![\"\"](\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/KOVALCA-KOYU-BIBERD-KIT-b.png\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
KOPS\u0130RGEN Orhan Baran<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Kovalca (Biberd) k\u00f6y\u00fc Eski\u015fehir iline 41 km, Boz\u00f6y\u00fck il\u00e7esine 7 km uzakl\u0131kta bulunan bir Abaza (A\u015fuwa) k\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcr. K\u00f6y halk\u0131 1859 tarihinde Kara\u00e7ay-\u00c7erkesk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde bulunan Biberdk\u0131t (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131 Alb\u0131r\u011fan) adl\u0131 k\u00f6yden g\u00f6\u00e7 edip \u00f6nce \u0130stanbul\u2019a sonra bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Kovalca k\u00f6y\u00fcne yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdir. K\u00f6y\u00fcn kurucu s\u00fclalesi Biberd ailesidir.<\/p>\n Apsuwalar, Kara\u00e7ay \u00c7erkesk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde ya\u015fayan Abazalara A\u015fuwa ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015flerdir. Da\u011flar\u0131n do\u011fusunda ya da d\u00fczl\u00fckte ya\u015fayanlar anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. A\u015fuwalar da iki k\u0131sma ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r: A\u015fkarawa-Alt\u0131kesek=Bezha\u011f=Tapanta<\/p>\n \u015ekarawa (da\u011flar b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan) Tapanta (Asetinler b\u00f6yle isimlendirir, anlam\u0131 d\u00fcz ovada ya da d\u00fczl\u00fckte ya\u015fayanlard\u0131r) -Alt\u0131kesek (Kara\u00e7ay dilinde alt\u0131ya b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f halk ya da kabile anlam\u0131na gelir) Bezha\u011f (Kabardeyce say\u0131lar\u0131 az de\u011ferli insanlar anlam\u0131na gelir). Tapanta A\u015fuvawalar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131 beyi vard\u0131r. Bunlar: Biberd, Cantemir, Dar\u0131ko, Ko\u00e7a, K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ve Lo\u2019dur. Kara\u00e7ay-\u00c7erkesk Cumhuriyeti\u2019ndeki Biberd k\u00f6y\u00fc ayn\u0131 yerindedir. Ancak Kovalca k\u00f6y\u00fc 70 hane olarak gelmi\u015f ve bug\u00fcn k\u00f6yde maalesef \u00fc\u00e7 hane kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130nsan\u0131n i\u00e7ini s\u0131zlatan bir durum\u2026 \u0130ster inan\u0131n ister inanmay\u0131n sadece \u00fc\u00e7 hane\u2026 Bekli de bu \u00fc\u00e7 hane de bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte k\u00f6y\u00fc terk etmi\u015f olabilirler\u2026 Bu k\u00f6y halk\u0131ndan olan b\u00fcy\u00fcklerimizden biri; Aziz Meker\u2019dir. K\u0131saca ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc aktaray\u0131m.<\/p>\n AZ\u0130Z MEKER<\/strong> Kuzey Kafkasya’da bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Kara\u00e7ay-\u00c7erkesk Cumhuriyeti’nde bulunan Biberdkuace k\u00f6y\u00fcnde 1877 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fdu. Abaza k\u00f6kenlidir. \u0130lk e\u011fitimini burada ve Batalpa\u015finsk (\u00c7erkesk) k\u00f6y\u00fcnde yapt\u0131. Ailesinin T\u00fcrkiye’ye g\u00f6\u00e7erek Eski\u015fehir y\u00f6resine yerle\u015fmesinden sonra 1889 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Sultanisi’nde okudu.