{"id":8122,"date":"2019-03-09T19:54:55","date_gmt":"2019-03-09T19:54:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=8122"},"modified":"2019-03-09T19:54:55","modified_gmt":"2019-03-09T19:54:55","slug":"cerkeslerde-efsaneler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/cerkeslerde-efsaneler\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7ERKESLERDE EFSANELER"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Yeni Kafkas Dergisi<\/span><\/span><\/strong>
\n<\/span> <\/b>\u00c7eviri: BABUG Erg\u00fcn Y\u0131ld\u0131z<\/span><\/p>\n

Her milletin kendine has efsaneleri, hikayeleri vard\u0131r. Bu efsaneler milletin en uzak, en karanl\u0131k devirlerini a\u00e7\u0131klayan belirten birer \u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tarih belgelerinin sustu\u011fu devirler ve zamanlar i\u00e7in kendisine d\u00fc\u015fen vazifeyi g\u00f6ren ve g\u00f6steren bu efsaneler, a\u011f\u0131zdan a\u011fza ecdattan ahfada nakledilerek ge\u00e7en birer tarih k\u00fclliyat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu efsaneler tarihi de\u011feri yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ayn\u0131 zamanda edebi de\u011fere de sahip birer mirast\u0131r milletler i\u00e7in, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu efsanelere bir \u015fah\u0131stan ziyade ait olduklar\u0131 milletin ruhi temay\u00fclleri incelikleri hakimdir. Bu nedenle efsaneler ait olduklar\u0131 milletin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc umumi zevkini g\u00f6steren belgeler olarak kabul edilmektedir ayn\u0131 zamanda.<\/p>\n

Nas\u0131l ki, eski Atina ve Ispartal\u0131lar\u0131n \u015fahsiyetini Afrodit ile A\u015filde, eski Roma’n\u0131n kahramanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Romus ile Romul\u00fcs’te g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ise \u00c7erkeslerin zevkini ve zekas\u0131n\u0131 da Veserez’lerde Nart’larda aramak \u00e7ok yerindedir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkeslerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve hayal g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin sosyal ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n kahramanl\u0131k ve sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n efsaneler ve \u00c7erkes hikayeleri \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir etkisi vard\u0131r. \u00c7erkes bireyinde mevcut y\u00fcksek ahlak, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc terbiye ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck tutkusunun kayna\u011f\u0131 buraya dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Akdeniz’in k\u00f6kl\u00fc Yunan medeniyetini kuranlar\u0131n ecdad\u0131m\u0131z diye ilan ettikleri Dokalyon (Deucalion) Kafkasyal\u0131 bir muhacirdir.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu medeniyetinin \u00f6nc\u00fcleri olan \u0130ranl\u0131lar Kafkas’\u0131 insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n be\u015fi\u011fi olarak kabul ederler.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran men\u015feli Zend-avesta mukaddes rivayetlerinde Kafkas’tan Guhukaf<\/b> ad\u0131yla bahseder, Elbruz ve Kazbek da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 tanr\u0131lar\u0131n yuvas\u0131 olarak kabul eder.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu aleminde Kafkasya efsaneler diyar\u0131d\u0131r. O kadar ki, zaman zaman bu efsanelerde ger\u00e7ek ile hayal birbirine kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkeslerde efsanelerin hikayelerle dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, milli gelene\u011fin kanun diye kutsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 xabzenin koydu\u011fu kurallar\u0131n birer somut eylem olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda, fertler aras\u0131ndaki cemiyet kudret ve hakimiyetinin \u00f6rne\u011fi olan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sayg\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fmesinde belirleyici olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkesler, Keltler ve \u0130skitler gibi tanr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 hep ormanlarda se\u00e7erler, duygular\u0131n\u0131n en derinini ge\u00e7ilmez ormanlarda as\u0131rlar ge\u00e7irmi\u015f a\u011fa\u00e7larda bulurlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00e7ok ormanlarda yaparlar, d\u00fc\u015fmandan korunmak, sellerde f\u0131rt\u0131nalardan kendilerini korumak i\u00e7in da\u011f yama\u00e7lar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok orman\u0131 tercih ederler, ormandaki ilahlardan medet umarlard\u0131. Bu nedenle ormanlara ve t\u0131pk\u0131 ormanlar gibi bah\u00e7elerine \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verirlerdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130lahlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ormanlar \u00c7erkeslerin mabedi s\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u011f\u0131 ve toplant\u0131 yeri oldu\u011fu kadar sava\u015f meydan\u0131, a\u015fk ve sevda yuvas\u0131, hayal ve hat\u0131ra yeri idi. Yaprak sesleri, a\u011fa\u00e7 dallar\u0131n\u0131n u\u011fultusu m\u00fcziklerinin bir ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n

