019de ya\u015famaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Lazca, \u00c7oruh Nehri\u2019nden ba\u015flamak \u00fczere Atina\u2019ya (Pazar) kadar G\u00fcney-do\u011fu Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 boyunca ve Lazlar\u0131n bulunduklar\u0131 di\u011fer yerlerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Megrelce, Rioni Nehri\u2019nin kuzey kesimlerinde\u00a03<\/em>xenis3<\/em>ari\u2019nin bat\u0131s\u0131nda ve Rioni\u2019nin a\u011fz\u0131ndan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere yukar\u0131lara do\u011fru O\u00e7am\u00e7ire\u2019ye kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 boyunca konu\u015fulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n 35 harf bulunan Laz Alfabesi 1984 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri T\u00fcrkiye Lazlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan derleme ve yay\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda yo\u011fun olarak kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan Megrelleri ve Lazlar ise Kartuli Alfabe\u2019yi kullanmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n D\u0130N<\/p>\n Lazlar\u0131n H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 6. y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde kabul ettiklerine dair birtak\u0131m iddialar varsa da, bu Lazika Kral\u0131 Tsat\u00e9\u2019nin 523 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019da vaftiz edildi\u011fini yazan Theophanes\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r. Bu konuda kaynakl\u0131k eden John Malalas, Kral Tsat\u00e9\u2019nin siyas\u00ee nedenlerden dolay\u0131 eski dinleri olan Paganl\u0131k\u2019tan yana tutum tak\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve 523 y\u0131l\u0131nda tekrar H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6nerek, ikinci kez vaftiz edildi\u011fini yazmaktad\u0131r. Oysa ki, Lazlar bu tarihten \u00e7ok \u00f6nceleri de H\u0131ristiyand\u0131.<\/p>\n H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, Lazlar aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lmas\u0131 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7inde olmu\u015ftur. Tarih\u00e7i Prokopius, Bizans Kral\u0131 Justinian\u2019\u0131n Kud\u00fcs \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcndeki bir \u201cLaz Mabedini\u201d tamir ettirdi\u011fini ve Lazlar\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131na bile Papaz g\u00f6nderdiklerini yazmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Lazlar\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131kla tan\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun y\u00f6reyi etki alan\u0131na almas\u0131ndan sonra 1461 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere olmu\u015ftur. Lazlar\u0131n zorla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feklinde birtak\u0131m iddialar varsa da, bu iddialar Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun b\u00f6lge dengelerine \u00f6zen g\u00f6steren yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fir g\u00f6z\u00fckmektedir. Ancak k\u0131smi zorlamalar\u0131n oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n 1523 tarihli Tapu Tahrir-387. defterin 734-743. sayfalar\u0131na dayanarak bu konuda bilgi vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Mehmet \u00d6nder, Rize, Atina (Pazar) ve Arhavi kazalar\u0131na ait n\u00fcfus verilerinde, Rize kazas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 6.467\u2019si H\u0131ristiyan, 561\u2019i M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmak \u00fczere toplam 7.028 hane; Atina (Pazar) kazas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 yerlerde 3.096\u2019s\u0131 H\u0131ristiyan, 584\u2019\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmak \u00fczere 3.680 hane oldu\u011funu; Arhavi kazas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131\u2019dan \u00c7oruh nehri a\u011fz\u0131na kadar olan b\u00f6lgede 2.659\u2019u H\u0131ristiyan, 310\u2019u M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmak \u00fczere toplam 2.969 hane bulundu\u011funu yazmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu rakamlar, 1523 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rize kazas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 yerlerde n\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 92\u2019sinin H\u0131ristiyan, y\u00fczde 8\u2019inin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman; Atina (Pazar) kazas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 yerlerde y\u00fczde 84\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn H\u0131ristiyan, y\u00fczde 16\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman; Arhavi kazas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 yerlerde y\u00fczde 89.5 H\u0131ristiyan, y\u00fczde 10.5 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n 1923\u2019de imzalanan Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019yla b\u00f6lgedeki H\u0131ristiyan Pontuslu unsurlar\u0131n Yunanistan\u2019a g\u00f6nderilmesi olay\u0131 da, bu b\u00f6lgede zorla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rma iddialar\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fmektedir. \u0130ddia edildi\u011fi gibi, sistemli bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131rma olmu\u015f olsayd\u0131 1923\u2019e kadar b\u00f6lgede H\u0131ristiyan n\u00fcfus hi\u00e7 kalmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca Ortodoks H\u0131ristiyan olan Lazlar\u0131n, \u0130stanbul Fener Patrikli\u011fi\u2019nin emperyal politikalar\u0131na hizmet etmemeleri, \u00e7eli\u015fkilerinin bulunmas\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netiminin bu b\u00f6lgeyi ele ge\u00e7irdikten \u00e7ok sonra bile g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edemeyece\u011fi bir realiteydi.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn tamam\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan Lazlar i\u00e7inden, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hemen her y\u00f6resinden \u201c\u015feyh\u201d, \u201c\u015f\u0131h\u201d \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u201cbu t\u00fcr din adamlar\u0131\u201d \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun en \u00f6nemli nedeninin, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yak\u0131n bir zamanda kabul etmeleri ve y\u00f6renin da\u011fl\u0131k, engebeli ve bireycili\u011fe dayal\u0131 do\u011fas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n Sarp s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 1988\u2019de a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla, b\u00f6l\u00fcnen Laz aileler yeniden kucakla\u015fma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulmu\u015f, s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesindeki Laz, Megrel ve G\u00fcrc\u00fclerin T\u00fcrkiye Lazlar\u0131yla \u201cyeniden tan\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131\u201d \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Lazlar\u0131n kendi dillerini konu\u015fan Megrel-Lazlarla kucakla\u015fmalar\u0131 ve ortak de\u011ferleri payla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fclerle tan\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcrel geli\u015fme\u201d a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olumluluklar g\u00f6stermektedir. G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019a y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenime giden Laz gen\u00e7lerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n, atalar\u0131n\u0131n eski dini olan H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeniden se\u00e7meleri ise g\u00f6zlenen olgulardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n LAZCA \u0130LE \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 AKADEM\u0130K \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR<\/strong><\/p>\n Lazca ile ilgili akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fi Almanya\u2019da olduk\u00e7a eski bir tarihe sahiptir. Rosen,<\/em>\u00a019. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda \u201cilk Lazca grameri\u201d yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kluge de I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yaparak \u201cLazca metinler\u201d derlemi\u015ftir. Avusturyal\u0131 co\u011frafyac\u0131 Stratud Sauer de Lazlarla yo\u011fun olarak ilgilenmi\u015ftir. 