![\"\"](\"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ADIGELERIN-YENI-YIL-KUTLAMALARI-23-MART-b.png\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Dr. YED\u0130C Bat\u0131ray \u00d6zbek<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Yeni y\u0131l\u0131 Adigeler\u00a0 23 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc kabul ederler ve kutlarlard\u0131. Mart’\u0131n 22’sinde kat\u0131r \u00fcst\u00fcndeki bir tellal k\u00f6y\u00fc dola\u015farak ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131lacak olan kutlama merasimi i\u00e7in\u00a0 herkesin Kutsal A\u011fa\u00e7<\/strong>‘\u0131n (\u0427\u044a\u044b\u0433\u044b\u0443\u0434\u0436\u044b<\/strong>) yan\u0131na gelmesi ilan edilirdi. Tellal\u0131n ilan\u0131 biter bitmez ellerinde me\u015falelerle gen\u00e7 k\u0131zlarla delikanl\u0131lar yeni y\u0131l \u015fark\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek ev ev dola\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu \u015fark\u0131n\u0131n m\u0131sralar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n Da\u011flar\u0131n avlular\u0131n\u00a0 \u00f6tesinden do\u011farak Gen\u00e7ler u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 her hanede sevin\u00e7le kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131rlar, g\u00fczel s\u00f6zlerden sonra onlara yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecekler verilirdi. O gece yatmadan \u00f6nce t\u00fcm aileler lambalar\u0131n\u0131, ocak ate\u015flerini yakarak ayd\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7inde b\u0131rak\u0131rlard\u0131. Sabahleyin g\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fmadan \u015fen ve \u015fakrak seslerle herkes kutsal say\u0131lan a\u011fac\u0131n yan\u0131na giderlerdi.<\/p>\n Bu kutsal a\u011fa\u00e7 el ele onlarca ki\u015finin etraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evirebilecek \u015fekilde ulu bir \u00e7\u0131nar a\u011fac\u0131d\u0131r. Bu e\u011flence i\u00e7in g\u00f6revliler insanlar gelmeden \u00f6nce kuma\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131yla a\u011fac\u0131 s\u00fcslerler ve yeni kurban edilmi\u015f hayvanlar\u0131n derilerini asarlard\u0131.<\/p>\n G\u00fcne\u015f do\u011farken insanlar y\u00fczlerini o a\u011faca ve g\u00fcne\u015fe \u00e7evirerek dikilirlerdi. Dua edecek ki\u015finin bir elinde i\u00e7i bachs\u0131me<\/strong> dolu bir tas, di\u011fer elinde bir hal\u0131j\u00f6<\/strong>, sa\u011f\u0131nda ve solunda bir erkek ve k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu olacak \u015fekilde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karak dikilirdi. Herkes ellerini g\u00fcne\u015fe do\u011fru uzat\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n \u00d6ndeki ya\u015fl\u0131 kimse g\u00fcne\u015fe bakarak \u015f\u00f6yle dua ederdi:<\/p>\n ”Yeni y\u0131l evlerimize iyi nasipler getirsin. Hastal\u0131klardan uzak, d\u00fcnya bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde, oca\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bol r\u0131zk, sa\u011fl\u0131k g\u00f6nl\u00fcm\u00fczden ge\u00e7irdi\u011fimiz her iyi \u015feylere ellerimiz ula\u015farak, mutluluk i\u00e7inde yeni y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7irmemizi Tanr\u0131’dan diliyorum. Amin<\/strong>”<\/p>\n Bu duadan sonra beraberlerinde getirdikleri yiyecekleri ortaya koyarak hep beraber b\u00fcy\u00fck daireler yaparlar oturarak beraberce ‘hoch<\/strong>‘ yaparak yiyip i\u00e7erlerdi. Arkas\u0131ndan V\u0131c<\/strong> oynan\u0131r, yeni y\u0131lla ilgili \u015fark\u0131lar s\u00f6ylenirdi. Gen\u00e7ler at yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 yapar, deri kapmaca, at g\u00fcre\u015fleri yaparlar ve b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcn e\u011flenirlerdi.