![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUYURUN-SIZE-TARIHI-BELGE-b.png\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Dr. ME\u015eFE\u015e’\u00dc Necdet Hatam<\/strong><\/p>\n 20.12.2010 tarihinde, \u201cYanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile CC\u2019de payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m, daha sonra \u201cT\u00fcrkiyeli \u00c7erkes \u00c7emberi\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131mda da yer bulan yaz\u0131daki de\u011ferlendirmemi neredeyse noktas\u0131 virg\u00fcl\u00fcne kadar do\u011frulayan bir belge. Eseri, say\u0131n yazara haber veren, yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan, izin veren ki\u015fi ve kurumlarla birlikte ve elbette Say\u0131n Mustafa \u00d6zsaray\u2019a te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerimi sunuyor, tarihimizi, biri kapal\u0131 olarak de\u011fil, her iki g\u00f6z\u00fc de a\u00e7\u0131k olarak inceleyecekler i\u00e7in ufuk a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 inanc\u0131 ile alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi\u011fim b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri sunuyorum: – \u2018En g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmak, ko\u015fullar elvermiyorsa, bir di\u011ferinin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek\u2019 D\u00fcnya, D\u00fcnya olal\u0131 beri, b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerin evrensel, temel ilkesidir.<\/p>\n – G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnya g\u00fc\u00e7leri nas\u0131l ki d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerinde, kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00f6lge halklar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 \u00f6nemsemeden sava\u015f\u0131yor, halklar\u0131 da sava\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorlarsa, d\u00f6neminde Kafkasya\u2019da as\u0131l sava\u015fanlar, yok olmas\u0131 pahas\u0131na bizleri sava\u015ft\u0131ranlar d\u00f6nemin d\u00fcnya g\u00fc\u00e7leri idi.<\/p>\n – Halklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kaderini \u00e7izen b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7ler aras\u0131ndaki antla\u015fmalar\u0131n hi\u00e7birinde Kafkas halklar\u0131ndan birinden birinin imzas\u0131n\u0131n olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131 sav\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n en kesin kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bir\u00e7ok tarih\u00e7inin belirtti\u011fi gibi bu devletler. Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman \u00f6zne olarak kabul etmemi\u015f hep nesne olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n – Sava\u015f\u0131n as\u0131l nedeni, \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fleme, en b\u00fcy\u00fck olma temel kural\u0131 gere\u011fince s\u0131cak denizlere inme, Hindistan ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irme ve say\u0131labilecek daha bir \u00e7ok nedenle Kafkasya\u2019y\u0131, \u00f6zellikle de Kuzey-Bat\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019y\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmek istemesidir.<\/p>\n – Osmanl\u0131, \u0130ran, \u0130ngiltere, Almanya ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n as\u0131l amac\u0131 \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015flemesini, b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini \u00f6nlemektir. Ba\u015flarda Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131n Rusya\u2019y\u0131 durdurabilece\u011fi san\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yard\u0131m edilir gibi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak Rusya\u2019y\u0131 Kafkasya\u2019da durdurman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde de savunma hatt\u0131 olarak Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7mi\u015flerdir. B\u00f6ylece Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n – Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile sava\u015f\u0131n son bulmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nce, \u00f6zellikle Kuzey-Bat\u0131 Kafkasya halklar\u0131n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrmek planlar\u0131 ve antla\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00d6zetle \u00c7erkes’siz bir Kuzey-Bat\u0131 Kafkasya ama\u00e7layan \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya\u2019s\u0131 itmi\u015f, bu co\u011frafyadaki insanlar\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcne ihtiyac\u0131 olan Osmanl\u0131 Devleti \u00e7ekmi\u015f, g\u00fcc\u00fc takviye edilmeyen Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Rusya\u2019n\u0131n daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini engelleyemeyece\u011fi tehlikesini g\u00f6ren Avrupa \u00fclkeleri de s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc desteklemi\u015flerdir\u201d. \u201c\u00d6NS\u00d6Z<\/p>\n Osmanl\u0131 ile \u00c7erkesler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler \u00fczerine Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminden kalma ar\u015fiv belgelerinin olduk\u00e7a fazla olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen yazma ve matbu eserler maalesef \u00e7ok az say\u0131dad\u0131r. Bunlar aras\u0131nda \u201cAhv\u00e2l-i Anapa ve \u00c7erkes\u201d ad\u0131yla tarih literat\u00fcr\u00fcne ge\u00e7en yazma eser gerek Osmanl\u0131 gerekse Kafkasya tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok de\u011ferlidir. Ferah Ali Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n k\u00e2tibi Kesbi lakapl\u0131 Ha\u015fim Mehmet Efendi’nin anlat\u0131mlar\u0131na dayanmas\u0131 sebebiyle onun ismiyle k\u00fct\u00fcphane kay\u0131tlar\u0131na ge\u00e7en bu eserin yazar\u0131 belli de\u011fildir. Bu k\u0131ymetli eseri kaleme alan ki\u015finin bizatihi Ha\u015fim Efendi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131n son paragraf\u0131ndaki \u015fu ifadeden de anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r: \u201c\u015eeyh Ferah Ali Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n tedbir ve idaresi hakk\u0131nda H\u00e2ceg\u00e2n-\u0131 Div\u00e2n-\u0131 H\u00fcm\u00fc\u00e2y\u00fcn’dan ve halen \u015fehremini olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Cavit Ahmet Beyefendi’nin yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan bilgi sahibi oldum. Onlar\u0131 Kesbi Ha\u015fim Efendi’den sordu\u011fumda yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde anlatt\u0131. Bu eser onun tarifi \u00fczere kaydedilip yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u201d \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmak bizden tevfik Allah’tand\u0131r. Dr. MEŞFEŞ’Ü Necdet Hatam 20.12.2010 tarihinde, “Yanlışlığın Yalnızlığı” başlığı ile CC’de paylaştığım, daha sonra “Türkiyeli Çerkes Çemberi” adlı kitabımda da yer bulan yazıdaki değerlendirmemi neredeyse noktası virgülüne kadar doğrulayan bir belge. Eseri, sayın yazara haber veren, yardımcı olan, izin veren kişi ve kurumlarla birlikte ve elbette Sayın Mustafa Özsaray’a teşekkürlerimi sunuyor, tarihimizi, biri kapalı olarak 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\n\u00d6nce benim de\u011ferlendirmem:
\n\u201cBizce olay\u0131n \u00f6zeti birka\u00e7 c\u00fcmle ile \u015fudur:<\/p>\n
\n\u015eimdi de daha sonra bir da bir\u00e7ok pasaj\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fabilece\u011fimizi umdu\u011fum yap\u0131t\u0131n \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcnden al\u0131nt\u0131lar:<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BUYURUN-SIZE-TARIHI-BELGE-c.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n(\u2026)
\nTopkap\u0131 Saray\u0131 K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi Hazine fonunun 1564 numaras\u0131nda kay\u0131tl\u0131 bu eserde Osmanl\u0131 ve Kafkasya siyasi tarihine ait \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetli bilgi ve yorumlar mevcuttur. Kitap bunun yan\u0131nda \u00c7erkes ve Abazalar\u0131n sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel y\u0430\u0440\u0131l\u0430r\u0131n\u0430 dair olduk yararl\u0131 bilgileri i\u00e7ermektedir. Kitab\u0131n yaz\u0131m\u0131 27 Cemaziyelevvvel 1213 (6 Kas\u0131m 1798) tarihinde tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n(\u2026)
\nEser Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin \u0130stanbul’u ele ge\u00e7irmek ve s\u0131cak denizlere inmek amac\u0131yla s\u00fcrekli ilerleyen ve son olarak K\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek kendi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit etmeye ba\u015flayan Ruslar\u0131 \u00c7erkesya\u2019da durdurma giri\u015fimlerini konu edinmektedir. Ku\u015fkusuz Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin Anapa merkezli \u00c7erkesya topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki n\u00fcfuz m\u00fccadelesi san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bu kitab\u0131n ana eksenini te\u015fkil eden Ferah Ali Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n faaliyetleri ile ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ondan daha \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemlere ait askeri, siyasi ve diplomatik ili\u015fkilerin var oldu\u011fu Osmanl\u0131 Ar\u015fivi kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Fatih Sultan Mehmet d\u00f6nemine kadar uzanan bu ili\u015fkilere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 ile \u00c7erkesya halklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda zaman zaman \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar olsa da dostane ba\u011flar\u0131n olduk\u00e7a kuvvetli oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.
\n(\u2026)
\nFerah Ali Pa\u015fa \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemde Osmanl\u0131-Kafkas ili\u015fkilerinin temelinde ileri gelen Kafkas \u00fcmera ve ulemas\u0131na birtak\u0131m hediyeler verme ve maa\u015f ba\u011flama tedbirleri uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun amac\u0131 Kafkas kabilelerinin g\u00f6n\u00fcllerini alarak kendi yan\u0131na \u00e7ekmektir. Benzer y\u00f6ntemlere Ruslar\u0131n ba\u015f vurdu\u011fu da bilinmektedir.