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda \u00fcnl\u00fc Frans\u0131z dilbilimci Prof. Georges Dum\u00e9zil\u2019in de \u201cContes Lazes\u201d ad\u0131yla yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Institut d\u2019\u00e9thnologie, Paris, 1937) kitapla Lazca metinler \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Prof. Niko Marr\u2019\u0131n 1910\u2019da \u201cLazistan Sanca\u011f\u0131\u2019na\u201d yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 seyahat esnas\u0131nda \u201cCo\u011frafya ve etnografya\u201d \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Niko Marr ilk kapsaml\u0131 Lazca grameri haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019da Laz dili ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Megrel dilbilimci\u00a0Guram Kartozia<\/em>\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan 40 y\u0131ldan beri s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca\u00a0Arnold \u00c7ikoba<\/em>\u00a0da Lazca \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015f ve Lazca-Megrelce kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 bir s\u00f6zl\u00fck haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Jgenti ve Joseph Kip\u015fidze de Lazca \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapan dilbilimcilerdendir.<\/p>\n Hollandal\u0131 dilbilimci\u00a0Tine Amse De Jong<\/em>\u2019un 400 sayfal\u0131k Lazca-\u0130ngilizce bir s\u00f6zl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ise bas\u0131lmay\u0131 beklemektedir.<\/p>\n 1992\u2019de Almanya\u2019da kurulan ve ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0Wolfgang Feurstein\u2019<\/em>in s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201cG\u00fcney Kafkas Dilleri ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrleri Derne\u011fi\u201d Lazca ile ilgili kurumsal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapan \u00f6nemli bir birimdir.<\/p>\n K\u00dcLT\u00dcR<\/strong><\/p>\n Lazlar\u0131n maddi ve manevi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin Bat\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan y\u00f6resiyle yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Lazlar\u0131n Pontuslularla da ortak y\u00f6nlerinin bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek olas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Lazlar iyi birer yap\u0131 ustas\u0131 olarak da bilinirler. Yar\u0131 k\u00e2\u011fir tipte yapm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 evler mimari a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar.<\/p>\n G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile, da\u011f k\u00f6ylerinde, \u201cNoderi\u201d denilen, \u201c\u0130mece\u201d kom\u015fular aras\u0131ndaki yard\u0131mla\u015fman\u0131n en g\u00fczel \u00f6rneklerindendir.<\/p>\n Atmaca ile avlanma Lazlar aras\u0131nda tutkunluk derecesinde yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k da yapan Lazlar, \u00e7ok yak\u0131n zamanlara kadar kay\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kendileri in\u015f\u00e2 etmekteydiler.<\/p>\n Aile b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131n \u201cDadi\u201d diye adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve bilgeli\u011fine sayg\u0131 duyulur. Yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ortamlarda bile kad\u0131nlar konu\u015fmalara kat\u0131labilir ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini a\u00e7\u0131klayabilirler.<\/p>\n \u0130sl\u00e2ml\u0131k \u00f6ncesi baz\u0131 inan\u0131\u015flar h\u00e2l\u00e2 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Lazlar aras\u0131nda en \u00e7ok korkulan ve \u201cToli\u201d diye adland\u0131r\u0131lan nazard\u0131r. \u201cToli\u201dye kar\u015f\u0131 her vadide ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 korunma b\u00fcy\u00fcleri uygulan\u0131r. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fc ve muskalar evlerin damlar\u0131na as\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Lazlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcme ay\u0131 olan temmuzda ba\u011f\u0131rarak denize atlayan \u201cGermako\u00e7i\u201d denen orman insan\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131r.<\/p>\n Lazlar\u0131n maddi ve manevi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine ili\u015fkin veriler, alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yapacak yerli ve yabanc\u0131 bilimadamlar\u0131n\u0131n ilgisini olduk\u00e7a \u00e7ekecek zenginliktedir.<\/p>\n LAZ AYDINLARI NE \u0130ST\u0130YOR?<\/strong><\/p>\n Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 \u201cetnik milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi\u201d tasvip etmiyor ve etno-politik \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelere s\u0131cak bakm\u0131yorlar, ancak dillerinin ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda duyarl\u0131k g\u00f6steriyorlar. Kafkasya k\u00fclt\u00fcr k\u00f6kenli olduklar\u0131n\u0131n bilincinde olan Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, yay\u0131n organlar\u0131nda di\u011fer Kafkasya k\u00fclt\u00fcr k\u00f6kenli halklar olan G\u00fcrc\u00fcler, \u00c7erkesler, Abhazlar, \u00c7e\u00e7enlerin dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir yay\u0131n politikas\u0131 izliyorlar.<\/p>\n Evrensel de\u011ferlere inanan Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, yeni sava\u015flar, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7ler, d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131klar, kampla\u015fmalar ve yeni s\u0131n\u0131rlar de\u011fil, dillerini \u00f6zg\u00fcrce konu\u015fup geli\u015ftirebilecekleri, kendilerini korkusuzca ifade edebilecekleri demokrasinin t\u00fcm kurum ve kurallar\u0131yla i\u015fledi\u011fi, \u00e7o\u011fulcu, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 bir T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi \u00f6zl\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n -Akt\u00fcel<\/em>\u00a0Dergisi, say\u0131 66, 8-14 Ekim 1992.<\/p>\n -M. M\u00fcnir Aktepe,\u00a0Tuzcuo\u011fullar\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131<\/em>, \u0130.\u00dc.Ed.Fak., Tarih Dergisi, Cilt III, say\u0131 5-6, \u0130stanbul, 1953.<\/p>\n -Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz, \u201cYa\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 Co\u011frafya\u2019n\u0131n Otoktonlar\u0131: Lazlar\u201d,\u00a0\u00d6zg\u00fcr G\u00fcndem<\/em>, 19 Temmuz, 1993.<\/p>\n -Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz, \u201cLazlara G\u00fclmenin Dayan\u0131lmaz Hafifli\u011fi\u201d,\u00a0\u00d6zg\u00fcr G\u00fcndem<\/em>, 15 Haziran 1993.<\/p>\n -Peter Alford Andrews,\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Etnik Gruplar<\/em>, Ant\/T\u00fcm Zamanlar Yay\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k, 1992, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n -Gerg Amicba,\u00a0Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da Abhazlar, Lazlar<\/em>, Nart Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, 1992, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n -Metin And,\u00a0Geleneksel T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosu<\/em>, \u0130nk\u0131lap Kitabevi, \u0130stanbul, 1985.<\/p>\n -Yura G. Argun,\u00a0Abhazya\u2019da Ya\u015fam ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr<\/em>, Nart Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul, 1990.<\/p>\n -Toktam\u0131\u015f Ate\u015f, \u201cOgni Dergisi\u201d,\u00a0Cumhuriyet<\/em>, 27.11.1993.<\/p>\n -Mahmut Ayaz, \u201c\u00d6zerklikten Cumhuriyete: Abhaz-G\u00fcrc\u00fc \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201d,\u00a0Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k<\/em>\u00a0gazetesi, 20 Temmuz 1993.<\/p>\n -\u015eehzat Ayartepe,\u00a0Lazlar\u0131n Tarih\u00e7esi<\/em>, Karadeniz Haber Gazetesi, 1 Aral\u0131k 1976.<\/p>\n -Hasan Aykan\/ Hayri Ersoy,\u00a0Rus G\u00f6z\u00fcyle Kafkasya ve Kafkasyal\u0131lar<\/em>, Nart Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul, 1994.<\/p>\n -Aleksandre Bennigsen, \u201cKafkasya\u2019da \u0130sl\u00e2m\u201d,Yalova Kuzey Kafkas Dergisi<\/em>, Say\u0131 13-14, Ocak 1994.<\/p>\n -Mustafa Butbay \/ Ahmet Cevdet Canbulat,\u00a0Kafkasya Hat\u0131ralar\u0131<\/em>, T\u00fcrk Tarih Kurumu Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara, 1990.<\/p>\n -Ru\u015fen \u00c7ak\u0131r, \u201cLaz K\u00fclt\u00fcrel R\u00f6nesans\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fi\u011finde\u201d,\u00a0Cumhuriyet Kitap Eki<\/em>, say\u0131 131.<\/p>\n -Fahrettin \u00c7ilo\u011flu,\u00a0G\u00fcrc\u00fclerin Tarihi<\/em>, Ant Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1993, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n -Fahrettin \u00c7ilo\u011flu, \u201c\u00c7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn E\u015fi\u011finde\u201d,\u00a0\u00c7veneburi<\/em>\u00a0K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Dergi, Ocak-\u015eubat 1994, say\u0131 7, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n -Wolfgang Feurstein,\u00a0Lazische Abwehrzauber<\/em>, Georgica, Heft 12, Jena-Tbilissi, 1989.<\/p>\n -Wolfgang Feurstein, \u201cBir Alman G\u00f6z\u00fcyle Lazlar\u201d,\u00a0Ogni<\/em>, Say\u0131 2, Ocak 1994.<\/p>\n -Mahmut Golo\u011flu,\u00a0Anadolu\u2019nun Milli Devleti<\/em>\u00a0Pontos<\/em>, Ankara, 1973.<\/p>\n -Michael Grant,\u00a0Myths of the Romans and Greeks<\/em>, Weidenfield and Nicolson, London, 1962.<\/p>\n -Bedri Habi\u00e7o\u011flu,\u00a0Kafkasya\u2019dan Anadolu\u2019ya G\u00f6\u00e7ler<\/em>, Nart Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul, 1993.