{"id":37917,"date":"2024-01-26T09:14:44","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T15:14:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=37917"},"modified":"2024-01-26T09:18:35","modified_gmt":"2024-01-26T15:18:35","slug":"dilimden-ve-ulkemden-surgunum-ben-stefan-zweig","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/dilimden-ve-ulkemden-surgunum-ben-stefan-zweig\/","title":{"rendered":"Dilimden ve \u00dclkemden S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcm Ben \/ STEFAN ZWE\u0130G"},"content":{"rendered":"

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YEMUZ Nevzat Tarak\u00e7\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yazmaya olan doyumsuz iste\u011fi ve yetene\u011fi sayesinde \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f d\u00fcnya edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> en \u00f6nemli kalemlerinden biri olan Stefan Zweig,<\/strong> d\u00f6nemin en prestijli edebiyat \u00f6d\u00fcllerinden birinin de sahibidir.
\nZweig, Avrupa’n\u0131n mevcut durumundan olduk\u00e7a bunalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, \u00e7areyi Nazi fa\u015fizminden ka\u00e7makta bulur. Ancak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131na dayanamaz ve Rio de Janeiro’da e\u015fiyle birlikte intihar eder.<\/strong>
\n\u0130ntihar notunda: \u201cKendi dilimin d\u00fcnyas\u0131 batt\u0131ktan <\/strong>ve benim i\u00e7in kaybedildikten ve manevi vatan\u0131m kendini yok ettikten sonra<\/strong> ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir yerde hayat\u0131m\u0131 yeniden in\u015fa etmeyi istemezdim.” s\u00f6zleriyle umutsuzlu\u011funu, karamsarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.
\n\u201cStefan Zweig,<\/strong> konu edindi\u011fi i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bilinmezliklerle dolu labirentlerinde, bireyleri yarg\u0131lamadan, <\/strong>\u015fefkatle kucaklayarak dola\u015fmay\u0131 se\u00e7en; yollar\u0131n karma\u015fas\u0131na, ge\u00e7itlerin \u00e7oklu\u011funa ve ayk\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin<\/strong> korkutan sesine ra\u011fmen, psikoloji \/ felsefe bilgisini de yan\u0131na alarak, yal\u0131n bir dil ile g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc karakterler yaratmay\u0131 ba\u015faran bar\u0131\u015f yanl\u0131s\u0131, h\u00fcmanist bir \u00f6yk\u00fc anlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

RUS K\u00d6YL\u00dcS\u00dcN\u00dcN BA\u011eIRSAKLARINI \u00a0S\u00dcNG\u00dcYLE DELMEK\u2026
\n<\/strong>I.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde t\u00fcm bask\u0131lara ra\u011fmen sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131rtkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapmad\u0131. Sava\u015f kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 oldu\u011funu pek \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131yla ortaya koydu.
\nT\u00fcm bask\u0131lara ra\u011fmen sava\u015fa kat\u0131lmay\u0131 reddetti ve bir \u015fekilde\u00a0sava\u015f ar\u015fivinde<\/strong> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.
\nDaha sonra bu g\u00f6revi i\u00e7in \u015f\u00f6yle diyecektir: \u201c\u00d6v\u00fcn\u00fclecek bir g\u00f6rev olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayay\u0131m ama bu i\u015f, Rus k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcng\u00fcyle delmekten<\/strong> daha uygundu bana\u201d.
\n<\/em>Sava\u015f bittikten sonra pek \u00e7ok yazar, \u015fair ve bilim insan\u0131 sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131rtkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na<\/strong> devam etse de Zweig bildi\u011fi do\u011frudan ayr\u0131lmad\u0131.
\nSava\u015fa methiyeler d\u00fczen kitaplar, \u015fiirler yazmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tepki \u00fcst\u00fcne tepki \u00e7ekti.<\/strong><\/p>\n

RUHU ACI \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDEYD\u0130 <\/strong>
\nAlmanya’da Nazi fa\u015fizmi iktidara geldi\u011finde<\/strong> e\u015fiyle birlikte \u00f6nce \u0130ngiltere’<\/strong>ye oradan da Amerika’<\/strong>ya giden yazar, II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan sonra Brezilya<\/strong>‘ya giderek Petropolis kentine yerle\u015fir.
\nNe yaz\u0131k ki bu ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f da Zweig\u2019i huzura erdiremeyecektir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc patlak veren sava\u015f t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ate\u015fler i\u00e7ine atm\u0131\u015f,<\/strong> bu ate\u015f en \u00e7ok da Zweig\u2019in ruhunu yakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

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\u201cBEN\u0130 SEV\u0130YOR MUSUN?\u201d<\/strong>
\nZweig, i\u00e7ine zehir ilave edilen \u015fi\u015feden<\/strong> \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck yudum al\u0131r. E\u015fine \u015fi\u015feyi uzat\u0131rken \u201cYan\u0131ma gelmek arzusundaysan <\/strong>e\u011fer bunu istedi\u011fin zaman yapabilirsin.\u201d der.
\nE\u015fi Lotte ona son olarak \u015fu soruyu y\u00f6neltir: \u201cBeni seviyor musun?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Stefan<\/p>\n

