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Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu makalemde sizlere T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreli\/ s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlar ve i\u00e7erikleri ile \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcrel Otonomi\u201d y\u00f6nelimli faaliyetleri hakk\u0131nda k\u0131saca bilgi verece\u011fim.<\/p>\n G\u00fcrc\u00fcler; Megreller, Lazlar, Svanlar ve Abhazlar gibi \u201cTrans\/ Kafkasya\u201dn\u0131n yerli halklar\u0131ndand\u0131r. (16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda) G\u00fcrc\u00fcler\u2019in ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 topraklar da \u201cSafev\u00ee\/ Pers\/ \u0130ran\u201d \u015eahlar\u0131 ile Osmanl\u0131 Sultanlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve h\u00e2kimiyet alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kald\u0131. Sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde ise, bu topraklar \u201cSafev\u00ee\/ Pers\/ \u0130ran\u201d \u015eahlar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 Sultanlar\u0131 ve Rus \u00c7arlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve h\u00e2kimiyet alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalacak ve zaman i\u00e7inde \u201cTrans\/ Kafkasya\u201ddaki bug\u00fcnk\u00fc siyas\u00ee s\u0131n\u0131rlar da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri\u2019nin bir k\u0131sm\u0131, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 Do\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nin yerlisidir. T\u00fcrkiye M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri\u2019nin bir di\u011fer k\u0131sm\u0131 ise muhacirdir; kanl\u0131 sava\u015flarla Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n topraklar\u0131 Rus \u00c7ar\u2019\u0131n\u0131n topraklar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce muhacir oldular.\u00a0 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u201c\u00c7veneburiler\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcler\u201d, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Lazlar gibi 1828-1829 Osmanl\u0131-\u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131 Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131ndan ve 1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131- \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131 Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan (93 Harbi\u2019nden) sonra, \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n eline ge\u00e7en topraklardan ayr\u0131larak muhacir olmak zorunda kald\u0131lar. Osmanl\u0131-\u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131 Sava\u015flar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Lazlar Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, Ortodoks H\u0131ristiyan G\u00fcrc\u00fc ile Ermeniler de Rus \u00c7ar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u201cdo\u011fal m\u00fcttefiki\u201dydiler.<\/p>\n \u201c\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d, Osmanl\u0131 \u00dclkesi\u2019nin\/ T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Muhacir G\u00fcrc\u00fclerinin kendilerini tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 bir adland\u0131rmad\u0131r. \u201c\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d, G\u00fcrc\u00fcce bir adland\u0131rma; T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de \u201cbizden olan\u201d anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n Muhacir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fcler\u2019in, \u201c\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d adland\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 kendilerini hem Rus \u00c7ar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Ortodoks H\u0131r\u0131stiyan G\u00fcrc\u00fclerden,\u00a0 hem zaman\u0131n ba\u015fkenti \u0130stanbul\u2019da ya\u015fayan Katolik H\u0131ristiyan G\u00fcrc\u00fclerden ve hem de Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan yerli di\u011fer M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fclerden farkl\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 da kabul ediliyor. \u201c\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d adland\u0131rmas\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar zaman ve mek\u00e2n i\u00e7inde farkl\u0131 anlamlar y\u00fcklemeleri de yap\u0131larak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n 1828-1829 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n topraklar\u0131 Rus \u00c7ar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n topraklar\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u201c\u10db\u10d4\u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7-\u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\/ Meskhet- Cavakheti\u201dde ya\u015fayan Katolik H\u0131ristiyan G\u00fcrc\u00fcler de, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u201c\u00c7veneburiler\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcler\u201d gibi Osmanl\u0131 \u00dclkesi\u2019ne muhacir gelmek zorunda kald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n 3 Kas\u0131m 1839- Tanzimat Ferman\u0131\u2019yla, Osmanl\u0131 \u00dclkesi\u2019nin di\u011fer H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 gibi, Katolik H\u0131ristiyan G\u00fcrc\u00fcler de \u201ckurumsal olarak\u201d \u00f6rg\u00fctlendiler. Kendisi de muhacir Katolik H\u0131ristiyan bir G\u00fcrc\u00fc olan Papaz \u00a0\u10de\u10d4\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\/ P\u0306et\u0306re Xaris\u00e7\u0306ira\u015fvili\u2019nin \u00e7abalar\u0131yla zaman\u0131n ba\u015fkenti \u0130stanbul\u2019un \u015ei\u015fli semtinde \u201cBomonti G\u00fcrc\u00fc Katolik Kilisesi ve Manast\u0131r\u0131\u201d kuruldu. 