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XABZE ve DO\u011eUM<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7erkes Ali<\/strong> Yeni do\u011fan bebek i\u00e7in Adigelerin uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 kurallar\u0131n ve yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n bir benzeri ba\u015fka hi\u00e7 bir millette yoktur dersek bu pek de abart\u0131 ve yan\u0131lg\u0131 olmaz.<\/strong><\/p>\n Bir ka\u00e7 a\u015famadan olu\u015fan bu konunun en \u00f6nemli aya\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ocu\u011fun hastal\u0131klardan ve olumsuzluklardan muhafaza edilerek do\u011fumuna kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre idi.<\/strong><\/p>\n Buna y\u00f6nelik olarak dualar ve dilekler yan\u0131s\u0131ra sa\u011fl\u0131k konusunda neredeyse uzmanl\u0131k isteyen uygulamalar da yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n Her \u015fey ilk olarak anne olmaya haz\u0131rlanan gelin ile ba\u015flard\u0131. Anne olaca\u011f\u0131 belli olduktan sonra ona hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde a\u011f\u0131r i\u015f yapt\u0131r\u0131lmaz, fakat hareket edebilmesi i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli hafif ve kolay i\u015fler ona havale edilirdi. Gelin; onu \u00fczecek moralini bozacak k\u00f6t\u00fc haberler ve olumsuz dialoglardan uzak tutulur, kendisi de kalabal\u0131klardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n \u0130lk kez \u00e7ocuk sahibi olacak geline daha \u00e7ok kaynanas\u0131 dikkat eder g\u00f6z alt\u0131nda tutard\u0131. \u00c7ocuk haberini alan aile bireyleri sevinirlerdi fakat bunu hi\u00e7 bir zaman a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya ka\u00e7an g\u00f6steri\u015fli hareketlerle yans\u0131tmazlar alenen bebek al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi vs. yapmazlard\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n Bunun nedeni o d\u00f6nemlerde y\u00fcksek say\u0131da bebek \u00f6l\u00fcmleri olmas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor, \u00e7ok istedi\u011finiz ve sevin\u00e7 g\u00f6sterileri ile duyurdu\u011funuz bir \u015feyi daha sonra kaybetme ihtimali nedeni ile \u00e7ok fazla a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya gidilmezdi bu konuda. Ayr\u0131ca da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sevincin Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcne gidece\u011fi gibi bir inan\u00e7 da vard\u0131.<\/p>\n Yaz\u0131l\u0131 dilleri olmaks\u0131z\u0131n uzun y\u0131llar ya\u015fayagelen Adigelerin, bir sonraya devrederek bu zamana getirdikleri gelenekleri aras\u0131nda, bir \u00e7ok sa\u011fl\u0131k ve tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri \u00e7ocuk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yeti\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Adigeler \u00e7ocu\u011fun yar\u0131k dudakl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile hamile gelinlerin tav\u015fan g\u00f6rmesini istemezlerdi.<\/p>\n \u00c7ocu\u011fun patlak (p\u00f6rtlek) g\u00f6zl\u00fc olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile bal\u0131\u011fa bakt\u0131rmazlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Oysa bu t\u00fcr sak\u0131nmalar\u0131n arkas\u0131ndaki as\u0131l neden bu t\u00fcr canl\u0131lardan gelinin \u00fcrkmesi ve \u00e7ocu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesi ihtimali idi, fakat bu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kla s\u00f6ylenmezdi.<\/p>\n Kaynana, gelinini bu konuda bilgili ve tecr\u00fcbeli oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen k\u00f6y\u00fcn ya\u015fl\u0131 ebelerine defalarca g\u00f6sterir muayene ettirir, gelinin \u015fikayetlerini dinletirdi.<\/p>\n Hamile gelinin yiyip i\u00e7ecekleri, oturup kalma bi\u00e7imi, yatma uyuma\u00a0 bi\u00e7imi, gezip dola\u015fmas\u0131 dahi hep bu kad\u0131nlar\u0131n tavsiye ettikleri \u015fekilde olurdu.