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Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong><\/p>\n (\u00d6n a\u00e7\u0131klama<\/strong>: Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc misafirim G\u00fcrcistan vatanda\u015f\u0131 \u0130oseb \u015eengelia. G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n ayd\u0131n, tarih\u00e7i ve gazetecilerinden, \u201cAKA TV\u201dnin emektar\u0131. Megrelce ve Lazca r\u00f6portajlar yap\u0131yor. \u0130oseb \u015eengelia, Megrel etnografyas\u0131 \u00fczerine de \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p insanlardan dile ve k\u00fclt\u00fcre ili\u015fkin materyaller topluyor. Ben \u00f6yle biliyorum.\u00a0 Lazcaya da ilgi ve hevesi var. Kaz\u0131m Koyuncu\u2019nun Lazca ve Megrelce \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da seviyor. Birka\u00e7 ay \u00f6nce, 25 Haziran\u2019da, anma i\u00e7in, Kaz\u0131m Koyuncu\u2019nun \u00f6l\u00fcm g\u00fcn\u00fcnde Hopa-Ye\u015filk\u00f6y\u2019deydi; orada Lazca bir program haz\u0131rlad\u0131. Ben de \u0130oseb \u015eengelia ile bir r\u00f6portaj yapt\u0131m; biyografi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan konu\u015ftuk. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel konulardan bahsettik. Bu metin, s\u00f6yle\u015fimize ait. Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz)<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong>: \u00d6nce biyografinizden konu\u015fal\u0131m, olur mu? Nerelisiniz? Nerede do\u011fdunuz? Hangi okullarda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fcz? Mesle\u011finiz nedir? \u015eu anda ne i\u015f yap\u0131yorsunuz? Evli misiniz? \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131z var m\u0131? Hangi dilleri biliyorsunuz? G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde\u00a0 nerede ya\u015f\u0131yorsunuz?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: Ben \u0130oseb \u015eengelia. Zugdidi kentinin Cikha\u015fkari k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011fdum. Okulu 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda, k\u00f6y\u00fcm Cikha\u015fkari\u2019de bitirdim. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l \u00fcniversiteye girip G\u00fcrcistan tarihi\u00a0 sahas\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. \u00dcniversiteden tarih\u00e7i olarak mezun oldum; tarih\u00e7iyim. \u00c7o\u011funlukla Lazeti- Samegrelo tarihi ve etnografyas\u0131 sahas\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma saham bu. Tarih\u00e7iyim ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etnografya alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum. Farkl\u0131 k\u00f6ylere gidip ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zdan, eski geleneklere ili\u015fkin bilgiler ile masallar, \u015fiirler ve di\u011fer mitolojik anlat\u0131mlar\u0131 derliyorum. Eski ve art\u0131k yok olmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015f yerel asma \u00e7e\u015fitleri, meyve ve dar\u0131lar ile bunlara ili\u015fkin bilgileri derlemekle ilgileniyorum. H\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda evli de\u011filim. Akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u00e7in \u00e7o\u011funlukla ba\u015fkent Tiflis\u2019teyim.\u00a0 Ancak s\u0131k s\u0131k Samegrelo\u2019ya gidiyorum. Yaz gelince, tatil zaman\u0131 olunca, m\u00fctemadiyen Samegrelo\u2019day\u0131m. Megrelce, G\u00fcrc\u00fcce, \u0130ngilizce ve biraz da Rus\u00e7a biliyorum.<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong>: Birka\u00e7 ay \u00f6nce, 25 Haziran\u2019da, Kaz\u0131m Koyuncu\u2019yu anmak i\u00e7in siz de Hopa- Ye\u015filk\u00f6y\u2019deydiniz.\u00a0 Kaz\u0131m Koyuncu\u2019ya ili\u015fkin neler s\u00f6yleyebilirsiniz?