<\/p>\n Daha sonra Fransa’ya giderek tar\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k e\u011fitimi g\u00f6rd\u00fc. \u0130stanbul Halkal\u0131 Y\u00fcksek Ziraat Okulu’nda \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapt\u0131. Kafkas g\u00f6\u00e7menlerini olu\u015fturan “\u00c7erkes Teavun Cemiyeti” ve “\u015eimal\u00ee Kafkas Cemiyeti” ile “Kafkasya \u0130stikl\u00e2l Komitesi” gibi kurulu\u015flarda aktif g\u00f6revler ald\u0131, konferanslar verdi, bro\u015f\u00fcrler yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>\n I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Tu\u015fa Fuat Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki bir Kafkas kuruluyla Avrupa’ya giderek Viyana, Berlin, Lozan vb. merkezlerde bu komite ad\u0131na ve Kafkas davas\u0131 lehine temaslarda bulundu. \u00c7e\u015fitli devlet adamlar\u0131yla ve bunlar aras\u0131nda Cenevre’de s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde bulunan Lenin’le g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yapt\u0131. Mondros Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131 sonra Anadolu’ya ge\u00e7erek Anadolu ihtilalinin saflar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131. TBMM taraf\u0131ndan Sovyet Rusya’ya g\u00f6nderilen el\u00e7ilik heyetinde ba\u015fk\u00e2tiplik olarak g\u00f6revlendirildi. 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ankara’ya d\u00f6nerek Ziraat Okulu’nda \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyeli\u011fi ve Ziraat Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131. 1932 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Tar\u0131m Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. Abazaca, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, Rus\u00e7a, Frans\u0131zca, Almanca biliyordu. Bat\u0131k k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015fka me\u015fhurlar\u0131 ise; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ilk yar\u0131\u015f at\u0131 yeti\u015ftiricilerinden olan Kara\u015fey Yusuf Bozkurt (Topal Yusuf) ve Alim Bozkurt bu k\u00f6yl\u00fc olup yeti\u015ftirdikleri atlar uzun y\u0131llar mahalli ve ulusal yar\u0131\u015flarda \u00e7e\u015fitli dereceler alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Daha sonra yar\u0131\u015f at\u0131 yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fini Remzi Bozkurt devralm\u0131\u015f olup ulusal \u00e7apta \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u015far\u0131lara imza atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n K\u00f6y\u00fcn ilk kurulu\u015funda k\u00f6yde bulunan s\u00fclaleler:<\/strong> Not:<\/strong> Tarihi bilgililerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda Wikipedia\u2019dan faydalan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n KARA\u00c7AY \u00c7ERKESK \u00d6ZERK B\u00d6LGES\u0130NDEK\u0130 B\u0130BERD KITLAR (ALBIR\u011eAN) K\u00d6YLER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130ncig nehrinin sa\u011f\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f olan bu k\u00f6y \u0130ncik Lo K\u0131t k\u00f6y\u00fcne \u00e7ok yak\u0131nd\u0131r. K\u00f6yde ilk ve ortaokul, \u00e7ocuk kre\u015fi ve cami vard\u0131r. \u0130ncik Lo K\u0131t k\u00f6y\u00fc ile ortakla\u015fa kulland\u0131klar\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezleri vard\u0131r. N\u00fcfusu 1997 y\u0131l\u0131 say\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re 1796 ki\u015fidir. K\u00f6yde ya\u015fayan ba\u015fl\u0131ca aile (s\u00fclale) adlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n Aga\u00e7a (\u0410\u0433\u0430\u0447\u0430), Aysan (\u0410\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043d), Abaza (\u0410\u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430), Aji (\u0410\u0436\u044c\u0438), Sonu\u00e7 olarak k\u00f6yde 64 s\u00fclale ve 438 aile ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Her ne kadar 1997 say\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re k\u00f6y n\u00fcfusu 1.796 ki\u015fi ise de bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc tarih itibariyle 2.000\u2019i a\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131m. Bu arada Tarihi bir ger\u00e7ekten sahsedelim Meml\u00fcklerin Son sultanlar\u0131 Kansu Gavri ve ye\u011feni Tomanbay B\u0130BERD s\u00fclalesindendir.<\/p>\n Kansu Gavri ya da Gansu Gavri tam adiyla El-E\u015fref Kansu el-Gavri (d. 1440-\u00f6. 