1870\u2019de \u201cBomonti G\u00fcrc\u00fc Katolik Kilisesi ve Manast\u0131r\u0131\u201d b\u00fcnyesinde bir de matbaa faaliyete ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131 \u00dclkesi\u2019nde 23 Temmuz 1908\u2019de 2. Me\u015frutiyet Y\u00f6netimi\u2019nin il\u00e2n\u0131yla birlikte, Katolik H\u0131ristiyan G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 da \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcrel Otonomi\u201d alan\u0131nda zaman\u0131n ba\u015fkenti \u0130stanbul\u2019da ad\u0131mlar att\u0131. \u10e8\u10d0\u10da\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10eb\u10d4\/\u00a0 \u015ealva Vardi\u017ee, \u201cBomonti G\u00fcrc\u00fc Katolik Kilisesi ve Manast\u0131r\u0131\u201d b\u00fcnyesinde \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc Kul\u00fcb\u00fc\u201d ad\u0131yla bir dernek kurdu ve ard\u0131ndan 1914\u2019te bir \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc Okulu\u201d a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in Osmanl\u0131 Devlet Kurumlar\u0131\u2019dan gerekli izinleri ald\u0131. Kimi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da bu \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcrel Otonomi\u201d \u00e7abalar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Bu \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc Okulu\u201dnda okutulmak \u00fczere\u00a0 \u201c\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\/ P\u0306at\u0306ara Kartuli Anbani\/ K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck G\u00fcrc\u00fc Alfabesi\u201d de haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Kimi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da destek verdi\u011fi \u0130stanbul merkezli Katolik H\u0131ristiyan G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bu \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcrel Otonomi\u201d \u00e7abalar\u0131, 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve seyri sebebiyle ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamaz.<\/p>\n Tek Parti H\u00fck\u00fcmetleri\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin di\u011fer anadillerine kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 asimilasyoncu politikalar, anadilleri \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u201dyi bilip konu\u015fanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla azalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr.\u00a0 Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kapitalist \u00fcretim ili\u015fkileri ile ileti\u015fimin geli\u015fimi ve \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcler\u201din\/ \u201c\u00c7veneburiler\u201din k\u00f6ylerinin de bu \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerine ve ileti\u015fimine h\u0131zla do\u011fal entegrasyonuyla anadilleri \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u201dyi bilen ve konu\u015fanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda daha da h\u0131zl\u0131 bir azalma olacakt\u0131. \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u201dyi konu\u015fanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131ndaki azalman\u0131n bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli sebebi de,\u00a0 1960\u2019lar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren s\u00fcresiz\/ s\u00fcreli yay\u0131nlar yapan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d\/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kendi anadillerini k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmseyerek sahip \u00e7\u0131kmamalar\u0131 ve yaln\u0131zca G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezlerinin savunuculu\u011funa soyunmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Oysa G\u00fcrcistan kendi mecras\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki bu \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d\/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan \u00f6nce de vard\u0131, onlardan sonra da var olacakt\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d\/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 havanda su d\u00f6vm\u00fc\u015f oldular.<\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131 \u00dclkesi\u2019ndeki\/ T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d\/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcrel Otonomi\u201d y\u00f6nelimli yay\u0131n, \u00e7aba ve m\u00fccadeleleri unutulur.1960\u2019lar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de\u00a0 \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d\/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilemez.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u201c\u00e7ok- partili\u201d sisteme ge\u00e7ilmesiyle birlikte, 1950\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren \u00c7erkes Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n\/ Kuzey Kafkasyal\u0131 Ayd\u0131nlar\u2019\u0131n dernekler kurmaya, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye ve s\u00fcreli yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerine ba\u015flamalar\u0131, e\u011fitim- \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ancak hem\u015fehrilik ili\u015fkileri i\u00e7indeki kimi \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d gen\u00e7lerini de derinden etkiler. Bu \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d gen\u00e7lerinin ne Osmanl\u0131 \u00dclkesi\u2019ndeki\/ T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d\/ \u00c7veneburi\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcrel Otonomi\u201d y\u00f6nelimli yay\u0131n, \u00e7aba ve m\u00fccadelelerinden, ne G\u00fcrc\u00fc Tarihi\u2019nden ve ne de \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc Alfabesi\u201dnden haberleri vard\u0131. Birbirlerinin varl\u0131klar\u0131ndan da habersiz bu \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d gen\u00e7lerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yollar\u0131 ilerde \u201cbir \u015fekilde\u201d kesi\u015fecek ve birbirleriyle tan\u0131\u015facaklard\u0131.