\u00a0 Kaz\u0131m Koyuncu, T\u00fcrkiye ve Kafkasya\u2019da neden \u00f6nemli? Ni\u00e7in? Siz ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: Kaz\u0131m Koyuncu, halk\u0131n aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir \u015fahsiyetti. Lazlar\u0131n kimli\u011fini uyand\u0131rma konusunda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli i\u015fler yapan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir Kolkh idi. Lazeti ve Samegrelo var oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece, Kaz\u0131m\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr. Biz, Samegrelo\u2019da Kaz\u0131m\u2019\u0131 ve onun k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok takdir ediyoruz. Yaln\u0131zca Samegrelo\u2019da de\u011fil, bir k\u00f6\u015fesinden di\u011ferine b\u00fct\u00fcn G\u00fcrcistan, onu \u00e7ok iyi tan\u0131yor ve sayg\u0131yla an\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong>: Cikha\u015fkari\u2019densiniz, Cikha\u015fkari sizin k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcz. \u201cKale\u201dye, biz de \u201ccixa\/ cikha\u201d diyoruz, Lazca\u2019da da ayn\u0131; \u201ccikha\u201d. K\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn ad\u0131 \u201ccikha\u201ddan geliyor, \u00f6yle mi?\u00a0 K\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fczde bir cikha\/ kale var, \u00e7ok eski bir kale. Biraz da bu kaleden bahsedin, l\u00fctfen! Bu kale hangi y\u00fczy\u0131ldan kalma? Bu kale, denizden ne kadar y\u00fckseklikte?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: Evet, k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn ad\u0131n\u0131n etimoloji\u015fi \u201ccikha\u201ddan geliyor. Do\u011fru s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsunuz; Megrelce\u2019de de, Lazca\u2019da da \u201ckale\u201d i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 kelime kullan\u0131l\u0131yor; \u201ccikha\u201d. K\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde tarih\u00ee bir kale yer al\u0131yor; ad\u0131 \u201c\u00c7akvinci kalesi\u201d. \u00a01930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda \u00c7akvinci k\u00f6y\u00fc ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f. Bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne \u201cCikha\u015fkari\u201d, di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ise tarih\u00ee ad\u0131 verilmi\u015f;\u00a0 \u201c\u00c7akvinci\u201d. Bu kalenin ad\u0131n\u0131n etimoloji \u201c\u00c7ani\u201d ile ili\u015fkili\u201d. Bilim insanlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla b\u00f6yle s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Lazlar ve Megrellerin eski ortak \u201c\u00c7ani\u201d idi. Svanlar; Lazlara ve Megrellere g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile \u201cM\u0131zani\u201d diyorlar. K\u00f6yde \u201c\u00c7anistzkali\u201d adl\u0131 bir de dere var.<\/p>\n 1905 y\u0131l\u0131nda, k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131ndan derlenmi\u015f ve kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bilgiler de bize g\u00f6steriyor ki, eski zamanlarda burada Lazlar ya\u015f\u0131yormu\u015f. Buradaki en eski kale 2800 y\u0131l \u00f6nce in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Feodal y\u00f6netim \u015feklinin hakim oldu\u011fu zamanlarda, Odi\u015fi, b\u00f6lgenin\u00a0 merkeziymi\u015f. Bu kale de Samegrelo\u2019nun en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc merkeziymi\u015f, hem de Samegrelo\u2019nun\u00a0 hazinesinin merkeziymi\u015f. Kalenin geni\u015fli\u011fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 5 hektar kadarm\u0131\u015f.\u00a0 Ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u00fczy\u0131llar s\u00fcresince, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar bir de\u011fil, \u00e7ok kere bu kaleyi y\u0131km\u0131\u015flar. Ancak buradaki b\u00fcy\u00fcklerimiz kaleyi durmadan yeniden in\u015fa etmi\u015fler.