<\/p>\n -Talat Halman,\u00a0\u015eiirlerle Laz Karadeniz F\u0131kralar\u0131<\/em>, Bilgi Yay\u0131nevi, 1992.<\/p>\n -\u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi<\/em>, (Abazalar maddesi), Cilt 1, Milli E\u011fitim Bas\u0131mevi, \u0130stanbul, 1965.<\/p>\n -\u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi<\/em>, Cilt 4, (G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan maddesi), Milli E\u011fitim Bas\u0131mevi, 1964.<\/p>\n -\u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi<\/em>, (Lazlar maddesi), Cilt 7, Maarif Bas\u0131mevi, \u0130stanbul, 1957.<\/p>\n -Guram Kartozia,\u00a0Lazuri Tekstebi-II<\/em>, Tbilisi, 1993.<\/p>\n -M. Lordkipanidze \/ I. Katcharava, A.\u00a0Glimpse of Georgian History<\/em>, Tbilisi, 1983.<\/p>\n -David Marshal Lang,\u00a0The Georgians<\/em>, Frederick A. Praeger, Newyork, 1966.<\/p>\n -Fahri Lazo\u011flu,\u00a0Lazuri Alfabe<\/em>, Almanya, 1984.<\/p>\n -Kazakistan\u2019a s\u00fcr\u00fclen Lazlar, Radio Liberty, Ocak 1989. (aktaran:\u00a0Ogni<\/em>\u00a0K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi, Say\u0131 1, Kas\u0131m 1993).<\/p>\n -Mariam Lordkipanidze,\u00a0The Abkhazians and Abkhazia<\/em>, Tbilisi, 1990.<\/p>\n -Noder Lomouri \/ Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz (\u00e7ev.), \u201cEgrisi \/ Lazika Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Tarihi\u201d,\u00a0Ogni<\/em>\u00a0K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi, Say\u0131 5, Temmuz-A\u011fustos 1994.<\/p>\n -V. Minorsky, Lazlar,\u00a0\u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi<\/em>, Maarif Bas\u0131mevi, \u0130stanbul, 1957.<\/p>\n -Burhan O\u011fuz,\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye Halk\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fclt\u00fcr K\u00f6kenleri-I<\/em>, \u0130stanbul, 1976.<\/p>\n -Mehmet \u00d6nder, \u201c\u2018Lazlar\u0131n Tarihi\u2019 bu mu?\u201d\u00a0Tarih ve Toplum<\/em>\u00a0Dergisi, \u015eubat 1993.<\/p>\n -Sabahattin \u00d6nkibar, \u201cLazistan Safsatas\u0131\u201d,\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye<\/em>\u00a0gazetesi, 2.2.1993.<\/p>\n -Sandwith, M.D.,\u00a0The Siege of Kars<\/em>, London, 1856.<\/p>\n -Sevin\u00e7 Sokullu,\u00a0T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosu\u2019nda Komedya\u2019n\u0131n Evrimi<\/em>, K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ankara, 1979.<\/p>\n -Ali Sirmen, \u201c\u015eimdi de Bu mu \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131?\u201d, Milliyet, 11.10.1992.<\/p>\n -Sad\u0131k \u015eendil,\u00a0Yedi Kocal\u0131 H\u00fcrm\u00fcz<\/em>, Tiyatro-Film Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n -Dr. Tevfik Tarkan,\u00a0Rize-Hopa Y\u00f6resi Co\u011frafi Et\u00fcd\u00fc<\/em>, Erzurum, 1973.<\/p>\n -Osman Tamturuli,\u00a0Lazuri Berepe\u015feni<\/em>, Almanya, 1984.<\/p>\n -Tar\u0131k Zafer Tunaya,\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Siyasal Partiler<\/em>\u00a02, H\u00fcrriyet Vakf\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 1986.<\/p>\n -Tempo Dergisi<\/em>, Say\u0131 31, 29 Temmuz – 4 A\u011fustos, 1990.<\/p>\n -Tomorrow Global \u00c7evre Dergisi<\/em>, say\u0131 3, 15 Temmuz – 15 A\u011fustos 1993.<\/p>\n -T\u00fcrk Ansiklopedisi<\/em>\u00a0(Lazlar maddesi), Cilt 22.<\/p>\n -T\u00fcrk Ansiklopedisi<\/em>, Cilt 19, (G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan maddesi).<\/p>\n -Bilge Umar,\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Tarihsel Adlar<\/em>, \u0130nk\u0131lap Kitabevi, \u0130stanbul, 1993.<\/p>\n -Muhammed Vanili\u015fi \/ Ali Tandilava,\u00a0Lazlar\u0131n Tarihi<\/em>, Ant Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1992, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n -Stefanos Yerasimos,\u00a0Milliyetler ve S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131,\u00a0<\/em>\u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul 1994.<\/p>\n -Yurt Ansiklopedisi<\/em>, Cilt 1, 9, Anadolu Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, 1982, 1983, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n -\u0130skender\u00a03<\/em>ita\u015fi,\u00a0Lazuri Alboni<\/em>, Soxumi, 1935.<\/p>\n -\u0130skender\u00a03<\/em>ita\u015fi,\u00a0Okitxu\u015feni Supara, Mazurani Fila<\/em>, Soxumi, 1937.<\/p>\n TABLOLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n Adlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilen yerle\u015fim birimleri (eski ve yeni adlar\u0131yla):<\/strong><\/p>\n Xopa (Hopa):<\/em><\/strong> Bor\u00e7xa (Bor\u00e7ka):<\/em><\/strong> Arkabi (Arhavi):<\/em><\/strong> Vi\u0292\u0306e (F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131):<\/em><\/strong> Art\u0306a\u015feni (Arde\u015fen):<\/em><\/strong> Atina (Pazar):<\/em><\/strong> Laz tiplemesi:<\/strong><\/p>\n Geleneksel T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosu tiplemeye dayan\u0131r. Geleneksel T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosu\u2019nun Laz tiplemesi \u00f6zelli\u011finin, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz s\u00f6zde TV parodi ve ske\u00e7lerinde, tiyatro yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sanan ve bilimsellikten uzak baz\u0131 s\u00f6zde sanat\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan Laz karakterine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, bu konu \u00fczerinde durman\u0131n \u00f6nemini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Dr. Sokullu, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmada \u015fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere yer vermektedir:\u00a0\u201cKarag\u00f6z oyunlar\u0131nda \u00e7ok s\u0131k yap\u0131lan alay, insan\u0131n hayvansal yan\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirmeye, d\u00fcrt\u00fcsel davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye y\u00f6nelmi\u015ftir. Fakat bu g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7lemenin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme gibi bir ama\u00e7la yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, seyirciye<\/em>\u00a0\u2018kar\u015f\u0131\u2019\u00a0bir tav\u0131r tak\u0131nd\u0131racak bir g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7leme y\u00f6nteminin kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 farkedilir.<\/em><\/p>\n Oysa ger\u00e7ek durum \u00e7ok daha farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Kukla, Karag\u00f6z, Meddah ve Ortaoyunu\u2019nda insanlar meslekleriyle, olumsuz ve komik ki\u015fisel \u00f6zellikleriyle ve toplum kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 di\u011fer \u00f6zellikleriyle karakterize edilmezler. Bunun yerine \u015five, leh\u00e7e, deyi\u015f gibi etnik \u00f6zellikleri abart\u0131larak tiplenirler. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte bu \u00f6zelliklerle g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7leme yap\u0131l\u0131yor gibi geliyorsa da, oyunlardaki Laz, kendisini de\u011fil, t\u00fcm Lazlar\u0131 temsil etmektedir. Yani; Laz, Geleneksel T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosu\u2019nda her y\u00f6n\u00fcyle geldi\u011fi etnik k\u00f6keniyle yans\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Geleneksel T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosu\u2019nu izleyen ki\u015fi, hayat\u0131nda hi\u00e7 Laz g\u00f6rmemi\u015fse, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Laz tiplemesiyle, oyundan t\u00fcm Lazlar\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00f6zellikleriyle tan\u0131yarak ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 izlenimine kap\u0131labilir. Oyunun g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen, esas amac\u0131 da b\u00f6ylece ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n Metin And\u2019\u0131n da tipleme konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri \u015f\u00f6yledir:\u00a0\u201cKukla, Karag\u00f6z ve Ortaoyunu ki\u015filerinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zelli\u011fi tip olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar dura\u011fan ve de\u011fi\u015fmez genellemelerdir; kendi istemlerini kullanma g\u00fc\u00e7leri yoktur, bu y\u00fczden s\u00fcrekli olarak kendilerini yinelerler.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Laz tiplemesi,\u00a0\u201ca\u011fz\u0131 kalabal\u0131k, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndakine konu\u015fma f\u0131rsat\u0131 vermeyen\u201d<\/em>\u00a0bir tiplemedir. Laz, bu \u00f6zelli\u011finden hi\u00e7 vazge\u00e7mez, vazge\u00e7irilmez ve hep insanlar\u0131 kendisine g\u00fcld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Ona g\u00fcl\u00fcnmesinin ger\u00e7ek nedeni sadece\u00a0\u201ca\u011fz\u0131 kalabal\u0131k\u201d<\/em>\u00a0olu\u015fu mudur? Hay\u0131r. Ancak Kukla, Karag\u00f6z, Meddah ve Ortaoyunu\u2019nda rol\u00fc bellidir.\u00a0\u201cKendini bilmez ve ayn\u0131 zamanda da zay\u0131f durumdad\u0131r.