<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 ilerleyen zaman diliminde, \u00a0\u00c7erkes Ayd\u0131nlar\u2019\u0131n\/ Kuzey Kafkasyal\u0131 Ayd\u0131nlar\u2019\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131klar\u0131 \u201cKafkasya-\u00a0 K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Dergi\u201d gibi s\u00fcreli yay\u0131nlarda \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcler hakk\u0131nda\u201d makaleler yazacak, sonra da kendileri s\u00fcreli\/ s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlar \u00e7\u0131kartacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar yazd\u0131klar\u0131 ve \u00c7erkes Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n\/ Kuzey Kafkasyal\u0131 Ayd\u0131nlar\u2019\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131klar\u0131 dergilerde yay\u0131nlatma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulduklar\u0131 makalelerinde olsun, daha sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde de bizzat kendilerinin \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcreli\/ s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131nlarda olsun, esas olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u00c7veneburilerin\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fclerin\u201d anadillerini ya\u015fatmak i\u00e7in de\u011fil, fakat yaln\u0131zca \u201cG\u00fcrcistan\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcrcistan Tarihi\u201d ve \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc Alfabesi\u201dni T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tan\u0131tmak i\u00e7in canla ba\u015fla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. \u00dcstelik bu yeni d\u00f6nem\u00a0 \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar, Osmanl\u0131 \u00dclkesi\u2019nde\/ T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kendilerinden \u00f6nce yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcrel Otonomi\u201d y\u00f6nelimli s\u00fcresiz yay\u0131n faaliyetlerinden de habersizdirler ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de anadilleri G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019yi ya\u015fatmak gibi de bir ama\u00e7lar\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, 1968\u2019de yeni bir yola girerler; \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 kitap yay\u0131mlarlar. Kitab\u0131n \u201c\u00d6ns\u00f6z\u201d\u00fcnde \u015fu c\u00fcmlelere de yer verilir:<\/p>\n \u201c(\u2026) G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Tiflis \u00dcniversitesinde de T\u00fcrkoloji okutulmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kom\u015fu t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131mak \u00e7abas\u0131 i\u00e7inde iken, burada b\u00f6yle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fte bu eksiklik y\u00fcz\u00fcnden G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcler hakk\u0131nda eksik ve yanl\u0131\u015f bilgilere sahip bulunulmaktad\u0131r. Biz bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zda G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan \u00fczerine bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara dayal\u0131 bir bilgi demeti sunmak istiyoruz. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma denemesidir. Haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken bir\u00e7ok g\u00fcvenilir bilimsel eserlerden yararlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, terc\u00fcmeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z bilimsel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olup, politik ama\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131mamaktad\u0131r. (\u2026)<\/p>\n Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamla, bar\u0131\u015fsever, konuksever, mert ve g\u00fczel insanlar ve zengin tabiat \u00fclkesi G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019a pencere a\u00e7arak oray\u0131 kandil ile ayd\u0131nlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. (\u2026)\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 bu kitap, bir yandan G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131, \u201cG\u00fcrcistan Tarihi\u2019ni ve \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc Alfabesi\u201dni tan\u0131t\u0131yor ve \u00f6v\u00fcyor, \u00f6te yandan da G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n SB\u2019nin\/ Sovyetistan\u2019\u0131n onbe\u015f birlik cumhuriyetinden biri oldu\u011funu unutarak, G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019da SB\/ Sovyetistan d\u00f6neminde yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kendisine has alfabesinin kullanmas\u0131na bile izin verildi\u011finden habersiz, fakat a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a \u201cRus\u201d, SB\/ \u201cSovyetistan\u201d ve\u00a0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\/ G\u00fcrcistan Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapar.<\/p>\n \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 kitap; \u201cKartveli\u201d terimini okuyucuya tan\u0131tma \u00e7abas\u0131na da girer. Bu terimin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u201ckendince\u201d anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Ancak \u201cKartveli\u201d teriminin ne zaman ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu terimin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde kimleri kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusuna a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getiremez. Buna ra\u011fmen, \u201cKartveli\u201d teriminin bilinmeyen zamanlardan beri \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d\/ \u201cGeorgian\u201d terimiyle e\u015f anlaml\u0131ym\u0131\u015f gibi de g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak Megrelleri, Lazlar\u0131 ve Svanlar\u0131 da yine bu bilinmeyen zamanlardan beri bu \u201cKartveli\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7ine katar. \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201dy\u00fc bazen \u201cKartveli\u201d ile e\u015f anlaml\u0131, bazen de \u201cKartveli\u201d boyu olarak g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n Bu konuyu \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131ndan (GKM)\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi\u201d \u00a0emaktar\u0131ndan Nevzat Kaya\u2019ya sordum. Nevzat Kaya \u015fu \u00f6nemli tespitlerde bulundu:<\/p>\n \u201cBizim atalar\u0131m\u0131z Kartvel kelimesini bilmezler. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o zaman b\u00f6yle bir adland\u0131rma yoktur. T\u00fcrkiyeli G\u00fcrc\u00fcler ve benim i\u00e7in Kartvel tan\u0131m\u0131; Laz-Megrel ve Svanlar\u0131 ink\u00e2r ve asimilasyonu i\u00e7eren bir durum s\u00f6z konusu olmasa, sorun te\u015fkil etmezdi. Ulusal bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na sahip biri de\u011filim. Fakat her ulusun bir ismi olaca\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, bunun ne oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fma konusu edilemez. Fakat bu Kartvel kavram\u0131, Laz-Megrel ve Svan karde\u015flerimizi ink\u00e2r ve asimilasyonunu i\u00e7erdi\u011fi i\u00e7in ve bu durum ortadan kalkmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kald\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece, Kartvel tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 hem kendi a\u00e7\u0131mdan kabul etmem, hem de kabul edilmemesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bildiririm, \u00e7aba harcar\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n Yine bu konuda \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131ndan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131-yazar Murat Kasap\u2019tan da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ald\u0131m. Murat Kasap da G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Lazlar\u0131n karde\u015fli\u011fine ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcce ve Lazca\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine vurgu yap\u0131yor:<\/p>\n \u201cBurada Laz G\u00fcrc\u00fc\u2019den, G\u00fcrc\u00fc Laz\u2019dan gelmi\u015ftir gibi polemikler ile u\u011fra\u015fmaktansa, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcze nas\u0131l ya\u015fat\u0131r\u0131z, dilimizi nas\u0131l koruruz, yeni nesillere aktar\u0131r\u0131z diye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131z. Burada ideolojiler bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kabul etmeyece\u011fi bir tak\u0131m diktalardan vazge\u00e7ip, g\u00f6\u00e7 eden atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n hat\u0131ralar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kmal\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7 eden Muhacirlerin dilek\u00e7elerini kitab\u0131m\u0131zda yay\u0131nlad\u0131k, g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ki onlar So\u011fuk Sava\u015f d\u00f6neminde bize dikta ettirilmek isteyen bir anlay\u0131\u015f \u00fczerine g\u00f6\u00e7 etmemi\u015fler. Bu hususlar da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak ifadelerimizi ona g\u00f6re kullanmal\u0131y\u0131z. Toplum ile ters d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fczde kabul g\u00f6rmeniz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r. K\u00f6yleri gezdi\u011fimiz zaman bunu net bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz; ahalinin bahsetti\u011finiz polemiklerle hi\u00e7 al\u00e2kas\u0131 yok.\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 kitap; Megreller, Lazlar, Svanlar ve Abhazlar gibi G\u00fcrc\u00fcler\u2019in de ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 topraklar\u0131n en az\u0131ndan yak\u0131n tarihte \u00f6nce \u201cSafev\u00ee\/ Pers\/ \u0130ran\u201d \u015eahlar\u0131 ile Osmanl\u0131 Sultanlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve h\u00e2kimiyet alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, sonra da \u201cSafev\u00ee\/ Pers\/ \u0130ran\u201d \u015eahlar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 Sultanlar\u0131 ve Rus \u00c7arlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve h\u00e2kimiyet alanlar\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlerden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131r. Megreller, Lazlar, Svanlar\u2019\u0131n taa tarihin ilk g\u00fcnlerinden beri \u201cKartveli\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d olduklar\u0131 ve \u201cSakartvelo\u201dda\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201dda ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6ne d\u00f6ne dile getirir. Modern \u201culus-devlet\u201d teorilerine \u00f6yk\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 kitap, G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin leh\u00e7eleri\u2019nden\/ diyalektlerinden hi\u00e7 s\u00f6z etmez. Bunun yerine G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019den farkl\u0131, ancak G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019ye karde\u015f olan dilleri, yani Lazca\u2019y\u0131, Megrelce\u2019yi ve Svanca\u2019y\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin leh\u00e7eleri\/ diyalektleri olarak l\u00e2nse etme \u00e7abas\u0131na girer.<\/p>\n \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 bu kitapla ba\u015flayan G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezlerinin aktar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki s\u00fcreli\/ s\u00fcresiz b\u00fct\u00fcn yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda da milim sapmadan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar devam ettirilir.