<\/p>\n Kalenin hapishanesi 1857 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yormu\u015f. H\u00fck\u00fcmet, bu y\u0131l hapishaneyi resm\u00ee bir kararla kapatt\u0131. Biz de bilmiyorduk, megerse babam\u0131n dedesinin dedesi, Bitulia \u015eengelia, bu hapishanenin memurlar\u0131ndan biriymi\u015f; k\u00e2tipmi\u015f. \u00a0Bu durum, hapishane kapat\u0131l\u0131nca, hapishanenin resm\u00ee kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong>: K\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fczde bir de kilise var. \u00d6yle biliyorum. Bize, bu kiliseden de bahsedin. Hangi y\u00fczy\u0131ldan kalma bu kilise? Denizden ne kadar y\u00fckseklikte kiliseniz?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: Kalenin i\u00e7inde de bir kilise ve birka\u00e7 binan\u0131n da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k halde kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Cikha\u015fkari\u2019de hizmet veren bir kilise mevcut. Kilisemizi, Mkheidze soyadl\u0131 bu k\u00f6y insanlar\u0131 in\u015fa etmi\u015f. Bu, 20 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesindeydi. Mkheidze eski prenslerden. Onlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 Lazeti\u2019de de ya\u015f\u0131yor. Hizmet veren kiliseden ba\u015fka 7 kilise daha mevcut k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde. Gel g\u00f6r ki farkl\u0131 zamanlarda \u015fu veya bu sebeplerden y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong>: K\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn halk\u0131 ge\u00e7imini \u00e7o\u011funlukla nas\u0131l temin ediyor? Ne bi\u00e7iyorlar? Ne ekiyorlar? K\u00f6yde hangi i\u015fleri yap\u0131yorlar? L\u00fctfen, bize k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn ekonomik- sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel durumundan da bahsedin! Cikha\u015fkari k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn, k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn, n\u00fcfusu ne kadar? K\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn insanlar\u0131, ne yiyorlar, ne i\u00e7iyorlar? \u00dcz\u00fcm ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131z var m\u0131?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: K\u00f6yde insanlar i\u00e7in yeterli i\u015f yok. O sebeple de k\u00f6y\u00fcn n\u00fcfusu g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne azal\u0131yor. K\u00f6y halk\u0131 para kazanmak ve ailelerine destek olmak amac\u0131yla kente, ba\u015fkente veya ba\u015fka \u00fclkelere gidiyor.<\/p>\n Cikha\u015fkari k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri; m\u0131s\u0131r, fasulya, nuhut ekip bi\u00e7iyorlar. F\u0131nd\u0131k ve yaban mersini da var. Asma ba\u011flar\u0131 var. \u00c7ok eski zamanlarda, Cikha\u015fkari, ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k alan\u0131nda Samegrelo\u2019nun \u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f k\u00f6ylerinden biriymi\u015f.\u00a0 G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde az da olsa yine de \u00fcz\u00fcm ba\u011flar\u0131m\u0131z var. \u00dcz\u00fcmden \u015farap yap\u0131yorlar. \u00dcz\u00fcmden ve di\u011fer meyvelerden vodka da yap\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n Cikha\u015fkari, deniz seviyesinden 200 metre kadar y\u00fckseklikte. K\u00f6y\u00fcn arazisi bir u\u00e7tan di\u011ferine 2020 hektar. 700 kadar da aile ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n +<\/p>\n (\u00d6nerilen Okumalar<\/strong>: Ahmet Tevfik (B\u00fcy\u00fck Hasan R\u0131za Pa\u015fa Z\u00e2de), (Yay\u0131na Haz\u0131rlayan: \u0130rfan \u00c7a\u011fatay) \u201cSevgili Vatanda\u015flar\u0131m Lazlara Ric\u00e2-y\u0131 Mahs\u00fbsum ve T\u00e2rihten \u015e\u00e2nl\u0131 \u0130ki Sah\u00eefe\u201d, Lazi K\u00fclt\u00fcr Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1. Bask\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2014; B. G. Hewitt ve Z. K. Khiba, (\u00c7eviren: Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz), \u201cMegrelce Bir Masal: Kuzey R\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131 ve G\u00fcne\u015f\u201d, Kafkasya Yaz\u0131lar\u0131, Say\u0131 5, \u00c7iviyaz\u0131lar\u0131 Yay\u0131nevi, \u0130stanbul, 1998; Bakur Gogokhia: \u201cKimli\u011fin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ni\u015fanesi dildir!