{"id":8778,"date":"2024-04-12T01:41:09","date_gmt":"2024-04-12T06:41:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/circassiancenter.com\/tr\/?p=8778"},"modified":"2024-04-12T17:06:20","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T22:06:20","slug":"adige-txibze-adige-alfabesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/adige-txibze-adige-alfabesi\/","title":{"rendered":"AD\u0130GE TX\u0130BZE (Adige Alfabesi)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

TSEY \u00d6mer Hilmi<\/strong>
\n\u00c7eviri: <\/span> Atchum\u0131jj Turgut A\u00e7eri<\/span> – Atchum\u0131jj <\/span> Hilmi \u00d6zen<\/span>
\nHalep Yeni As\u0131r Matbaas\u0131\u2019nda bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/span>, 1926<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

MUKADD\u0130ME<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lm-i lisan\u0131n kavanini umumiyesi Adigece’nin Kavaidi mahsusas\u0131 ve Elsine-i saire ile m\u00fcnasebeti nazar\u0131 itibare al\u0131narak tertib edilmi\u015f olan bu elifba tedrisi de\u011fil tahlili ve ilmidir. Bizim gibi hen\u00fcz lisan\u0131n\u0131 zapt ve tesbit ile u\u011fra\u015fan bir millet i\u00e7in hepsinden evvel laz\u0131m olan \u015fey ancak budur. \u015eimdiye kadar Rus, Arabi, Latin hurufat\u0131 ile bir \u00e7ok Adigece elifbalar tertib ve tab edilmi\u015f ise de kanaat\u0131mca bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7birisi ilm-i lisan noktai nazar\u0131ndan matlub evsaf ve \u015feraite haiz de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Bundan ba\u015fka baz\u0131 esasl\u0131 hatalar\u0131 da vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1)<\/strong> Adige lisan\u0131nda mevcut sadalar\u0131n enva-i ve mahiyeti iyice tayin edilmemi\u015f ve bu sebeple baz\u0131lar\u0131,\u00a0 hakikat halde m\u00fcrekkep olanlar\u0131, basit e\u015fkal ile zapta kalk\u0131\u015farak, adeti hurufunu hi\u00e7 bir elifbada misli g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f derecede \u00e7o\u011faltm\u0131\u015f, muvaf\u0131k ve m\u00fctecanis e\u015fkal bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n2) <\/strong>Baz\u0131lar\u0131da Adigece’de mevcut\u00a0 m\u00fcrekkep harfleri (ts,dz<\/strong>) gibi mahdut bir iki daneden ibaret\u00a0 zannetmi\u015f, halbuki Adigece’de, kaide-i umumiyesine tevfikan birle\u015fen harflerin, tabiat\u0131na g\u00f6re hafifce bir surette, veya \u015fiddetle ittihad ve imtiza\u00e7 eden samiteler pek \u00e7oktur.
\n3) <\/strong>Di\u011fer baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise m\u00fcrekkep hi\u00e7 bir harf olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na kail olmu\u015f ve bunun neticesi olarak derecati hecayi tehecci kaide-i umumiyesine mugayir yanl\u0131\u015f tayin etmi\u015ftir.
\n4) <\/strong>Esvat\u0131n, \u015fiveden \u015fiveye ge\u00e7erken vukua gelen tahavv\u00fcl ve tekem\u00fcl\u00fc lay\u0131k\u0131 vechile nazar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f ve mesala en m\u00fctekamil bir \u015five olan Kaberdey leh\u00e7esinin atm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 iptidai ve kaba esvat\u0131 zapt i\u00e7in beyhude u\u011fra\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n5)<\/strong> Baz\u0131 saitelerin ve samitelerin \u00fczerine veya alt\u0131na arabinin noktalar\u0131na mu\u015fabi-i ve birbirinin ayn\u0131 e\u015fkali seda nokta-i nazar\u0131ndan tefrik etmek \u00fczere bir \u00e7ok mahsurlu i\u015faretler kabul edilmi\u015ftir.
\n6)<\/strong> Adigece’nin umumi kaidelerine n\u00fcfuz edilememi\u015f ve binaenaleyh tertib edilen elifbalar sathi ve esass\u0131z olmu\u015ftur.[1]<\/a> M\u00fcphem bir surette fark olunan sadalara birer \u015fekil uydurmak maksad\u0131 temin eder zannedilmi\u015f halbuki bu kanaatin do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 onlar\u0131n Adigeceyi zapt hususunda g\u00f6sterdikleri acz bedahet derecesinde ispat etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lmi lisan hakk\u0131ndaki vukuf ve malumat\u0131ma ve on senelik tetebbu ve tecr\u00fcbeme istinaden diyebilirim ki, taraf\u0131mdan tertib edilen bu elifba di\u011ferlerinin ihtiva etti\u011fi nevak\u0131s\u0131 ve muhazileri kamilen bertaraf etmi\u015f olmakla beraber yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki elifbalar\u0131nda en ilmisidir. Filhakika \u00f6teden beri\u00a0 M\u00fcteamil olmakla beraber ilmi lisan\u0131n nazariyat ahiresine gayr\u0131 muvaf\u0131k (ebced) tertibi y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f onun yerine harflerin mahrec yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve imtizac kaidei umumiyesi nazar\u0131 itibare al\u0131narak b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn yeni ve ilmi bir tarzda tedvin edilmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 m\u00fcste\u015friklerin Adigece’yi hi\u00e7bir elifban\u0131n zapt edemeyece\u011fi hakk\u0131ndaki kanaati sakimesi hilaf\u0131na olarak Frans\u0131zca’n\u0131n ve daha do\u011frusu Latince’nin yirmibe\u015f harfi kafi gelmi\u015ftir. Hari\u00e7ten ba\u015fka e\u015fkal ilavesine l\u00fczum g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f vakti ile t\u0131pk\u0131 latinlerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi baz\u0131 harfleri kalp s\u00fcretiyle ve basit \u015fekiller ile Adigece’ye mahsus sadalar ifade olunmu\u015f esvat aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fcnasebet ve imtizaclardan bil istifade m\u00fctekamil Adige \u015eivelerine mahsus muzaaf veya m\u00fcrekkep sadalar\u0131n zapt\u0131 ciheti temin edilmi\u015ftir. Hulasa Latin hurufat\u0131n\u0131n sadeli\u011fine ve tenas\u00fcb\u00fcne hi\u00e7bir halel getirilmeksizin Adigece’nin zapt\u0131na muvaffakiyet has\u0131l olmu\u015ftur. Fazla bir meziyyet varsa o da bu elifba ile Adigece’nin nas\u0131l okunuyorsa \u00f6ylece harikulade bir suhuletle yaz\u0131labilmesidir.<\/p>\n