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0Bunun sonucunda da alay konusu olup, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc,\u00a0\u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi<\/em>\u00a0de payla\u015fmaktad\u0131r:\u00a0\u201cT\u00fcrk atas\u00f6zleri ve Karag\u00f6z oyunlar\u0131 \u00e7ok zaman Lazlar\u0131 alay mevzuu olarak ele al\u0131rlar.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Dr. Sokullu,\u00a0\u201cg\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7lemenin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme gibi bir ama\u00e7la yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d<\/em>\u00a0belirtme ihtiyac\u0131 hissediyorsa da,\u00a0\u201cY\u00f6resel halk temsilcilerinin be\u015feri zaaf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok tipik soy \u00f6zelliklerinin karikat\u00fcrle\u015ftirildi\u011fini\u201d<\/em>\u00a0de belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n Dr. Sokullu,\u00a0\u201cTipik soy \u00f6zellikleri\u201d<\/em>\u00a0derken\u00a0\u201c\u015five, deyi\u015f\u201d<\/em>\u00a0\u00f6zelliklerini kastediyor olmal\u0131.<\/p>\n Kukla, Karag\u00f6z, Meddah, Ortaoyunu\u2019nda Laz\u0131n kendisine g\u00fcl\u00fcnmesini sa\u011flayan nedir?\u00a0\u201cAcelecilik ve gevezelik gibi belirli kal\u0131pla\u015fm\u0131\u015f davran\u0131\u015flar\u201d<\/em>\u00a0m\u0131?\u00a0\u201cK\u0131z\u2019a kiz; amca\u2019ya emice; Tamam\u2019a temem\u201d<\/em>\u00a0diyerek\u00a0\u201cgenellikle a\u2019dan sonra u; \u0131\u2019dan sonra u getirmesi\u201d<\/em>\u00a0mi? Yoksa sevdi\u011fi kad\u0131na tatl\u0131 s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylemesi gerekti\u011finde,\u00a0\u201cBaklava, sar\u0131\u011f\u0131 burma, kaymakl\u0131 ekmek kadaifi…\u201d<\/em>\u00a0demesi mi?<\/p>\n Laz\u0131n kendisine g\u00fcld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ne \u015fivesidir, ne de acele konu\u015fmas\u0131, Laza g\u00fclmelerinin nedeni tiplemede kendisine y\u00fcklenen akl\u0131 k\u0131tl\u0131kt\u0131r. Ona y\u00fcklenen, Ondan istenen akl\u0131 k\u0131t bir tutum sergilemesidir.\u00a0\u201cZay\u0131f durumdaki kendini bilmeyen\u201d<\/em>\u00a0tiplendirilmesiyle komik duruma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Laz\u0131n\u00a0kendi istemlerini kullanma g\u00fcc\u00fc yoktur.<\/em><\/p>\n Lazlar, Geleneksel T\u00fcrk Tiyatrosu\u2019nda ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz s\u00f6zde tiyatro ve TV ske\u00e7 ve parodilerindeki tiplemelerden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklere sahiptirler. N\u00fcfus co\u011frafyas\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re; Lazlar\u0131n yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u00fcney-do\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi insanlar\u0131n ya\u015famalar\u0131na, \u00fcremelerine ve geli\u015fmelerine son derece uygundur<\/p>\n Megrel-Lazlar ve Abhazya:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
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\n* Am\u00e7\u0306i\u015fe (Kuledibi Mahallesi); \u201cDimit\u0306ali, Nozo\u011fameni\u201d
\n* Buca\u011fi (Termik Mahallesi); \u201cGelektoni, P\u0306et\u0306ro\u011fali, Genaxvale, Zenisi, Mapa\u0292\u0306k\u0306ari, Giaurmezare, Nosit\u0306ane, Neferepuna, K\u0306iri\u00e7\u0306veri, K\u0306ik\u0306ivati, Lorigin\u017ee, O\u00e7\u0306otura\u201d
\n* \u015ekaxopa (Orta Hopa Mahallesi); \u201c\u00c7\u0306it\u0306a\u011fali, Zu\u011fap\u0306ici\u015fzeni, \u00c7\u0306ur\u00e7\u0306a\u011fali, Tolokro\u201d
\n*Sundura (Sundura Mahallesi); \u201cNadirati, Kilise, Budiati, Dimit\u0306iti, Xopa\u0292\u0306k\u0306ari\u201d
\n*M\u015fke (Cumhuriyet Mahallesi); \u201cRak\u0306anok\u0306va\u00e7xe, Non\u00e7\u0306ona, Paxurati, Dim\u0292xu, Nok\u0306andale, Binexepuna, Me\u00e7\u0306ur\u00e7\u0306a, Noba\u011fule, \u0292\u0306alenidixa, Jilenidixa, Viya, \u0292\u0306k\u0306aqeni, Batu\u011fi, Didiqona, \u00c7\u0306it\u0306aqona, Noxurmeni, Mskibu\u011fali, Abano, M\u015fkeceni\u015fzeni, Kvamurgi, Didiruba, \u00c7\u0306it\u0306aruba, Pa\u0292xa\u015f\u00e7ai, \u0292xemuri\u015fruba, Se\u00e7\u0306evati, Nobrinconi, Xelimefendi\u015fzeni, Doguroni\u015femti\u201d
\n*Azla\u011fa\/Abuisla (Esenk\u0131y\u0131); \u201c\u0130sina, K\u0306azoni, Pa\u00e7ati, K\u0306aravati, Xalda\u011fa, Cax\u00e7e, Doloqala, Qomurzeni, Me\u00e7\u0306a\u011fali, P\u0306ap\u0306ati, Meleniqona, Mskibu\u011fali, Gubi, \u00c7xaluri\u015fdixa, Oxvame, \u0130siyati, Xe\u015fegza, P\u0306ap\u0306ilati, No\u011fa, Mont\u0306ra\u0292eri, Jilengola, \u0292\u0306alengola, K\u0306alendere, Ok\u0306epe, Mtutik\u0306vata, K\u0306opmi\u015fi, Bozlobiya, M\u0292\u0306ipurzeni, Burbu\u015foxvame, Zenoba, K\u0306ok\u0306ogza, Nost\u0306oni, Nobagene, Nomoxeli, Dobirance, Sot\u0306ira, Kvam\u00e7ire, P\u0306lak\u0306i\u015fti\u201d
\n*An\u00e7oroxi (P\u0131narl\u0131); \u201c\u0292\u0306k\u0306arqina, Gvarci\u201d
\n* Ardala (E\u015fmekaya); \u201cZendidi\u201d
\n* Bu\u00e7e (G\u00fcvercinli); \u201cGargadina, Dobradidi, Kulavati, Barade, Dobra\u0292ina, \u0130nixi, K\u0306oru, Noba\u011fule, Ot\u0306oroce, X\u00e7ingela\u011fureri\u201d
\n* Zalona (Koyuncular),
\n*Jurp\u0306ici (Yoldere),
\n*K\u0306araosmanie (Karaosmaniye),
\n* K\u0306ise (Sug\u00f6ren); \u201cZennati, Na\u015feni, P\u0306ap\u0306ilati, Caboiti, \u0130sina, \u0292xueti\u201d
\n* Limani (Limank\u00f6y); \u201cM\u0292\u0306k\u0306o\u015fsirti, Badi\u015fqona, Xoca\u015fqona, Ga\u00e7a\u015fqona, Dingi\u015fzeni, Kvamajura, Kvamurgi, K\u0306arali\u015fzeni, K\u0306ara\u011fa\u00e7\u0306i\u015fzeni, Loboda, Mura\u015fzeni, Sinak\u0306ati, \u00c7\u0306it\u0306azeni, X\u00e7e\u015fona, P\u0306ap\u0306a\u0292\u0306k\u0306ari, K\u0306amp\u0306arona, Ku\u00e7vati, Mo\u00e7\u0306veri, Jilengele, Limangele, Maniak\u0306eti, Nobagene, Kutana\u015foca\u011fi, Efkari\u015frak\u0306ani, Rak\u0306ani\u015fofut\u0306e, \u0292xeni\u015fk\u0306ap\u0306ula\u201d
\n* Maiskioput\u0306e (Derei\u00e7i); \u201c\u0130laati, K\u0306ak\u0306alepuna, K\u0306it\u0306rati, Maqarona, Mele, Mollao\u011fli\u015f\u00e7ereme, Nobinceni, Yama\u011fi\u015f\u00e7ereme, Oisire, Omkire, P\u0306ap\u0306ulo\u011fli\u015f\u00e7ereme, U\u00e7a\u015fepuna, Poteliti, \u011eup\u0306uno\u011fli\u015foca\u011fi, \u00c7xona, \u0292apa\u015f\u00e7ereme, \u00c7erkesi\u015foput\u0306e, Xalba\u015foput\u0306e, Xacmeduli\u201d
\n* Mak\u0306riali\/ No\u011fedi (Kemalpa\u015fa); \u201cA\u011fape\u015foput\u0306e (Sonbaylar Mahallesi), \u00c7\u0306it\u0306ano\u011fedi (Koha Mahallesi), Xalba\u015fi (Kibaro\u011flu Mahallesi), \u00c7an\u00e7xara, Mak\u0306rial\u0292\u0306k\u0306ari, Quliganisi, Soveli (Selimiye); \u201cP\u0306ot\u0306ra\u0292\u0306k\u0306ari, U\u015fkirepuna, Poteliti, Kvat\u0306axeri, \u011eink\u0306iti, \u00c7ebo\u011fli\u015fqona, X\u00e7e\u015fona\u201d
\n* Mxigi (Ba\u015fk\u00f6y), \u201cMerk\u0306uleti, Nok\u0306araveni, P\u0306ep\u0306enati, No\u015fker\u00e7\u0306veri, K\u0306oxara, Ayano, Bati, Neferepuna, \u011eecepuna, Nobagene, Kvamurgi, Mskibu\u011fali, \u015ekasoti, Ond\u011fulapu, Varangiti, Burta, Burta\u015f\u011fali, Mtutik\u0306vata, Poru, Poru\u015f\u011fali, Pat\u0306ma\u015fk\u0306u\u00e7xe\u201d
\n*Osmanie (Osmaniye),
\n*P\u0306an\u00e7\u0306oli (Ye\u015filk\u00f6y); \u201cBalaxina, Zenimele, K\u0306ot\u0306ili, Noba\u011fule, Obicana, Op\u0306urmole, P\u0306at\u0306i\u015ft\u0306oba, T\u0306abo, T\u0306a\u00e7\u0306k\u0306uri, \u00c7ex\u00e7ina, Dimit\u0306ali, Kvadidi, Op\u0306umu\u011fali, Kvamostomeri, Zelik\u0306alani, Nosu\u011feni, Ba\u011fade, Oktisari, Zelena, Metibci, Golaktoni, M\u015fkena, M\u015fkelepuna\u201d
\n*P\u0306eroniti (\u00c7aml\u0131k\u00f6y); \u201cNot\u0306a\u011fane, Melenp\u0306eronti, K\u0306ut\u0306unati, Miyaneti, Bangleti, Buyukleti, Noca\u011feni, M\u0292\u0306k\u0306eri, Xusuk\u0306ani, \u0130sina, Abano, \u011ealdidi, Cixa, Gedi\u011fi\u015fi, Gargadina, Mskibu\u011fali, Ne\u017eepuna, Kvam\u0292iti, Di\u015fkua\u201d
\n* Moleni Sarpi (Sarp); \u201cKva\u00e7\u0306a\u00e7\u0306i, Qonaquru, K\u0306ona\u011fi, Gulbax\u00e7e, P\u0306ap\u0306ati, Ruba, K\u0306olombuli, Ne\u017ei\u015ftude, Papuli\u015fqona, M\u0292xuli\u015fqona, K\u0306ili\u00e7oca\u011fi, Kvaepuna, Xurma\u015fqona, O\u00e7\u0306inaxu\u015foput\u0306e, Xincipeteri, Eksavati, K\u0306eremitxana, Cgirola, Rok\u0306epuna, \u0292\u0306amangana, Golaskioca\u011fi, Bogina, Nomskibeni, Arabi\u015fqona, Nopa\u0292xeni, \u00c7ai\u015fp\u0306ici, Atoina\u011fi, Rak\u0306ani, Oxvame, \u011ealdidi, M\u0292xulepuna, \u011earva, Ge\u00e7\u0306va, Qomurzeni, O\u00e7\u0306inaxu\u015foput\u0306e, Didimegza, \u00c7\u0306it\u0306amegza, Qomurqona\u201d
\n*Sumcuma (\u00dc\u00e7karde\u015f); \u201cDemiro\u011fli\u015fqona, Or\u00e7\u0306ali\u015fqona, Kvano\u011famisa, \u00c7ivili\u015fqona, Cgirola\u201d
\n* Koprici (K\u00f6pr\u00fcc\u00fc); \u201cArmutduzi, Esentepe, Xalba\u015fi, Xem\u015fillikoyi, Banik\u0306i, Ba\u0292xana, Gubi, \u0130n\u00e7\u0306k\u0306ale, K\u0306azarma, Ma\u011fara, \u00c7\u0306aneti, Xaco\u011fli\u015fda\u011fi, Cefuk\u0306a\u201d
\n*\u015eana (Kayak\u00f6y),