\u201d, 29 XI 2018, sonhaber.ch\/ gurcuhaber.com\/ circassiancenter.com.tr; \u201cCixa\u015fkari G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n Zugdidi kentinde Laz Kalesi\u2026\u201d , 6 XI 2022, lazca.org; Giga Kavtaradze: \u201cHayat yaln\u0131zca para ve yemek de\u011fil!\u201d, 16 I 2021, sonhaber.ch\/ gurcuhaber.com\/ circassiancenter.com.tr; \u201cG\u00fcrcistan\u2019da ilk Megrelce dergi \u201cSkani \u10e1\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 yay\u0131mland\u0131\u201d, 13 V 2020, lazca.org; \u201cHayvan \u00c7iftli\u011fi\u201d Megrelce olarak yay\u0131nland\u0131\u201d, 16 XI 2020, sonhaber.ch\/ circassiancenter.com.tr\/ gurcuhaber.com)<\/p>\n Devam edecek\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n +<\/strong><\/p>\n \u201c<\/strong>X\u00e7ini<\/strong> do<\/strong> badepe\u015fen<\/strong> \u00e7kini<\/strong> mcve\u015fi<\/strong> p<\/strong>\u0306<\/strong>aramitepe<\/strong>, <\/strong>\u015fiirepe<\/strong> do<\/strong> majura<\/strong> mitolojiuri<\/strong> ambaepe<\/strong> p<\/strong>\u0306<\/strong>k<\/strong>\u0306<\/strong>orobup<\/strong>!\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n No\u0292\u0306ile 1<\/p>\n <\/p>\n (Go<\/strong>\u0292\u0306<\/strong>otkvala<\/strong>: And\u011faneri musafiri \u00e7kimi ren \u0130oseb \u015eengelia, Gurcistani\u015fi no\u011fari. Gurcistani\u015fi matarixepe, gamantanerepe do jurnalist\u0306epe\u015fen. \u201cAK\u0306A T\u0306V\u201d -\u015fi emektari ren do Margaluri do Lazuri rop\u0306ort\u0306ajepe ikips. \u0130oseb \u015eengeliak Margaluri etnografya\u015fenti i\u00e7ali\u015feps do svalyari xalk\u0306i\u015fen nenaluri mat\u0306eryalepeti, k\u0306orobups, aya mi\u00e7kin. Lazuri nena\u015fati toli do xavesoba ku\u011fun. Kazim K\u0306oyuncu\u015fi Lazuri do Margaluri birapapeti k\u0306ai da\u0292\u0306onen. Ar-jur tuta\u015f \u0292\u0306oxle, an\u0292\u0306i, e\u00e7idoxut Mbuloras, Kazim K\u0306oyuncu\u015fi \u011furand\u011fas, oput\u0306e P\u0306an\u00e7\u0306olis t\u0306u \u0130oseb \u015eengelia, eya go\u015finu \u015feni. Ak Lazuri p\u0306rogrami doxaziru.\u00a0 Mati \u0130oseb \u015eengelia k\u0306ala int\u0306erviu dop\u0306i do biyografi do k\u0306ult\u0306uruli no\u00e7ali\u015fepe mu\u015fi\u015fen b\u011far\u011falit. K\u0306ult\u0306uruli temape\u015fen molap\u015finit. Aya ren int\u0306erviu \u00e7kini\u015fi t\u0306ekst\u0306i. Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi)<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi<\/strong>: \u0292\u0306oxle tkvani biyografi\u015fen b\u011far\u011falat, iqveni?! Sonuri ret? So ye\u00e7kindit? Namu n\u0292\u0306opulapes igurit? Mu mesle\u011fi gi\u011funan? And\u011faneri nd\u011fas mu dulya ikipt? \u00c7ileri reti? Berepe giqounani? Mu nenape gi\u00e7kinan? A\u0292\u0306i so skidut?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: Ma \u0130oseb \u015eengelia mcoxons. No\u011fa Zugdidi\u015fi oput\u0306e Cixa\u015fk\u0306aris dovibadi. (2012) jurvit\u0306o\u015fidovit\u0306ojur \u0292\u0306anas, n\u0292\u0306upola dovo\u00e7odini oput\u0306e Cixa\u015fk\u0306aris. Artneri \u0292\u0306anas, universit\u0306et\u0306is kamapti do kodoviguri Gurcistani\u015fi tarixi. Universit\u0306et\u0306i\u015fen matarixe kogamapti; matarixe vore. Didopeten Lazeti-Samargalo\u015fi tarixi do etnografiya\u015fi saxas vi\u00e7ali\u015fep. Aya ren no\u00e7ali\u015fe\u015fi saxa \u00e7kimi. Ma mesle\u011fiten matarixe vore, mara didopeten etnografya\u015fi saxas vi\u00e7ali\u015fep. Ma \u00e7kvado\u00e7kva oput\u0306epe\u015fa mevulur do x\u00e7ini do badepe\u015fen \u00e7kini mcve\u015fi adetepe\u015fi ambaepe do mcve\u015fi p\u0306aramitepe, \u015fiirepe do majura mitolojiuri ambaepe p\u0306k\u0306orobup. Mcve\u015fi do a\u00e7kva o\u011furu\u015fi gzas na ren semturi binexepe, xilape do \u00e7xvarepe do entepe\u015fi ambaepe\u015fi ok\u0306orobuti mon\u00e7\u0306els. And\u011faneri nd\u011fas \u00e7ileri va vore. Ak\u0306ademiuri no\u00e7ali\u015fepe komi\u011fun do emu\u015feniti didopeten nanano\u011fa Tiflisis vore, mara udodginu mani-mani\u015fa Samargalo\u015fa mevulur. Mon\u00e7\u0306inora moxta\u015fi, mo\u015fvacinoni ora iqva\u015fi, ma irote Samargalos vore. Margaluri, Kortuli, \u0130nglisuri do am\u0292ikati Rusuli komi\u00e7kin.<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi<\/strong>: Ar- jur tuta\u015fi \u0292\u0306oxle, an\u0292\u0306i, (25) e\u00e7idoxut Mbuloras, tkvanti Xopa\u015fi oput\u0306e P\u0306an\u00e7\u0306olis t\u0306it Kazimi \u015feni, eya go\u015finu \u015feni.\u00a0 Kazim K\u0306oyuncu \u015feni muepe gatkvenan?\u00a0 Kazim K\u0306oyuncu mu\u015feni beciti ren Turkiyes do K\u0306afk\u0306asyas? Mu\u015feni?! Tkvan mu izmont?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: Kazim K\u0306oyuncu xalk\u0306i\u015fi doloxe dido beciti figuri rt\u0306u. Didi K\u0306olxi, namuk Lazepe\u015fi minoba gok\u0306u\u0292xinu\u015feni dido dulya qu. Lazeti do Samargalo kort\u0306a\u015fa, Kazimi\u015fi coxo u\u011fureli ren. \u00c7kin Samargalos Kazimi do mu\u015fi no\u00e7ali\u015fepes dido p\u0306qoropt. Xvala Samargalok var, ar \u011foci\u015fen majurani\u015fa mteli Gurcistanik eya k\u0306aixe\u015fa i\u00e7inops do mskva\u015fa \u015finaps.<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi<\/strong>: Tkvan oput\u0306e Cixa\u015fk\u0306ari\u015fen ret. \u201cCixa\u201d-s \u00e7kinti cixa vu\u0292\u0306umert, Lazuri nenasti e\u015fo itkven- cixa. Oput\u0306e tkvani\u015fi coxo cixa\u015fen mulun, e\u015foi?\u00a0 Oput\u0306e tkvanis ar cixa ku\u011fun, dido mcve\u015fi cixa. Am\u0292ika aya cixa\u015fen molami\u015finit, mu iqven! Namu o\u015f\u0292\u0306anura\u015fa itari\u011fen aya cixa? Zo\u011fa\u015fen muk\u0306o ma\u011falobas ren cixa tkvani?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: Ho, oput\u0306e \u00e7kini\u015fi coxo\u015fi et\u0306imoloji \u201ccixa\u201d-\u015fen mulun. Tkvan m\u0292xade zop\u0306ont, \u201ccixa\u201d artneri ren Margaluristi, Lazuristi. Oput\u0306e \u00e7kinis tarixuri cixa kogeladgin, \u201c\u00c7\u0306akvinci\u015f cixa\u201d coxoni. \u00a0(1930) vit\u0306on\u00e7xoroo\u015fdoe\u00e7idovit\u0306oni \u0292\u0306anapes oput\u0306e \u00c7\u0306akvinci ok\u0306irteren.\u00a0 Ar semtis coxo gyodverenan \u201cCixa\u015fk\u0306ari\u201d, majurasti tarixuri coxo gyodverenan\u00a0 \u201c\u00c7\u0306akvinci\u201d. Am cixa\u015fi coxo\u015fi et\u0306imoloji \u201c\u00c7\u0306ani\u201d k\u0306ala ok\u0306ok\u0306ireli ren,\u201d didopeten aya zop\u0306onan \u00e7kinerk\u0306o\u00e7epek. Lazepe do Margalepe\u015fi mcve\u015fi o\u015fkaruli coxo \u201c\u00c7\u0306ani\u201d ren. Svanepek Lazi do Margalis and\u011faneri nd\u011fasti \u201cm\u0131zani\u201d u\u0292\u0306umelan. Oput\u0306es \u201c\u00c7\u0306anis\u0292\u0306qali\u201d coxoni ar \u011faliti koren.<\/p>\n (1905) vit\u0306on\u00e7xoroo\u015fdoxut \u0292\u0306anas, \u00e7kini oput\u0306e\u015fi x\u00e7ini do badepe\u015fen k\u0306orobineri do dolo\u00e7\u0306areli\u00a0 ambaepekti mo\u0292\u0306irapan, mcve\u015fi orapes ak Lazepe skidut\u0306erenan. Dido \u0292\u0306oxleneri cixa ik\u0306ideren (2800) e\u00e7idoovroo\u015fi \u0292\u0306ana\u015f \u0292\u0306oxle. Feodaluri oras, Odi\u015fi\u015fi \u015fkaguri t\u0306eren \u00e7kini oput\u0306e, ha cixati Samargalo\u015fi iri\u015fen menceloni do hemiti Samargalo\u015fi xazina\u015fi \u015fkaguri t\u0306eren. E\u015fo ptkvatna, a\u015fo ptkvatna, cixa\u015fi m\u00e7iroba xut hekt\u0306ari k\u0306onari t\u0306eren.