\u201cEvet\u201d<\/em>\u00a0cevab\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131nca \u015fi\u015fenin tamam\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ip \u00e7i\u00e7ekli elbisesiyle e\u015finin yan\u0131na uzan\u0131r ve e\u015fi ile \u00f6l\u00fcme y\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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H\u0130TLER ve E\u015e\u0130N\u0130N \u0130NT\u0130HARI<\/strong>
\nZweig ve e\u015finin, Hitler ve taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n tak\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanca tav\u0131r nedeniyle intihar etmesinden tam 3 sene sonra tarih tersine d\u00f6ner.<\/strong>
\nBu defa e\u015fi ile birlikte intihar eden isim, Ruslara kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck yenilgi<\/strong> alan, Nazi fa\u015fizminin \u00f6nc\u00fc ismi Hitler ve e\u015fidir<\/p>\n

BALZAC, D\u0130CKENS, DOSTOYEVSK\u0130\u2026 SAYISIZ ESER<\/strong>
\nStefan Zweig, arkas\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131z eser, milyonlara ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.
\nYazar\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc kitab\u0131 \u201cSatran\u00e7\u201d <\/strong>d\u00fcnyada en \u00e7ok okunan ba\u015fyap\u0131tlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.
\n\u00d6zellikle \u201c\u00dc\u00e7 B\u00fcy\u00fck Usta: Balzac, Dickens, Dostoyevski<\/strong>\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 edebiyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n

STEFAN ZWE\u0130G\u2019IN \u0130NT\u0130HAR MEKTUBU:<\/strong>
\n“\u00d6zg\u00fcr iradem ve a\u00e7\u0131k bir bilin\u00e7le<\/strong> bu ya\u015famdan ayr\u0131l\u0131rken son bir sorumlulu\u011fumu yerine getirmek istiyorum\u2026 Ruhsal anavatan\u0131m Avrupa kendi kendini yok ettikten ve ana dilimin d\u00fcnyas\u0131 yok olduktan sonra,<\/strong> d\u00fcnyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir yerinde hayat\u0131m\u0131 bu kadar severek yeniden kuramazd\u0131m\u2026 Ve benim g\u00fcc\u00fcm y\u0131llar s\u00fcren vatans\u0131z yolculuklardan sonra iyice t\u00fckendi<\/strong>. Bu nedenle hayat\u0131m\u0131 do\u011fru zamanda ve do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde sonland\u0131rmam\u0131n iyi olaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yorum\u2026 B\u00fct\u00fcn dostlar\u0131m\u0131 selamlar\u0131m! Hepsine uzun geceden sonra gelen tan\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek nasip olsun! Ben, her zamanki sab\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131mla \u00f6nden gidiyorum.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

KANLI VAH\u015eET\u0130, \u00c7OCUKLARIN Y\u00dcREK PAR\u00c7ALAYAN HAL\u0130N\u0130 G\u00d6R\u00dcR\u2026<\/strong>
\nSava\u015f s\u00fcrecinde g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerinden sonra sava\u015f\u0131n anlams\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok daha iyi fark eder.
\nG\u00f6zlerini a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r art\u0131k.<\/strong> Kanl\u0131 vah\u015feti, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n y\u00fcrek par\u00e7alayan halini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve \u00f6mr\u00fcndeki as\u0131l uyan\u0131\u015f i\u015fte o zaman ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u0130nsanlar\u0131, \u201cSava\u015fa haz\u0131rlanan b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00a0diktat\u00f6rler<\/strong>, haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle tamamlay\u0131ncaya kadar s\u00fcrekli\u00a0bar\u0131\u015ftan<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00f6z ederler\u2026. Birisi bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatmal\u0131<\/strong>,\u00a0t\u0131pk\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0gibi.”\u00a0 Diyerek uyarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve devam\u0131nda sava\u015f\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00fcz\u00fcn ve adaletsizli\u011fi anlatmak i\u00e7in \u00e7abalar.
\nStefan Zweig\u2019i okurken ger\u00e7ekler b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcze \u00e7arpar.<\/strong>
\nO, insanlar\u0131n mutsuzlu\u011funu kabullenemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcme yatand\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n

YA\u015eAMAKTIR ZOR OLAN, \u00d6LMEKSE EN KOLAYI! <\/strong>
\nB\u00fcy\u00fck yazar ke\u015fke \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bir ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f, bir kurtulu\u015f olarak g\u00f6rmese \u00f6lme kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131na<\/strong> ka\u00e7masayd\u0131.
\nYa\u015fasayd\u0131, yeni eserlerle ufuk a\u00e7maya devam etseydi.
\nYa\u015famakt\u0131r zor olan, \u00f6lmekse en kolay\u0131!<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00f6z\u00fc, Naz\u0131m\u2019\u0131n \u015fu enfes ifadeleriyle<\/strong> bitirelim:
\nYa\u015famak zor zanaat…
\nKatlanmak k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe, ihanete, sevgisizli\u011fe…<\/strong>
\nHer \u015fey bir yana,
\nSahi nas\u0131l dayan\u0131yoruz sevmeyi bilmeyen,<\/strong>
\nY\u00fcre\u011fi k\u00f6rle\u015fmi\u015f bunca insana?<\/p>\n

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Stefan Zweig’in K\u0131sa Biyografisi<\/p>\n