\n*\u00c7au\u015fli (\u00c7avu\u015flu),
\n* \u0292\u0306k\u0306ari\u015fti (Suba\u015f\u0131); \u201cKu\u015fanasti, Sauzurgi\u201d
\n*\u00c7\u0306an\u00e7\u0306axuna (\u00c7amurlu),
\n* Xem\u015fillu\u011fi (Kazimiye),
\n*Xendek\u0306i (Hendek),
\n*Xigoba (Ba\u015foba)<\/p>\n
\n*Jurxinci (\u00c7iftek\u00f6pr\u00fc); \u201cGur\u015fati, Omjore, Xoxara, Civati\u201d
\n*Saxandro (F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131); \u201cBa\u015fkoyi, T\u0306agin\u017ee, \u00c7\u0306armak\u0306iti\u201d
\n*\u00c7xalazeni (D\u00fczk\u00f6y); \u201cVardvaniti, Tapla, Txoriti, K\u0306ont\u0306iati, Yastaroni, T\u0306amaxeni, \u00c7irati, \u00c7\u0306ati, \u00c7\u0306aniti, \u00c7\u0306armati, Amalani, Ayano, Bogati, Boroxmeti, Gorgodi, Dobiradidi, Tutunlu\u011fi, Txiruna, Rak\u0306ani, Saliskuri, T\u0306a\u015fgemi, Kvam\u0292\u0306k\u0306ili, \u00c7irdila, \u0292\u0306k\u0306artoli, \u00c7\u0306ink\u0306a\u011fali, \u00c7\u0306k\u0306onuna, Xamik\u0306ovanlu\u011fi, Cgirazeni\u201d
\n*Xanduzi (Demirciler); \u201cDak\u0306var\u011fali (K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckk\u00f6y), Vaneti, K\u0306ostaneti (Kestanelik), Lepati, Makreti (Top\u00e7ular), Mirvati, Ovru, P\u0306an\u00e7\u0306urati (Pancarl\u0131), Sulaniti, T\u0306ronoput\u0306e, Pi\u00e7xeti, Put\u0306k\u0306arati\u201d, Mamanati (Elmal\u0131k); \u201cBakana, Ba\u011fup\u0306ici, Gelvoxunale, K\u0306alva, Mo\u011fveni, Oxormele, \u011ealdidi, \u011ear\u011foma\u201d<\/p>\n
\n* K\u0306ap\u0306istona\/K\u0306apisre (Kale Mahallesi),
\n*Musazade (Merkez Mahallesi),
\n*P\u0306ayant\u0306e (Hac\u0131lar Mahallesi),
\n* \u00c7\u0306armati (Cumhuriyet Mahallesi),
\n*Ba\u015fkoyi (Ba\u015fk\u00f6y); \u201cEladixa, Mastak\u0306a, \u0292\u0306alenopa, \u0292\u0306k\u0306armele\u201d
\n*Baxta (Kire\u00e7lik),
\n*Cgirazeni (Kemerk\u00f6pr\u00fc); \u201c\u011ealat\u0306a\u201d
\n*Gidreva (Dere\u00fcst\u00fc), \u201cGogva\u201d
\n* Gyaznoyona (G\u00fcne\u015fli); \u201cTakamandeni, Exrema, Noncexeli, Op\u0306urmole, Borgali, K\u0306ik\u0306in\u0292a\u015frak\u0306ani, M\u00e7\u0306e\u015fi\u011fali, Kvagamarderi, Kvak\u0306un\u0292\u0306uli\u201d
\n* Durmati (Ula\u015f); \u201cArmoni\u201d
\n*K\u0306amp\u0306arna (Dikyama\u00e7); \u201cZeni, \u0292\u0306k\u0306armele (Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar), Kvadesmindi, Kvamurgi, \u0292\u0306k\u0306arini, \u0130sieti, Nopandreni, Ank\u0306ona, Gemrak\u0306ani, Tuntu\u015fona, Maxi, P\u0306rak\u0306i, Jinokoe, \u0292a\u015fona, Kamileturi\u011fali, Karmat\u0306e\u011fali, Ni\u015fa\u011fule, Pezurgi, \u0292\u0306k\u0306ak\u0306ut\u0306uli, Op\u0306urmole, Exrema, K\u0306ik\u0306in\u0292a\u015frak\u0306ani, \u00c7\u0306k\u0306e\u015fi\u011fali, Hekalemp\u0306ici\u201d
\n* K\u0306op\u0306t\u0306one (G\u00fcrgencik); \u201cBogina, K\u0306a\u011fa\u00e7\u0306lu\u011fi, Mea\u00e7\u0306veri, P\u0306lak\u0306i, Po\u011fari, Kvak\u0306un\u0292\u0306uli, \u015ek\u0306ap\u0306aci, \u0292\u0306inek\u0306ge\u00e7\u0306k\u0306aperi, \u00c7\u0306uburepuna, \u015ek\u0306ap\u0306acuri\u011fali\u201d
\n*K\u0306ordeliti (Konakl\u0131); \u201cK\u0306ado\u011flida\u011fi, T\u0306ak\u0306ozi\u015ft\u0306oba, Ce\u011fani\u201d
\n*K\u0306ut\u0306uniti; Jilenk\u0306ut\u0306uniti (Tepeyurt), \u0292\u0306alenk\u0306ut\u0306uniti (\u015eenk\u00f6y),
\n* Lome (Yolge\u00e7en),
\n* Nap\u015fiti (\u015eahinler); Jilennap\u015fiti (Yukar\u0131 \u015eahinler), \u201cGencironi, X\u00e7inigela\u011fureri, Ap\u0306on\u011fala, K\u0306ik\u0306ivati\u201d, \u0292\u0306alennap\u015fiti (A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u015eahinler),
\n* Noba\u011fleni (Y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131),
\n* Yak\u0306oviti (Kavak); \u201cLanc\u011fona, T\u0306uk\u0306mene, Agara\u201d
\n* Ortakoyi (Ortacalar),
\n*Ot\u0306alaxe (S\u0131rtoba); \u201c\u00c7\u0306an\u00e7\u0306axepuna, Or\u00e7\u0306i\u201d
\n* P\u0306ap\u0306ilati (Ar\u0131l\u0131),
\n*P\u0306ot\u0306ocuri; Jilenp\u0306ot\u0306ocuri (So\u011fucak), \u0292\u0306alenp\u0306ot\u0306ocuri (D\u00fclgerli),
\n* Jilenk\u0306ap\u0306isre (G\u00fcng\u00f6ren),
\n* Sidere (Derecik); \u201cCibagati\u201d
\n* Suxuleti\/Ku\u0292ubeti (K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckk\u00f6y); \u201cGulavati\u201d
\n* Sum\u011fali (\u00dc\u00e7\u0131rmak); \u201cMet\u0306iberi, Kvaxerxi\u201d
\n* Sumepeti (\u00dc\u00e7ler),
\n*Parexi (Boyuncuk),
\n* \u00c7\u0306uk\u0306alvati (Kestanealan),
\n*Pilargeti (Ulukent \/Bal\u0131kl\u0131); \u201cBardi, Ba\u011fva, Emeniati, Luk\u0306umxalina, Jinpilargeti, Bardiduzi, Ba\u011fuditi, Bor\u0292i, Gampu, Gursu\u015fona, Dadi\u015fona, Ezizi\u015fona, Elime\u015fduzi, \u0130lyasi\u015fona, \u0130n\u00e7\u0306urna, \u0130sina, \u0130\u015fonona, K\u0306amp\u0306arna\u015fp\u0306ici, K\u0306ayaba\u015fi, K\u0306inyazi\u015fona, K\u0306orulu\u011fi, K\u0306ot\u0306ili\u015fona, K\u0306oparmali\u015fi, Livanzeni, Ma\u011fara, Meyak\u0306ap\u0306inoni, Met\u0306iberi, Mokteri, Noxoceni, Oine, Omatxore, Omjore, Omur\u011fali, Op\u0306urmole, Ofli\u015fduzi, P\u0306ant\u0306a\u015fona, Sap\u0306ari\u015fona, T\u0306op\u0306i\u015fona, U\u00e7ada\u011fi, Kelali\u015fona, Kvanusa, K\u00e7ingela\u011fureri, \u011evar\u011fi, \u011eu\u015fob\u011fe, \u00c7ebina\u015fi, \u0292\u0306k\u0306artoli, Xanumi\u015fduzi, Xacali\u015fona, Ca\u015fona, Fit\u0306ozi\u015fona, Karmat\u0306e\u011fali, Borxina, Nezepuna\u201d<\/p>\n
\n*Abuno\u011fa\/Abusufla (Aksu Mahallesi); \u201cElak\u0306re, Vak\u0306eli, Mek\u0306avrati, O\u00e7\u0306ur\u00e7\u0306ale, P\u0306erp\u0306u, Kuba\u201d
\n* Gesiya (Tatl\u0131su Mahallesi),
\n*Vi\u0292\u0306eno\u011fa (Merkez Mahallesi),
\n* Toro\u0292i (Liman Mahallesi),
\n* Pa\u00e7va\/K\u0306alo (Yeni Mahalle),
\n*K\u0306urt\u0306ume (Il\u0131ca Mahallesi),
\n*\u011eavra (H\u00fcrriyet Mahallesi); \u201cAtmacape\u015favla, Aleskiri, Budiva, Serbasanepe\u015favla, T\u0306airo\u011fli\u015favla, \u00c7ebinape\u015favla, K\u0306enk\u0306e, Noomeni, \u0292\u0306k\u0306ar\u011fali, Abugza, Avla\u015fgomtumani, Bazu\u011fi\u015favla, Gergavati, K\u0306oru, Meaxvaloni, M\u0292\u0306k\u0306opuna, Nermanati, Nok\u0306epreni, Nolivadeni, Non\u00e7xomeni, Nost\u0306ameni, No\u011fali, Omeri\u015favla, Oxori\u015fgomtumani, Jilenlivadi, \u0292\u0306alenlivadi, \u0292\u0306k\u0306arti\u011fali, \u00c7\u0306ala
\n*Mek\u0306iskiri (Sahil Mahallesi),
\n* Abuulya (\u00c7a\u011flayan); \u201cBalabani, Lava\u015fa, Nane, Ortakoyi, P\u0306ai, Kva\u015fxinci, A\u00e7xozli, Axvani, Gurcizeni, La\u011fubi, Ma\u011fluti, Sa\u011flari, Simaoni, T\u0306a\u015f\u00e7ima\u011fara, Pandi\u0292\u0306k\u0306ari, Pe\u0292an\u0292ori, Kokro, Xamzazeni, Cehernem\u011fali, Cumenik\u0306i, Fidanlu\u011fi, Asisai, Gegza, Golagza, T\u0306unya, \u0130sina, K\u0306orulu\u011fi, Mont\u0306ra\u0292eri, Nodik\u0306eni, Puksi, Kakaskuri, Kvak\u00e7e, \u011eali\u015fka, \u011ealu\u00e7a, \u011eecidolok\u0292aperi, \u0292\u0306o\u011fori, \u0292\u0306o\u0292\u0306oloni
\n* Gurupiti (Yenik\u00f6y); \u201c\u0292\u0306alengurupiti, Jilengurupiti, \u0292\u0306alenxem\u015filati, Jilenxem\u015filati, Borgali, Gargadona, Gebironi, Doxmeli, Duduskuri, Duvani\u015fona, Zurgi, \u0130sina, K\u0306irk\u0306i, Luk\u0306umxalona, Luxexeri, Ne\u017eepuna, Noba\u011fule, Nok\u0306alive, Nolivade, Nomk\u0306yapule, Nosik\u0306ale, Nopat\u0306eni, Nokumeni, Nokurdeni, No\u00e7\u0306a\u011fane, Nt\u0306ra\u0292eri, Ok\u0306in\u00e7e, Omeritente, Omeri\u015f\u0292\u0306k\u0306ari, Omjore, Omjore\u015fk\u0306udeli, On\u00e7xore, P\u0306orp\u0306oli, T\u0306obalonduni, Kvan\u00e7\u0306oreri, \u015eak\u0306u\u00e7xe, \u0292\u0306k\u0306arti, \u0292\u0306k\u0306aro\u015fumoni, \u00c7\u0306or\u00e7\u0306ona, Cinarezurgi
\n* Mzu\u011fu (Sulak); \u201cDan\u017eona, Zadixa, K\u0306arba\u011fu (\u015eentepe), Met\u0306askuri, Okura, Senozli, Ge\u00e7xap\u0306oni, Zeni, Tesme\u015fe, Tikme, \u0130dra, \u0130sina, Me\u015feduzi, Ne\u017eona, O\u011flik\u0306oni, Sk\u0306ala\u011fali, Skibazeni, T\u0306obalaxt\u0306i, Kvak\u00e7e, \u015ek\u0306ivazeni, \u0292\u0306k\u0306armele, Calepuna, Ca\u015fob\u011fe\u201d
\n*Mo\u0292xora (K\u0131y\u0131c\u0131k); K\u0306ont\u0306ive
\n* Sumla (S\u00fcmer); K\u0306ut\u0306uniti, Nomarak\u0306i, Yai\u00e7\u0306i, Sermeni, Sumlano\u011fa, Kvaxule, \u011eoncoti, Xazara, Ba\u00e7ka\u011fali, Selimi, T\u0306oba\u015fduzi,
\n* Rak\u0306anik\u0306a (Tepecik); \u201cP\u0306et\u0306eskiri, Zebeliti, K\u0306oloci, Nomandreni, \u00c7\u0306a\u00e7xuri\u201d
\n* T\u0306revendi (Derbent); \u201c\u0292\u0306alent\u0306revendi, Jilent\u0306revendi, Bindva, Nap\u0306eti, Armoini, Delaxmet\u0306i\u015favla, Gem\u00e7vati, Tudenst\u0306asi, Turki\u015ftudele, K\u0306urt\u0306u\u011fali, Nolobeni, Okti, Suconduzi, \u0292\u0306alen\u011fali, \u0292\u0306k\u0306arigza, \u0292\u0306k\u0306ark\u0306uk\u0306uma, \u0292\u0306k\u0306armele\u201d