\nK\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131n Rusya’n\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mesiyle tela\u015fa kap\u0131lan Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, \u00c7erkes ileri gelenlerinin g\u00f6n\u00fcllerini alarak kendi yan\u0131na \u00e7ekme \u015feklindeki politikas\u0131na ilaveten Ferah Ali Pa\u015fa ile b\u00f6lgeye hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r miktarda askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 yerle\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu harek\u00e2t\u0131n ana unsuru Anapa’da bir \u00fcs olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r. \u00dcss\u00fcn kurulmas\u0131yla birlikte Osmanl\u0131, \u00c7erkes halklar\u0131n\u0131 Rusya’ya kar\u015f\u0131 askeri ve m\u00fclki y\u00f6nden kendine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu politikan\u0131n amac\u0131 yeni topraklar kazanmaya y\u00f6nelik bir fetihten ziyade Anadolu’yu koruma endi\u015fesidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde savunma a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 politikalar izlemeye mecbur kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Devletin stratejisi Anadolu \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir \u00c7erkes seddi olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r. Yazar kitab\u0131n mukaddimesinde bunun bir zorunluluk oldu\u011funu \u015f\u00f6yle ifade etmektedir: \u201cRuslar K\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131 i\u015fgal ettikten sonra sahillerinde bulunan otuz alt\u0131 kap\u0131l\u0131 liman\u0131, \u00d6zi Kalesini2, K\u0131lburun3 ve Pirezen4 adalar\u0131n\u0131, Hocabey Liman\u0131’n\u01315, zahire ambarlar\u0131n\u0131 ve kaleyi ele ge\u00e7irdiler. Art\u0131k Osmanl\u0131 Donanmas\u0131na ait gemilerin gerekti\u011fi anda giri\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yapabilecekleri Karadeniz’de Bender-i Kili6 ve Sinop limanlar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka Anadolu yakas\u0131nda liman kalmad\u0131. Bu durumda kara taraf\u0131ndan Anadolu’ya set olacak ve hilek\u00e2r k\u00e2fir ordular\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kesecek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir engel olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak \u00f6nemli hale geldi, hatta ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir zorunluluk oldu.\u201d
\nBu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00c7erkesya, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekten kitab\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda da belirtildi\u011fi gibi \u201cyeni d\u00fcnya\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcndedir. Osmanl\u0131 kendi g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu \u201cyeni d\u00fcnya\u201d ya a\u00e7\u0131lmak ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede var olan ili\u015fkileri peki\u015ftirmek zorundad\u0131r. Fakat bu eserde de belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere Ferah Ali Pa\u015fa haricindeki pa\u015falar\u0131n beceriksizlikleri, askerlerin isteksizlikleri ve Osmanl\u0131 merkezi idarecilerinin olay\u0131n ciddiyetinden uzak basiretsiz yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 \u201c\u00c7erkes Seddi\u201d politikas\u0131n\u0131n iflas\u0131na neden olmu\u015f ve Ruslar\u0131n b\u00f6lgeyi i\u015fgalini h\u0131zland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u0131r\u0131m ve \u00c7erkesya’n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesinin ard\u0131ndan t\u00fcm Kafkasya’y\u0131 ele ge\u00e7iren Rus ordular\u0131 Karadeniz, Rumeli ve Do\u011fu Anadolu’dan Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na h\u00fccum etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ‘Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck amillerden biri de K\u0131r\u0131m ve \u00c7erkesya\u2019n\u0131n stratejik \u00f6neminin Ruslar kadar kavranamamas\u0131 ve bu b\u00f6lgelerin onlara kar\u015f\u0131 yeterince korunamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r denebilir.
\nKitap 1798 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar olan olaylardan bahsetmektedir. Osmanl\u0131 1828 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Anapa’da kalm\u0131\u015fsa da Ruslar\u0131n ilerleyi\u015fini durduramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nihayet bu tarihte Anapa’n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesiyle birlikte b\u00f6lgeden tamamen \u00e7ekilmi\u015f ve asl\u0131nda kendine ait olmayan \u00c7erkesya’y\u0131 14 Eyl\u00fcl 1829 da imzalanan Edirne Antla\u015fmas\u0131’yla Ruslara terk etti\u011fini kabul etmi\u015ftir. \u00c7erkesler tarihin her devrinde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek bu antla\u015fmay\u0131 tan\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya duyurup 1864 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Ruslara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir.
\nTopkap\u0131 Saray\u0131 K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi\u2019nde bulunan ve bu yazmadan bizi haberdar eden Fethi G\u00fcng\u00f6r’e, yazman\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131na izin veren Topkap\u0131 Saray\u0131’n\u0131n say\u0131n yetkililerine, bu k\u0131ymetli eserin sadele\u015ftirilmek suretiyle herkesin istifadesine sunulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neren ve tashih i\u015fini yapan Ali Barut’a, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 okuyup baz\u0131 d\u00fczeltmeler yapan Bekir Y\u0131lmaz’a ve Fars\u00e7a \u015fiirleri \u00e7eviren \u0130brahim K\u00fcreli’ye ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim. Yine bu \u00f6nemli yazman\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 konusundaki maddi ve manevi destekleri dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Kafkas Vakf\u0131’n\u0131n de\u011ferli m\u00fctevelli ve y\u00f6netim kurulu \u00fcyeleri ile t\u00fcm g\u00f6n\u00fclda\u015flara \u015f\u00fckranlar\u0131m\u0131 sunar\u0131m.<\/p>\n
\nMustafa \u00d6zsaray \u0130stanbul 2012\u201d
\n_________________________________________________________________
\n2 Bug nehrinin Karadeniz\u2019e d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerde bulunan liman \u015fehri
\n3 Dinyester nehrinin Karadeniz’e d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerde bulunan \u015fehir.
\n4 Karadeniz’in kuzeyinde Bug (Akrul) nehrinin denize d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lge a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndaki 5 \u201cK\u0131r\u0131m liman \u015fehirlerinden, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Ukrayna’daki Odessa liman kenti.
\n6 Dinyester nehrinin yukar\u0131s\u0131nda, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Moldovya s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde\u00a0bir\u00a0\u015fehir,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"