\u00a0 Golaxtimeri o\u015f\u0292\u0306anurepes, du\u015fmanepek ar var dido fara kodoloxverenan cixa, mara akoni didilepek udodginu xolo dok\u0306iderenan eya.<\/p>\n (17.) vit\u0306oma\u015fkvitani o\u015f\u0292\u0306anuras, Samargalo\u015fi didik, Levan Majurani Dadianik cixa ti\u015fen k\u0306udeli\u015fa oa\u011faneren. And\u011faneri nd\u011fas, mcve\u015fi m\u00e7ire cixa\u015fen xvala namtini no\u0292\u0306ilepe ma\u017eirenan. A\u0292\u0306i sum dudira nau\u011fun cixa i\u017eiren.<\/p>\n Xapisxana mu\u015fi i\u00e7ali\u015fept\u0306u (1857) vit\u0306oovroo\u015fido jurene\u00e7idovit\u0306o\u015fkivit \u0292\u0306ana\u015fakis. Hukumetik aya, resmuri k\u0306arariten kogenk\u0306ilu an\u0292\u0306i. \u00c7kinti va mi\u00e7kit\u0306es, megere baba \u00e7kimi\u015fi p\u0306ap\u0306uli\u015fi p\u0306ap\u0306uli, Bit\u0306ulia \u015eengelia, xapisxana\u015fi memurepe\u015fen arteri t\u0306eren, namukna cixa\u015fi doloxe na t\u0306u mutxanepe e\u00e7\u0306areleren. Aya xapisxana geink\u0306ilu\u015fi, xapisxana\u015fi resmuri rabisk\u0306ape\u015fen koxoi\u0292\u0306onu.<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi<\/strong>: Oput\u0306e tkvanis arti k\u0306ilise koren, e\u015fo mi\u00e7kin. Aya k\u0306ilise\u015fenti molami\u015finit. Namu o\u015f\u0292\u0306anura\u015fa itari\u011fen k\u0306ilise tkvani?\u00a0 Zo\u011fa\u015fen muk\u0306o ma\u011falobas ren aya k\u0306ilise?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: Cixa\u015fi doloxeti ar k\u0306ilise do ar- jur bina\u015fi go\u015fob\u011feri genomskide koren.<\/p>\n Cixa\u015fk\u0306aris akt\u0306iuri ar k\u0306ilise koren. Mxei\u017ee coxoni aya oput\u0306e\u015fi xalk\u0306ik dok\u0306idu k\u0306ilise \u00e7kini. Aya rt\u0306u (20) e\u00e7i \u0292\u0306ana\u015f \u0292\u0306oxle. Mxei\u017ee mcve\u015fi mapaskirepe\u015fen ren. Entepe\u015fen namtinepe Lazetisti skidunan. Akt\u0306iuri k\u0306ilise\u015fen met\u0306a (7) \u015fkvit k\u0306ilise \u00e7kva koren oput\u0306e \u00e7kinis, mara \u00e7kvado\u00e7kva orapes e\u015fo varna a\u015fo dilixverenan.<\/p>\n Ali \u0130hsan Aksamazi<\/strong>: Oput\u0306e\u015fi xalk\u0306i didopeten muten skidun? Mu xa\u00e7kupan? Mu orgapan? Mu dulyape ikipan oput\u0306es? Oput\u0306e tkvani\u015fi ek\u0306onomiur- so\u0292ialuri do k\u0306ult\u0306uruli xali\u015fenti molami\u015finit, mu iqven! Oput\u0306e Cixa\u015fk\u0306ari\u015fi maxoroba muk\u0306o ren? Oput\u0306e tkvani\u015fi xalk\u0306ik mu imxornan do mu \u015fupan? Qur\u017eeni\u015f ba\u011fepe gi\u011funani?<\/p>\n \u0130oseb \u015eengelia<\/strong>: Oput\u0306arepe \u015feni doba\u011fine dulya va ren oput\u0306es. Emu\u015feniti oput\u0306e\u015fi maxoroba nd\u011fa\u015fen nd\u011fa\u015fa im\u0292ikanen. Oput\u0306e\u015fi xalk\u0306i para mogapu do a\u015fopeten oca\u011fepe mutepe\u015fis omxvacu \u015feni no\u011fa\u015fa, nanano\u011fa\u015fa varna majura dobadonepe\u015fa ulun.<\/p>\n Cixa\u015fk\u0306ari\u015fi oput\u0306arepek lazut\u0306i, lobia, nuxut\u0306i xa\u00e7kupan do txiri do k\u0306a\u0292xanak\u0306ati ku\u011funan. Binexiti \u00e7ans ak. Dido mcve\u015fi orapes, Cixa\u015fk\u0306ari mabinaxeobaten Samargalo\u015fi dido \u0292\u0306oxle xtimeri oput\u0306epe\u015fen arteri t\u0306eren.\u00a0 And\u011faneri nd\u011fas xoloti \u00e7\u0306it\u0306a t\u0306asnati, qur\u017eeni\u015fi ba\u011fepe koren ak do qur\u017eeniten \u011fvini, qur\u017eeni\u015fi \u00e7\u0306a\u00e7\u0306a do xilaten vot\u0306k\u0306ati ikipan.<\/p>\n Cixa\u015fk\u0306ari mzo\u011fa\u015fi seviye\u015fen (200) juro\u015fi met\u0306re k\u0306onari ma\u011falobas ren. Oput\u0306e\u015fi dixa ar k\u0306ele\u015fen majurani\u015fa (2020) e\u00e7io\u015fidoe\u00e7i hekt\u0306ari ren do (700) \u015fkvito\u015fi k\u0306onariti oca\u011fi skidun ek.