{"id":8696,"date":"2022-03-11T13:23:06","date_gmt":"2022-03-11T19:23:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=8696"},"modified":"2023-02-01T15:09:34","modified_gmt":"2023-02-01T21:09:34","slug":"oset-dili-ve-alfabeleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/oset-dili-ve-alfabeleri\/","title":{"rendered":"OSET D\u0130L\u0130 VE ALFABELER\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

V.I. Abaev<\/span><\/a>
\n<\/b> \u0130ngilizce’den \u00c7eviren: Nurhayat Akan Duman<\/span>
\n<\/b> A Grammatical Sketch of Ossetic <\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

Oset Dili, Hint-Avrupa dil grubunun \u0130ndo-\u0130raniyen b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7erisinde yer al\u0131r. Temelde \u0130ron ve Digoron olmak \u00fczere iki ana \u015fiveye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bu iki \u015five de kendi aras\u0131nda alt \u015fivelere ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar; \u0130ronca’n\u0131n alt \u015fiveleri, Tuallag ve Kudayrag. Digoronca’n\u0131n alt \u015fivesi Tagaur’dur.

\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Oset Dili yaz\u0131l\u0131 hale gelmi\u015f, e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim \u0130ron ve Digoron leh\u00e7eleriyle yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Oset Dili eski \u0130ran dillerinden biri olan Palowice ile yak\u0131n benzerlikler g\u00f6sterir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130skit ve Sarmat kabileleri, g\u00f6\u00e7ebe topluluklar olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu kabile dilleriyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hi\u00e7 bir kaynak bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak Alanlar’a ait k\u00f6y ve kent merkezlerinde yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda Grek harfleri kullan\u0131larak yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Alan dili ile ilgili eserler bulunmu\u015ftur. Digoron \u015fivesine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n olan Alan dili, bug\u00fcn \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Osetler zaman zaman baz\u0131 uluslar\u0131n alfabelerini kendilerine uyarlam\u0131\u015flarsa da ilk Oset Alfabesi 1798 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcrc\u00fc harfleri kullan\u0131larak olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. 1798 tarihi ayn\u0131 zamanda yaz\u0131n\u0131n ulus olarak kabul edildi\u011fi tarihtir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Oset Dili’nin geli\u015fimi XX.yy’\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Demokratik Burjuva Devrimi’nden sonra h\u0131z kazanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Oset Edebiyat dilindeki b\u00fct\u00fcn seslerin toplam\u0131 35 adettir. Bunlar\u0131n 7\u2019si Sesli, 2\u2019si Yar\u0131 Sesli ve 26\u2019s\u0131 Sessizdir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Sesliler, dil pozisyonuna g\u00f6re (\u00f6n, arka ve orta), dil y\u00fcksekli\u011fine g\u00f6re (al\u00e7ak, orta ve y\u00fcksek), dil ili\u015fkisine g\u00f6re (di\u015fin duda\u011fa de\u011fmesiyle ve de\u011fmemesiyle \u00e7\u0131kan sesler), a\u011f\u0131z geni\u015fli\u011fine ve dil a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re (a\u00e7\u0131k ve kapal\u0131) ve s\u00fcreklilik ve niceli\u011fine g\u00f6re de (k\u0131sa ve uzun) olarak ay\u0131rt edilir. Osetce\u2019deki seslilerin y\u00f6ntemi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki diyagramda g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Buna g\u00f6re biz iki \u00f6n sesliye (\u0435 \u0438<\/b>) \u00fc\u00e7 orta sesliye (\u0430 \u00e6 \u044b<\/b>), ve iki arka sesliye (\u043e \u0443<\/b>) sahibiz. En son ikisi dil yuvarla\u011f\u0131na ve di\u015fin duda\u011fa de\u011fmesiyle \u00e7\u0131kan seslere eklenerek ki\u015file\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sesliler a\u011fz\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Onlar \u015fu harflerden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. \u201ca<\/b>\u201d a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e6<\/b> (a<\/b> ve e<\/b> aras\u0131ndaki orta \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f), (\u0435 \u044b \u043e<\/b>) hala daha kapal\u0131d\u0131r ve son olarak (\u0438 \u0443<\/b>) gelir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130zleyen harfler bireysel, tek ba\u015f\u0131na sesliler olarak kabul edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0430<\/b>, al\u00e7ak orta sesli; Rus\u00e7a\u2019daki kapal\u0131 \u0430 vurgu alt\u0131nda a\u011fz\u0131n daha arkas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan arka seslidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0430\u0440\u0442 :<\/b> Ate\u015f
\n\u043c\u0430\u0434 :<\/b> Anne
\n\u0445\u044a\u0430\u043c\u0430 : <\/b>Kama<\/p>\n

