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KITIJ Cemil Bi\u00e7er<\/strong><\/p>\n Y\u0131l 1864, aylardan may\u0131s…<\/p>\n Novorossiysk Ticari Deniz Liman\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fletilen liman t\u00fcm y\u0131l boyunca kullan\u0131labilmekte olup, ayn\u0131 zamanda Rusya Deniz Kuvvetleri\u2019nin, Karadeniz Filosu’nun konu\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir deniz \u00fcss\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Sabah\u0131n \u015favk\u0131 Karadeniz \u00fczerinde k\u0131pra\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u015epsigo KITIJ Smayl, o sabah ailesini \u00f6nceden anla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir Laz takas\u0131na bindirip Memalik-i Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7ecekti.<\/p>\n 1861 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonbahar\u0131nda \u00c7ar II. Alexander durumu kendi g\u00f6zleriyle g\u00f6rmek ve ordular\u0131n\u0131 denetlemek maksad\u0131yla Bat\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019ya geldi. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Meclisi ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen II. Alexander \u201cKafkasya\u2019n\u0131n Rus topraklar\u0131na kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00c7erkeslerin Rus vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131, Rus Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetleri\u2019nin say\u0131ca b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu ve onlarla ba\u015f \u00a0edemeyeceklerini\u201d s\u00f6yledi. E\u011fer bunlar\u0131 anlamaz, kabul etmezlerse neye mal olursa olsun sava\u015f\u0131 en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede zaferle sonu\u00e7land\u0131racaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun \u00c7erkesler i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m, trajedi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n \u00c7ar\u2019\u0131n bu s\u00f6zleri \u00fczerine \u00c7erkes temsilcileri y\u0131llarca u\u011fruna sava\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 topraklar\u0131ndan, dillerinden, dinlerinden vazge\u00e7meyeceklerini, kendi \u00fclkelerinde az\u0131nl\u0131k durumuna d\u00fc\u015fmeyeceklerini belirttiler. Bu geli\u015fmeler \u00fczerine \u00c7erkes-Rus sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddeti artt\u0131. 1862 y\u0131l\u0131nda So\u00e7i k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na denizden \u00e7\u0131karma harek\u00e2t\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Ruslar, B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Meclisi binas\u0131n\u0131 yakt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n Ruslarla daha fazla sava\u015famayan \u00c7erkesler zorla kendi topraklar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131larak ba\u015fka \u00fclkelere gitmek zorunda kald\u0131lar. 21 May\u0131s 1864\u2019te \u00c7arl\u0131k Ordusu sava\u015flar\u0131n bitti\u011fini ilan ederek, resmi bir ge\u00e7it d\u00fczenledi.<\/p>\n \u0130bn-i Haldun\u2019un \u00e7ok de\u011ferli ve anlaml\u0131 bir s\u00f6z\u00fc var: \u201cCo\u011frafya kaderimizdir.\u201d Yani d\u0131\u015f etkenlerin bu konudaki belirleyicili\u011finden ka\u00e7mak imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00d6nemli olan, bununla nas\u0131l y\u00fczle\u015fece\u011fimizdir.<\/p>\n \u00c7erkeslerin yenilgi trajedisini, ba\u015fka bir trajedi olan y\u0131\u011f\u0131nsal \u015fekilde Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu topraklar\u0131na zorla g\u00f6nderilmeleri izledi.<\/p>\n Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te 500 bin ki\u015fi a\u00e7l\u0131k, salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klar ve so\u011fuktan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Osmanl\u0131 o zamanlarda en k\u00f6t\u00fc d\u00f6nemini ya\u015f\u0131yordu. N\u00fcfusu azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve sava\u015facak insanlara ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131. \u00c7erkeslerin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 ve cesur bir halk oldu\u011funu bildi\u011finden onlar\u0131n s\u00fcrg\u00fcnle Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na yerle\u015fmesini kabul etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya gelen \u00c7erkesler