{"id":5306,"date":"2019-03-03T14:54:37","date_gmt":"2019-03-03T14:54:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=5306"},"modified":"2019-03-03T15:24:50","modified_gmt":"2019-03-03T15:24:50","slug":"moskova-yazilari-yasam-korkusu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/moskova-yazilari-yasam-korkusu\/","title":{"rendered":"MOSKOVA YAZILARI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"left\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5307\" src=\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/RF-Turizm.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"417\" height=\"305\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><strong><span class=\"baslik1\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Keremcan G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fta\u015f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Ya\u015fam Korkusu<br \/>\nMoskova&#8230;<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Y\u00fczlerce de\u011fi\u015fik \u00f6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn, binlerce kahraman\u0131n\u0131n topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer buras\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Kimi i\u015fi, kimi a\u015fk\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden burada. Ne zaman iki ki\u015fi biraraya gelsek -ki \u00fcyesi oldu\u011fumuz forumlarda da en \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan konulardan biri- hemen biri ba\u015flar:<br \/>\n&#8211; Off ya, ne so\u011fuk hava birader!<br \/>\n&#8211; Sorma, resmen buz tuttum. \u00dcstelik gelirken arabay\u0131 militsya durdurdu. Zaten trafik ke\u015fmeke\u015f!<\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image5\/0252-abhazya-B1.GIF\" width=\"375\" height=\"190\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\nFoto\u011fraf: Olga Maleeva Moskova<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Bu diyalogun sonu olmaz genelde. Moskova tam anlam\u0131yla bir sorunlar \u015fehridir. So\u011fu\u011fu, b\u00fcrokrasisi, polisi, baz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n kabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 derken liste uzar gider. Oysa T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den buraya bakan arkada\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z, sadece \u201cmalum\u201d konular\u0131 bilirler, f\u0131rsat\u0131 olsa ko\u015farak gelecek! Ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn yeni tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir arkada\u015f\u0131mla yine bu konulardan bahsediyoruz. Kendisi bu \u015fehirde 1 y\u0131l\u0131 doldurmu\u015f ve bana s\u00f6yledi\u011fi ilk f\u0131rsatta geri d\u00f6nmek istedi\u011fi, sadece Rus e\u015fi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden burada kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindeydi. \u00dcstelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden de ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 maa\u015f, Moskova \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. Tabi konuya onun a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131nca hakl\u0131; \u00f6zellikle i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz k\u0131\u015f mevsiminde, hangi konuyu tutsan\u0131z elinizde kal\u0131yor. Biraz moral vermek istedim, birtak\u0131m \u015feyler s\u00f6yledim ama ne kadar etkili oldum bilemiyorum tabi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda duruma biraz daha d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bak\u0131p, bir \u00f6zele\u015ftiri yapmak \u015fart gibime geliyor. Bu \u015fehirden en \u00e7ok \u015fikayet edenlerin asl\u0131nda kendilerini tam olarak buraya yerle\u015ftirememi\u015f, akl\u0131nda her zaman geri d\u00f6nme plan\u0131 olan ki\u015filer oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zlemliyorum. Do\u011fal olarak, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sahip olunan \u015fartlar\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, arkada\u015fl\u0131k ve dostlu\u011fu burada bulamay\u0131nca \u015fehrin kendisine ve insanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 hemen bir tepki olu\u015fuyor. Oysa bu insanlar, t\u00fcm tarihleri boyunca zaten b\u00f6yleydiler. Bir\u00e7ok badireler atlatt\u0131lar; tarihleri olduk\u00e7a hareketli, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k, zaman zaman kaotik ama y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r yerle\u015fik bir hayat d\u00fczenleri var, Moskova\u2019da ya\u015fam bu \u015fekilde. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bizim a\u00e7\u0131m\u0131zdan evrim teorisi burada da i\u015flemi\u015f gibi g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor; ortama ayak uydurabilenler -g\u00f6rece- mutlu oldular, ayak uyduramayanlar ise buhran sahibi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ocukluk idollerimden Bruce Lee, bildi\u011finiz gibi sadece oyuncu ve Uzakdo\u011fu sava\u015f sanatlar\u0131 ustas\u0131 olarak an\u0131lmaz, kendi alan\u0131nda filozof say\u0131labilecek bir ki\u015fili\u011fe sahiptir. Efsane filmlerinden \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm Oyunu \u2013 Game of Death (1978)\u201d filminde, 5 katl\u0131 bir tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131n her kat\u0131nda ayr\u0131 stilde d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015fen biriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r, hepsini s\u0131rayla alteder. Ustay\u0131 zevkle izlerken, bize aktarmak istedi\u011fi mesaj, san\u0131r\u0131m Moskova\u2019da ya\u015fay\u0131p buran\u0131n t\u00fcm sorunlar\u0131yla y\u00fczle\u015fmek zorunda kalan hepimiz i\u00e7in bir yol g\u00f6stericidir:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image5\/0252-abhazya-B2.GIF\" width=\"320\" height=\"202\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">&#8220;Empty your mind. Become formless and shapeless like water. When water is poured into a cup, it becomes the cup. When water is poured into a teapot, it becomes the teapot. Be water, my friend.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Yani diyor ki: \u201cZihnini ar\u0131nd\u0131r. Su gibi \u015fekilsiz ve bi\u00e7imsiz ol. Suyu bir kaba bo\u015faltt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, o kap olur. \u00c7aydanl\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u00e7aydanl\u0131k olur. Su gibi ol arkada\u015f\u0131m!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda bu mesaj\u0131 tamamen kendimizden s\u0131yr\u0131lmak, kurtulmak \u015feklinde almam\u0131z gerekmiyor ama bu \u015fartlar\u0131 \u00e7ok zor olan \u015fehirde, kendimizi biraz su gibi kabul edip, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz kaba uyum sa\u011flamam\u0131z, san\u0131r\u0131m bir\u00e7ok olumsuz fakt\u00f6r\u00fc elememize sebep olabilir. \u0130\u015fte o zaman, Moskova\u2019n\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu zenginliklerden, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden, ya\u015fam tarz\u0131ndan alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z haz, g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e artacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Hepimize sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, s\u0131cak ve mutlu Moskova g\u00fcnleri dilerim.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Arka arkaya \u201csanal ya\u015fam\u201d \u00fcst\u00fcne kurulu 2 film izleyince, insan kendini bir garip hissediyor. Malum, bu fikirlerin dayana\u011f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a eskiye dayansa da, g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131za Matrix filmiyle girdi\u011fi a\u015fik\u00e2r. S\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz hayat\u0131n asl\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ger\u00e7e\u011fin ne oldu\u011funun bilinmesinin ise olduk\u00e7a zor oldu\u011fu bir ortamd\u0131 Matrix. \u00dcst\u00fcne tonlarca yaz\u0131 yaz\u0131ld\u0131, \u201cMatrix ve Felsefe\u201d gibisinden kitaplar bile bas\u0131ld\u0131. Son d\u00f6nemde izledi\u011fim filmlerin ilki ise, Bruce Willis\u2019in ba\u015frol\u00fcnde oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cSurrogates \u2013 Suretler\u201d, di\u011feri ise Gerard Butler\u2019\u0131n oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cGamer-Oyuncu\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image5\/0257-abhaz-B1.GIF\" width=\"375\" height=\"264\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Arada \u015f\u00f6yle bir fark var; Matrix\u2019deki durumda, ki\u015filerin se\u00e7me \u015fans\u0131 yok, onlar kendileri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olu\u015fturulmu\u015f sistemin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 durumundalar. Surrogates-Suretler\u2019de ise, insanlar g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famda kendilerinin yerini alan, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla istedikleri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte olabilen, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye ba\u011fl\u0131 bir sistem ile kontrol edilebilen robotlar\u0131 kullan\u0131yorlar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kimsenin g\u00fcvenli ortam\u0131ndan (evlerinden vs) \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na gerek kalmadan, fiziksel olarak yorulmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabiliyorlar, d\u0131\u015far\u0131da gezebiliyorlar. Gamer-Oyuncu\u2019da ise durum biraz daha farkl\u0131. \u0130zlerken bana \u201cTotal Recall-Ger\u00e7e\u011fe \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131\u201d filmini hat\u0131rlatt\u0131; bu filmdeki durum ise, insanlar\u0131n ba\u015fka ger\u00e7ek insanlar\u0131 kontrol ettikleri bir oyun \u00fcst\u00fcne kurulmu\u015f. Filmlerin sanatsal yeterlilikleri \u00fczerinde durmayaca\u011f\u0131m, benim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan sahip olduklar\u0131 toplum kavram\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image5\/0257-abhaz-B2.GIF\" width=\"375\" height=\"198\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">1984, Y\u00f6n: Michael Radford<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Bu tip filmlerin \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131, asl\u0131nda bize yabanc\u0131 