1516), Meml\u00fck Sultan\u0131. Burci Hanedani’ndan olup 1501-1516 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Meml\u00fck h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Meml\u00fck Devletinde h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar, birbirini takip eden iki hanedandan se\u00e7ilmi\u015f olup, bu hanedanlar Memalik-i Bahriye ve Memalik-i \u00c7erakise (Burci)’dir. Kansu Gavri \u00c7erkes as\u0131ll\u0131d\u0131r. O d\u00f6nemin kaynaklar\u0131nda hi\u00e7 Arap\u00e7a bilmedi\u011finden de s\u00f6z edilir. Kansu Gavri okuyabilmek i\u00e7in Arap Edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n klasiklerini tarihte ilk kez T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’ye \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir. Sultan’\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u015fiir divan\u0131 da bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kendinden \u00f6nce Memluk Sultan\u0131 olan Al-Adil Sayf ad-Din T\u00fcman bay I saklan\u0131p kaybolmasi ile \u00c7erkes Meml\u00fbklu emirler yeni bir sultan aramaya koyuldular ve ancak bir hafta kadar sonra El-Ashraf Kansu al-Gavri’nin \u00fczerinde anla\u015ft\u0131lar. El-E\u015fref Kansu al-Gavri bir Cerkes as\u0131ll\u0131 k\u00f6lemen idi ve k\u00f6le olarak Sultan El-E\u015fref Sayfaldin Kay\u0131tbay’in hizmetindeydi. K\u0131rk ya\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011fi zaman bir Meml\u00fbk r\u00fctbesi olan “Onlar\u0131n Emiri” oldu ve serbestisini kazand\u0131. Sonra yetene\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk ilerledi Tarsus, Halep ve Malatya’ya Meml\u00fbk valisi oldu; “Binlerin emiri” r\u00fctbesi verildi; Meml\u00fbk Saray\u0131’nda saray naz\u0131r\u0131 ve Ba\u015f Vezir oldu. Sultanl\u0131\u011fa aday olarak kabul edilince, \u00f6nce bu g\u00f6revi almak istemedi. Fakat nuf\u00fbzlu emirler israr ettiler ve kendisine sadakatle hizmet edeceklerine dair yeminler ettiler. En sonunda Kansu Gavri 1501de Memluk Sultan\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ettiginde 60 ya\u015f\u0131nda bulunmaktayd\u0131. Fakat hala aklen ve fiziksel olarak zindedeydi; kendi fikirleriyle ve hareketleriyle sert kararlar alabilmekteydi ve hi\u00e7bir Emirin, ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olursa olsun, kuklas\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Tahta ge\u00e7ince ilk \u00f6nemli icraat\u0131, her Meml\u00fbklu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 gibi, daha \u00f6nceki Sultan\u0131n taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n elimine edilmesi ve kendi taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n devlet ve \u00fclkenin en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlerine atanmalar\u0131 oldu. Eski Sultan taraftarlar\u0131 tahta zarar verirler diye ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131lar, yakaland\u0131lar, tutukland\u0131lar veya \u00fclkenin merkezinden uzak taraflar\u0131na s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderildiler ve b\u00fct\u00fcn mallar\u0131 m\u00fcsadere edildi. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Kansu Gavri’nin yak\u0131n taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6leliklerine son verilip azat edildiler, sarayda ve \u00fclkede ileri devlet g\u00f6revlerine atand\u0131lar. Tuman Bay I sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden yeni rejime kar\u015f\u0131 komplolar planlamaktayd\u0131. Fakat Kansu’nun Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ele almas\u0131ndan birka\u00e7 ay sonra ihanete u\u011frad\u0131. Fakat Kansu Gavri’nin kendisi bu sab\u0131k sultan\u0131 ele ge\u00e7iremeden, kendi saltanat\u0131 zaman\u0131nda idam ettirdi\u011fi bir Emir’in k\u00f6lemenleri taraf\u0131ndan bulunup \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu surette Kansu Gavri \u015fahsen eski Sultan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrme itham\u0131 alt\u0131nda kalmad\u0131. Di\u011fer taraftan, Tuman Bay I’in idam ettirdi\u011fi bir \u00f6nceki Memluk Sultan\u0131 El-E\u015fref Canpolat’\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu \u0130skenderiye\u2019den Kahire\u2019ye getirilerek eski Memluk Sultanlar\u0131\u2019na uygun bir mezara g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n Kansu Gavri bundan sonra devletin maliye sorunlar\u0131na el att\u0131. Hazine bo\u015ftu. Kansu Gavri yeni \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r vergiler koydu. Bu bir\u00e7ok vergi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn 7-10 ayl\u0131k gelirine e\u015fitti ve dinsel kurumlar ve hay\u0131r kurumlar\u0131 bile bu a\u011f\u0131r vergilerden muaf tutulmad\u0131. Verginin tam toplanmas\u0131na ve vergi ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131na \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verildi. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, Hristiyan ve Yahudi ayr\u0131m\u0131 olmadan b\u00fct\u00fcn dinsel kurumlar \u015fik\u00e2yete ba\u015flad\u0131. Kahire’de vergi tahsildarlar\u0131 ta\u015fa tutuldu; \u015eam Valisi bir vergi protestocusunun suikastine kurban gitti. Bu a\u011f\u0131r vergiler i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f ticarete b\u00fcy\u00fck ayak ba\u011flar\u0131 olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Y\u00fckseltilen vergilerden al\u0131nan miras vergisi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kimse ailesinden gelen miras\u0131 eline ge\u00e7iremiyordu. Sultan’\u0131n bir mal\u00ee dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 k\u00f6lelere vergi konulmas\u0131n\u0131 savundu ve Sultan \u00f6nce bu vergiyi uygun g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Fakat bu \u00f6zellikle n\u00fcfuzlu Memluklular aras\u0131nda o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck aksi tesir yaratt\u0131 ki sonunda Sultan bu vergiyi uygulamaktan vazge\u00e7mek zorunda kald\u0131. Fakat Sultan’\u0131n zalim tabiat\u0131na uygun olarak, Sultan bu dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 i\u015finden atmakla yetinmedi; onun dilini kestirdi; k\u0131rba\u00e7lat\u0131p dayak att\u0131rd\u0131; giysisiz olarak bir deveye bindirtip \u015fehir sokaklar\u0131nda gezdirtti ve sonunda kendine at\u0131lan ta\u015flardan \u00f6lmemi\u015f olan adam\u0131 idam ettirip \u00f6ld\u00fcrtt\u00fc.<\/p>\n Vergilerden elde edilen h\u00e2s\u0131lat \u00f6nce kendini Sultanl\u0131\u011fa getiren Meml\u00fbk emirlerine yeni, \u00e7o\u011fu \u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, bir s\u00fcr\u00fc k\u00f6le almas\u0131na harcand\u0131. Sonra Sultan imar i\u015flerine giri\u015fti. \u0130skenderiye, Ra\u015fid ve di\u011fer kaleler onart\u0131ld\u0131. Nil Nehri k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda su sistemlerini ve kanallar\u0131 yenile\u015ftirildi. Kahire’ye kendi ismini ta\u015f\u0131yan (V\u00e9kalet Al-Gavri) bir b\u00fcy\u00fck cami, bir medrese, bir han, bir sebilden olu\u015fan bir k\u00fclliye yapt\u0131rd\u0131. Kahire kalesinde yeni binalar yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve kalenin duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fc ba\u011fl\u0131k bah\u00e7elik yap\u0131l\u0131p hatta Suriye’den getirilen \u00e7i\u00e7eklerle bezendi. M\u0131s\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Mekke-Medine’de de b\u00fcy\u00fck imar yap\u0131ld\u0131: Hac i\u00e7in gelenlere su sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yeni suyollar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131p Kutsal \u015fehirlerin su \u015febekeleri yenile\u015ftirildi ve Mekke’nin g\u00fczelle\u015ftirilmesi