![\"\"](\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/OSET-SANAT-TARIHI-b.png\")
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Valery Tsagarayev Bu Makalenin Orjinali “Ossetian Art” ad\u0131 ile <\/span> http:\/\/darial.ru\/~ir-art\/OsetArt.html\u00a0 adl\u0131 sitede yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Orta Kafkaslar\u0131n g\u00fcney ve kuzey yama\u00e7lar\u0131, Hint-Avrupa dili ve etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bir ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olan Osetlerce iskan edilir. Bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131, Osetlerin genetik olarak Kuzey \u0130ran Kabileleri ile Tuna\u2019dan HuangHo\u2019ya ve Urallardan Hint Okyanusuna kadar uzanan geni\u015f bir co\u011frafyaya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan \u0130skit, Sarmat, Alan adlar\u0131yla bilinen halktan geldiklerine dair tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez kan\u0131tlar edineli 1.5 as\u0131rdan fazla zaman ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bu halk ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Avrupa, Ortado\u011fu ve \u00c7in medeniyetlerine benzemeyen, kendi e\u015fsiz k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sanat\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7lerin girdab\u0131nda, pek \u00e7ok halk\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne, konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 dillerde ve bir\u00e7ok yer isminde izlerini b\u0131rakarak, kendi deneyim ve bilgilerini katm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Fakat k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin \u00f6nemi sadece bu katk\u0131 ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Avrupa ovalar\u0131n\u0131n tehlike ve zorluklarla dolu geni\u015f d\u00fczl\u00fcklerinde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelerek g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015flerdir. Do\u011fa g\u00fc\u00e7leri ve insan yazg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 i\u00e7e oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in her zaman yeterli zamanlar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Do\u011fa ve insan aras\u0131ndaki bu ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 anlayarak Tanr\u0131, D\u00fcnya ve \u0130nsan aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi kavrad\u0131lar. Rigveda ve Avesta kutsal metinlerini yaratanlar bu topraklar\u0131n sakinleriydi. Avrasya\u2019n\u0131n, b\u00fcy\u00fck antik Roma ve \u00c7in medeniyetlerini y\u0131kan, destans\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu yerler buralard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Feodal toplum olgusunun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sonu\u00e7 olarak Avrupa k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve yeni d\u00f6nem sanat\u0131n\u0131n temellerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerler bu topraklard\u0131r. Orta \u00e7a\u011f Alanya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 olan Osetler b\u00fcy\u00fck bir varolma direnci g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir. \u0130skit dilinin tek canl\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 olarak antik dillerini korumu\u015flard\u0131r. Osetler kendilerini, Aryanlar\u0131n efsanevi yurdu \u201cAryan Vaichakh\u201d (Aryan b\u00f6lgesi) ismine ve Hint-Avrupa kabilelerinin ortak ad\u0131 olan \u201carja\u201d kelimesine kadar giden \u201c\u0130ron\u201d kelimesiyle adland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Bu ger\u00e7ek sadece Hint ve Yunan mitolojilerinde de\u011fil, ayr\u0131ca y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131n derinliklerinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcregelmi\u015f olan Oset-Alan kahramanl\u0131k destanlar\u0131 \u201cNartlar\u201dda da g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Alan-Osetler atalar\u0131n\u0131n sadece linguistik de\u011fil etnik hazinelerini, geleneksel etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini de korumu\u015flard\u0131r. Alan-Osetlerin dinsel-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda evrenin, Kutsal D\u00fcnya A\u011fac\u0131 (D\u00fcnya Da\u011f\u0131), genel antik Hint-Avrupa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi hakimdir.<\/span><\/p>\n A\u011fac\u0131n en \u00fcst\u00fcnde tanr\u0131sal g\u00fcne\u015f binicisi Baba Tanr\u0131 ve a\u011fac\u0131n yani D\u00fcnyan\u0131n k\u00f6klerini besleyen ve \u0131s\u0131tan Ana Tanr\u0131\u00e7a bulunur.Bu unsurlar\u0131n ve kendi aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin sembolizmi hayvan formunda kendini g\u00f6sterir ve buda sonu\u00e7 olarak geleneksel Oset s\u00fcslemesini olu\u015fturur. Di\u011fer taraftan Oset s\u00fcsleme k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce Osetya\u2019n\u0131n kuzey ve g\u00fcney b\u00f6lgelerinde varolmu\u015f olan Kuban k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bir devam\u0131d\u0131r. Bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr bize ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bronz nesneler b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bronz nesnelerin 19. yy\u2019daki ke\u015ffi Truva\u2019n\u0131n ke\u015ffiyle ayn\u0131 de\u011fere sahiptir.