<\/p>\n \u0130lkbaharla birlikte \u00e7e\u015fitli e\u011flenceler ve dini merasimler d\u00fczenlenirdi. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f tarihi \u00e7ok gerilere giden merasimlerden birisi de Achin ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Achin, Adigelerde koyunlar\u0131n ve boynuzlu hayvanlar\u0131n koruyucu tanr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131y\u0131 boyunda oturan Adigelerde ise ev ve ocak tanr\u0131s\u0131 olarak kabul edilirdi. Achin Adige inan\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re her ilkbaharda (ekim ay\u0131nda diyenlerde vard\u0131r) kendine kurban edilmesi i\u00e7in bir inek se\u00e7erdi. \u00c7obanlar da, s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7inden di\u011fer ineklerden daha ba\u015fka bir \u015fekilde ba\u011f\u0131rarak kendini belli eden hayvan\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131. Kurbanl\u0131k hayvan s\u00fctle y\u0131kan\u0131r ve sonra serbest b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131 ve inek istedi\u011fi yere giderdi. Sahibi ve di\u011fer halk uzaktan arkas\u0131n\u0131 takip ederlerdi. Bundan dolay\u0131 Adigeler bu olaya ‘Achin y\u0131 \u015fem tler\u0131kIo’ yani ‘Achinin kendi ba\u015f\u0131na buyruk ine\u011fi’ derlerdi. Bu gidi\u015finde ba\u015fka k\u00f6ylerden ge\u00e7erse oran\u0131n halk\u0131da, yanlar\u0131na kara ke\u00e7ilerini alarak kat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Hepsi ellerinde Tch\u0131ye bu kutsal ine\u011fi takip ederlerdi. Hanceri\u2019nin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re Abchaz s\u00fclalesi Tz\u0131sbe- \u0426\u044b\u0441\u0431\u0435 ler tanr\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7ti\u011fi se\u00e7kin bir ailedir ve Achin her \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131lda bir bu s\u00fclalenin s\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcnden kurbanl\u0131k ine\u011fini secerdi. \u0130nek Wub\u0131h \u00fclkesine girer ve \u015ea\u00e7elerle, Varden’lerin topraklar\u0131nadan ge\u00e7erek \u015ea\u00e7eler\u2019de, \u00c7\u0131zemuchu’lar\u0131n Varden’lerde ise Zeyf’lerin avlusunda duraklar ve dinlenirdi. Daha sonra \u015e\u00e7ache nehrini ge\u00e7erek Shapsugh \u00fclkesine gelirdi. Kutsal inek \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n her yerinden ge\u00e7ebilirken, insanlar s\u0131\u011f ge\u00e7it veren yeri ararlard\u0131. Kurbanl\u0131k inek daha sonra nehir suyunu takip ederek kaynaklar\u0131na do\u011fru ilerlerlerdi.<\/p>\n \u0130nek Achin\u2019in ad\u0131na vaftiz edilen kutsal a\u011fac\u0131n alt\u0131na otururdu. Buras\u0131, ye\u015fillik temiz ve as\u0131rl\u0131k bir a\u011fa\u00e7 ve a\u011fac\u0131n dallar\u0131nda ona adak olarak getirilen silahlar as\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu bir yerdi. \u0130nsanlar bu kutsal yere yakla\u015f\u0131nca \u015fapkalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar ve oturarak dinlenirlerdi. Yemeden i\u00e7meden geceyi orada ge\u00e7irdikten sonra orada yap\u0131lan bir dua ile \u0130nek ve ona tak\u0131l\u0131p gelen insanlar\u0131n getirdikleri kara ke\u00e7ilerde kurban edilirdi.