yeni binalar yapt\u0131rd\u0131. Yeni vergilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise Saray’\u0131n geli\u015ftirmesinde kullan\u0131ld\u0131 yeni mefru\u015fat ve yeni k\u0131s\u0131mlar eklendi; ah\u0131rlara atlar ve arabalar al\u0131n\u0131p tak\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck harcama yap\u0131ld\u0131. Saray \u015fairlerin, \u015fark\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n, m\u00fczisyenlerin ve meddahlar\u0131n devam etti\u011fi bir b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezi haline getirildi. Saray yetimlere, dullara ve fakirlere sadaka da\u011f\u0131tma yeri haline geldi. Sultan’\u0131n kendi ve etraf\u0131ndakilerinim giyimi ku\u015fam\u0131 ve kulland\u0131klar\u0131 mallar herkesin diline destan oldu.<\/p>\n Meml\u00fbklu Emirleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler daha \u00f6nceki h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar zamanlar\u0131na nazaran daha uyu\u015fumlu olarak ge\u00e7meye ba\u015flad\u0131. Buna ra\u011fmen iki defa \u00f6zel t\u00f6renle Meml\u00fbklu emirler Kansu Gavri’ye sad\u0131k kalacaklar\u0131n\u0131 Kuran \u00fczerine yemin ettiler ve Sultan Kansu Gavri de hi\u00e7bir Meml\u00fbklu emrine zarar vermeyece\u011fine Kur’an \u00fczerine and i\u00e7ti. S\u00fcriye’de bedevilerin talan h\u00fccumlar\u0131 Suriye Valisi taraf\u0131ndan hemen \u00f6nlendi. Mekke ve Yanbu aras\u0131nda Hicaz’da \u00e7\u0131kan anla\u015fmazl\u0131k ise Mekke \u015eerifi’nin yerinde m\u00fcdahale etmemesi nedeniyle Kahire’nin destekleriyle bertaraf edildi<\/p>\n Tomanbay, (tam ismiyle: Malik ul-E\u015fref Tumanbay) (Arap\u00e7a: \u0637\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0649) (d. Halep 1473 \u2013 \u00f6. Kahire 1517). M\u0131s\u0131r Memluklular\u0131’n\u0131n son h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 (1516-1517). Sultan Kansu Gavri’nin ye\u011feni.<\/p>\n 1516-1517 Osmanl\u0131-Meml\u00fck Sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flay\u0131nca Osmanl\u0131lar’la \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in ordusunun ba\u015f\u0131nda Suriye’ye giden amcas\u0131n\u0131n yerine Kahire’de saltanat vekili olarak kald\u0131. Kansu Gavrinin Mercidab\u0131k Sava\u015f\u0131’nda \u00f6lmesi (1516) \u00fczerine Malik \u00fcl-e\u015fref \u00fcnvan\u0131yla Memluk h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 ilan edildi.<\/p>\n M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131 savunmak i\u00e7in gerekli \u00f6nlemleri almaya ba\u015flayan Tomanbay, 10.000 ki\u015filik bir kuvveti Canberdi Gazali komutas\u0131nda Gazze \u00fczerine g\u00f6nderdi. Ancak, Memluk ordusunu Han Yunus’ta kar\u015f\u0131layan Osmanl\u0131 Vezir-i azam\u0131 Had\u0131m Sinan Pa\u015fa Meml\u00fckl\u00fcleri b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bozguna u\u011fratt\u0131 (1517).<\/p>\n Daha sonra Sina \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc’n\u00fc ge\u00e7en Yavuz Sultan Selim komutas\u0131ndaki Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun \u00fczerine giden Tomanbay, yap\u0131lan Ridaniye Muharebesi’ni kaybetti ve ka\u00e7t\u0131 (22 Ocak 1517).<\/p>\n Ancak bir s\u00fcre sonra \u00e7evresine toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 10.000 ki\u015fiyle Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fine giren Kahire’yi bir gece bask\u0131n\u0131 sonucu ele ge\u00e7irmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131ysa da bunun \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan \u015fiddetli sokak sava\u015flar\u0131yla kent yeniden Osmanl\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan geri al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n Ka\u00e7an Tomanbay yakaland\u0131 ve 15 Nisan 1517’de Kahire kale kap\u0131s\u0131nda as\u0131larak idam edildi. B\u00f6ylece 267 y\u0131ll\u0131k Meml\u00fck Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. Suriye ve M\u0131s\u0131r topraklar\u0131na Osmanl\u0131lar egemen oldu.