<\/p>\n Kuban s\u00fcsleme k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn dinsel sembolizmi Hint-Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n antik Kozmos ifade sistemine benzer ve pek \u00e7ok y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u0130skit ve geleneksel Oset plastik sanatlar\u0131yla paralellik ta\u015f\u0131r. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir di\u011fer soru ise yap\u0131sal prensipleri bozulmadan varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren bu g\u00f6rsel s\u00fcslemecili\u011fi neyin ortaya a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n Cevap antik insanlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sisteminde yatar. Hayvansal form sadece antik insan\u0131n maddi k\u00fclt\u00fcr alanlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcslememi\u015f ayn\u0131 zamanda kendi i\u00e7inde insan\u0131n ruhsal d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan ve koruyan kutsal metinleri de ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nesilden nesile, ta\u015f ve a\u011fa\u00e7 oymac\u0131lar\u0131, demirciler, yetenekli ke\u00e7e, deri ve sim i\u015flemecileri bu s\u00fcslemeleri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kutsal sembolleri olarak sanat eserlerine i\u015flemi\u015flerdir. Bu ustalar\u0131n sonuncular\u0131, Soslan Adziev ve Aminat Chekhoeva bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve zengin bir sanatsal miras b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n \u0130lk profesyonel Oset sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 bu etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcrel k\u00f6kenden gelmi\u015f ve bunu yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n Avrupa k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ile birle\u015ftirmi\u015flerdir. Bunlardan bir tanesi, Yevlenski ve Kandinsky\u2019nin arkada\u015f\u0131, \u00fcnl\u00fc M\u00fcnihli \u00f6\u011fretmen Anton Ashbe\u2019nin \u00f6\u011frencisi Makharbek Tuganov\u2019dur. Kendisi sosyal ger\u00e7eklik \u00fclkesinde neo-primitivizm ve ekspresyonizm d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini savunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n Oset g\u00fczel sanatlar\u0131n\u0131n yazg\u0131s\u0131 baz\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Rus sanat\u0131n\u0131n yazg\u0131s\u0131ndan pek farl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Di\u011fer merkezlere uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir dereceye kadar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz sanatsal y\u00f6ntemleriyle ili\u015fkiye girmesine engel olmu\u015ftur. Ayn\u0131 zamanda halk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ile ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 kopartmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bu da orijinal imgeler yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in e\u015fsiz bir ortam sa\u011flar. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda olmas\u0131 gereken \u015fey sonunda olmu\u015ftur. Osetya\u2019n\u0131n modern sanat k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc arkaik \u015feklini, halk geleneklerinin yal\u0131n halini geri alarak onu yeni, modern bir g\u00f6rsel form ile i\u015flemi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn modern sanatlarda neo-primitivizm, ekspresyonizm, romantik s\u00fcrrealizm gibi \u00e7ok bilinen ak\u0131mlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yeni ak\u0131mlar, teknolojiler ve uygulamalar g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Osetya\u2019n\u0131n sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya modern sanat d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n anlayaca\u011f\u0131 kadar a\u00e7\u0131k bir dille ve etnik k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin kutsal metinlerini kullanarak hitap etmektedir ve bu da onlar\u0131n sanat\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten de\u011ferli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Valery Tsagarayev Çeviri: Erdoğan Boz Bu Makalenin Orjinali “Ossetian Art” adı ile http:\/\/darial.ru\/~ir-art\/OsetArt.html adlı sitede yayımlanmıştır. Orta Kafkasların güney ve kuzey yamaçları, Hint-Avrupa dili ve etnik kültürünün bir taşıyıcısı olan Osetlerce iskan edilir. Bilim dünyası, Osetlerin genetik olarak Kuzey İran Kabileleri ile Tuna’dan HuangHo’ya ve Urallardan Hint Okyanusuna kadar uzanan geniş bir coğrafyaya yayılmış olan 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\n<\/b><\/span> \u00c7eviri: Erdo\u011fan Boz<\/span><\/p>\n