\n* Pi\u0292xalasufla (Ar\u0131l\u0131); \u201cAile, Bulak\u0306o, Turna\u015favla, K\u0306adi\u015favla, Came\u015favla, K\u0306uru\u015favla, Mzaine, P\u0306azine, A\u00e7i\u011fona, Bulizeni, Gargadi, Gelaxunoni, Dadalavla, Di\u0292xona, Turnazeni, K\u0306ik\u0306ina\u015fona, K\u0306ara\u0292\u0306adixa, K\u0306varba\u011fu, Limxanapuna, Melekteri, Merzeduzi, Mont\u0306re\u0292i, Ne\u017eona, Noba\u011fene, Nomk\u0306yapule, Nosiruba, Nopat\u0306eni, Noxak\u0306ene, Yobiduzi, Oine, Ombrepeti, Omjore, Ont\u0306k\u0306olepe, Oxvame, P\u0306ap\u0306uzeni, Jilenmelikteri, Skander\u011fali, T\u0306epe, Ust\u0306axmet\u0306i\u015flivadi, Kaklapi, Kvalona, Kvarbe, \u011eesti, \u0292\u0306a\u0292\u0306k\u0306uneri, Xacali\u015fona, Cagvari\u201d
\n*Pi\u0292xalaulya (G\u00fcrsu); \u201cBa\u015fkoyi, K\u0306ancakoyi, \u0292\u0306ak\u0306odoni, Bayami\u015favla, Terzo\u011fli\u015favla, Lodape\u015favla, Pa\u015fa\u015favla, Kurdi\u015favla, \u00c7\u0306evati\u015favla, Bo\u0292ona, Gerdosume, Ge\u00e7it\u0306i, Goloskuri, K\u0306ak\u0306ele, K\u0306arada\u011fi, K\u0306vamandixa, Mamandixa, Mont\u0306re\u0292i, Noba\u011fule, Non\u017e\u011fameni, Nora, Not\u0306oroce, Oine, Omoxale, Omjore, Sa\u0292axi, Pinarona, Kvana\u00e7ini, Kvat\u0306axeri, \u011eonoba, \u00c7alu\u011fuzeni, \u00c7urna\u011fali, \u0292\u0306k\u0306armele, Xaco\u011fli\u015fona, \u00c7\u0306ink\u0306ama\u011fara\u201d
\n* \u011eayna (Ihlamurlu); \u201cZenimo\u015fi, K\u0306alkanli, K\u0306okvaskuri, Mandremosi (Yemi\u015fli), Okura\u201d
\n\u2022 \u00c7uk\u0306uliti\/Abuxem\u015fini (Aslandere); \u201cMeurzena, O\u00e7amreti, \u015eir\u011fori\u201d
\n\u2022 \u0292ati (Saat); \u201cToxumi (Tohumlu), Ne\u017eifi\u015favla, Odoba\u015fi\u015favla, \u00c7elengi\u015favla, \u00c7\u0306k\u0306emi\u015fi\u015favla, Bak\u0306i, Beyazali, Golagza, Dogzeni, Dolozeni, Zeni, Temeli\u015fi, \u0130bik\u0306i\u015fduzi, \u0130n\u00e7\u0306erepuna, \u0130sina, K\u0306abili\u015fona, K\u0306umu\u015fi, Om\u00e7ananik\u0306i, Ruba, T\u0306ra\u015fi, Kere\u00e7xana, Kose\u015fona, \u015eenlu\u011fi\u201d
\n*\u0292\u0306upe (Beydere),
\n* \u00c7\u0306anap\u0306eti (Meyval\u0131); \u201cTolim\u00e7xvana, K\u0306aralikoyi, Kibari\u015favla, \u00c7xant\u0306ikoyi, Xem\u015felati, K\u0306orxona, Mandre\u00e7\u0306veri, M\u0292xulizeni, M\u011festi, \u00c7ar\u00e7a\u011fani, \u0292xembrona\u201d
\n*\u00c7\u0306ur\u00e7\u0306ava (\u00c7\u0131narl\u0131); \u201cAndravati (G\u00f6k\u00e7eta\u015f), K\u0306ilava (Kilittepe), Savaskiri (Kirazl\u0131), Nomp\u0306rane, \u00c7\u0306enneti, Xok\u0306ovati, Altuno\u011fli\u015favla, Berbato\u011fli\u015favla, Gedu\u011fi\u015favla, Duli\u0292\u0306a\u015favla, Zorli\u015favla, Tudenavla, Tuilo\u011fli\u015favla, K\u0306ot\u0306ilo\u011fli\u015favla, K\u0306ulek\u0306o\u011fli\u015favla, Mununi\u015favla, Omero\u011fli\u015favla, Osmano\u011fli\u015favla, Jinavla, Rizinali\u015favla, Selimo\u011fli\u015favla, Pupo\u011fli\u015favla, \u00c7amangavla, Xachuseni\u015favla, Fano\u011fli\u015favla, Amgvaneti, An\u017e\u011fali, Be\u015fkidi, Genazuk\u0306i, Golaoba, Elak\u0306re, Zendidi, Zeni, Zurgi, K\u0306oloci, K\u0306oru, Memet\u0306eli\u015fi, Ne\u017emakvala, Ne\u017eona, Nolangvane, Nomoxeli, Nosuleni, No\u011feceni, Oine, Omjore, Oxort\u0306ut\u0306oneri, P\u0306a\u00e7\u0306andixa, Selamsona, Kvat\u0306axeri, Kere\u00e7xana, \u011ealdidi, \u00c7im\u00e7iopuna, \u0292\u0306k\u0306arti\u011fali, \u00c7\u0306ubrona, Xolonidi, Famk\u0306ude\u201d
\n*Xara (Hara); \u201cK\u0306ozma\u011fa, Demiri\u015favla, K\u0306adepe\u015favla, K\u0306avazo\u011fli\u015favla, K\u0306aralepe\u015favla, Memi\u015fi\u015favla, Yobi\u015fi\u015favla, Ruk\u0306e\u015favla, Kitap\u00e7epe\u015favla, Koro\u011fli\u015favla, Koso\u011fli\u015favla, Xoco\u011flepe\u015favla, Camek\u0306ala, Gelaskendi, Gen\u00e7\u0306ereri, Doxvaminoni, Du\u00e7\u0306k\u0306a\u015fa, \u0130sina, Mtuti\u015fob\u011fe, M\u0292\u0306k\u0306adona, Omoxale, Omjore, Stama, Karmat\u0306e\u011fali, \u0292\u0306k\u0306aromani, \u0292\u0306k\u0306aro\u015fumoni\u201d
\n*Xem\u015filati (Yaylac\u0131lar); \u201cBadurin, Goloskur, Duxan, Mesazlar, Omuxale, T\u0306a\u00e7iman, Koka\u0292or\u201d<\/p>\n
\n* Metisti (Bar\u0131\u015f Mahallesi); \u201cAp\u0306a\u00e7i, K\u0306aracaavla, Micgure, M\u015fkeropunaruba, \u00c7ororuba\u201d
\n*No\u011fa (Merkez Mahallesi),
\n* Ok\u0306ordule (Yayla Mahallesi); \u201cAvlalivadi, Bak\u0306o\u011fliosmanona, Devri\u015fona, Tuden\u0292\u0306ari, \u0130sina, K\u0306ama\u015fani, K\u0306asavati, K\u0306ula, K\u0306urt\u0306iavla, Memeona, Me\u015felu\u011fi, \u0292\u0306alenona, Micgure, Nolivade, T\u0306obasti, T\u0306ur\u00e7iona, Pa\u0292xape, Port\u0306ok\u0306allu\u011fi, \u015eumelevati, \u00c7e\u015fona, \u0292\u0306ariba\u015fxuri, Cak\u015fi\u015fona, Cinilivadi\u201d
\n* Siati (Ba\u015f Mahalle),
\n*Put\u0306ra (Bahar Mahallesi),
\n* Kvan\u00e7\u0306areri (Elmal\u0131k); \u201cBadalaavla, Terziavla\u201d
\n*\u00c7\u0306i\u00e7\u0306ivati (\u015eentepe),
\n*Cibist\u0306asi (Yeni Mahalle); \u201cBainaavla, Tainaavla, K\u0306ulik\u0306an\u00e7ona, Xomopina\u201d
\n* Furt\u0306ona (D\u00fcz Mahalle); \u201cRo\u015fi, Cesvaraponi\u201d
\n* A\u011fvani (Seslikaya); \u201cAva\u00e7\u0306iavla (\u00c7avu\u015fo\u011flu Mahallesi), Alik\u0306iavla (Ba\u015f Mahalle), Banik\u0306iavla (\u015eeremet Mahallesi), Evit\u0306eti (Dere Mahallesi), Tudeniavla (Dede Mahallesi), K\u0306ant\u0306evast\u0306asi (\u015eenyama\u00e7), Moraliavla (Yavuz), Osvaraponi, Cenuk\u0306u (T\u00fcrbe Mahallesi), Zurgi, Txirona, Me\u015fk\u0306amxuri, Mt\u0306auru, Non\u00e7ereni, No\u011feceni, Sk\u0306indona, T\u0306afaavla, Pertek\u0306ala, Kvam\u00e7\u0306ita, Kvat\u0306avli, Kva\u015fuba, \u0292\u0306arik\u0306ala, \u0292\u0306arin\u00e7xuru, Xende\u011fi, Celazeni, Ce\u011foburi, Cixali, Caurimek\u0306ap\u0306inoni, Ba\u00e7\u0306i, Maxat\u0306oba, Cexunt\u0306oba, Let\u0306ona, M\u0292\u0306upona, M\u0292\u0306umoni\u015fk\u0306ala, T\u0306oba\u015fk\u0306ala, \u00c7\u0306a\u00e7\u0306aona, Cennemina, Balagina, Xocibadi, Xincitude, Rak\u0306animele, Xomuyiniavla, Dutxuriruba, Dutxurizeni, Let\u0306am\u00e7\u0306itona, Kvam\u00e7\u0306udi, Kvaok\u0306o\u015fk\u0306oreri, Buna, Kvaoron\u0292inoni, Karmat\u0306eruba, Ziyaavla, Cenuk\u0306uavla, Xaciruba, \u00c7\u0306or\u011funi, Mek\u0306a\u00e7oniruba, K\u0306ulaberiavla, Tubbeavla, \u00c7\u0306erona, Noba\u011fule, \u0292\u0306ari\u00e7xuri, Velo\u011fliavla, \u00c7oro\u011fliavla, Sutlio\u011fliavla, Yegeno\u011fliavla, Mufto\u011fliavla, Tersiavla, Xaciavla, K\u0306urdo\u011fliavla, \u00c7avu\u015fo\u011fliavla, Ce\u00e7xasano\u011fliavla\u201d
\n*A\u011feni (Beyazkaya),
\n* Bak\u0306va (Yama\u00e7dere); \u201cP\u0306ap\u0306aineti, Rak\u0306ani, \u011eumencaavla, \u00c7imbriavla, \u00c7ira\u011fiavla, Xasaniavla, Cancaavla, Cevreriavla, Ap\u0306a\u00e7\u0306i, K\u0306ave\u015fk\u0306ala, Molozeni, T\u0306obalayla, \u00c7alu\u011fuzeni, Furt\u0306onaabca, Kvani\u0292\u0306aruba\u201d
\n* Dutxe (Tunca); \u201cZendi do \u00c7\u0306irina (Ortaada), Noba\u011fule (Konak), Perteti do \u00c7urdo\u011fliavla (D\u00fcz Mahalle), T\u0306axori, Xalik\u0306ana (\u015eenyuva), Xok\u0306ovati (Esentepe), Celaisk\u0306uri (Kirazl\u0131k Mahallesi), \u0130sina, K\u0306ant\u0306ivati, Livadik\u0306udeli, Omcorerak\u0306ani, Onamosi, O\u015fk\u0306enanionamosi, Oca, P\u0306o\u011fona, Rubameleniona, \u00c7erkinizeni, \u0292\u0306arik\u015fe, Fetaavla, \u0130prik\u00e7e\u015fi, \u00c7\u0306arxirak\u0306ani, \u00c7\u0306umayida, Depanirak\u0306ani, Goktoni, \u011ealatik\u0306ona, \u0130nt\u0306ori, Kvayti, Lardivati, Mandreruba, M\u011festi, Movri, Mulona, Muxudoni, Nan\u00e7\u0306eri, Neknari, Nok\u0306ot\u0306ule, Nolivade, Txirona, Om\u00e7\u0306apule, Omjvabule, Rak\u0306animele, Sidere, \u015ea\u015fk\u0306eni, \u015eoraxi, Terteti, Zirzeni\u201d
\n*Zenimosi ( Yurtsever),
\n* Timisvati (K\u00f6pr\u00fck\u00f6y); \u201cMit\u0306ati, \u00c7erana, Beti\u00e7oi, Xincip\u0306ici, Bulizeni, K\u0306uk\u0306loma, Notena, Nolivade, \u011eulivati, \u00c7eranazeni, Biliona, Golamturi, Didida\u011fi, Elap\u0306ici, Vula, Livadik\u0306udeli, Meoruba, Norigun\u017ee, Operida\u011fi, T\u0306ask\u0306uri, Po\u011farina, Karmat\u0306eruba, Kvam\u0292xeni, Kvam\u0292\u0306k\u0306uli, \u015eainik\u0306aya, \u0292\u0306alelivadi, \u00c7\u0306e\u00e7\u0306au\u00e7a, Xamilivadi, Xeba\u011fu, Celaboni, Celazeni, Celaxunoni, Cilemona\u201d
\n* Tolik\u00e7eti (Duygulu); \u201cAlekso\u011flepe, Franco\u011flepe, Aba\u015finaona, Vask\u0306ilisk\u0306uri, Vula, Zurgi, K\u0306isulaona, K\u0306unuxiona, K\u0306ufezeni, K\u0306inya, Nosik\u0306ale, \u00c7\u0306exuona, Cem\u0292\u0306omilu, Fi\u015fnaona\u201d
\n* Maxat\u0306oba; \u201cGza\u0292\u0306ale, K\u0306aracozona, \u00c7ibariavla, Cefilit\u0306e\u201d
\n* Mexeniti (\u015eenyurt); \u201cOt\u0306oba\u015fe, Yoviti, Mola\u00e7\u0306veri, Ok\u0306om\u00e7\u0306irada, Ba\u011fuk\u0306u\u00e7xe, Nok\u0306uk\u0306are, T\u0306obak\u0292aperi, K\u0306ap\u0306ula, On\u017einapu, \u0292\u0306ariti, Nour\u017eene, Nok\u0306ak\u0306it\u0306e, Mtuti\u0292\u0306ameri, M\u0292\u0306uruba, M\u00e7\u0306onona, No\u00e7\u0306eproni, On\u00e7xure, Mek\u0306isk\u0306iri, Kuri\u015fepxe, Lik\u0306udi, Kuri\u015fob\u011fe, Ba\u00e7\u0306izurgi, Kvat\u0306axeri, Oxvamurak\u0306ani\u201d
