{"id":7663,"date":"2019-03-08T16:51:47","date_gmt":"2019-03-08T16:51:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=7663"},"modified":"2019-03-08T16:51:47","modified_gmt":"2019-03-08T16:51:47","slug":"folklor-hakkinda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/folklor-hakkinda\/","title":{"rendered":"FOLKLOR HAKKINDA"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/span><\/h1>\n

GHUNEKHO Savs\u0131r \u00d6zbay<\/span><\/h1>\n

Folklor (halk bilimi) halk\u0131 tan\u0131ma anlam\u0131nda \u0130ngilizce bir terimdir. Folk (halk) lore (bilim) anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Folklor; belli bir toplulukta ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini, geleneklerini, adetlerini, el sanatlar\u0131n\u0131, halk hekimli\u011fini, konut yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, ara\u00e7-gere\u00e7lerini, halk danslar\u0131n\u0131, giysilerini, atas\u00f6zlerini, masallar\u0131n\u0131, f\u0131kralar\u0131n\u0131, bilmecelerini, efsanelerini ve gibi kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyip, o toplulu\u011fun ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f ve duygusunu anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bilimdir. Eski \u00e7a\u011flarda, Yunan ve Latin yazarlar\u0131, halk gelenekleriyle ve t\u00f6releriyle ilgilenmi\u015flerdir. Ancak folklorun sistemli bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma dal\u0131 olarak kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ngiliz Thomas Boweme ve Frans\u0131z yazar Jean Baptiste Th\u0131ers sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131ralarda folklorun \u00f6nc\u00fcleri olarak \u0130sko\u00e7ya da\u011fl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n halk \u015fiirlerini derleyen Macpheson (1970) d\u00fcnya halk t\u00fcrk\u00fcleri \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapan Alman Herder (1799) ve halk masallar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131 Grimm karde\u015fleri sayabiliriz. Bu anlamda halk k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini, halk ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda inceleyen bir disiplin olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Folklor kelimesi ilk olarak \u0130ngiliz yazar William John Thomas taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Londra\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan Atheneum adl\u0131 derginin 22 A\u011fustos 1846 tarihli say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u2018\u2019folklore\u2019\u2019 koymu\u015f ve yazar kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015ftirerek Morton takma ad\u0131n\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. William, folklor (halk atikiyat\u0131) yerine \u00f6nerdi. Atikiyat eski eserler bilimi, arkeoloji olarak ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk folklor derne\u011fi 1878 y\u0131l\u0131nda Londra\u2019da (Folklore Society) ad\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f ve derne\u011fin ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na William John Thomas getirilmi\u015fti. Dernek kurulunca folklor s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir bilim dal\u0131 olarak daha \u00e7abuk d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131.\u00d6nce \u0130skandinav, daha sonralar\u0131 Fin, Rus, Portekiz ve \u0130spanyol bilginlerince kabul edildi. Fransa\u2019da halk gelenekleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bir s\u00fcre daha \u2018\u2019trad\u0131t\u0131on popula\u0131re\u2019\u2019<\/strong>, \u0130talya\u2019da \u2018\u2019trad\u0131z\u0131on\u0131 popular\u0131\u2019\u2019 <\/strong>ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Fakat \u2018\u2019folklore\u2019\u2019 <\/strong>s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bug\u00fcn benimsendi ve b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada kabul g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Etnolojinin bir kolu olan folklor, giysileri, melodileri, orijinal m\u00fczik ve danslar\u0131yla ilham\u0131n\u0131 halk sanat\u0131ndan alan bir ifade \u015feklidir. Halk folklorla duygular\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmekte ve i\u00e7tenlikle de bunlar\u0131 payla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Folklor bir toplulu\u011fun b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde bizler bunu dar bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcz.<\/p>\n

Bizim toplumumuzda folklor anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 tamam\u0131yla halk danslar\u0131, ekipleri \u00fczerine y\u00f6nlendirmi\u015fiz. Folkloru tek tarafl\u0131 de\u011fil \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc olarak ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, d\u00fcnyada folkloru en zengin bir ulus oldu\u011fumuzu, danslar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n hareketlili\u011fi, ritmi, insan\u0131 adeta b\u00fcy\u00fclemektedir.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun gerileme d\u00f6neminde siyasal ve politik d\u00fcrt\u00fclerin sonucunda anavatanlar\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fclen bizler Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirildik. Eski ku\u015faklar kendi dillerini konu\u015fsalar da yeni ku\u015faklar ya iki dilli veya kendi dillerini konu\u015famamaktad\u0131rlar. Ancak etnik as\u0131llara \u00f6zg\u00fc gelenekleri biraz daha saklay\u0131p ya\u015fataca\u011f\u0131z. \u0130lk ve orta \u00f6\u011frenimin yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde asimilasyon h\u0131zla devam etmektedir. Her y\u00f6n\u00fcyle zengin olan folklorumuzu biz s\u00fcrg\u00fcndekiler daha ne kadar koruyabiliriz? Bu sorunun cevab\u0131 hepimizin malumudur.<\/p>\n

Folklor \u00fcr\u00fcnlerimizin toplumsal ya\u015fant\u0131daki etkilerini yeteri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde belirlemek i\u00e7in iki yoldan y\u00fcr\u00fcmek gerek. Bunlardan birincisi,ya\u015famakta olan folklor ve verimlerini derlemek, di\u011feri de folklorun konusu olan verilerin \u00e7a\u011flar i\u00e7erisindeki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc belirleyerek ya\u015fayanlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131y\u0131z. Folklora ait olanlar toplumun \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131t\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, inceleme, derleme ve de\u011ferlendirme yoluyla ilgili bulundu\u011fu toplumun geli\u015fip kuvvetlenmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flar. Yani, o toplumun gelecekteki yerini, stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc belirleyece\u011fi yolu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

KAYNAK\u00c7ALAR
\n<\/strong>Dr. Sedat Veyis \u00d6rnek, Etnoloji S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, A\u00dcDTCF Yay., 1971
\n\u015eerif Baykurt\/T\u00fcrkiyede folklor\u00e71976
\nProf. Pertev Naili Boratav, Y\u00fcz Soruda T\u00fcrk Folkloru, 973
\nDo\u011fan \u00d6zden, Nartlar\u0131n Sesi, AKKD, 1976
\nAdli Ayter, Kuzey Kafkasya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Dergisi\/1977
\nH\u00fcseyin Se\u00e7men, Folklor Dergisi, S.19-20<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GHUNEKHO Savsır Özbay Folklor (halk bilimi) halkı tanıma anlamında İngilizce bir terimdir. Folk (halk) lore (bilim) anlamındadır. Folklor; belli bir toplulukta yaşayan insanların alışkanlıklarını, kültürlerini, geleneklerini, adetlerini, el sanatlarını, halk hekimliğini, konut yapımını, araç-gereçlerini, halk danslarını, giysilerini, atasözlerini, masallarını, fıkralarını, bilmecelerini, efsanelerini ve gibi kavramlarını inceleyip, o topluluğun yaşayış ve duygusunu anlamaya çalışan bilimdir. Eski […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kultur-ana-sayfa","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7663","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7663"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7663\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7665,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7663\/revisions\/7665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}