![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/z-2013-Images-2\/821.JPG\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Kopsirgen Orhan<\/strong> Eskiden \u00f6zellikle atlara vurulan damgay\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemserler ve \u00fczerinde damga olan at ile k\u00f6peklerin yakla\u015fmadi\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlar, at\u0131n dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fczerindeki damga ile \u00f6l\u00e7erlerdi. E\u011fer bir at yerinden k\u0131m\u0131ldamadan \u00fczerine damga vurulmas\u0131na katlanam\u0131yor ve huysuzlan\u0131p ka\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa onun cins at olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Damga s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc dilimize T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019den girmi\u015ftir. Kelimenin dililimizde tam kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131; “yakarak i\u015faretlemek” \u015feklinde a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir.<\/p>\n Damgalar ilk ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze pek \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6stererek gelmi\u015ftir. \u0130Ik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan damgalar daha kaba ve daha zor i\u015faretler olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen zamanla geli\u015ferek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f, neredeyse bir sanat haline gelmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ok g\u00fczel damgalar ve bunlara ait motifleri; Abaza ve Adige kilimlerinde, kad\u0131n giysilerinde, \u00e7e\u015fitli mutfak e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerlerinde, atlar\u0131n ko\u015fumlar\u0131-gemleri-\u00fczengilerinde ve kad\u0131nlar\u0131n alt\u0131n-g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f gibi s\u00fcs e\u015fyalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde g\u00f6rebilirsiniz…<\/p>\n Aile damgalar\u0131 pek \u00e7ok halk ile birlikte y\u00fczy\u0131llardan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze devam edegelmektedir Bilimin tespitleri g\u00f6stermektedir ki, \u00fclkeleri temsil eden armalar\u0131n k\u00f6keni de bu damgalara dayanmaktad\u0131r Damga (veya i\u015faret) gelene\u011fi Kafkas halklar\u0131nda da (Adigeler, Abazalar, Apsuwalar, Balkarlar \u00c7e\u00e7enler, Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ifadesine g\u00f6re damgalar\u0131n ilk ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde temel ama\u00e7 ailenin mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etmek \u0131\u00e7in atlar\u0131n, s\u0131\u011f\u0131r ve koyunlar\u0131n damgalanmas\u0131 bi\u00e7iminde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen zaman i\u00e7erisinde bu i\u015faret kullan\u0131m\u0131 geli\u015fip yayg\u0131nla\u015farak aileden \u00e7ok s\u00fclaleyi temsil eder hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Aile damgalar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 zamanla geni\u015flermi\u015f; mezar ta\u015flar\u0131nda flamalarda aile i\u00e7erisinde kullan\u0131lan e\u015fyalarda silah ve giysilerde de yer almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7erkes damgalar\u0131n\u0131n toparlanmas\u0131 i\u015fine ba\u015fnalan\u0131 uzunca bir zaman ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bu konuyla ilgilenen ilk ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lardan akademisyen P.S. Pallas ve S.M. Bronevski\u2019nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra me\u015fhur bilim adam\u0131 L.I. Lavrov’da tespit etti\u011fi 1300 civar\u0131nda damga ile bu alanda s\u00f6z sahibi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n Damgalar, Kalkas halklar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kan ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisindeki elkile\u015fimin, kimi durumlarda da ayn\u0131 k\u00f6kten gelen karde\u015fler olduklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fczel bir \u0131spat\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Adigelerin i\u00e7erisinde k\u00f6keni Abazalara, Balkarlara, Nogaylara, \u00c7e\u00e7enlere, Asetinlere dayanan aile isimleri ve damgalar\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi yine bu halklar\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde de k\u00f6keni Adigelere dayanan aile isimleri ve damgalar\u0131 mevcuttur. Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131n aile damgalar\u0131 gibi titizlikle muhafaza ettikleri bir ba\u015fka \u015fey ise s\u00fclale isimleridir. K\u2019et\u0131k\u2019ue, Abey, Anzor, Dohu\u015f\u0131k\u2019ue, Kopsirgen ve benzeri bir \u00e7ok s\u00fclale isimleri Adigelerde, Asetinlerde, \u00c7e\u00e7enlerde mevcut ortak isimlerdendir. Bu s\u00fclaleler ayn\u0131 k\u00f6kene mi dayanmaktad\u0131r, ayn\u0131 atadan m\u0131 gelmektedirler sorusu cevapland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a zor bir soru olmakla birlikte bunun yan\u0131t\u0131 aile damgalar\u0131 ve halk s\u00f6ylencelerince yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bir ka\u00e7 yuz y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde da\u011flar\u0131 a\u015farak gelen Abaza ailelerin Adigeler aras\u0131na yerle\u015ferek zaman i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 toplumla kayna\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 nedeni ile bu t\u00fcr benzerliklere en \u00e7ok Adigeler ve Abazalar aras\u0131nda rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu tarih ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da kabul etti\u011fi kesin bir bilgidir. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta s\u00fclale damgalar\u0131na sahip olmak ve kullanmak sadece bu s\u0131n\u0131fa alt bir hakt\u0131. Fakal daha sonralar\u0131 bu kural uygulanamaz olmu\u015f, hatta baz\u0131 lhak\u00fcelhe\u015flerin damgalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evrelerindeki onlara tabi aileler de kullan\u0131r hale gelmi\u015flerdir. Eski Abaza ve Adigelerde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nemi olan s\u00fclale damgalar\u0131 en \u00e7ok da atlar\u0131n damgalanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin tarihi belgeler Abaza ve Adige komutanlar\u0131n\u0131n flamalar\u0131nda s\u00fclale damgalar\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Bir sefere \u00e7\u0131k\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 zaman o komutan\u0131 ait oldu\u011fu s,lalenin damgas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan flama kullanmak zorundad\u0131r. Kafkas sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n bu konuda anlatt\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6re; cepheye gidecek birlikler toplan\u0131rlarken gelenlerden her grup kendi k\u00f6ylerinin \u2018\u2019p\u015f\u0131\u2019\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n=beyinin (veya thamadesinin veya birli\u011fin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki komutan\u0131n) sulalesine ait flama ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu bulunurdu. \u015eehit olan sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n mezar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na (Kha\u015fhades=Sin olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan) ait oldu\u011fu grubun flamas\u0131 dikilirdi.<\/p>\n Bu gelenek bize kadar ula\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bize ula\u015fan gelenek mazar ba\u015f\u0131na ta\u015f dikilmesi \u015feklindedir, fakat mezar ta\u015flar\u0131 \u00fczerine s\u00fclale damgalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flenmesi gelene\u011fi bu g\u00fcne kadar devam edegelmi\u015ftir. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bilgi ve belgelere g\u00f6re Abaza ve Ad\u0131ge damgalar\u0131n\u0131n pek \u00e7o\u011funun ge\u00e7mi\u015fi Abaza ve Adige tarihinden daha eskilere dayanmaktad\u0131r. Bu belgeler g\u00f6stermektedir ki; Adige, Abaza, Balkar, \u00c7e\u00e7en, Asetin damgalar\u0131n\u0131n pek \u00e7o\u011fu Sindlere, Meotlara, Sarmatlara ve Alanlara kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r. Bu da bize Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131n tarihsel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel k\u00f6keninin bu halklara dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir<\/p>\n NOT: Sayg\u0131de\u011fer okuyucular, bu bilgiler Huran \u015eahambi\u2019nin Turud\u0131 adl\u0131 eserinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak, yazar\u0131nda belirtti\u011fi gibi eksiklikler olabilir. Bu eksikler ar\u0131yan ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan Abhaz Haber\u2019e yazarak d\u00fczeltme olana\u011f\u0131 her zaman ge\u00e7erlerlidir. Maksat do\u011fruya ula\u015fmakt\u0131r. Yanl\u0131\u015f g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerinizi l\u00fctfen yaz\u0131n\u0131z. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve isteklerimiz ger\u00e7eklere ula\u015fmak, do\u011fruyu \u00f6\u011frenmek ve gelecek ku\u015faklara aktarmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu tablo ve notlar haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken Erg\u00fcn Y\u0131ld\u0131z karde\u015fimizin yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bielirtie ve kendisine te\u015fekk\u00fcr etmeyi bor\u00e7 bildi\u011fimiz ifade etmek isteriz.<\/p>\n Bu arada Kuzey Kafkasya halklar\u0131na ii\u015fkin bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi vurgulamak isterim. Tabloya bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zaman bir \u00e7ok Kabardey, Hatukua Besleney, karde\u015flerimiz \u015fikayette bulunacaklar. Bunu \u015fimdiden tahmin ediyorum. Sorular y\u00f6neltildi\u011finde elimizden geldi\u011fi kadar tarihsel ger\u00f6eklere dayanarak gerekli a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kopsirgen Orhan 31 Aralık 2015 Eskiden özellikle atlara vurulan damgayı çok önemserler ve üzerinde damga olan at ile köpeklerin yaklaşmadiğına inanırlar, atın dayanıklılığını üzerindeki damga ile ölçerlerdi. Eğer bir at yerinden kımıldamadan üzerine damga vurulmasına katlanamıyor ve huysuzlanıp kaçmaya çalışıyorsa onun cins at olmadığına inanırlardı. Damga sözcüğü dilimize Türkçe’den girmiştir. Kelimenin dililimizde tam karşılığı; “yakarak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kultur-ana-sayfa","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7861"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7863,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7861\/revisions\/7863"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7861"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7861"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7861"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n31 Aral\u0131k 2015<\/p>\n
\n\u0130ngu\u015flar, Kara\u00e7aylar ve di\u011ferleri \u00e7ok eski zamanlara kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/z-2013-Images-2\/821-3.JPG\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/z-2013-Images-2\/821-4.JPG\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/z-2013-Images-2\/821-5.JPG\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/cc-turkiye\/z-2013-Images-2\/821-6.JPG\")
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"