\n* Mut\u0306afi (G\u00fcndo\u011fan); \u201cBerxa, Veisiavla, K\u0306aniavla, K\u0306arosmano\u011fliavla, K\u0306uleciavla, Selimo\u011fliavla, \u00c7eli\u011fiavla, Cencalo\u011fliavla, Arap\u0306ina, Bak\u0306amandre, Ba\u00e7\u0306i, Boyen\u017e\u011femi, Godixa, Golagza, Da\u011fiona, Dove, Zumadi, Merzek\u0306udeli, Mola\u00e7veri, Noba\u011fule, Nop\u0306a\u00e7eni, Nosveni, Nosine, Noprinzeni, On\u0292ark\u0306u, \u011eecek\u0306ule, \u00c7ubrididi, \u0292angiloni, \u00c7\u0306or\u00e7\u0306ona, Ti\u015fi\u0292\u0306ari, No\u00e7ambre, P\u0306la\u00e7\u0306i, Sifadixa, On\u00e7xure, Nokarmayeni, Binexona, M\u00e7\u0306onona, Xarat\u0306i, Bauruba, P\u0306int\u0306oavla, P\u0306it\u0306acari, Patarat\u0306i, Omcore, \u00c7ere\u00e7xana, Fadinalivadi, \u0292\u0306ask\u0306uri, \u0292\u0306ask\u0306urinaona, Mtutona, K\u0306ona\u011fiavla, Mbulona, Xamzo\u011fliavla, \u0292\u0306ik\u0306urina, Nuk\u0306umxona, Flamuriona, Kva\u0292i\u0292ilona, \u00c7\u0306ar\u011funi, Xamiona, K\u0306in\u00e7iona, Opan\u0292u, K\u0306orzati, Ferxat\u0306i, Pirigiavla, Be\u015fk\u0306eti, T\u0306uzxana, Merada\u011fi, Puksona, Nezigama\u00e7\u0306veri, Txiriot\u0306axu, \u0292iprona, Melenizeni, Molenizeni, Zilamacurci, Oxvame, Namazakva, Be\u00e7arona, Aba\u015fona, K\u0306asimo\u011flona\u201d
\n*No\u011feceni (Manganez),
\n*Yanivati (Bay\u0131rc\u0131k); \u201cDobira, Tudeniavla, Ciniavla, Doxvamu, Tamlona, Tudenzeni, Txirona, M\u015falina, Omrona, Rak\u0306animele, Skinda, \u00c7\u0306ar\u011funi, \u00c7\u0306ubrona, Cinona\u201d
\n*Omcore (G\u00fcney); \u201cAmatipxeavla (Tepe Mahallesi), Axmet\u0306epeavla, K\u0306arbapeavla (D\u00fcz Mahalle), K\u0306ork\u0306ot\u0306epeavla, M\u015fkerona (Kumarl\u0131k Mahallesi), \u015eabanepeavla, \u00c7ukurepeavla, Xaciavla, Asutixa, Ba\u0292\u0306aona, Bulik\u0306omati, Donik\u0306eti, \u0130sina, Memi\u015fixasanona, T\u0306op\u0306ona\u201d
\n*Oce (Yeniyol),
\n*P\u0306alivati (Sinan); \u201cBibi\u0292\u0306aavla, K\u0306adio\u011fliavla, Nizamiavla, Selimiavla, Ka\u011fanaavla, Cileniavla, Abjap\u0306ici, Alik\u0306izeni, Amedo\u011flona, Bocena, K\u0306orzati, \u0292\u0306aritoli\u201d
\n* Salon\u00e7e (Arma\u011fan),
\n* Sifati (Pirin\u00e7lik); \u201cZurxa, K\u0306oda, Mamala, Xa\u015fimiavla\u201d
\n* Pilergevati (Akkaya); \u201cK\u0306ak\u0306aliavla, K\u0306arak\u0306ur\u00e7iavla, K\u0306arap\u0306et\u0306iavla, Merzeavla, Mollak\u0306asimavla, Mcveriavla, Yusufo\u011fliavla, P\u0306arip\u0306aavla, \u015eemlaavla, Xasaavla, Zayna, Timk\u0306ule, K\u0306avezeni, Liva\u0292\u0306ari, Meleniavla, No\u011feceni, Nombane, Oxvame, Sitori, Subax\u00e7e, T\u0306a\u011fanisirt\u0306i, \u0292\u0306alekteri, \u00c7\u0306uburdida\u011fi, Cinlivadi\u201d
\n* \u011eera (I\u015f\u0131kl\u0131); \u201cBa\u011fuk\u0306u\u00e7xe, Makvaliguri, Nop\u0306romule, T\u0306at\u0306uona, Roi\u0292ine, Ala\u011faavla, On\u017einapu, Gupi, Ba\u00e7\u0306i, Non\u00e7\u0306eroni, K\u0306ik\u0306iya, O\u0292angiloni, \u00c7\u0306ask\u0306uri, \u0292xenimeolapuri, Kvasendu\u011fi, Kvano\u011famisa, Gola, Zabaavla, Meyo\u00e7\u0306veri, Mcak\u00e7oni, Lok\u0306a, Kasavati, Noprinzeni, \u0292\u0306aro\u015fume, \u00c7e\u00e7xurona, \u0292\u0306arik\u0306ap\u0306ula, Axmeriavla, Seydo\u011fliavla, Gun\u017eeno\u011fa, Noca\u011feni, Deliavla, Mahaniavla, M\u0292\u0306iriavla, Xan\u0292\u0306aavla, Lik\u0306udiavla, Karmat\u0306eavla, Tumbi, Non\u0292\u0306orale, Nok\u0306ak\u0306it\u0306e, Kvamurgi, Let\u0306am\u00e7\u0306ita, Tolim\u00e7xona, Nour\u017eene, Yapazona, Saat\u00e7\u0306inda\u011fi, Kvamangana, Kvamek\u0306ap\u0306inoni, \u0292\u0306aritoli, \u0292\u0306ariba\u00e7xuri, Xacamet\u0306iavla, Yak\u0306ubiavla, K\u0306u\u00e7\u0306u\u011faliavla, Tantuavla, Axmeriavla, Seydo\u011fliavla, K\u0306afk\u0306amaliavla, Pirpilo\u011fliavla, Omero\u011fliavla, \u00c7ele\u015fo\u011fliavla, Yanu\u011fiavla, K\u0306araxasaniavla, Memi\u015fo\u011fliavla, Mollamurtazao\u011fliavla, K\u0306ona\u011fiavla, K\u0306alyonciavla, Memi\u015finaavla, \u00c7ebiavla, K\u0306asimo\u011fliavla, Batumo\u011fliavla, Koto\u011fliavla, K\u0306aro\u011fliavla, Xat\u0306o\u011fliavla\u201d
\n* \u015eanguli (Do\u011fanay); \u201cAndo\u011fliavla, Ali\u0292\u0306ona, Buna, Zanuruba, \u0130slamiavla, Memi\u015fo\u011fliavla, M\u0292xulixombula, Nomandreni, \u00c7ibaro\u011fliavla, Cameavla, Bo\u015fna\u011fi\u0292\u0306ari, Bulicet\u0306axeri, Bunamandre, Gamantxoreri, Gamarak\u0306ana, Zenginiruba, Zurgi, Tentarak\u0306ani, Tudezeni, \u0130ni\u0292\u0306ari, \u0130sina, Nizali, Nok\u0306araveni, Nopat\u0306eni, Yobiona, Omcore, Sk\u0306uroxombula, Uria\u00e7e, Karmat\u0306egolagza, Kvat\u0306axeri, \u011erunk\u0306\u015firuba, \u00c7\u0306ar\u011funi, \u00c7elti, \u00c7ilisa, Cinrak\u0306ani\u201d
\n* \u017d\u011femi; \u201c\u0292\u0306aleni\u017e\u011femi, Cileni\u017e\u011femi\u201d
\n*\u0292\u0306aleni\u017e\u011femi (A\u015fa\u011f\u0131durak); \u201cMu\u015fk\u0306ala, \u00c7\u0306axi (Kirazl\u0131), \u00c7\u0306irixinci, Cixali (D\u00fcz Mahalle), Binciliavla, Davitiavla, K\u0306ulaberiavla, Nizamiavla, Ya\u011ficiavla, Ofliavla, Sarabiavla, Xut\u0306t\u0306iavla, Brak\u0306aavla, Langonepeavla, Unciavla, \u00c7ungu\u015fiavla, \u00c7au\u015fo\u011flepe, Civaavla, Bali\u0292\u0306aavla, Demirt\u0306a\u015fiavla, Mamut\u0306iavla, Mevludiavla, Cileniavla, Abjap\u0306ici, Ap\u0306t\u0306ezeni, Baino\u011flizeni, Derengola, Dobira, Zizeni, Tabilime\u015fe, Tabiliruba, Topalicelagza, Tudenlivadi, Tudeno\u015fvaju, Txombona, \u0130silu\u011fi, \u0130sina, K\u0306aralivadi, Lem\u015fona, Let\u0306antxoru, Lorigun\u017ee, Melelivadi, Melenk\u0306ale, Ngola, Nezmononi, Noberge, Ont\u0306olopu, On\u015fxure, Oran\u0292\u0306inoni, T\u0306ap\u0306rik\u0306e, T\u0306ur\u00e7imeogza, Kvamsk\u0306ubu, Kvam\u0292\u0306uli, \u0292\u0306alengola, \u0292\u0306arik\u0306op\u0306a, \u0292\u0306arimangana, \u0292\u0306arinteli, \u0292\u0306arini, \u0292\u0306ariya, \u0292\u0306arik\u015fe, \u00c7\u0306an\u00e7\u0306axona, \u00c7\u0306urbona, Celazena, Cilenigola, Cinio\u015fvaju, Corcona\u201d
\n* Cileni\u017e\u011femi (Yukar\u0131durak); \u201cBa\u00e7ivati, Dobira, Zimati, Tudezeni, K\u0306itizeni, Nok\u0306apte, Omcore, P\u0306ula\u00e7\u0306i, T\u0306obari, Kvadidi, Kvazeni, Kva\u015fuba, \u00c7\u0306or\u00e7\u0306ona\u201d
\n* \u00c7\u0306umaida (Eskiarmutluk); \u201cGoktoni, Sidere, \u015ea\u015fk\u0306eni\u201d
\n* Xocibati (Akdere)
\nVija (\u00c7aml\u0131hem\u015fin):
\n* Abi\u00e7xo (K\u00f6pr\u00fcba\u015f\u0131),
\n*Mek\u0306aleskiriti (Dikkaya); \u201cBeica, Golazeni, Zibari, K\u0306inya, Meleni\u00e7oi, Naxra, Cileni\u00e7oi, Setariavla, Seferimezre, T\u0306ask\u0306uri, \u0292anamezre, Xincip\u0306ici, Ce\u00e7elumu, Anamorderi, A\u011fanilevadi, Bu\u011fuzeni, Binezona, Gamak\u0306udela, Gamarak\u0306ana, Damlivati, Zenimosi, Tudelevadi, Txombugamagza, \u0130sina, K\u0306odak\u0306ap\u0306ula, Meleavla, Olast\u0306reji, Olimxone, Omcore, O\u015fvaju, Selimilevadi, T\u0306ask\u0306uzeni, Ka\u00e7idixa, Kvadidi, \u00c7\u0306emunalevadi, Xali\u00e7ona, Xanda\u011fi, Xunduzilevadi, Cinilevadi\u201d
\n*M\u0292\u0306anu (Topluca); \u201cBadgina, K\u0306olenizeni, K\u0306ot\u0306unadixa, Namandreni, Partina, \u011eerevati, \u00c7erana, Cinopa, Bet\u0306evat\u0306a, Botronca, Eozena, K\u0306amp\u0306arona, K\u0306urik\u0306ast\u0306a, Maselevati, Kvak\u0306ari, Celevat\u0306a, Tudelevadi, Meloxori, Nezepona, Nosik\u0306ale, Omcore, \u00c7otovati, \u0292\u0306ada, \u00c7\u0306or\u00e7\u0306ovadixa, Nok\u0306irk\u0306eni, Cexunoni, Saridixa, Masarona, Didiruba, Zist\u0306o, Oro\u00e7\u0306e, K\u0306ok\u0306luxi, K\u0306omat\u0306i, P\u0306in\u00e7\u0306u, \u00c7etek\u0306alivi, Dortini, Sayakt\u0306uri, Nozona, Lelvani, Met\u0306avli, Golazeni, Ta\u0292\u0306ik\u0306eri, Limbo\u0292ona, Txirona, Noba\u011fule, Didacelaperi, \u0292\u0306ari\u011fuli, Zibor\u00e7i, Xulinta, Noxvemi, Karmat\u0306eruba, Cinice\u0292\u0306omilu, Tudenice\u0292\u0306omilu, Demiri\u0292\u0306ari, Buc\u011fi\u0292\u0306ari, K\u0306urk\u0306ula\u0292\u0306ari, Kunuoru\u011fi, Tudenixavi\u0292\u0306i, T\u0306alazeni, T\u0306asi\u0292\u0306ari, Kvat\u0306axeri, M\u0292xulizeni, K\u0306irsula, \u00c7\u0306a\u00e7\u0306axona, \u00c7opunime\u015fe, \u0130st\u0306erona\u201d
\n* Komilo (Muratk\u00f6y); \u201cTolik\u00e7eti, Lazivati, On\u00e7xure, P\u0306ip\u0306eriti, Cinopa, Babada\u011fi, Zurgi, \u0130sirlu\u011fi, Lat\u0306ombru, O\u00e7\u0306inaxe, Kvamurgi\u201d
\n* \u011evandi (\u00c7ay\u0131rd\u00fcz\u00fc); \u201cTudeni\u00e7oi, K\u0306arap\u0306inaona, K\u0306a\u00e7\u0306enevati, K\u0306ok\u0306ovati, Ya\u011ficiavla, Oxorice\u00e7\u0306veri, Sk\u0306urdi, \u011eorisk\u0306urdi, \u00c7\u0306ilaxi, \u00c7oyepemelenk\u0306ale, \u00c7urdiona, \u0292xemrona, Akra, Didiruba, Dolot\u0306axu, Evrezeni, Hiprona, \u0130sina, Kvayti, Mxu\u015fk\u0306ala, Mxvena, Omot\u0306e, P\u0306et\u0306revati, P\u0306izmalivadi, Tudenilivadi, Xasaona, Xut\u0306i\u015fi\u201d