de\u011fil. Temeline bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zaman genel olarak bir \u201ckorku toplumu\u201d fikrini g\u00f6rmekteyiz. G\u00fcvenli alan\u0131m\u0131zdan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zaman bizi bekleyen o kadar \u00e7ok ger\u00e7ek ya da uydurma tehlike var ki; hem kendimizi hem de sevdi\u011fimiz insanlar\u0131 tehdit eden bu korku, bahsetti\u011fim \u201csanal ya\u015fam\u201d fikirlerinin geli\u015fmesine, hatta kabul edilebilir olmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rl\u0131yor. Toplumu bir paranoyaya s\u00fcr\u00fckledi\u011fini g\u00f6rmemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Bu tip fikirlerin yerle\u015fmesi, tahmin edilebilece\u011fi \u00fczere, kom\u015fuluk ili\u015fkilerinden tutun sokakta y\u00fcr\u00fcmemize kadar bizi etki alt\u0131na al\u0131yor. Giderek bir bireyselle\u015fme ve \u201cbana dokunmayan y\u0131lan bin ya\u015fas\u0131n\u201dc\u0131l\u0131k hakim oluyor. Maalesef, \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir\u201dde modern ya\u015fam\u0131n getirdi\u011fi olumsuzluklardan biri bu.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fer konuyu ilerletirsek, bu fikirlerin insan\u0131 giderek daha fazla yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa itti\u011fi de bir ger\u00e7ek. \u00dcstelik, Rusya gibi 1991\u2019den sonra olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131lan bir devrimin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi ve de\u011fi\u015fimin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00fclkede (SSCB\u2019nin tarihe kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131), bu kavramlar\u0131 net bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6rebiliyoruz. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 SSCB d\u00f6neminde \u2013do\u011fal olarak- burada de\u011fildim. Sahip oldu\u011fum bilgi, insanlar\u0131n bana anlatt\u0131klar\u0131ndan ve bir k\u0131s\u0131m izledi\u011fim filmden ibaret. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu konunun o zamanlardaki durumu hakk\u0131nda bir fikir \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmeyeyim. Ama \u015fu anda Moskova\u2019da s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm hayata d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bir g\u00f6zle bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m zaman, sokakta sordu\u011fum bir soruya cevap vermeden ka\u00e7anlar\u0131, hint as\u0131ll\u0131 kom\u015fumun farkedilmemek i\u00e7in midir nedir, anlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir \u015fekilde, kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p kapay\u0131p bir s\u00fcr\u00fc kilit kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 (1 y\u0131ld\u0131r kendisinin y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rebilmi\u015f de\u011filim bu arada), marketteki kad\u0131n\u0131n ingilizce bilmesine ra\u011fmen benimle bu dilde konu\u015fmak istememesini (ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn konusudur) hep bu sebeplere ba\u011flayas\u0131m geliyor. \u0130\u015fin ac\u0131 taraf\u0131 da, asl\u0131nda baz\u0131 y\u00f6nlerden sahip olunan bu paranoyan\u0131n birtak\u0131m ger\u00e7ek olaylara dayanmas\u0131 oluyor. Bunun fiziksel zarar\u0131 tabii ki ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz, b\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehirde ya\u015fayanlar aras\u0131nda stres kaynakl\u0131 panik-atak en b\u00fcy\u00fck dertlerden biri.<\/p>\n<p>Gelmek istedi\u011fim nokta asl\u0131nda \u015fu: Bahsetti\u011fim, kendi g\u00fcvenli alan\u0131m\u0131zda, zarar g\u00f6rmeden d\u0131\u015far\u0131da olabilece\u011fimiz bir sistem in\u015fa edilse \u2013Surrogates filmindeki gibi- acaba ka\u00e7 insan bunu istemezdi? Veya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131? Ki bu teknolojinin temelleri \u00e7ok ilkel de olsa yava\u015f yava\u015f at\u0131lmakta. \u0130\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z toplum bireylerinin birbirleriyle olan 100 ya da 500 y\u0131l sonraki \u2013ki o zamana kadar insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n devam edece\u011fini varsay\u0131yorum- ili\u015fkileri sosyal y\u00f6nden acaba hangi durumda olacak? \u201cKorku Toplumu\u201dna dair kavramlar acaba hangi boyutlara varacak? \u0130\u015fte bunlar, son zamanlarda bana \u00fczerinde kafa yorulacak ilgin\u00e7 fikirler olarak geliyor.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"baslik1\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>&#8221;Vory V Zakone&#8221; ve Fenya<\/strong> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">D\u00f6vmelerle ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rma yaparken, Rusya\u2019da su\u00e7 ve hapishane d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n 2 \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131na de\u011finmeden ge\u00e7meyelim: \u201cVory v Zakone\u201d ve \u201cFenya\u201d. \u201cVory v Zakone\u201du tam olarak nas\u0131l T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&#8217;ye \u00e7evirece\u011fimden emin de\u011filim. \u0130ngilizce&#8217;ye \u201cOrder of the Thieves\u201d olarak \u00e7evirilebiliyor, san\u0131r\u0131m T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&#8217;ye de \u201cH\u0131rs\u0131z Karde\u015fli\u011fi\u201d ya da daha geni\u015f bir anlamla \u201cH\u0131rs\u0131z\u0131n Yolu\u201d diye ayn\u0131 anlam\u0131 verecek bir \u00e7eviri yapsak \u00e7ok da yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. Belirli bir kurallar zincirine ba\u011fl\u0131 ya\u015fayan h\u0131rs\u0131zlar ya da kanunsuzlar birli\u011fi, karde\u015fli\u011fi \u015feklinde bir anlam\u0131 var.