<\/p>\n Not: Tarihi bilgililerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda Wikipedia\u2019dan faydalan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n KARA\u00c7AY \u00c7ERKESK \u00d6ZERK B\u00d6LGES\u0130 ABAZA HABLE (B\u0130BERD=ALBIR\u011eAN) K\u00d6Y\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu k\u00f6y 1925-26 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Alb\u0131r\u011fan K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019nden ayr\u0131lan Abazalar taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur. K\u00f6yde ilk ve ortaokul ve \u00e7ocuk kre\u015fi, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri veren kurulu\u015flar vard\u0131r. Bu k\u00f6yde ya\u015fayan ailelerin say\u0131s\u0131 1997 say\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re 391 ki\u015fidir. Ancak bug\u00fcnk\u00fc tarihe g\u00f6re bu say\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve en az 450-500\u2019e ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir. K\u00f6yde ya\u015fayan ba\u015fl\u0131ca s\u00fclaleler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n Karma (\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430), Tlastankul (\u0422\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u044a\u0432\u044b\u043b), Kemket (\u041a\u044c\u0435\u043c\u043a\u044c\u0435\u0442), KARA\u00c7AY \u00c7ERKESK \u00d6ZERK B\u00d6LGES\u0130 TAPANTA (B\u0130BERD=ALBIR\u011eAN) K\u00d6Y\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu k\u00f6y 1925-26 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Alb\u0131r\u011fan K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019nden ayr\u0131lan Abazalar taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur. K\u00f6yde ilk ve ortaokul ve \u00e7ocuk kre\u015fi, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri veren kurulu\u015flar vard\u0131r. Bu k\u00f6yde ya\u015fayan ailelerin say\u0131s\u0131 1997 say\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re 401 ki\u015fidir. K\u00f6yde ya\u015fayan ba\u015fl\u0131ca s\u00fclaleler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n T\u0131ku (\u0422I\u044b\u043aI\u0432\u0430), Meremkul (\u041c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043a\u044a\u0432\u044b\u043b\u044c),\u00a0Ko\u00e7 (\u041aI\u044c\u0430\u0447\u0432), KOPSİRGEN Orhan Baran Kovalca (Biberd) köyü Eskişehir iline 41 km, Bozöyük ilçesine 7 km uzaklıkta bulunan bir Abaza (Aşuwa) köyüdür. Köy halkı 1859 tarihinde Karaçay-Çerkesk Cumhuriyeti’nde bulunan Biberdkıt (bugünkü adı Albırğan) adlı köyden göç edip önce İstanbul’a sonra bugünkü Kovalca köyüne yerleşmişlerdir. Köyün kurucu sülalesi Biberd ailesidir. Apsuwalar, Karaçay Çerkesk Cumhuriyeti’nde yaşayan Abazalara Aşuwa adını […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-turkiyedeki-adige-abhaz-koyleri-hakkinda","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5360","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5360"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5360\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18529,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5360\/revisions\/18529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n(D. 1877) – (\u00d6. 1941, Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye), T\u00fcrk siyaset\u00e7i.<\/p>\n
\nKara\u015fey (\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0439), Kablah (\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0430\u04451), Tebu\u015f (\u0442\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0448),