R\u00fczgarlar\u0131n ormanda \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131\u011f\u0131 seslere b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem verilirdi. Efsanelerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck koruyucusu sihirbazlar ve kahinlerdi.<\/p>\n

Ormandaki a\u011fa\u00e7 seslerinin etkilerini gelece\u011fe kadere ba\u011flay\u0131p gaipten haber verenler bu kahinlerdi.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkeslerde gelecekten haber veren ki\u015filere “agueplh<\/b>“, k\u00fcrek kemi\u011fine bakarak bir ki\u015finin gelece\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren ki\u015fiye ise “blegueplh<\/b>” denirdi. Bu ki\u015filer sihirbazlar\u0131n, kahinlerin en me\u015fhurlar\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkes-Tatar sava\u015flar\u0131nda \u00c7erkesya’y\u0131 Tatar istilas\u0131ndan kurtaran Harabze<\/b> ad\u0131ndaki me\u015fhur kahraman kad\u0131n, p\u015f\u0131 Algeri<\/b>‘nin k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 aramak i\u00e7in ormanlardan ge\u00e7erken kendisine yol g\u00f6steren \u011eue\u015ferez<\/b> idi.<\/p>\n

Bleguaplh, \u00c7erkeslerin insan neslinden olmay\u0131p g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hatta ilk p\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kartal yuvas\u0131nda do\u011fdu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerdi.<\/p>\n

Bu inan\u0131\u015f \u00c7erkeslerin atalar\u0131 olan Hattilerin kartal\u0131 saltanat alameti olarak kullanmalar\u0131 ile \u00e7ok benze\u015fmektedir ayn\u0131 zamanda.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkeslerin vud<\/b> dedikleri, cinler ve perilerle irtibat kurarak gizem kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131lan, istedi\u011fi insanlar\u0131 cinlere \u00e7arpt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131lan ki\u015filere vedi<\/b> denilirdi. Hintlilerin bilim ilah\u0131 ve dini kitaplar anlam\u0131na gelen veda<\/b> kelimesi ile \u00c7erkeslerin vedi<\/b> kelimesi telaffuz ve anlam bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirinin ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kahinler zan ve t\u00f6hmet alt\u0131nda bulunan bir insana bildi\u011fi s\u0131rlar\u0131 if\u015fa ettirmek i\u00e7in iki ate\u015f aras\u0131nda tutarlar ve a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131na k\u00f6pek ci\u011feri s\u0131karak kustururlar ve nihayet g\u00fcya bildi\u011fi s\u0131rlar\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gizli sakl\u0131 i\u015fleri itiraf ettirirlerdi.<\/p>\n