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Peki nedir bu \u201cVory v Zakone\u201d ve konumuzla ne ilgisi var? Hemen anlatmaya ba\u015flayal\u0131m. \u201cVory v Zakone\u201dun tarihi, Ekim Devrimi\u2019ne kadar gidiyor. Bu d\u00f6nemde meydana gelen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k ve kaos ortam\u0131, bizde \u201ce\u015fkiya\u201d diye bilinen su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na sebep oldu. Bu e\u015fkiyalara genel olarak \u201cVoroskiy Mir\u201d (H\u0131rs\u0131zlar\u0131n\/Su\u00e7lular\u0131n D\u00fcnyas\u0131) dendi. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 tamamlay\u0131nca, bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlere kar\u015f\u0131 NKVD (zaman\u0131n istihbarat servisi) taraf\u0131ndan topyek\u00fcn bir m\u00fccadele ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. Ve bu su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, neredeyse tamam\u0131 esir kamplar\u0131na kapat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bu kamplarda,\u201cVory v Zakone\u201d ismiyle adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir sistem geli\u015ftirdiler.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image5\/0269-kuzey-kafkasya-B1.GIF\" width=\"375\" height=\"264\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Bu, su\u00e7lular\u0131n kendi aralar\u0131nda olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 bir \u201cgelenek ve onur kanunu\u201dydu (bizde bu durum \u201cracon\u201d \u015feklinde adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r). \u201cVory v Zakone\u201da kabul edilen bir ki\u015finin v\u00fccuduna bu durumu anlatan belirli d\u00f6vmeler yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Daha \u00f6nce bahsetti\u011fim Rusya\u2019da d\u00f6vme k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011fer \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 bir anlam\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u015fte buradan ileri gelir. \u00dcstelik bu d\u00f6vmeler, o su\u00e7lunun, bulundu\u011fu topluluk i\u00e7indeki r\u00fctbesini de belirledi\u011finden, \u00f6yle herkes istedi\u011fi \u015fekilde, istedi\u011fi d\u00f6vmeye sahip olamaz. \u00d6rnek vermek gerekirse, \u00fcst r\u00fctbeli bir su\u00e7lunun omuzlar\u0131na y\u0131ld\u0131z d\u00f6vmesi yap\u0131l\u0131r. E\u011fer o r\u00fctbede olmayan birinin omuzlar\u0131nda bu d\u00f6vme \u00e7e\u015fidi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrse, sonu cinayete kadar giden olaylar ya\u015fan\u0131r (Bu kural bug\u00fcn de hapishanelerde ve Rus mafyas\u0131 i\u00e7inde i\u015flemektedir). Bu d\u00f6vmelerinin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlamlar\u0131, bir sonraki yaz\u0131mda okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cVory v Zakone\u2019u olu\u015fturan kurallar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermeden \u00f6nce, biraz da \u201cFenya\u201dya de\u011finmek istiyorum.<\/p>\n<p>Fenya, Vory v Zakone\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 su\u00e7lular\u0131n kendi aralar\u0131nda geli\u015ftirdikleri bir dil. A\u011f\u0131r bir argo i\u00e7ermekte ve normal insanlar\u0131n anlamas\u0131n\u0131n pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sistemi vard\u0131r. Orijinal Fenya dili, Rus\u00e7a kelimlerin bozulmas\u0131ndan, metaforik anlamlar\u0131n konu\u015fulan dile ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131ndan, Yunancadan ve di\u011fer ba\u015fka baz\u0131 dillerden kelimeler i\u00e7erir; daha sonra hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r say\u0131da \u0130branice\u2019den ge\u00e7i\u015fler olmu\u015ftur. Stalin zaman\u0131nda, bir\u00e7ok yazar, \u015fair ve ayd\u0131n insan\u0131n bu su\u00e7lular\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kamplara s\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri sebebiyle, Fenya dili bu ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f ve bir\u00e7ok eserde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden sonra da bu dilin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve geli\u015fimi durmam\u0131\u015f, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de baz\u0131 \u00e7evrelerde kelimelerin anlam de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi, yap\u0131n\u0131n zaman zaman ba\u015fka formlar ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni versiyonlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/yz-image5\/0269-kuzey-kafkasya-B2.GIF\" width=\"375\" height=\"236\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 wikipedia.org\u2019dan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu bilgilere ek olarak, Vladimir Dahl\u2019\u0131n \u201cA\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 Ya\u015fayan B\u00fcy\u00fck Rus Dili S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201dnden bir \u00f6rnek vermek istiyorum:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Fenya: &#8220;\u0420\u043e\u043f\u0430 \u043a\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0442, \u0440\u044b\u0445\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445\u0430\u043d\u044b.