<\/p>\n Yine Hanceri\u2019nin yazd\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan dua Wub\u0131h\u00e7a olurdu. Tespit edilen \u015fu s\u00f6zc\u00fckler vard\u0131 duada:<\/p>\n \u041e \u0442\u0438 \u0422\u0445\u044c\u044d\u0443 ! \u041e \u0410\u0445\u0438\u043d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ulu tanr\u0131 ! Sen Achin Di\u011fer bir duada ise Achin\u2019in yaln\u0131z hayvanlar tanr\u0131s\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00f6rev alan\u0131n\u0131n daha da geni\u015fledi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Achin i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan kurban merasimi \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 dini kurallarla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u0130nek kurban edildikten sonra, her seferinde ba\u015fka yerde olmak \u00fczere; -derisinin y\u00fcz\u00fclmesi- etin par\u00e7alanarak ayr\u0131lmas\u0131- pi\u015firilmesi ve yenmesi olmak \u00fczere, \u00fc\u00e7 merhalede ger\u00e7ekle\u015firdi. Etler, Yed\u0131c adl\u0131 birisinin getirerek, ortaya koydu\u011fu koca bir kazana konarak pi\u015firilirdi. Merasimin her ad\u0131m\u0131nda \u015fark\u0131lar s\u00f6ylenir, danslar yap\u0131l\u0131r ve e\u011flenilirdi. Kurban edilen b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015f hayvan\u0131n kafas\u0131, ayaklar\u0131 derisine sar\u0131larak kutsal a\u011fac\u0131n alt\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcrken, karaci\u011feri geni\u015f alandaki bir \u00e7ay\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa konulur ve ortas\u0131na da \u015farap dolu ‘b\u0131j’ ad\u0131 verilen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir f\u0131\u00e7\u0131 konurdu. Bu f\u0131\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7indeki \u015farap yaln\u0131zca Achin i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen e\u011flencede i\u00e7ilebilirdi. Ancak bir g\u00fcn Wub\u0131hlar\u0131n Taebe ailesinden birisi, misafirine ikram edece\u011fi \u015farab\u0131 kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bu kutsal f\u0131\u00e7\u0131dan \u015farap alma k\u00fcstahl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Gece yar\u0131s\u0131 f\u0131\u00e7\u0131 patlar ve \u015farap akar gider ve o g\u00fcnden bu yana da Ach\u0131n’\u0131n kutsal ine\u011fi de kaybolur, bir daha da geri gelmez.<\/p>\n \u00dcnl\u00fc Ethnolog, Chut \u015eam\u0131sdin’in halk anlat\u0131mlar\u0131ndan faydalanarak yazd\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re Ach\u0131n iri yar\u0131 \u00e7ok kuvvetli bir erkekti. Elinde \u00e7ok iri ve uzun, ucu demirli bir de\u011fne\u011fi vard\u0131. Bu de\u011fnekle da\u011fdan da\u011fa nehirden nehire atlayabiliyordu. Bir hafta durmadan dinlenmeden \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, ertesi hafta ise dinlenirdi.<\/p>\n Achin\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc hakk\u0131ndaki hikayeyi \u00fcnl\u00fc etnograf Lavrov’dan dinleyelim: ”Achin \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir k\u0131zla evlenir. Her ikisi de bir birini seviyorlard\u0131. Ancak k\u0131z\u0131n babas\u0131 bu evlili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Kay\u0131n babas\u0131 Achin uyurken, damad\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fne\u011finin bir ka\u00e7 yerinden hafif\u00e7e keser. Uyan\u0131p da \u015e\u00e7ache nehrini her g\u00fcnk\u00fc gibi de\u011fne\u011fin yard\u0131m\u0131yla atlamaya kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131nca k\u0131r\u0131larak co\u015fkun sulara d\u00fc\u015fer ve bo\u011fularak \u00f6l\u00fcr. O g\u00fcnden sonrada Achin’in bereketli s\u00fcr\u00fcleri de kay\u0131p olur. Onun ad\u0131n\u0131 ebedile\u015ftirecek \u015fekilde Karadeniz’e 4-5 km. uzakl\u0131kta, \u015e\u00e7ache nehrinin solunda Ach\u0131ntam-\u0410\u0445\u044b\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c, Ach\u0131nehable k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc kurarlar. Abedzechler halen onun kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fareti olarak \u015fu deyimi kullan\u0131rlar: Ach\u0131n ar m\u0131\u011fo pfechun-\u0410\u0445\u044b\u043d \u0430\u0440 \u043c\u044b\u0433\u044a\u043e \u043f\u0444\u044d\u0445\u044a\u0443\u043d,<\/p>\n Savserez\/Sosresch(Sosre\u015f)\/Sosrezh\/Seozeres\/Soseresch\/Sseo\u00dfe=res, Sular ve denizler tanr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Nart efsanelerinde ise aile ve ocak tanr\u0131s\u0131 olarak kendisinden s\u00f6z edilmektedir. Trubetzkoy’un bize 1900 y\u0131llarda Shapsughlar aras\u0131nda tespit ederek aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 tanr\u0131lardan birisidir. Seoseres deniz \u00fcst\u00fcnde y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek gidebildi\u011fi gibi daha ba\u015fka mucizelere de sahipti. Bu nedenle \u00e7ok gururland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Tha bir aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 keserek onu cezaland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n Savs\u0131r\u0131qo’nun a\u011fac\u0131 tek bacakl\u0131 kabul edilir. \u0130lkbaharda onun ad\u0131na kurban kesilir \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn boyunca merasimler d\u00fczenlenirdi ve \u015f\u00f6lenler yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Adigeler onun \u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fc bir denizci ve dalgalarla r\u00fczgar\u0131n onun egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funa da inan\u0131rlard\u0131. Bilhassa \u00c7erkesya k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Adigeler aras\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. K\u0131y\u0131 boyunca onun ad\u0131na ulu kabul edilen a\u011fa\u00e7lar ibadet yeri olarak kullan\u0131lmakta ve ondan yard\u0131m beklemektedirler. Her bah\u00e7ede bulunan kurumu\u015f bir armut a\u011fac\u0131 onu sembolize ederdi. Bu a\u011fa\u00e7 y\u0131l boyunca iyice korunur ve kimse ellemeye ya da yakmaya k\u0131rmaya cesaret edemezdi. Kutsal g\u00fcn\u00fcn ak\u015fam\u0131 bu a\u011fa\u00e7 korundu\u011fu yerden al\u0131n\u0131r suya at\u0131l\u0131r ve y\u0131kan\u0131rd\u0131. Arkas\u0131nda en \u00fcst tepesine peynir ba\u011fland\u0131ktan sonra kutsal ayine kat\u0131lan misafirlerin say\u0131s\u0131 kadar mum ya da me\u015faleler tak\u0131larak bezlerle vs. s\u00fcslenirdi. Daha sonra da evin i\u00e7ine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. Aile b\u00fcy\u00fck sevin\u00e7le, tanr\u0131n\u0131n gelmesini kar\u015f\u0131lar ve sevinirdi. R\u00fczgarlar\u0131n ve dalgalar\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131 evin i\u00e7ine al\u0131nmadan \u00f6nce bir kurban da kesilir ve \u015f\u00f6len de haz\u0131rlan\u0131rd\u0131. \u015e\u00f6lenler arada s\u0131rada dualarla kesilerek \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7 gece devam ederdi. Dualar\u0131nda tanr\u0131n\u0131n insanlar\u0131 f\u0131rt\u0131nalardan ve dalgalar\u0131n \u015ferrinden korumas\u0131 i\u00e7in yalvar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra peynir al\u0131n\u0131r ve merasime kat\u0131lanlar aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131t\u0131larak yenirdi. Kutsal a\u011fa\u00e7 merasimle avluya al\u0131n\u0131r ve bir daha ki ilkbahar ay\u0131na kadar korundu\u011fu yerine konulur tanr\u0131ya da iyi yolculuklar dilenirdi. Seoseres\u2019in yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve ertesi y\u0131l ayn\u0131 mevsimde geri gelece\u011fine inan\u0131rlard\u0131. Seoseres iki karde\u015fi oldu\u011funa inan\u0131rlard\u0131; S\u00fcr\u00fclerin ve \u00c7ift\u00e7ilerin tanr\u0131s\u0131.<\/p>\n Bodenstedt (1849, 210-202) bulutlar\u0131n da tanr\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve kara sular\u0131na da egemen oldu\u011funu eklemektedir. \u00c7ift\u00e7iler ya\u011fmur ya\u011fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, kurakl\u0131ktan yanan topra\u011fa su d\u00f6kerek; psetl\u0131cho ke\u015fen\u0131n’\u0131, kad\u0131n beyini, anne o\u011flunu suyla \u0131slat\u0131r ve bu suyun akarsuda denize ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131na neticede de kurban adaklar\u0131n\u0131 akarsular\u0131n g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek Seoseres\u2019e ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlard\u0131. Merasimde “kutsal Meryem, tanr\u0131n\u0131n annesi, bizlerden dertleri \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcleri uzak tut, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve zenginlik ver” diyerek dua ederlerdi. Dubrowin, N. eserinde ayn\u0131 dini merasimin ayr\u0131ca t\u00fcm yerle\u015fim alan\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n da kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131yla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da eklemektedir.<\/p>\n Tha\u011fel\u0131c-\u0422\u0445\u044c\u044d\u0433\u044a\u044d\u043b\u044b\u0434\u0436\/ Thekhaleik\/Tha\u011felec\/Thekofeshu, Nart kahramanlar\u0131ndan birisidir ve daha sonralar\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin ve bereket tanr\u0131s\u0131 rol\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir. \u0130ki karde\u015fi vard\u0131r; Am\u0131\u015f ve Mam\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n \u0130lkbaharda \u00e7ift s\u00fcrmeye gitmeden \u00f6nce gen\u00e7ler el ele tutu\u015farak bereket tanr\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fark\u0131lar s\u00f6yleyerek, yalvararak ekilecek topraklar dola\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131. \u00c7ift\u00e7iler grup grup olurlar ve onlara “zetzey-\u0437\u044d\u0446\u044d\u0439” ya da “zetze\u011fu-\u0437\u044d\u0446\u044d\u0433\u044a\u0443” denirdi. Me\u015f1odz Serbi’nin yazd\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re her gurubun bir thamadesi olurdu. Thamade topra\u011fa ilk karasaban\u0131 saplayaca\u011f\u0131 yeri belirlerdi. Orada \u00f6k\u00fczlerin boynuzlar\u0131na, karasabana, saban\u0131n devirdi\u011fi ilk topra\u011fa bachs\u0131me d\u00f6kerek Tha\u011fel\u0131c\u2019e adak yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n Topra\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yere bir bayrak dikilir ve bu bayra\u011fa bakarak dinlenme zamanlar\u0131 tespit edilirdi. \u00c7ift s\u00fcrme g\u00fcnlerinde \u00f6nceleri Pazar, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olunduktan sonra Cuma g\u00fcnleri dinlenilirdi. \u00c7ift s\u00fcrme g\u00fcnlerinde yeni evlilerin hi\u00e7 biri e\u015flerinin yan\u0131na gidemezlerdi, gidenler cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Tha\u011felec’\u0131n