\n\u015earmet (\u0448\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442), Du\u011f (\u0434\u0443\u04331\u0432), A\u011fu (A\u04331\u0432\u0443), Bekbulat (\u0431\u0435\u043a\u044c\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0442),
\nAlbot (\u0410\u043b\u0431\u043e\u04421), Kam (\u043a1\u0430\u043c), \u00c7upa (\u0447\u0443\u043f\u0430), Dal (\u0434\u0430\u043b) B\u0131c (\u0431\u044b\u0434\u0436\u044c)
\nMeker (\u043c\u0435\u043a\u044c\u0435\u0440), Talustan (\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d), K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 (\u043a\u044a\u044b\u043b\u044b\u0447), Da\u015f (\u0434\u0430\u0448),
\nBala (\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430), Bibard (\u0431\u0438\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434), Karden (\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d), \u015eo\u011fur (\u0448\u043e\u04331\u0432\u0443\u0440), Haceney (\u04451\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0439), Ag\u0131r (\u0410\u0433\u044b\u0440), \u015eererif (\u0449\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444), N\u0131r (\u043d\u044b\u0440),
\nTabis (\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0441), \u00c7egerya (\u0447\u0435\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0439\u0430) Mamuh (\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0443\u04451\u0432), Akayba (\u0410\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0430)<\/p>\n
\nAgir (\u0410\u0433\u044c\u0438\u0440), Ba\u011f (\u0411\u0430\u0433\u044a), B\u0131c (\u0411\u044b\u0434\u0436\u044c), Blinaw (\u0411\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0443), Bar (\u0411\u0430\u0440),
\nBrat (\u0411\u0440\u0430\u0442), Bayramukul (\u0411\u0430\u0439\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u044a\u0432\u044b\u043b\u044c), B\u0131ko (\u0411\u044b\u043a\u044a\u0432\u0430), \u011ean\u015foko=Kan\u015foko (\u0413\u044a\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0432\u043e\u043a\u044a\u0430=\u041a\u044a\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0432\u043e\u043a\u044a\u0430),
\nGogua (\u0413\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0432\u0430), Gumja\u00e7 (\u0413\u044b\u043c\u0436\u0430\u04471), Gerger (\u0413\u044c\u0430\u0440\u0433\u044c\u0430\u0440),
\nCbab (\u0434\u0436\u044c\u0431\u0430\u0431), Can\u00e7or (\u0414\u0436\u044c\u0430\u043d\u0447\u043e\u0440), Dakum (\u0414\u0430\u043a\u044a\u0432\u044b\u043c),
\nCgotan (\u0434\u0436\u044c\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043d), \u0130wan (\u0439\u0443\u0430\u043d), Kam (\u041a1\u0430\u043c), Kad\u0131j (\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0436\u0432),
\nKenca (\u041a\u044c\u0430\u0434\u0436\u044c\u0430), Kur\u00e7\u0131r (\u041a1\u0432\u044b\u0440\u0447\u044b\u0440), Ksal (\u041a\u044a\u0441\u0430\u043b),
\nKablah=K\u0131blah (\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0445=\u041a\u044a\u044b\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0445), Ko\u00e7 (\u041a\u044a\u0432\u0430\u0447), K\u0131k (\u041a\u044c\u044b\u043a1),
\nKumuk (\u041a\u044a\u0432\u044b\u043c\u044b\u043a\u044a\u0432), Kalm\u0131kh (\u041a\u044a\u0430\u043b\u043c\u044b\u0445), Kada\u011faz (\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0433\u044a\u0430\u0437)
\nKopsirgen (\u041a\u044a\u0432\u0430\u043f\u0441\u044b\u0440\u0433\u044c\u0430\u043d), Kua\u015f (\u041a\u044a\u0432\u0430\u0448), Lamko (\u041b\u0430\u043c\u043a\u044a\u0432\u0430),
\nMkhts\u0131 (\u041c\u0445\u0446\u044b), Msroko (\u041c\u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u044a\u0432\u0430), Mussa (\u041c\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0430),
\nMeremkul (Me\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043a\u044a\u0432\u044b\u043b\u044c), Mamkha\u011f (\u041c\u0430\u043c\u0445\u0430\u04331), Hakoh (\u04251\u0430\u043a1\u0432\u0430\u0445\u0432), Nap\u0131c (\u041d\u0430\u043f\u044b\u0434\u0436\u044c), Na\u015fa (\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430), Nap\u015f (\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0449), Waz (\u0423\u0430\u0437),