<\/p>\n Naqonasunon\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n +<\/p>\n \u00a0\u201c\u10ee\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d3\u10dd<\/strong> \u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc<\/strong> \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8<\/strong> \u10db\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8<\/strong> \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4<\/strong>, <\/strong>\u10e8\u10d8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4<\/strong> \u10d3\u10dd<\/strong> \u10db\u10d0\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/strong> \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10df\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4<\/strong> \u10de\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10e4<\/strong>!\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \u10dc\u10dd\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4 1<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n (\u10d2\u10dd\u10ec\u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0<\/strong>: \u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10f6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10dd\u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8. \u10dd\u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4, \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc. \u201c\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d5\u201d -\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10df\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10e4\u10e1. \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10e5 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d7\u10dc\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10f6\u10f2\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd \u10e1\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10f2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10f2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10e4\u10e1, \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc. \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d7\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10ee\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e6\u10e3\u10dc. \u10e5\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10db \u10d9\u10dd\u10f2\u10e3\u10dc\u10ef\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10e0-\u10df\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d7\u10e3\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8 \u10ec\u10dd\u10ee\u10da\u10d4, \u10d0\u10dc\u10ec\u10d8, (25) \u10d4\u10e9\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd\u10ee\u10e3\u10d7 \u10db\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e5\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10db \u10d9\u10dd\u10f2\u10e3\u10dc\u10ef\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e6\u10d0\u10e1, \u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4 \u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10ed\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e3 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d4\u10f2\u10d0 \u10d2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8. \u10d0\u10e5 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3.\u00a0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e3 \u10d3\u10dd\u10de\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d1\u10d8\u10f2\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10f6\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d0\u10f2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dc \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e3 \u10e9\u10e5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8. \u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10f0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8)<\/p>\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/sonhaber.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/2-Ioseb-Sengelia-I-400x254.jpg\")
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