duas\u0131;<\/p>\n \u0422\u044d \u0442\u0438 \u0422\u0445\u044c\u0430\u0433\u044a\u044d\u043b\u044b\u0434\u0436\u044d\u0443, \u043e\u0443-\u043e\u0443, Yem\u0131\u015f\u00e7-\u0415\u043c\u044b\u0449\/Fem\u0131\u015f\u00e7, Neumann’a g\u00f6re (184 ;109) Adige kutsallar\u0131ndan birisidir ve Tokarew (1968; 247) koyunlar\u0131n ve hayvanlar\u0131n koruyucu mele\u011fidir. Bu koruyucu mele\u011fin ad\u0131na sonbaharda e\u011flenceler yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Ancak Yem\u0131\u015f\u00e7 koruyucu melek de\u011fil koyunlar\u0131n koruyucu tanr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7la ilkbaharda ko\u00e7lar s\u00fcr\u00fcden ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar ve iyice beslenirdi. Sonbaharda ko\u00e7lar boyan\u0131r, aynalar tak\u0131l\u0131r, \u015fekerler tak\u0131l\u0131r ve koyunlar\u0131n aras\u0131na sal\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. \u00c7ocuk ve delikanl\u0131lar ko\u00e7lar\u0131 yakalayarak tak\u0131lan e\u015fya ve yiyecekleri almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n \u0130lkbahar ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan merasimde ellerinde yiyecek i\u00e7eceklerle ve t\u00fcfeklerle birlikte \u00e7obanlar\u0131n yan\u0131na giderlerdi. \u0130\u00e7lerindeki en ya\u015fl\u0131 olan\u0131 elindeki i\u00e7ki dolu boynuzu g\u00f6k y\u00fcz\u00fcne ve bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 topra\u011fa bakarak iyi dileklerini i\u00e7eren ‘hoacho’ y\u0131 s\u00f6ylerdi:<\/p>\n \u0423\u044d\u0433\u0443\u0443 \u043a\u044a\u0430\u0449\u0445\u0443\u044d, \u041a\u044a\u044b\u043f\u044d\u0434\u0436\u044d\u0433\u0443\u043a1-\u043d\u044b\u043f\u044d\u0434\u0436\u044d\u0433\u0443\u043a1\u044b\u043c, Bu duadan sonra elindeki i\u00e7kiden bir yudum al\u0131r ve yan\u0131ndakine vererek dola\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Erkekler ellerindeki dolu t\u00fcfekleri \u00e7obana do\u011fru \u00e7evirerek havaya ate\u015f ederlerdi. Arkas\u0131ndan ko\u00e7lar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcye katarlard\u0131. Koyunlar\u0131n \u00e7iftle\u015fmesi de bu merasimden sonra ba\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n Merasim yap\u0131lmadan do\u011fan kuzular haram kabul edilirdi. Hatta bu kuzular\u0131n yenmedi\u011fi de s\u00f6ylenirdi. Koyunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ko\u00e7lara el s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, di\u015filerin \u00fcst\u00fcne de dar\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bereskej\u0131y, \u00e7ar\u015famba, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kla H\u0131ristiyan diniyle birlikte eski Yunanca’dan al\u0131nmad\u0131r. \u0130lkbaharda \u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcnleri Adigeler et yemezlerdi.<\/p>\n \u00c7ift s\u00fcrme merasimi, ilkbaharda, topra\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce k\u00f6y\u00fcn en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve kuvvetli \u00f6k\u00fcz \u00e7iftinin etraf\u0131nda toplan\u0131p merasimle boynuzlar\u0131nda yumurta k\u0131rmak Adige geleneklerindendir.<\/p>\n G\u00f6k g\u00fcrlemesi, ilkbaharda g\u00f6k ilk kez g\u00fcrleyince, su kayna\u011f\u0131na ko\u015fulur su getirilir ve bu suyla Har\u0131pIe pi\u015firilir ve tuz biberle yenilirdi. Hayvanlar da hemen suya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ve su i\u00e7irilirdi. Kim ki en \u00f6nce bu sudan eve getirir, bu evde bolluk ve bereket olaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlard\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca k\u0131\u015f\u0131n g\u00f6k g\u00fcrleyip ya\u011fmur ya\u011fmadan kar yenmezdi. Burada tanr\u0131 \u015e\u0131ble’ye duyulan inan\u00e7 ve sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rebiliyoruz.