<\/p>\n Geline yapabilece\u011fi hafif i\u015fler yapmas\u0131, s\u00fcrekli dola\u015fmas\u0131 s\u00f6ylenirdi. iki kar\u0131\u015f y\u00fcksekli\u011finde bir e\u015fikten veya y\u00fckseltiden gelinin atlat\u0131lmas\u0131, gelinin yal\u0131n ayak dola\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 (topra\u011fa temas i\u00e7in)\u00a0 gibi bir adet vard\u0131. Elleri yukar\u0131da olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren i\u015fler yapmas\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle sak\u0131n\u0131rlard\u0131 gelini, bunun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck nedeni oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n Hamile gelin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc ve s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 konulardan uzak tutulur, onu \u00fcrk\u00fctecek \u015fok yaratacak \u015feylerden bahsedilmezdi. Cenaze ve ba\u015fsa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na hamile gelinler g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmezdi. Ak\u015fam karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sonra hamile gelin tek ba\u015f\u0131na odas\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lmazd\u0131, suya oduna g\u00f6nderilmezdi, kazan ve benzer \u015feyler kald\u0131rmas\u0131na izin verilmezdi.<\/p>\n Geline rahat oturmas\u0131, hi\u00e7bir \u015fey i\u00e7in tela\u015f etmemesi \u00f6zellikle tembih edilir, onun yemek istedi\u011fi \u015feyler temin edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131, aksi halde do\u011facak \u00e7ocu\u011fun salyalar\u0131 akan olur olmaza imrenen pis bo\u011faz bir \u015fey olaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu nedenle aileden her kim \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya pazara ormana veya bah\u00e7eye gitse geline farkl\u0131 ve can\u0131 \u00e7ekebilecek yiyeceklerden getirirdi.<\/p>\n \u00c7ocuk do\u011fduktan sonra ebe onun g\u00f6be\u011fini keser, kesti\u011fi g\u00f6bek ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bebe\u011fin y\u00fcz\u00fcne s\u00fcrerdi,b\u00f6yle yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bebe\u011fin g\u00fczel y\u00fczl\u00fc olaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n Bunu b\u00f6yle yapanlar o d\u00f6nemde ni\u00e7in yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyor olsalar da sonralar\u0131 yap\u0131lan incelemelerde g\u00f6bek ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n mikrop k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yani antiseptik \u00f6zelli\u011fi oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7ocuk do\u011fdu\u011fu anda mutlaka a\u011flat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131, bu da bebe\u011fin ci\u011ferlerinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n Do\u011fan \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in ilk defa anne ile bebe\u011fi ay\u0131ran ki\u015fi, yani g\u00f6bek ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kesen ebe iyi dilekte bulunurdu. Bu ”Xoh\u201dlar\u0131n k\u0131z i\u00e7in ayr\u0131, erkek i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 olan bir \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 formu vard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr ”Xoh\u201du daha i\u00e7ten daha samimi ve duygusal dileklerle yap\u0131l\u0131r iyilik, g\u00fczllik, sadakat, kahramanl\u0131k, \u015fans, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, yi\u011fitlik, adalet vb. bir \u00e7ok iyi temennide bulunulurdu.<\/p>\n Bebek do\u011fdu\u011fu anda g\u00f6zlerini a\u00e7arsa ve hap\u015f\u0131rarak a\u011flarsa veya ses \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131rsa bunun iyiye i\u015faret oldu\u011fu kabul edilirdi, ak\u0131ll\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan olaca\u011f\u0131na yorulurdu.<\/p>\n Kom\u015fu kad\u0131nlar lohusa geline s\u00fct ile pi\u015firilmi\u015f \u00e7orba getirirler ve bunun bebek i\u00e7in s\u00fct olaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" XABZE ve DOĞUM Çerkes Ali Karaçay-Çerkes-Xabez köyü, Adige psalhe gazetesi – Eylül 2006 Çeviri:Ergün YILDIZ Yeni doğan bebek için Adigelerin uyguladıkları kuralların ve yaklaşımın bir benzeri başka hiç bir millette yoktur dersek bu pek de abartı ve yanılgı olmaz. Bir kaç aşamadan oluşan bu konunun en önemli ayağı, çocuğun hastalıklardan ve olumsuzluklardan muhafaza edilerek doğumuna 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\nKara\u00e7ay-\u00c7erkes-Xabez k\u00f6y\u00fc, Adige psalhe gazetesi \u2013 Eyl\u00fcl 2006
\n\u00c7eviri:Erg\u00fcn YILDIZ<\/p>\n