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Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong><\/p>\n Lazca a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan \u201cLazik\u0306a Yay\u0131n Kollektifi,\u201d Lazca ve Laz kimli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir kitab\u0131 daha okuyucuyla bulu\u015fturdu: \u201cOxesapu\u015fi Supara\u201d. \u10e1\u10dd\u10ee\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\/ Sukhumi\u2019de 1933\u2019de iki cilt halinde bas\u0131lan kitaplar, \u201cLazika Yay\u0131n Kollektifi\u201d taraf\u0131ndan t\u0131pk\u0131bas\u0131m olarak bir arada yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f. Abhazya ve\u00a0Acaristan\u2019daki Laz k\u00f6ylerinde e\u011fitim vermi\u015f Laz okullar\u0131nda kullanmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f kitaplar\u0131n orijinalleri ilk olarak Abhazya devlet matbaas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n Bu kitap, hem pedagojik hem de o y\u0131llar\u0131n \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerine katk\u0131 sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Kitab\u0131 N. Popova, Rus\u00e7a a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f. \u201cOxesapu\u015fi Supara\u201d ad\u0131yla ilk bask\u0131s\u0131 Sukhumi\u2019de yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bu Lazca kitap, \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. O zamana kadar Lazcada kullan\u0131lmayan \u00e7e\u015fitli terimlerin ilk kez bu kitapta kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 kitab\u0131n bir di\u011fer \u00f6zelli\u011fi. \u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\/ \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi, SBKP (B) \u00fcyesi bir partili ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi (Abhazya ve Acaristan) Laz Okullar\u0131 direkt\u00f6r\u00fcyd\u00fc. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda Lazlar\u0131n ana dili okullar\u0131 vard\u0131. Ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00f6relerde ana dili dersleri de g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlard\u0131. \u201cLazika Yay\u0131n Kollektifi\u201dnin yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cOxesapu\u015fi Supara\u201d, o y\u0131llarda \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ad\u0131yla yay\u0131nlanan bir dizi Lazca okul kitab\u0131ndan yaln\u0131zca bir tanesi. \u201cAlboni\u201d (\u201cLaz Alfabesi\u201d) , \u201cOk\u0306itxu\u015feni Supara\u201d (\u201cOkuma Kitab\u0131\u201d- Fen Bilgisi, Sosyal Bilgiler, Yurtta\u015fl\u0131k\u00a0Bilgisi\u201d) ve \u201c\u00c7kuni \u00c7hara\/ \u00c7\u0306ara\u201d (\u201cBizim Yaz\u0131m\u0131z- Lazca\u201d) bu kitaplar aras\u0131nda bilinenlerdir. Sosyalizmin in\u015fas\u0131 d\u00f6neminde, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde do\u011fan Laz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na pedagojik esaslara uygun olarak ve \u00fcretim i\u00e7in e\u011fitim felsefesinden hareketle bu kitaplar haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f. Ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00f6relerde \u00fcretken birer Sovyet Yurtta\u015f\u0131 olmalar\u0131 hedeflenmi\u015f.<\/p>\n 28 Aral\u0131k 1936\u2019da Abhazya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Abhaz \u00f6nder \u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10da\u10d0\u10d9\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \/Nestor Lakoba \u015faibeli bir \u015fekilde \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bundan sonra SBKP i\u00e7indeki di\u011fer \u00f6nc\u00fc Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 gibi \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin de T\u00fcrk ajan\u0131 ve halk d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 ilan edilmesi ve tasfiyeleriyle ba\u015flayan d\u00f6nemde Lazlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haklar\u0131 da ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Daha sonraki d\u00f6nemde hem Abhazya hem de Acaristan Lazlar\u0131 n\u00fcfuslara \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc\u201d olarak kaydedildi. Bu uygulamalar Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin resmi uygulamalar\u0131 haline geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131; konu\u015fulamad\u0131. Ancak 15 Ekim 1997 tarihinde Abhazya Parlamentosu ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararla Lazlar\u0131n itibarlar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0iadesini istedi ve d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131lar\u0131, g\u00fcndeme gelememelerinde \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Ancak Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n kapal\u0131 bir toplum \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131 ana dillerini Rus\u00e7an\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bug\u00fcne kadar aktif olarak ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131. 