Bu vedi<\/b>ler geceleri seberuvassha<\/b>da (peri ormanlar\u0131nda) toplanarak cinlerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler ve insana nas\u0131l fenal\u0131k yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenirlerdi.
\n
\nBlez\u0131rp\u015f\u0131<\/b> denilen sihirbazlardan biri bu suretle cinlerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra bir peri ile evlendi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esi ile karde\u015fleri taraf\u0131ndan yakalanarak lin\u00e7 edilmi\u015fti. Hatximeyacimekoue Lebasti <\/b>ad\u0131ndaki perinin bir sihirbaz ile evlendi\u011fi ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 oldu\u011fu rivayet edilir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkesya’da sihirbaz kad\u0131nlar mavi renk ile sihir yaparlarm\u0131\u015f. Buna wuexuaxin<\/b> diyorlar ki, bu da b\u00fcy\u00fclemek manas\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda y\u0131lan boynuzu u\u011furlu kabul edilirdi. <\/b>Nal dedikleri bu boynuz y\u0131lan\u0131n yolu \u00fczerindeki mendil \u00fczerinde kal\u0131rsa mendil sahibine servet ve saadet getirece\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131rm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00c7erkeslerin y\u0131n\u0131jj<\/b> dedikleri dev c\u00fcsseli yarat\u0131klar\u0131n kemiklerine tesad\u00fcf edilirmi\u015f. Bu devler hakk\u0131nda garip ve tuhaf masallar pek \u00e7oktur. Bunlar sirip<\/b> denilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boylu mahluklar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir y\u00f6nlendirilirlermi\u015f. Siripler horozlara binerek gezerler farz nehri k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki i\u00e7i oyuk ta\u015flarda ikamet ederlermi\u015f.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erkeslerin Mo\u011fol ve Kalmuklar hakk\u0131nda olmas\u0131 \u00e7ok muhtemel bir hikayeleri vard\u0131r. Bu insanlar ha\u015fhacul<\/b> denilen korkun\u00e7 birer mahluklarm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zleri ufak, ba\u015flar\u0131 k\u00f6pek ba\u015f\u0131na benzeyen bu insanlar\u0131n ayaklar\u0131 at t\u0131rna\u011f\u0131 gibi yekpare imi\u015f. Buz \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyemezlermi\u015f Sibirya’da ve \u00c7in’de rastlanan bu insanlar ellerine ge\u00e7en insanlar\u0131 yerlermi\u015f, yakalad\u0131klar\u0131 insanlar\u0131 ceviz ve f\u0131nd\u0131k ambarlar\u0131nda besler ve semizledikten sonra yerlermi\u015f. Bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc o tarafa gidenler yakaland\u0131klar\u0131nda buz tutan nehirlerin \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131karak ka\u00e7ar ve kurtulurlarm\u0131\u015f. Yuvarlak ve ufak ayakl\u0131 Ha\u015fhacullar buz \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyemedikleri i\u00e7in genellikle avlar\u0131n\u0131 ellerinden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131rlarm\u0131\u015f. <\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span><\/span>*) Zend:<\/span><\/strong> \u0130ran’\u0131n \u0130slamiyet \u00f6ncesi resmi dini Mecus\u00eelik’in kurucusu Zerd\u00fcst adl\u0131 bir \u00f6nderdir. Kitaplar\u0131 Desatir ve Zend-Avesta diye bilinir. Ate\u015fe tapma bu dine sonralar\u0131 girmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ate\u015f bir Tanr\u0131 say\u0131lmay\u0131p sadece kutsald\u0131r. \u015eunu da belirtmek gerektir ki, Islami \u00f6\u011fretilerle \u00e7ok benze\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in buraya giren M\u00fcsl\u00fcman’lar onlar\u0131 Ehli Kitap (kendilerine kitap verilen) saym\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/b> Y\u0131l 1953.Yeni Kafkas Dergisi’nden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz dilinde sadele\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yeni Kafkas Dergisi Çeviri: BABUG Ergün Yıldız Her milletin kendine has efsaneleri, hikayeleri vardır. Bu efsaneler milletin en uzak, en karanlık devirlerini açıklayan belirten birer ışıktır. Tarih belgelerinin sustuğu devirler ve zamanlar için kendisine düşen vazifeyi gören ve gösteren bu efsaneler, ağızdan ağza ecdattan ahfada nakledilerek geçen birer tarih külliyatıdır. Bu efsaneler tarihi değeri yanı […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adige-mitolojisi","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8122"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8124,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8122\/revisions\/8124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}