<\/p>\n \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 bu kitap, zaman\u0131n T\u00fcrk ve \u00c7erkes Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019ndan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tepki g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Fahrettin K\u0131rz\u0131o\u011flu ve Osman \u00c7elik de makaleleriyle\u00a0 \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 bu kitab\u0131 ele\u015ftirirler. \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d okuyucular\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00c7erkes, Abhaz- Abaza, Laz okuyucu da \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 bu kitapta yaz\u0131lanlarla hayrete d\u00fc\u015fer. Kitap hakk\u0131nda dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Bir s\u00fcre sonra dava d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n Kitap hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan dava sebebiyle, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 sessizli\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcrler. Ancak bu d\u00f6nemde G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019dan kimi yazarlar\u0131n birka\u00e7 kitab\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evirirler ve yay\u0131mlat\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131,\u00a0 \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 kitaba gelen hakl\u0131\/ haks\u0131z ele\u015ftiri ve tepkilerden olduk\u00e7a \u00fcrkerler ve yay\u0131nlad\u0131klar\u0131 kitab\u0131 savunma cesareti g\u00f6steremezler. Mart 1977\u2019de, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de\u011fil, fakat \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019te, Stokholm\u2019de yeni bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 yaparlar. \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 (\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8)\/ \u201c\u00c7veneburi\/ (K\u0306ult\u0306uruli K\u0306rebuli)\u201d ad\u0131yla bir derginin ilk say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131mlarlar. \u201c\u00c7veneburi Kartveloji Dergisi, \u201c\u0130sve\u00e7 G\u00fcrc\u00fc K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi\u201dnin yay\u0131n organ\u0131d\u0131r. Derginin \u201c\u00c7\u0131karken\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde \u015fu sat\u0131rlara da ver verilir:<\/p>\n \u201c (\u2026) Avrupa ya da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fayan \u00e7ok say\u0131da T\u00fcrk okuyucu G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019dan s\u00f6z edecek T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bir dergi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 diliyorlar. Bu e\u011filimi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne alarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapt\u0131k. Sonunda elinizdeki bu dergiyi sunma\u011fa karar verdik. Dergimiz, politika yapmaks\u0131z\u0131n, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019\u0131n tarihi, edebiyat\u0131, sanat\u0131, sporu, folkloru, ekonomisinden karar\u0131nca bilgiler vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. Hangi \u00fclkeden olursa olsun, \u00c7VENEBUR\u0130, t\u00fcm Kartvelolog, Kafkasolog ve amat\u00f6r yazarlar\u0131n yaz\u0131lar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Dergimizde, G\u00fcrc\u00fc, ve Laz\u2019lardan ba\u015fka \u00c7erkes, Abhaz ve \u00f6b\u00fcr karde\u015f halklara de\u011fin yaz\u0131lara olanaklar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde yer verilecektir. (\u2026)\u201d<\/p>\n \u201c\u0130sve\u00e7 G\u00fcrc\u00fc K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi\u201dnin yay\u0131n organ\u0131\u00a0 \u201c\u00c7veneburi Kafkasoloji Dergisi\u201dnin 2-3. birle\u015fik say\u0131s\u0131 1977\u2019de ve 4-5. birle\u015fik say\u0131s\u0131 da 1978\u2019de yine Stokholm\u2019de yay\u0131mlan\u0131r. Daha sonra \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201dnin 6-7. Birle\u015fik say\u0131s\u0131 1979\u2019da Bursa merkezli olarak \u0130stanbul\u2019da yay\u0131mlan\u0131r. Derginin \u0130stanbul\u2019da yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada \u015f\u00f6yle denir:<\/p>\n \u201cSay\u0131n Okuyucu,<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d Dergisi, yay\u0131n hayat\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1977 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri d\u00fczenli olmamakla birlikte aral\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bildi\u011finiz gibi, \u0130sve\u00e7te bas\u0131l\u0131yor, oradan da T\u00fcrkiye, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan, Almanya, Fransa, Amerika vb. \u00fclkelere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yordu. Okuyucusunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kesimi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulundu\u011fundan posta \u00fccreti \u00e7ok tutuyordu. Bu ve benzeri nedenlerle bundan b\u00f6yle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131na karar verildi. (\u2026)<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk, G\u00fcrc\u00fc ve Kuzey Kafkasyal\u0131 okuyucular\u0131m\u0131z aras\u0131nda devrimci bir yol izlememizi \u00f6nerenler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ne var ki \u00e7o\u011fu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yay\u0131n olmak hususundaki tutumumuzu onaylayarak takdir ve te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerini belirtmektedirler.