\u00e6<\/b>, al\u00e7ak orta sesli; Fakat genel olarak \u201ca\u201d n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerin daha \u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131kar. Rus\u00e7a olarak kesin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur.Sadece kesin olan durumlarda vurgusuz olarak s\u00f6ylenen \u201ca\u201d Rus\u00e7a’yla ba\u011flanabilir. Ba\u015fta da belirtti\u011fimiz gibi bu harf \u00f6nden ve daha uzun olarak \u00e7\u0131kar ve daha nitelikseldir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00e6\u043d\u00e6 : <\/b>Olmaks\u0131z\u0131n
\n\u0434\u00e6\u0441 : <\/b>On-10<\/p>\n

e<\/b>, dar, orta sesli. Rus\u00e7a\u2019daki \u201ce\u201d den daha kapal\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0422\u0435\u043b :<\/b> Tel, Kablo.<\/p>\n

o<\/b>, dar, orta sesli. Daha kapal\u0131 ve Rus\u00e7a\u2019daki \u201co\u201d ya g\u00f6re daha fazla iki dudak aras\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0411\u043e\u043d :<\/b> G\u00fcn
\n\u041d\u043e\u043c : <\/b>\u0130sim, Ad.
\n\u0425\u043e\u0441 : <\/b>Saman
\n\u0437\u043e\u043a\u044a\u043e : <\/b>Mantar<\/p>\n

\u0438<\/b>, dar, y\u00fcksek sesli. Rus\u00e7a\u2019daki \u201c\u0438<\/b>\u201d den daha kapal\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0438\u0432\u044b\u043d : <\/b>De\u011fi\u015ftirmek.
\n\u0438\u0445 : <\/b>Buz
\n\u043c\u0438\u0433\u044a : <\/b>Bulut
\n\u0445\u0438\u0434 : <\/b>K\u00f6pr\u00fc<\/p>\n

\u0443<\/b>, dar, daha dudaks\u0131l, y\u00fcksek sesli. Rus\u00e7a\u2019daki \u201cy\u201d den daha kapal\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0443\u0434 :<\/b> Ruh.
\n\u0441\u0443\u0433 : <\/b>Yakacak Odun.
\n\u00e6\u0440\u0434\u0443 : <\/b>Sa\u00e7<\/p>\n

\u044b<\/b>, Rus\u00e7a\u2019daki \u201c\u044b<\/b>\u201d ya \u00f6zde\u015f de\u011fildir. Daha renkli bir seslidir. Dudak ve dilin hareketsiz durumuyla telaffuz edilir. Ak\u0131ll\u0131 ve d\u00fczenlidir. “\u00e6<\/b>” gibi orta seslilere aittir fakat daha kapal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0424\u044b\u0434 :<\/b> Baba
\n\u0424\u044b\u0440\u0442 :<\/b> O\u011ful, Erkek \u00c7ocuk.
\n\u043c\u044b\u0434 : <\/b>Bal
\n\u0443\u044b\u043d\u044b\u043d : <\/b>G\u00f6rmek (fiil)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V.I. Abaev İngilizce’den Çeviren: Nurhayat Akan Duman A Grammatical Sketch of Ossetic Oset Dili, Hint-Avrupa dil grubunun İndo-İraniyen bölümü içerisinde yer alır. Temelde İron ve Digoron olmak üzere iki ana şiveye ayrılır. Bu iki şive de kendi arasında alt şivelere ayrılır. Bunlar; İronca’nın alt şiveleri, Tuallag ve Kudayrag. Digoronca’nın alt şivesi Tagaur’dur. Oset Dili yazılı […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8696","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-edebiyat-genel-konular","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8696","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8696"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8696\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18336,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8696\/revisions\/18336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8696"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8696"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8696"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}