\nP\u015fmaho (\u041f\u0449\u043c\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430), Paf\u0131r (\u041f\u0430\u0444\u044b\u0440), Tob\u0131l (\u0422\u043e\u0431\u044b\u043b\u044c), Tuk (\u04221\u044b\u043a1\u0432),
\nUr\u0131m (\u0423\u0440\u044b\u043c), Wnaj\u0131r (\u0423\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0432\u044b\u0440), X\u0131rts\u0131j (\u0425\u044b\u0440\u0446\u044b\u0436\u0432), Xoc (\u04251\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0436\u044c),
\nKhbi (\u0425\u0432\u0431\u0438), Ha\u00e7ak\u0131z (\u04251\u0430\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043a\u044c\u044b\u0437), Hakurin (\u04251\u0430\u043a1\u0432\u0440\u0438\u043d),
\nHaratoka (\u04251\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a\u044a\u0432\u0430), Tsamba (\u0426\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0430), \u015ekhay (\u0428\u0445\u0430\u0439),
\n\u015e\u0131bz\u0131kho (\u0449\u044b\u0431\u0437\u044b\u0445\u0432\u0430), \u015eay=Kurc\u0131r (\u0428\u0430\u0439=\u041a1\u0432\u044b\u0440\u0434\u0436\u044c\u044b\u0440),
\n\u015ehago\u015f (\u0428\u04451\u0430\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0449), \u015earmat (\u0428\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442), Fisi\u00e7 (\u0424\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0447).<\/p>\n
\nMalh\u00f6z (\u041c\u0430\u043b\u0445I\u0432\u0430\u0437), \u00c7a\u00e7\u0131r (\u0427I\u0432\u0430\u0447I\u0432\u044b\u0440), Cbab (\u0414\u0436\u044c\u0431\u0430\u0431),
\nAbaza (\u0410\u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430), \u015ekhay (\u0428\u0445\u0430\u0439\u044b), Merem\u015fua (\u041c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0448\u0432\u0430),
\nVur\u0131m (\u0423\u0440\u044b\u043c), \u0130van (\u0419\u0443\u0430\u043d), Kulbek (\u041a\u044a\u0432\u044b\u043b\u0431\u0430\u043a\u044c), Kuj (\u041aI\u0432\u044b\u0436),
\nCut (\u0414\u0436\u044c\u0443\u0442), Tlab\u0131\u00e7e (\u0422\u043b\u044c\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0447\u0430), Kha\u011f (\u0425\u044a\u0430\u0433I\u0432), Kam (\u041aI\u0430\u043c),
\nNakuah (\u041d\u0430\u043aI\u0432\u0430\u0445\u0432), Acbek (\u0410\u0434\u0436\u044c\u0431\u0430\u043a\u044c), U\u015fa= Umar (\u0423\u0448\u0430=\u0423\u043c\u0430\u0440),
\nMudar (\u041c\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440), T\u015fmakh (\u0422\u0449\u043c\u0430\u0445\u0432), Tob\u0131l (\u0422\u043e\u0431\u044b\u043b\u044c), Karden (\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d), Kabard (\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434), Cen\u0131kua=Can\u0131kua (\u0414\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b\u043a\u044a=\u0414\u0436\u0430\u043d\u044b\u043a\u044a)<\/p>\n
\nTob\u0131l (\u0422\u043e\u0431\u044b\u043b\u044c),\u00a0 Nehu\u015f (\u041d\u0430\u0445\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0432), \u015ehagua\u015f (\u0428\u0432\u0445I\u0430\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0449),
\n\u0130van (\u0418\u0443\u0430\u043d), Taur (\u0422\u0430\u0443\u044b\u0440), Azar (\u0410\u0437\u0430\u0440), Bic (\u0411\u0438\u0434\u0436\u044c), Gogua (\u0413\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0432\u0430), Kalm\u0131kh (\u041a\u044a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043c\u044b\u0445), Khtur (\u0425\u0442I\u0443\u0443\u044b\u0440), Degune (\u0414\u0430\u0433\u0432\u044b\u043d),
\nKur\u00e7\u0131r (\u041a\u044a\u0432\u044b\u0440\u0447\u044b\u0440), Kad\u0131j (\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0436\u0432).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"