H\u0131ristiyan n\u00fcfusunun fazla oldu\u011fu, kurak ve batakl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelere tar\u0131m\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yerle\u015ftirildiler. Ayn\u0131 zamanda birlik olunamamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k bir \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n \u015epa\u015figo, y\u00fckte hafif pahada a\u011f\u0131r b\u00fct\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ailesini, Novorossiysk liman\u0131na getirmi\u015f k\u00f6hne bir Laz takas\u0131na bindirip ailesinin kaderini Karadeniz\u2019in so\u011fuk sular\u0131na teslim etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n Me\u00e7hule giden bu k\u00f6hne Laz takas\u0131nda a\u00e7l\u0131ktan ve hastal\u0131ktan \u00f6len aile \u00fcyelerini Karadeniz\u2019in karanl\u0131k sular\u0131na g\u00f6men \u015epa\u015figo ailesi uzun y\u0131llar Karadeniz\u2019e k\u00fcs ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar, denizden \u00e7\u0131kan bal\u0131klar\u0131 yiyememi\u015flerdir. Bu derin travman\u0131n kabuk ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f yaralar\u0131 hala bir derin s\u0131z\u0131 olarak sakl\u0131d\u0131r y\u00fcre\u011fimizde.<\/p>\n Me\u00e7hule yol alan bu k\u00f6hne Laz takas\u0131 Karadeniz\u2019in azg\u0131n dalgalar\u0131 ile bo\u011fu\u015farak 27 may\u0131s sabah\u0131 \u00c7alt\u0131 Burnu Ta\u015fl\u0131k mevkiinden Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda karaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n Samsun-Kirazl\u0131k-Derbent b\u00f6lgesinde kurulu g\u00f6\u00e7men toplanma kamp\u0131nda aylarca yokluk ve yoksulluk i\u00e7inde ya\u015fam m\u00fccadelesi veren KITIJ ailesi, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na verilen “tay\u0131n”dan mahrum olmamak i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fclerini bile kamp yetkililerinden gizli g\u00f6md\u00fcler topra\u011fa.<\/p>\n G\u00f6\u00e7men komisyonu yetkilileri \u015epa\u015figo Smayl ailesini \u00c7ar\u015famba Ar\u0131m b\u00f6lgesinde e\u011frelti otlar\u0131 (Pteridophyta) ile kapl\u0131 kumluk bir alana yerle\u015ftirdi. Ar\u0131m b\u00f6lgesinin ilk s\u00fcrg\u00fcn g\u00f6\u00e7menleri olan \u015epa\u015figo KITIJ ailesi \u00fcyeleri bu k\u0131ra\u00e7 araziyi hi\u00e7 sevmediler, ancak anavatanlar\u0131na d\u00f6nme \u00fclk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc hep i\u00e7lerinde sakl\u0131 tuttuklar\u0131ndan Karadeniz\u2019den uzakla\u015fmakta istemediler. Ailenin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc G\u00f6\u00e7men \u0130daresi\u2019nin karar\u0131na uyup Anadolu\u2019nun i\u00e7 kesimlerine g\u00f6nderildiler.<\/p>\n KITIJ ailesinin \u00fcyeleri hala bu topraklarda 157 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen birbirlerine hasret ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n \u015epa\u015figo ailesi yaz s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kavrulup k\u0131p-k\u0131z\u0131l bir savanaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen k\u00f6ylerine K\u0131z\u0131lot<\/strong> (Wu\u015bpl’\u0131j hable) ad\u0131n\u0131 verdiler.<\/p>\n S\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde \u015epa\u015figo ailesinin kurdu\u011fu K\u0131z\u0131lot k\u00f6y\u00fcne Haml\u0131k k\u00f6y\u00fcnden (s\u0131tma nedeniyle s\u00f6nen bir \u00c7erkes k\u00f6y\u00fc) \u00e7ok say\u0131da aile kat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Haml\u0131k k\u00f6y\u00fc, \u00c7ar\u015famba \u00c7erkes k\u00f6yleri i\u00e7inde ekonomisi en geli\u015fmi\u015f ve n\u00fcfus olarak en kalabal\u0131k bir k\u00f6y olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen i\u00e7me suyunun metan gaz\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve batakl\u0131klarla \u00e7evrili olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde s\u0131tma, verem, dizanteri ve trohom gibi bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n pen\u00e7esinde s\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f bir k\u00f6yd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Haml\u0131k k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn dramatik tarih\u00e7esi k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc en son terk eden yar\u0131 meczup Topal Ham<\/strong>i<\/strong>t<\/strong>‘in ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7ercevesinde “\u00c7ar\u015famba K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcnde Vurdular Beni” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131mda ayr\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ile anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7evrede mukim T\u00fcrk k\u00f6yl\u00fclerle iyi bir sosyal il\u015fki geli\u015ftiren K\u0131z\u0131lot<\/strong> halk\u0131, Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda onlarca gencini g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak ulusal kurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6ndermi\u015f, kendi \u00f6z yurtlar\u0131n\u0131 savunmada g\u00f6steremedikleri kahramanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ikinci yurtlar\u0131 i\u00e7in harcamaktan \u00e7ekinmemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmetler \u00c7erkeslerin yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 Ar\u0131m-K\u0131z\u0131lot <\/strong>b\u00f6lgesine gereken ilgiyi ziyadesi ile g\u00f6stermi\u015fledir. \u00c7ar\u015famba k\u00f6ylerinde o y\u0131llarda ilkokulu bulunan \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00f6yden biri K\u0131z\u0131lot <\/strong>olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Yerli halk\u0131n \u00c7erkes g\u00f6\u00e7menlerle olan sosyal sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131nda tutmak maksad\u0131 bu k\u00f6ye birde jandarma karakolu kurulmu\u015ftur (1934).<\/p>\n Batakl\u0131k ve orman arazilerini \u0131slah eden K\u0131z\u0131lot \u00a0<\/strong>\u00c7erkes g\u00f6\u00e7menleri bu verimli geni\u015f al\u00fcvyon topraklar\u0131 i\u015fleyerek ekonomik olarak h\u0131zla vars\u0131lla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yerel y\u00f6neticilerle iyi ili\u015fkiler geli\u015ftirme becerisi g\u00f6sterip b\u00fcrokrasi ve askeriye i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rev al\u0131p k\u0131smi bir ayr\u0131cal\u0131k elde etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n \u00c7erkes m\u00fctegallibeleri (mahalli beyler, a\u011falar \u2013CC) \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitim almalar\u0131na \u00e7ok \u00f6nem vermi\u015fler, ilk ve orta okulu \u00c7ar\u015famba\u2019da okuyan bir \u00e7ok \u00c7erkes genci, lise e\u011fitimleri i\u00e7in Samsun ve \u0130stanbul -Kabata\u015f ve Haydarpa\u015fa- liselerine yollanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7erkes k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u00fcm detaylar\u0131nn\u0131 en ince ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na kadar korunup uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131z\u0131lot k\u00f6y\u00fc (Wu\u015bpl’\u0131j Hable) s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde asimilasyonun tahribat\u0131ndan kurtulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r! Bu \u00f6z k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden uzakla\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedeni, yol boyu bir k\u00f6y olmas\u0131, gen\u00e7lerinin okumak ve i\u015fleri gere\u011fi kentlere y\u00f6nelmesidir.<\/p>\n Merkezi bir yerle\u015fim \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 okulun ve jandarma karakolunun bu k\u00f6yde bulunmas\u0131 da asimilasyonun (\u00f6z\u00fcmleme) t\u00e2l\u00ee etkenleri aras\u0131nda say\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n Geldi\u011fimiz noktadan 156 y\u0131l geriye bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda g\u00f6r\u00fcnen; yok olmu\u015f bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr, unutulmu\u015f bir anadil, karakl\u0131k sular\u0131 ile kan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015favk\u0131yan kocamannn bir kirli denizden ibarettir bizim \u00f6yk\u00fcm\u00fcz!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" KITIJ Cemil Biçer Yıl 1864, aylardan mayıs… Novorossiysk Ticari Deniz Limanı tarafından işletilen liman tüm yıl boyunca kullanılabilmekte olup, aynı zamanda Rusya Deniz Kuvvetleri’nin, Karadeniz Filosu’nun konuşlandığı bir deniz üssüdür. Sabahın şavkı Karadeniz üzerinde kıpraşmaya başladı. Şpsigo KITIJ Smayl, o sabah ailesini önceden anlaştığı bir Laz takasına bindirip Memalik-i Osmanlı’ya göçecekti. 1861 yılının sonbaharında Çar 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