1991 sonunda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc. Ancak Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin Lazlara y\u00f6nelik resm\u00ee ideolojisini, bu kez G\u00fcrcistan devrald\u0131: \u201cLazlar G\u00fcrc\u00fcd\u00fcr; Lazca G\u00fcrc\u00fccenin bir a\u011f\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. Lazca ile e\u011fitim olmaz. Lazca ile en fazla \u015fark\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirsiniz.\u201d<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye Lazlar\u0131n\u0131n durumu daha da vahimdir. Laz kimli\u011fi 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llardan itibaren yok say\u0131ld\u0131. Lazca konu\u015fmak yasakland\u0131. Okullarda Lazca konu\u015fan \u00e7ocuklar, yak\u0131n zamanlara kadar \u015fiddete ve bask\u0131ya maruz kald\u0131. \u201cT\u00fcrk\u201d egemenleri Laz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ana dillerini unutmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyordu. 1980\u2019lerden itibaren \u015fiddet ve bask\u0131ya da gerek kalmad\u0131. Zira elektrik ve onunla birlikte radyo-televizyon yay\u0131nlar\u0131 en \u00fccra k\u00f6\u015felere kadar ula\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u201cT\u00fcrk\u201d egemenleri epey yol alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ancak tamamen ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1990\u2019lardan itibaren, bunu g\u00f6ren Laz ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 dillerini, kimliklerini gelece\u011fe ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in Lazcaya sar\u0131ld\u0131lar. Lazcaya dikkat \u00e7ekip \u00f6zendirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fte b\u00fct\u00fcn bu geli\u015fmeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, \u201cOxesapu\u015fi Supara\u201dn\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip. \u00d6ncelikle Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Lazlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haklar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemi tescil etmekle kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda Lazca ana dili derslerinin ve e\u011fitiminin de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bu kitap, b\u00f6ylelikle de hem G\u00fcrcistan hem de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ink\u00e2rc\u0131- asimilasyoncu resm\u00ee ideoloji ve resm\u00ee tarih politikalar\u0131na da son vermesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi de ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00dcmit ederiz bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar Lazca \u0130ncil-i \u015eerif ve Lazca K\u2019uran\u0131 Kerim\u2019in de yay\u0131nlanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcjdecisi olur.<\/p>\n [Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz<\/strong>, \u201cLazca ile en fazla \u015fark\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirsiniz(!)\u201d, demokrathaber.org, 09. V. 2012]<\/p>\n [\u00d6nerilen okumalar<\/strong>: “Abhazya Parlamentosu\u2019nun A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131”, Apsadg\u0131l Derne\u011fi\u2019nin Abhazca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131nlanan yay\u0131n organ\u0131 \u201cAbazamy\u00fca\u201dn\u0131n 2 (3) nolu say\u0131s\u0131\/ Aktaran: \u201cKafkasya Yaz\u0131lar\u0131\u201d, say\u0131 6, \u00c7iviyaz\u0131lar\u0131 Yay\u0131nevi, \u0130stanbul, 1999\/ sonhaber.ch\/ circassiancenter.com.tr; Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz, “Laz Kimlik M\u00fccadelesinde \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi\u2019nin \u00d6nemi”, yusufbulut.com\/ sonhaber.ch\/ circassiancenter.com.tr, 14 IV 2013; Ali \u0130hsan Aksamaz, “Sovyet Lazlar\u0131 Halk \u00d6nderi \u0130skender Tzita\u015fi ve Solun Ezberini Bozan Mektuplar\u0131”, sonhaber.ch\/ circassiancenter.com.tr\/ gurcuhaber.com, 5. XII. 2013; Nuri Bagaps, (\u00c7eviren: Anri \u00c7ediya) \u201c20. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda ve 21. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n Ba\u015f\u0131nda Abhazya\u2019da Laz N\u00fcfusu: Demografik Durum ve Yerle\u015fim Co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6zellikler\/ The Laz Population in Abkhazia in the 20th Century and Beginning of the 21st Century: Demographic Situation and Features of the Geographic Settlement\u201d, Kafkasya Cal\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u2013 Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi \/ Journal of Caucasian Studies May\u0131s 2021 \/ May 2021, Y\u0131l \/ Vol. 6, \u2116 12\/ dergipark.org.tr; \u00d6nder Acar: \u201cO\u00e7am\u00e7ire\u2019deki Laz Okulu\u2019nda da \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f anneannem!\u201d, gurcuhaber.com\/ sonhaber.ch\/ \u00a0 circassiancenter.com, 11 X 2019]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ali İhsan Aksamaz Lazca ağırlıklı çalışmalarıyla tanınan “Lazik̆a Yayın Kollektifi,” Lazca ve Laz kimliği açısından çok önemli bir kitabı daha okuyucuyla buluşturdu: “Oxesapuşi Supara”. სოხუმი\/ Sukhumi’de 1933’de iki cilt halinde basılan kitaplar, “Lazika Yayın Kollektifi” tarafından tıpkıbasım olarak bir arada yayınlanmış. Abhazya ve Acaristan’daki Laz köylerinde eğitim vermiş Laz okullarında kullanmak için hazırlanmış kitapların orijinalleri ilk 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