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Kemal G\u00f6kcan<\/strong><\/p>\n Pop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcr, pop\u00fclizm ve politika; bu \u00fc\u00e7 kavram\u0131n bir biri ile direk olmasa bile dolayl\u0131 olarak ili\u015fkisi, birbirini tamamlama gibi \u00f6zellikleri oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda ki de\u011ferlendirmede kavramsal tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra farkl\u0131 bir alg\u0131lama getirmeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131m. Pop\u00fcler K\u00fclt\u00fcr, toplum i\u00e7erisindeki egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferleri kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri do\u011frultusunda ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imi olarak dayatt\u0131klar\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bireyler olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr diye biliriz.<\/p>\n \u201cPop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcr, g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Dar anlam\u0131yla, eme\u011fin g\u00fcndelik olarak yeniden \u00fcretilmesinin bir girdisi olarak e\u011flenceyi i\u00e7erir. Geni\u015f anlam\u0131yla, belirli bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131 ideolojik olarak yeniden \u00fcretilmesinin \u00f6n ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.\u201d (1)<\/p>\n Pop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcr,egemen toplumsal ve ekonomik ili\u015fkileri destekler. Kendisine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 toplumlar olu\u015fturmak temeldir.<\/p>\n \u00d6zellikle \u00fclkemizde, 1990 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fen kitle ileti\u015ftim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile t\u00fcketimi art\u0131rarak bireylerin k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli mutluluklar elde edebilece\u011fi, bireylerin ger\u00e7ek ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n yerine ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc bir ya\u015fam olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stererek kitle ileti\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bu ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imi kitlelere benimsetilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Pop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn, bu uygulamas\u0131 politikac\u0131lar\u0131n pop\u00fclist uygulamalar\u0131 ile desteklenmi\u015ftir. Son 20 y\u0131lda \u00fcretti\u011finden \u00e7ok t\u00fcketen, de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131 farkl\u0131la\u015fan, daha \u00e7ok kazanmak, daha \u00e7ok kazand\u0131k\u00e7a s\u00f6m\u00fcrmek, bu kazanc\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in t\u00fcm de\u011ferleri yok etmek isteyen g\u00fc\u00e7ler olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. 1994, 2001 ve 2008 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ya\u015fan\u0131lan ekonomik krizlerde sermayenin,bu krizleri f\u0131rsata \u00e7evirmeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 deklere etmi\u015fler ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda faturay\u0131 emek s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na kesmi\u015flerdir. \u0130\u015fsizlik \u00fclkede bir numaral\u0131 sorun olmu\u015ftur. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, bu g\u00fc\u00e7lere kar\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131 gereken bir toplumsal muhalefet olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7maz bir tart\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 olu\u015fturamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Pop\u00fclizm, Frans\u0131zca bir kelime olup, halk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. En \u00e7ok politikac\u0131lar kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kavram\u0131 en g\u00fczel TDK tan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6zetlemektedir. \u201cPolitik durumu dramatize ederek, halk\u0131n ilgisini uyand\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan politika\u201d diye tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Politika, Yunanca ‘poli’ \u00e7ok, ‘tika’ y\u00fcz anlam\u0131na gelen eski yunanca k\u00f6klerden olu\u015fur. Bu kavram\u0131 Aristoteles, toplumun halka dair yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm etkinliklerdir diyerek tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde politika ve siyaset kavramlar\u0131 i\u00e7ice ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Hatta toplum her ikisini de ayn\u0131 alg\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Siyaset, Arap\u00e7a k\u00f6kenli bir kelimedir. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bir y\u00f6netme sanat\u0131 veya bilimidir. Politika ve Siyasetin ayn\u0131 alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok da yanl\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir. Temelde Politik bak\u0131\u015f birazda Bat\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n \u00dclkemizde, kalk\u0131nma ve sosyal sorunlara y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131 siyaset\u00e7ilerimiz \u00fcretmemi\u015ftir. \u00d6rneklersek, k\u0131rsalda kente g\u00f6\u00e7lerde \u00fclkemizde \u00e7itti g\u00f6\u00e7 politikalar\u0131 olu\u015fturulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Politikalar\u0131 y\u00f6netecek ve uygulayacak olan siyaset\u00e7ilerdir. Politika \u00fcretilmeyince, siyaset\u00e7i de bu d\u00f6ng\u00fcde en kolay yolu se\u00e7mektedir. Buda pop\u00fclist politikalard\u0131r. 1950 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren h\u0131zla k\u0131rsaldan kentlerimize g\u00f6\u00e7 almaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle \u0130stanbul, Ankara, \u0130zmir, Bursa, Antalya\u2019da gecekondular \u0131slah edilerek buradaki yurtta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n insan onuruna yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekirken, her yerel ve genel secim \u00f6ncesi siyaset\u00e7ilerin pop\u00fclist yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 sonucu, gecekondula\u015fma artm\u0131\u015f ve bu illerimiz \u00e7arp\u0131k kentle\u015fme \u00f6rne\u011fi olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Politika, pop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcrden ve pop\u00fclizmden ayr\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Toplumsal sorunlara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc politikalar belirleyecektir. Politika \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in siyaset ko\u015fuldur. Siyaset\u00e7i politikay\u0131 bilmelidir ki y\u00f6netsin. Bu temelde politikac\u0131 bir liderin ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mal\u0131d\u0131r. Siyaset\u00e7i toplumun sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 bilen, toplumun sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7inde hisseden, bilgiyi en y\u00fcce de\u011fer olarak alan, toplumu tan\u0131yan, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 koruyan olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00d6zetlersek, pop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcr, pop\u00fclizm ve politika farkl\u0131 kavramlar olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde i\u00e7ice ge\u00e7mi\u015f kavramlard\u0131r. Toplumun bilin\u00e7lenmesi, sorunlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 duyarl\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumunda bu kavramlar\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. Bu ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremedi\u011fi zaman sorunlara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm noktas\u0131nda politika \u00fcretemeyen siyaset\u00e7ilerin kullanaca\u011f\u0131 ara\u00e7lar olarak kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/span>D\u0130PNOT: Kemal Gökcan Popüler kültür, popülizm ve politika; bu üç kavramın bir biri ile direk olmasa bile dolaylı olarak ilişkisi, birbirini tamamlama gibi özellikleri olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu yazımızda ki değerlendirmede kavramsal tanımlamaların yanı sıra farklı bir algılama getirmeyi amaçladım. Popüler Kültür, toplum içerisindeki egemen sınıfların, kültürel değerleri kendi görüşleri doğrultusunda yaşam biçimi olarak dayattıkları ve bağımlı 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\nGeli\u015fmi\u015f kapitalist \u00fclkelerin, teknolojik g\u00fcc\u00fc kitle ileti\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k \u015firketlerini, reklam, halkla ili\u015fkiler sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc kullanarak d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki egemenliklerini, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fclkemiz dahil bir \u00e7ok \u00fclkeye ihra\u00e7 etmektedirler. Bu \u00fclkelerin d\u00fcnyadaki sermaye ve \u015firketleri ela al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fta ABD olmak \u00fczere Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkeleri kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imlerini yayarak, kendi al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya benzetme \u00e7abas\u0131 h\u0131zla s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ABD en \u00e7ok izlenen bir program di\u011fer \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan patenti sat\u0131n al\u0131narak, kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferlerine adapte edilmektedir. \u00dclkemizdeki yar\u0131\u015fma programlar\u0131 ve baz\u0131 TV dizilerini \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterebiliriz.<\/p>\n
\n1) <\/b>Ahmet Oktay, Pop\u00fcler K\u00fclt\u00fcr, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131,s.17<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"