\n* Furt\u0306una\u015fi jileni oput\u0306epe; \u201cT\u0306ezina, Mak\u0306revisi, Kiu\u015fiva, \u00c7in\u00e7iva, Mollavesi, K\u0306olona, Meidani, K\u0306obuca, \u00c7at\u0306i, Eleviti, Varo\u015fi, K\u0306aleibala, Ver\u015fenbegi, Xala, Mik\u0306ronk\u0306ava\u011fi, Livik\u0306\u00e7\u0306ak\u0306isli, Kesmanmenevari, Golaboga, Canutdobira, Canuti, Xolco, \u0130lica, K\u0306avrani, Balak\u00e7ori, Akrak\u0306, \u0130nt\u0306k\u0306ari, Ongole, Sano, Cixve\u201d
\n* K\u0306a\u00e7k\u0306ari\u015fi oncvinalepe; \u201cAbu\u0292ori, Dastavi, Didigola, Didizu\u011fa, Turilevcari, K\u0306omati, Mo\u011fonarak\u0306ani, Nozona, Ombole, Sataple, Sevri, Sandu\u011fi, T\u0306a\u0292ik\u0306eri, Karmat\u0306edololast\u0306reri, Kvabur\u00e7\u0306uli, \u00c7au\u015fi\u0292\u0306ari, \u0292irpona, \u0292\u0306aleningola, \u0292\u0306alenice\u00e7elumu, \u0292\u0306ariba\u00e7xuri, \u0292\u0306arik\u0306an\u00e7eni, \u0292\u0306ari\u011fuli, Xamip\u0306iji, Cileningola, Cilenice\u00e7elumu\u201d<\/p>\n
\n* Devri\u015fi (Gazi Mahallesi),
\n* Duduvati (G\u00fczelyal\u0131 Mahallesi),
\n* Tudenibulepi (Kirazl\u0131k Mahallesi),
\n* K\u0306uk\u0306ulati do Larozi (\u0130kiztepe Mahallesi),
\n* No\u011fa (Merkez Mahallesi),
\n* No\u011fadixa (Cumhuriyet Mahallesi),
\n* Kvak\u00e7e (Beyazta\u015f Mahallesi),
\n* \u015eileriti (So\u011fuksu Mahallesi),
\n* Cinibulepi (Zafer Mahallesi); \u201cEyubiavla, Terziavla, Tonialiavla, \u0130m\u015firiavla, Maminaavla, Samseavla, \u00c7\u0306at\u0306uriavla, Cameavla, Cancaavla, Bergaliavla, Monoroba, Ok\u0306in\u00e7ive, Karmat\u0306e\u011fali, \u00c7ai, \u00c7urdaliavla, \u0292\u0306inoroba, Fevzulaona\u201d
\n* Avramiti (G\u00fcney); \u201cEyusirt\u0306i, K\u0306amberik\u0306oda, Mevlendixa, Nap\u0306e, T\u0306oxt\u0306eavla, Tairik\u0306oda, \u0292\u0306iginiavla, \u00c7\u0306e\u011fazeni, Mula\u00e7\u0306iladi, T\u0306axeri, \u00c7arbazeni, Xa\u00e7\u0306isirt\u0306i\u201d
\n*Arana\u015fi (Dar\u0131l\u0131); \u201cArak\u0306ani, Bailivadi, Baxadariavla, Goragaderi, Emtume, Men\u00e7oona, Nebi\u011fali, Nezore, Oruba, \u00c7inari, O\u015fk\u0306urizeni, Oxorilivadi, P\u0306a\u0292\u0306eostulina, Salamsona, Saramet\u0306i, \u00c7eremitxana, \u00c7eremitxa\u015fda\u011fi, \u0292\u0306ap\u0306ala\u011fali, \u0292\u0306ariti, Xan\u017ei\u011fali, Xist\u0306ona, Xocaalilivadi, Xoco\u011fliavla\u201d
\n* Apso (Su\u00e7at\u0131),
\n*A\u00e7aba (Bucak),
\n*Ba\u015fkoyi (Ba\u015fk\u00f6y),
\n*Bogina (Tekta\u015f\/\u015eendere),
\n*Dat\u0306ivati (Handa\u011f\u0131); \u201cBilaliavla, Devri\u015fo\u011fliavla, K\u0306u\u015famediavla, Lalaxi, Melayva, P\u0306ap\u0306u\u00e7\u0306iavla, \u015earabo\u011fliavla, Xuk\u0306aniavla, K\u0306axuruba, Zurgi, Xandak\u0306a, \u0292\u0306aristi, Oxvame, \u00c7ele\u0292\u0306ipri, Nasivati, Cegza, Nolivade, Tudezeni, Ma\u00e7xa, Ba\u00e7\u0306i, Ne\u017eina\u0292\u0306ari, Libalinaona, \u0292\u0306iprizeni, Tibu\u00e7\u0306ik\u0306omat\u0306i, Dolozena, Nomsfeni, Pavricet\u0306omaloni, Omcore, M\u00e7\u0306onona, Bemuona, Baynaziona, \u0292\u0306aritoli, Curdulizeni, \u00c7iliserak\u0306ani, K\u0306iblerak\u0306ani, Rubarak\u0306ani, Om\u00e7\u0306apule, T\u0306amin\u00e7\u0306o, K\u0306ayineti, Dove, Kvau\u00e7a, \u0292\u0306arik\u0306udeli, M\u0292\u0306oruba, Nopat\u0306eni, Sarap\u0306eni, \u011eviniruba\u201d
\n* K\u0306u\u0292\u0306uma (Hamidiye),
\n*Vene\u011fi (\u00d6rnek),
\n*Zanati (Derinsu),
\n*Zele\u011fi (Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131),
\n*Tordovati (Sivrikale); \u201cEyubisirt\u0306i, Mollak\u0306asimgolayona, Urmelepe, Pangupe, \u011eazigolayona, \u00c7u\u00e7uk\u0306epe, Bilon\u0292ona, Bur\u011funa, Gama\u00e7\u0306veri, Tamiati, No\u011fap\u0306et\u0306i, No\u011faceni, Nuk\u0306ugun\u017ee, Or\u00e7\u0306epe, P\u0306alaavla, \u00c7angati, \u0292ipuba, \u0292xot\u0306una, \u00c7\u0306oruna, Xerk\u0306i\u0292\u0306ale, Xuseavla\u201d
\n* \u0130last\u0306asi (Yemi\u015fli); \u201cKvacen\u00e7\u0306areri\u201d,
\n* K\u0306it\u0306ati (Aktepe); \u201cAla\u011fape, K\u0306ust\u0306ape, Yangunepe, Ba\u00e7\u0306i, Man\u00e7xot\u0306i, Mu\u0292\u0306anak\u0306oru, \u0292\u0306arini, \u0292\u0306ip\u0306ula, \u00c7\u0306et\u0306ava, Xa\u00e7\u0306i\u201d
\n* K\u0306osk\u0306ovati (Hisarl\u0131); \u201cAlik\u0306o\u011fli, Bini\u0292\u0306a, Ek\u0306va, E\u00e7ek\u0306a, Xalit\u0306epe, A\u011fak\u0306oru, Elena, Zelena, Lu\u011figolayona, Morderona, Ombruna, P\u0306iast\u0306oni\u201d
\n* K\u0306ost\u0306anivati (Dernek),
\n* K\u0306uzik\u0306a (Elmal\u0131k),
\n* Lam\u011fo (Yk\u0306cehisar); \u201cBayaminape, Tisuzepe, K\u0306alyoncepe, Mutinape, Xaco\u011flepe, C\u011fanivati, Eksaru\u011fe, Livadik\u0306udeli, Onalivadi, Jilenilivadi\u201d
\n* Mamak\u0306ivati (Irmak); \u201cBompona (Kaynakl\u0131), Demirco\u011fliavla, K\u0306abo\u011fliavla, Pa\u00e7ilati (Ardakl\u0131), \u00c7\u0306eriavla (Adakl\u0131), Cerecivati, Ak\u0306rana, Gamarak\u0306ana, Dolozena, E\u015fedurak\u0306ani, Zenididi, Txombona, K\u0306op\u0306aliceninteri, Makvalona, Melenk\u0306alena, Mosik\u0306alena, Nozak\u0306ik\u0306e, Nomsveni, Nop\u0306at\u0306eni, No\u00e7\u0306alimle, Osmanalizeni, Rak\u0306animele, Rubap\u0306ici, Sarap\u0306eni, Sefero\u011fliona, T\u0306uk\u0306uona, Kvau\u00e7a, Kvak\u00e7e, \u00c7erana, \u0292\u0306arip\u0306ici, \u0292\u0306ari\u015fume, Xociva, Cedai, Cundurizeni, Argunicet\u0306axeri, Melenk\u0306ale, Osp\u0306iride, Xaydariona, Cen\u00e7\u0306vena, Nozak\u0306ik\u0306e\u011fali, No\u00e7\u0306alimle\u011fali, Pin\u00e7orona\u011fali\u201d
\n* Meleskuri (Ortayol),
\n\u2022 Melyati (Merdivenli); \u201cBalabani, Adabuca\u011fi, Ardine, Arnusati, A\u015fi\u011finaona, Timerduxa, K\u0306ark\u0306aloni, Memi\u015finda\u011fi, Not\u0306ik\u0306ane, Orubak\u0306ale, Or\u0292ona, Orubamele, O\u015fk\u0306enalizeni, Karmat\u0306e\u011fali, \u00c7\u0306ubruna, Xocazeni, Cenneti\u0292\u0306ari, Cuneli\u201d
\n* Mermanati (Akbucak),
\n* Mesemiti (Topluca),
\n* Noxlamsu (Yavuz\/ Hask\u00f6y),
\n*P\u0306ap\u0306ati (Papatya),
\n* P\u0306ap\u0306ilati (Sessizdere); \u201cBat\u0306mazi, Bilali, K\u0306arxane, Nasivati, Nasufiavla, Nebio\u011fliavla, P\u0306ap\u0306ucepe\u015fiavla, Pialeavla, \u011eut\u0306eavla, \u00c7ukuriavla, \u00c7\u0306o\u00e7\u0306onaavla, Alipa\u015fanalivadi, Astarak\u0306ani, A\u011femina, Demirinazeni, Emineona, Zurgi, Tatimbara, Tudenilivadi, \u0130ni\u0292\u0306ari, K\u0306aravati, K\u0306omat\u0306ina, K\u0306urt\u0306ivuri, Mak\u0306izeni, Murado\u011flizeni, Seferiona, P\u0306ap\u0306unaona, Sakvariti, Salamsona, T\u0306obalamgvani, T\u0306op\u0306izeni, T\u0306uxaliona, Piruzizeni, Karmat\u0306elivadi, Karmat\u0306e\u011fali, \u011eu\u015furuba, \u00c7xak\u0306ana, \u0292arak\u0306ani, \u00c7\u0306orona, \u00c7\u0306ubunak\u0306aya, \u00c7\u0306ubritude, Camelivadi, Ce\u015fk\u0306vaperi, Himuk\u0306ale, Fafunaona, Bada\u0292\u0306ari\u201d
\n* Sap\u0306u (Ocak); \u201cBalaxiavla, K\u0306ayt\u0306azinaavla, Muft\u0306o\u011fliavla, Bala\u011faba\u00e7\u0306i, Mcvabulona, Nobacene, Omcore, \u00c7ilise, Xamamina\u201d
\n* Sitori (Kaya\u011fanta\u015f),
\n* Sk\u0306efenivati (Sivritepe),
\n* Suleti (Da\u011fdibi),
\n*Surminati (Kuzeyce); \u201cEmba, K\u0306amp\u0306arona, Le\u00e7ere, Mtution\u017eere\u201d
\n* T\u0306alvati (T\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcler); \u201cAnapuri, \u00c7\u0306ebam\u00e7xuna, \u00c7\u0306iladi, Dixak\u0306vata, Dologza, Elagza, \u0130st\u0306uruna, Kat\u0306ori, K\u0306and\u011funa, K\u0306ikidi, K\u0306ok\u0306atri\u011fa, K\u0306usp\u0306i, Kofeti, Kvamokti, Kvamule, Lomandene, M\u00e7\u0306imadixa, M\u00e7\u0306oni, Mecguruba, Mguleti, Molan\u00e7\u0306o, Mzumexuna, Nezixangari, Nopat\u0306ene, Ok\u0306ont\u0306aluri, Omcore, On\u00e7\u0306xure, O\u015fo\u015foroba, Pat\u0306i\u00e7\u0306iladi, P\u0306ozoni, Semt\u0306eti, Skenderi, Skinduna, T\u0306abalamgvani, Xanati, Yi\u00e7\u0306o\u00e7i\u201d
\n* \u011eulivati (\u015eentepe),
\n* \u00c7ingiti (U\u011frak),
\n* \u0292\u0306uk\u0306it\u0306a (Dereba\u015f\u0131),
\n* Xak\u0306u (\u015eehitlik); \u201cDaylaneavla, Donin\u00e7\u0306eriavla, K\u0306araliavla, Samseavla, Cameavla, Ada\u0292\u0306ari, Dologza, K\u0306arak\u0306a\u015fiona, K\u0306ara\u0292\u0306aona, Let\u0306am\u00e7\u0306ita, Mon\u00e7\u0306aliavla, Xak\u0306uruba\u201d
\n* Xan\u00e7\u0306k\u0306uni (Al\u00e7\u0131l\u0131),
\n* Xa\u00e7\u0306ap\u0306iti (Suba\u015f\u0131),
\n*Xotri (Kocak\u00f6pr\u00fc),
\n* Xudisa (Kesikk\u00f6pr\u00fc); \u201cDemirco\u011fliavla, Manceavla, Poyraziavla, \u015eiro\u011fliavla, \u0292vit\u0306i, Arak\u0306ani, Noba\u011fule, Omjore, P\u0306la\u00e7\u0306i, Katra\u011fa, \u0292\u0306ariavla, Xuxaste\u201d
\n*Xunari (Akta\u015f),
\n* Cabati (Sulak); \u201cBuna, Li\u011fat\u0306a, No\u011faceni, Opsidi, P\u0306rinzuna, Kvan\u0292xeni, \u00c7urdiduzleme, Celagza\u201d
\n* Cacivati (Akmes\u00e7it); \u201cXo\u015fne\u015finavla, Tik\u0306amunduli, On\u00e7xura, \u0292\u0306aricexuneri, Xincati, Omsumale\u011fali\u201d
\n*Cigeture (Bo\u011fazl\u0131)<\/p>\n