<\/p>\n Bu vesileyle bir kez daha vurgulamak isteriz ki kom\u015fumuz G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131 ve olanaklar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde \u00f6b\u00fcr Kafkas Halklar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel y\u00f6nlerden tan\u0131tmaktan ba\u015fka bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncemiz yoktur. (\u2026)\u201d<\/p>\n 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980 Asker\u00ee Darbesi bir\u00e7ok yay\u0131n organ\u0131 gibi \u201c\u00c7veneburi Dergisi\u201dnin yay\u0131nlama \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 da ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980\u2019den ba\u015flamak \u00fczere SB\/ Sovyetistan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre boyunca, neredeyse on \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l gibi bir s\u00fcre boyunca \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 sessizli\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n 14 A\u011fustos 1992\u2019de \u201cG\u00fcrcistan-Abkhazya Sava\u015f\u0131\u201dn\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve yine 1992\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Laz Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u201cLaz Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u201dn\u00fcn kurulu\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na giri\u015fmesi, \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131 \u201c\u00c7veneburi Dergisi\u201dni 13 y\u0131l sonra, 1993\u2019de yeniden \u00e7\u0131kartmaya y\u00f6neltir.<\/p>\n \u201c\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\/ \u00c7veneburi\/ K\u0306ult\u0306uruli K\u0306rebuli\/ \u00c7veneburi K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Dergi\u2019nin 1.(8.) Ocak- \u015eubat birle\u015fik say\u0131s\u0131 on \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra, 1993\u2019de Bursa merkezli olarak yay\u0131mlan\u0131r. Ancak SB\/ Sovyetistan y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra yay\u0131mlanabilen \u201c\u00c7veneburi Dergisi\u201dnin bu say\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u201c\u00c7\u0131karken\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131da \u015fu sat\u0131rlara da yer verilir:<\/p>\n \u201c\u015eanver AKIN (Tevzadze)nin giri\u015fimi ile \u0130sve\u00e7 G\u00fcrc\u00fc Derne\u011fi yay\u0131n organ\u0131 olarak 1977\u2019de 1\u2019inci say\u0131s\u0131, ayn\u0131 y\u0131l 2\u2019nci ve 3.\u00fcnc\u00fc say\u0131lar\u0131 bir arada, 1978\u2019de 4\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc ve 5\u2019inci say\u0131lar\u0131 bir arada ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak yay\u0131nlanan \u00c7veneburi Dergisi, son olarak (Sahibi ve sorumlu y\u00f6netmeni) Ahmet \u00d6ZKAN (Mela\u015fvili) taraf\u0131ndan 6\u2019nc\u0131 ve 7\u2019nci say\u0131lar\u0131 bir arada 1979\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019da bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (\u2026)<\/p>\n De\u011ferli baz\u0131 hem\u015fehrilerimizin katk\u0131lar\u0131 ile haz\u0131rlanan; G\u00fcrc\u00fc k\u00f6kenli T.C. vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc, kula\u011f\u0131 ve sesi olacak \u00c7VENEBUR\u0130\u2019nin kap\u0131lar\u0131, t\u00fcm profesyonel ve amat\u00f6r yazar, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, \u015fair, derlemeci ve \u00e7evirmenlere a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n 13 y\u0131l aradan sonra, yine birlikte olabilmenin heyecan\u0131 ve sevincini payla\u015fmaya ne dersiniz?..<\/p>\n Olduk\u00e7a uzun s\u00fcren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan sonra bizler ancak haz\u0131rlanabildik. Peki, ya sizler?.. (\u2026)<\/p>\n Sistemin farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklanan 70 y\u0131ll\u0131k kahrolas\u0131 duvarlar y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u2026 (\u2026)<\/p>\n Bizlere d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00f6rev, atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n devleti ile bizim devletimiz aras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc dostluk ili\u015fkilerinin kurulmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmakt\u0131r. (\u2026)\u201d<\/p>\n \u201c\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\/ \u00c7veneburi\/ K\u0306ult\u0306uruli K\u0306rebuli\/ \u00c7veneburi K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Dergi, 1993\/ 2-3. say\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren \u0130stanbul merkezli olarak yay\u0131mlan\u0131r ve art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de internet yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na paralel olarak da 2006\u2019da \u00e7\u0131kan 58-59. say\u0131s\u0131yla yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 sonland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n (Yeni) \u00c7veneburi K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Dergi\u2019nin 1993\/ 1.(8.) Ocak- \u015eubat birle\u015fik say\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019yi Nereden Biliyorsun?\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makale,\u00a0 kendilerine yaln\u0131zca G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131 tan\u0131tma rol\u00fc bi\u00e7en \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olduklar\u0131n\u0131 da bilmeden g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir di\u011fer s\u00fcreli yay\u0131n \u201c\u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u201d\/ Mamuli K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Dergi\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. Mamuli K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Dergi\u201d, 1997\u2019den 1998\u2019e kadar \u0130stanbul merkezli olarak yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n \u201cMamuli K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Dergi\u201dnin 1. say\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fu sat\u0131rlara yer veriliyor:<\/p>\n \u201c \u2026 \u00c7veneburi, 1977 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019te \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve son say\u0131s\u0131 1979\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019da bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Ocak 1993\u2019de yeniden yay\u0131mlanan \u00c7veneburi, eski \u00c7veneburi\u2019nin miras\u0131n\u0131 devralm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n \u015eimdi ilk say\u0131s\u0131yla tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z Mamuli, bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr dergisi olarak yay\u0131mlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n G\u00fcrc\u00fc K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n yerli halklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131tmay\u0131 da ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. \u00dc\u00e7 ayda bir yay\u0131mlanacak olan Mamuli, Kafkasya\u2019daki siyasal geli\u015fmelere de \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutacak yaz\u0131lara da yer verecek.\u201d<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 son s\u00fcreli yay\u0131n \u201c\u10e4\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\/ Pirosmani\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u201c\u10e4\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\/ Pirosmani\u201d 2007\u2019den 2010\u2019a kadar (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019da konu\u015fulan Kartli (Kartluri\/ \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8) leh\u00e7esi\/ diyalekti ile) iki dilli olarak yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/p>\n Artvin\u2019de yerli olan G\u00fcrc\u00fcler, G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin \u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\/ \u0130merkhevi leh\u00e7esini\/ diyalektini;\u00a0 93 muhaciri \u201c\u00c7veneburiler\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcler\u201d ise, G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin \u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\/ A\u00e7\u0306ara leh\u00e7esini\/ diyalektini konu\u015fmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u201c\u00c7veneburi Dergisi\u201d de, \u201cMamuli Dergisi\u201d de, \u201cPirosmani Dergisi\u201d de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de konu\u015fulan G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin bu leh\u00e7elerini\/ diyalektlerini yok saym\u0131\u015f ve yaln\u0131zca G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da konu\u015fulan\u00a0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\/ Kartluri leh\u00e7esiyle\/ diyalektiyle G\u00fcrc\u00fcce metinler yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; \u00fcstelik de T\u00fcrkiye \u201c\u00c7veneburileri\u201dne\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcleri\u201dne tamamen yabanc\u0131 olan \u201cKartuli Anbani\u201d\/ G\u00fcrc\u00fc Alfabesi\u2019yle!<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, 1968\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d adl\u0131 kitapla ba\u015flayarak \u201c\u00c7veneburi Dergisi\u201dnde de, \u201cMamuli Dergisi\u201dnde, \u201cPirosmani Dergisi\u201dnde de hep ayn\u0131 \u00e7izginin temsilcisi oldular; izledikleri yay\u0131n politikas\u0131nda \u201cRus\u201d ve \u201cSovyet D\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201dn\u0131 hep \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131lar. SB\/ Sovyetistan\u2019\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan sonra G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u2019da haklar\u0131n\u0131 arayan Abhaz, Megrel ve Laz Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131 da \u201cRuslar\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6l-y\u00f6net politikas\u0131\u201dn\u0131n kuklalar\u0131 olarak yaftalad\u0131lar. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de di\u011fer halklarla birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 unutarak, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin demokratikle\u015fmesine ve \u201cHalklar\u0131n Karde\u015fli\u011fi\u201dne ger\u00e7ek anlamda katk\u0131 sa\u011flamak yerine, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih tezlerinin de temsilcili\u011fini \u00fcstlendiler.<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, izledikleri yay\u0131n \u00e7izgisiyle, yaln\u0131zca T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Kuzey Kafkasya K\u00f6kenli Ayd\u0131nlar\/ \u00c7erkes Ayd\u0131nlar\/ Abkhaz Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 ile kendi aralar\u0131nda cidd\u00ee husumet yaratmakla kalmad\u0131lar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Laz Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 da kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na ald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131; G\u00fcrc\u00fcler, Lazlar, Megreller ve Svanlar akraba halklar olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Lazlar\u0131, Megrelleri ve Svanlar\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fc boyu olarak g\u00f6sterip yok sayd\u0131lar. G\u00fcrc\u00fc Dili, Laz Dili, Megrel Dili ve Svan Dili akraba diller olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Laz Dili\u2019ni, Megrel Dili\u2019ni ve Svan Dili\u2019ni G\u00fcrc\u00fc Dili\u2019nin \u00f6nemsiz leh\u00e7eleri\/ diyalektleri, k\u00f6y\/ ev konu\u015fmas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterip k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsediler. Lazca ve Megrelce\u2019nin G\u00fcrcistan Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde bir zamanlar \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcrel Otonomi\u201dye sahip dillerden oldu\u011funa da g\u00f6rmezden geldiler. Bu K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Otonomileri; \u201cRuslar\u0131n, G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ulusunu b\u00f6lme pl\u00e2n\u0131\u201d olarak itibars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar.<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de konu\u015fulan ve kendi anadilleri olan \u0130merkhevi ve A\u00e7\u0306ara leh\u00e7elerini\/ diyalektlerini ya\u015fatmak bir yana, g\u00f6rmezden geldiler. G\u00f6rmek istemedikleri yaln\u0131zca G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin \u0130merkhevi ve A\u00e7\u0306ara leh\u00e7eleri\/ diyalektleri de\u011fildi. G\u00fcrc\u00fcce\u2019nin Mokhevuri\/ Moxevuri\/ \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, Mtiulur-Gudamaqruli\/ \u10db\u10d7\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10e3\u10e0-\u10d2\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e7\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, Khevsuri \/Xevsuruli\/ \u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, P\u015favuri\/ \u10e4\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, Tu\u015furi\/ \u10d7\u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, Kakhuri (K\u0306axuri\/ \u10d9\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, \u0130ngilouri\/ \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, Fereidnuli\/ \u0444\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d8\u10d3\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, Tianeturi\/ \u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8,\u00a0 Cavaxuri\/ \u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, Meskhuri\/Mesxuri\/ \u10db\u10d4\u10e1\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, Guruli\/ \u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8,\u00a0\u00a0\u0130meruli\/ \u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, Ra\u00e7uli\/Ra\u00e7\u0306uli, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ed\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 leh\u00e7elerini de\/ diyalektlerini de g\u00f6rmek istemediler\u00a0 \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n \u201c\u00c7veneburi\u201d\/ \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde internetin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131yla daha ziyade sanal yay\u0131nlara y\u00f6neldiler. Bu internet yay\u0131nlardan ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n \u201cchveneburi.net, gurcukulturevi.com, gurcu.org, gdd.org.tr, gurcistandernegi.org.tr, tetripiala.wordpress.com.<\/p>\n G\u00fcrc\u00fcler hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmek istiyorsan\u0131z, Ahmet \u00d6zkan Mela\u015fvili\u2019nin \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u201d(K.Y.), Parna- Beka \u00c7ila\u015fvili\/ Fahrettin \u00c7ilo\u011flu\u2019nun \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fclerin Tarihi\u201d (Ant),\u00a0 \u0130smetzade Doktor Mehmet Arif<\/a>\u2019in \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc K\u00f6yleri\u201d (Sinatle), Eugenio Dallegio D\u2019Allesio\u2019nun \u201c\u0130stanbul G\u00fcrc\u00fcleri\u201d (Sinatle),\u00a0David Marshall Lang<\/a>\u2019\u0131n \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fcler\u201d (Ceylan), Sandro \u0130bereli\u2019nin \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc Halk\u0131n\u0131n Tarihi\u201d(Cinius), \u015eanver Ak\u0131n\/ \u015ealva Tevzadze\/ Sandro \u0130bereli\/ Saba Artvineli\u2019nin \u201cSandro\u2019nun Hayat\u0131\u201d (Cinius), Ramaz Surmanidze\u2019nin \u201cMustafa Yakut\/ Guram Him\u015fia\u015fvili\u201d, Fahrettin K\u0131rz\u0131o\u011flu\u2019nun \u201cOsmanl\u0131lar\u2019\u0131n Kafkas Elleri\u2019ni Fethi\u201d (TTK), Zaza Tsurtsumia\u2019n\u0131n\u201cOsmanl\u0131- Rusya \u0130li\u015fkilerinde Abhazya\u201d (Yeditepe),\u00a0Valiko Paculiya<\/a>\u2019n\u0131n \u201c2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda Abhazya\u201d(Apra), Sel\u00e7uk S\u0131ms\u0131m\u2019\u0131n \u201cAbazalar\u0131n Politik Tarihi\u201d (Apra), Hayri Ersoy\u2019un \u201c\u00c7erkes Tarihi\u201d (T\u00fcmzamanlar) ile \u201cDili Edebiyat\u0131 ve Tarihi ile \u00c7erkesler\u201d (Nart),\u00a0\u00a0Gerg Am\u0131cba<\/a>\u2019n\u0131n \u201cOrta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da Abhazlar Lazlar\u201d (Nart), Murat Kasap\u2019\u0131n \u201c93 Harbi Batum Muhacirleri\u201d(G\u00fcrcistan D. D.),\u00a0 Yunus Zeyrek\u2019in \u201cAcaristan ve Acarlar\u201d, Taner G\u00f6kdemir\u2019in \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l Acaristan Salnamesi (1922) G\u00fcneybat\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019da Tarih Kimlik ve \u0130deoloji\u201d ve Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz\u2019\u0131n \u201cDo\u011fu Karadenizde Resm\u00ee \u0130deolojiler Ku\u015fatmas\u0131\u201d(Belge) ile \u201cLaz Ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 ve Sorumluluk\u201d (Sorun) adl\u0131 kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 mutlaka edinmeli, okumal\u0131 ve kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda da bulundurmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n Bir sonraki makalemde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere sa\u011fl\u0131cakla kal\u0131n.<\/p>\n (29 III 2020)<\/p>\n NOT: Al\u0131nt\u0131lar belirtilen kaynaklar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi aktar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ali İhsan Aksamaz Bu makalemde sizlere Türkiye’deki “Çveneburi”\/ “Gürcü” Aydınları tarafından yayımlanmış süreli\/ süresiz yayınlar ve içerikleri ile “Kültürel Otonomi” yönelimli faaliyetleri hakkında kısaca bilgi vereceğim. Gürcüler; Megreller, Lazlar, Svanlar ve Abhazlar gibi “Trans\/ Kafkasya”nın yerli halklarındandır. (16. yüzyılda) Gürcüler’in yaşadıkları topraklar da “Safevî\/ Pers\/ İran” Şahları ile Osmanlı Sultanları’nın çatışma ve hâkimiyet alanları içinde 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