<\/p>\n Paskalya Yortusu, Adigelerin H\u0131ristiyan dininde olduklar\u0131 y\u0131llarda Mart ay\u0131nda kutlad\u0131klar\u0131 bir bayramd\u0131r. Bu ayda ve yortu boyunca ne bor\u00e7 al\u0131r, verirlerdi, ne de hediye al\u0131p verirlerdi. Her aile ay\u0131n sonunda dini bayram\u0131n\u0131 kendi evinde kutlard\u0131. Di\u011fer y\u00f6relerdeki akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n da dini e\u011flencelere kat\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in her aile ba\u015fka bir g\u00fcnde kutlama e\u011flencelerini yapard\u0131.<\/p>\n G\u00fcn do\u011farken t\u00fcfekle havaya ate\u015f edilince paskalya e\u011flencenin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilan edilmi\u015f olurdu. K\u00f6yde oturanlar kutsal a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerlere ak\u0131n ak\u0131n gelirler ve gerekli dini ayinler yap\u0131l\u0131r ve kurbanlar kesilirdi. Merasime kat\u0131lan insanlara bak\u0131larak kurbanl\u0131k hayvanlar kesilirdi. Hep beraber yemek yendikten sonra yumurtalar ortaya konulurdu. E\u011flenceler s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131n ucuna konan yumurtalara ate\u015f etmekle sona ererdi. At\u0131\u015flarda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlara kurban edilen hayvanlar\u0131n p\u00f6stekileri hediye edilirdi.<\/p>\n Cor-\u0434\u0436\u043e\u0440, \u00c7e\u015fitli anlamlar\u0131 vard\u0131r;<\/p>\n 1) <\/strong>Ha\u00e7. Dr. YEDİC Batıray Özbek Yeni yılı Adigeler 23 Mart gününü kabul ederler ve kutlarlardı. Mart’ın 22’sinde katır üstündeki bir tellal köyü dolaşarak ertesi günü yapılacak olan kutlama merasimi için herkesin Kutsal Ağaç‘ın (Чъыгыуджы) yanına gelmesi ilan edilirdi. Tellalın ilanı biter bitmez ellerinde meşalelerle genç kızlarla delikanlılar yeni yıl şarkısını söyleyerek ev ev dolaşırlardı. Bu şarkının […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kultur-ana-sayfa","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7391","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7391"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7391\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18893,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7391\/revisions\/18893"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nYeni y\u0131l ne\u015fe i\u00e7inde geliyor.
\nGel, \u00e7i\u00e7eklerle dolu ilkbahar
\nYery\u00fcz\u00fc ayd\u0131nl\u0131k, mutluklarla ta\u015fm\u0131\u015f
\nG\u00f6nl\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc \u00e7alan ve ne\u015feyle dolduran,
\nTanr\u0131 bereketli g\u00fcnleri getiriyor.<\/p>\n
\n\u0421\u044b\u043a1\u043e\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u044a\u044b\u0441\u044d\u0442\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gitsem de ver
\n\u041a\u044a\u0430\u043a1\u043e\u0445\u044d\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u044a\u044b\u0441\u044d\u0442 !\u00a0\u00a0 Gelseler de ver !<\/p>\n
\n\u0426\u043e\u0431\u0437\u044d \u04481\u043e\u0431\u0437\u044b\u0440 \u0442\u044d\u0443\u043f\u0441, \u043e\u0443-\u0440\u0430,
\n\u0426\u043e\u0431\u0437\u044d 1\u0443\u043b\u044a\u0445\u044c\u044d\u0440, \u043e\u0443-\u043e\u0443,