&#8221;<br \/>\nRus\u00e7a \u00c7evirisi: &#8220;\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0447\u044c; \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0443\u0445\u0438.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Fenya: &#8220;\u0414\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0438\u043b \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c: \u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u044f\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439.<br \/>\nRus\u00e7a \u00c7evirisi:&#8221;\u0414\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u043b \u0442\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c: \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u044e.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cVory v Zakone\u201da d\u00f6nersek; bu \u201cyola\u201d kabul edilen bir ki\u015finin kabul etti\u011fi kuralar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc \u015funlard\u0131r (bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm ek\u015fi s\u00f6zl\u00fck\u2019tan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r):<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u00fcm aile ve yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 reddetmelidir<br \/>\n&#8211; Asla kendisine bir aile kurmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Fakat bu madde, vor\u2019un bir sevgiliye sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemez.<br \/>\n&#8211; Asla, hangi \u015fartta olursa olsun, beraberinde hangi zorluklar\u0131 getirirse getirsin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamal\u0131;<br \/>\nsu\u00e7 yoluyla edindikleri ile hayatta kalmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Di\u011fer vor\u2019lara maddi manevi destek verip yard\u0131m ederek vor komunitesine faydal\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Di\u011fer yolda\u015flar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131, topland\u0131klar\u0131, sakland\u0131klar\u0131 yerleri bir s\u0131r olarak tutmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz durumlarda, \u00f6rne\u011fin soru\u015fturma alt\u0131ndayken, ba\u015fka bir vor\u2019un su\u00e7unu \u00fczerine almal\u0131; b\u00f6ylece di\u011fer vor\u2019a zaman kazand\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kendisiyle ba\u015fka bir vor aras\u0131nda, yada di\u011fer vor&#8217;lar aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in soru\u015fturma meclisi talep edebilmeli; gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bu tarz soru\u015fturmalara \u015fahsen kat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Meclise kar\u015f\u0131 koyan vor\u2019un cezas\u0131n\u0131 infaz etmeli, meclisce su\u00e7lu bulunan vor\u2019un infaz edilmesi karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koymamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Vor jargonu fenya\u2019ya hakim olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 kapatamayaca\u011f\u0131 durumlarda asla kumar oynamamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Yeni ba\u015flayan gen\u00e7lere zanaati \u00f6\u011fretmelidir.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00fcmk\u00fcnse farkl\u0131 r\u00fctbe ve kesimlerden muhbirlere sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Alkol al\u0131rken asla mant\u0131kl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme becerisini kaybetmemelidir.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kamu otoritelerine bula\u015fmamal\u0131, kamusal aktivitelere yada herhangi bir organizasyona kat\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kamu otoritesinin elinden silah almamal\u0131, orduya hizmet etmemelidir.<br \/>\n&#8211; Di\u011fer vor\u2019lara verdi\u011fi s\u00f6zleri mutlaka yerine getirmelidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Keremcan G&uuml;m&uuml;&#351;ta&#351; Ya&#351;am Korkusu Moskova&hellip; Y&uuml;zlerce de&#287;i&#351;ik &ouml;yk&uuml;n&uuml;n, binlerce kahraman&#305;n&#305;n topland&#305;&#287;&#305; yer buras&#305;. Kimi i&#351;i, kimi a&#351;k&#305; y&uuml;z&uuml;nden burada. Ne zaman iki ki&#351;i biraraya gelsek -ki &uuml;yesi oldu&#287;umuz forumlarda da en &ccedil;ok tart&#305;&#351;&#305;lan konulardan biri- hemen biri ba&#351;lar: &ndash; Off ya, ne so&#287;uk hava birader! &ndash; Sorma, resmen buz tuttum. &Uuml;stelik gelirken arabay&#305; militsya durdurdu. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rusya-federasyonu","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5306"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5331,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5306\/revisions\/5331"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}