\n\u0413\u044a\u044d \u043c\u044d\u0449\u044b\u04481\u044d\u0440 \u0434\u044d\u0442\u044d\u0433\u044a\u044d\u043a1,\u043e\u0443-\u0440\u0430,
\n\u0414\u044d\u0449-\u0434\u044d\u043a1 \u0434\u044d\u0448\u044a\u0445\u044c\u0430\u043b\u044a\u044d\u0443, \u043e\u0443-\u043e\u0443,
\n\u0428\u044a\u044d\u0445\u044c\u0430\u043b\u044a\u044d \u04481\u043e\u0439 \u0445\u044d\u043c\u044b\u0442\u044d\u0443,\u043e\u0443-\u0440\u0430,
\n\u0426\u044d\u0443 \u0442\u044d\u0442\u044b\u0440 \u0434\u0436\u044d\u043d\u044d \u0433\u0443\u0430\u043f\u044d\u043c \u0444\u044d\u0434\u044d\u0443 \u0443\u0448\u044a\u0443\u0430\u0448\u044a\u043e\u0443 \u043e\u0443-\u043e\u0443,
\n\u0410\u0448\u044a\u043e \u0433\u044a\u0443\u0430\u043f\u044d\u043c \u0444\u044d\u0434\u044d\u0443 \u043e\u043d\u0442\u044d\u0433\u044a\u043e\u0443, \u043e\u0443-\u0440\u0430,
\n\u0416\u044a\u043e\u0433\u044a\u044d \u0431\u0437\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0440 \u0437\u044d\u0440\u0438\u0449\u044d\u0443 \u043e\u0443-\u0440\u0430,
\n\u0429\u0430\u0443\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0448\u044a\u0445\u044c\u0430\u0443\u043a\u044a\u044d\u0443, \u043e\u0443-\u0440\u0430,
\n\u0413\u044a\u044d\u0436\u044a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0433\u044a\u0443\u0440 \u0437\u044d\u0431\u0433\u044a\u0443\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044d\u0443, \u043e\u0443-\u043e\u0443,
\n\u0410\u0437\u044b\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u0434\u044d\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043d\u044b\u0441\u044d\u0449\u044d \u0434\u0436\u044d\u0433\u0443 \u0445\u044d\u0442\u04481\u044b\u043a1\u044d\u0443, \u043e\u0443-\u0440\u0430,
\n\u041e \u043a\u044a\u044b\u0442\u044d\u0442, \u043a\u044a\u044b\u0442\u044d\u0442, \u043a\u044a\u044b\u0442\u044d\u0442, \u043e\u0443-\u043e\u0443-\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n
\n\u04281\u044b\u043b\u044a\u044d\u0443 \u0449\u0445\u044a\u0443\u0430\u043d\u04421\u044d,
\n\u041c\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0440 \u0443\u0449\u0443,
\n\u0429\u0438\u0431\u0433\u044a\u0443\u0440 \u0434\u0436\u044d\u0433\u0443\u0443,<\/p>\n
\n\u041d\u044b\u0441\u0430\u0448\u044d, \u0433\u0443\u0448\u044b1\u044d \u0445\u044d\u0442\u04481\u044b\u043a1\u0443,
\n\u0422\u0445\u044c\u0430\u0448\u0445\u043e, \u0442\u0445\u0443\u044d\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0431\u0430\u0433\u044a\u0443\u044d.<\/p>\n
\nS\u00fcr\u00fcde tek kulakl\u0131 bir koyunun olmas\u0131 iyinin ve bereketin ni\u015fan\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. D\u00f6rt aya\u011f\u0131nda beni olan kuzular \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, bir ya da iki aya\u011f\u0131 benli olanlarla \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcz do\u011furanlar ise iyili\u011fin ve bereketin ni\u015fan\u0131 kabul edilirdi.<\/p>\n
\n2) <\/strong>H\u0131ristiyan dini- Bereket ve bollu\u011fu sembolize eder. bkz. Ka\u015f\u00e7
\n3)<\/strong> \u00c7ocuklarca bereketin sembol\u00fc olarak yap\u0131lan bir dini merasimin ad\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lkbahar’da kurba\u011falar \u00f6tmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca, \u00e7ocuklar uzunca bir \u00e7atal al\u0131rlar ve buraya kuru otlar\u0131 ba\u011flad\u0131ktan sonra ate\u015fe verirler ve \u00e7ocuklar bunu d\u00f6nd\u00fcrerek koro halinde ‘core core’ diyerek koro halinde \u015fark\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek t\u00fcm k\u00f6y\u00fc dola\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"