\u06de<\/p>\n

Bu e\u015fkal bize pek yabanc\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bunlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 vakti ile cihan \u015fumul bir medeniyyet tesis etmi\u015f olan ecdad\u0131m\u0131z Hattilerin (Hittite) hiyoroglif yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda mevcuttur. Bundan ba\u015fka m\u00fcste\u015frik \u015fehir Sayce’in tetebbuat\u0131na nazaran finikeliler vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile Hattilerden al\u0131narak Avrupa’ya tamim edilmi\u015f olan bu \u015fekillerden bir \u00e7oklar\u0131 el\u2019an Adige ailelerinin armas\u0131 bulunuyor.[2]<\/a> Arma olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda beis g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen bu e\u015fkali nuru maarifin bir vas\u0131tai ne\u015fri olan lisan\u0131n zapt\u0131 hususunda istimal etmekte dinen neden bir mahsur g\u00f6r\u00fcls\u00fcn!<\/p>\n

Bilakis \u015fer\u2019an kabul\u00fcne l\u00fczum ve zaruret vard\u0131r. Zira hangi harfler ile yaz\u0131 yazmak laz\u0131m geldi\u011fine dair hi\u00e7 bir ayet veya bir hadis olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve olmayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi insanlar\u0131n saadetine hadim bir \u015feriatin kabul edece\u011fi vas\u0131ta; tabii en makul ve kolay oland\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Din ve lisan b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn ayr\u0131 \u015feyler olmakla beraber din hi\u00e7bir vakit\u00a0 usri \u2018zorlu\u011fu\u2019 de\u011fil ancak yusri \u2018kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 emreder. Bahusus ki, m\u00fccadele-i hayatta muvaffak olmak i\u00e7in o vas\u0131tan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmandan bile al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 tecviz eden bir din… Esasen Arap\u00e7a ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ile hi\u00e7bir m\u00fcnasebeti olmayan ve esvat\u0131 nispete \u00e7ok olan lisan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ancak e\u015fkali dar ve mahdut olmayan Latin hurufat\u0131 ile zapt etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Binaenaleyh lisan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 arabi ve baz\u0131 mutaass\u0131plar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f tabirince \u0130slam hurufat\u0131 ile zapt edemiyoruz diye ilelebet k\u00f6r ve cahil kalma\u011fa ne vicdan ve nede \u2018\u0130lim tahsili kad\u0131n ve erkek her m\u00fcsl\u00fcmana farzd\u0131r\u2019 diyen bir din raz\u0131 olur! Arabi hurufat\u0131n\u0131n lisan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 zapt hususundaki kabiliyetsizli\u011fi bir \u00e7ok tecr\u00fcbeler ile tebeyy\u00fcn etmi\u015ftir. Filhakika bu hurufat\u0131n ilmi lisan nokta-i nazar\u0131ndan \u015fu mahsurlar\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. a)<\/strong> E\u015fkali pek mahdut. Bu sebeple ancak 28 sadaya haiz bulunan Arabi-i m\u00fckemmel surette zapt edemiyor. Bu sadalar ifade edilebilmek i\u00e7in birbirinin ayn\u0131 \u015fekillerin \u00fczerine veya alt\u0131na bir ve nihayet \u00fc\u00e7e kadar i\u015faretler (noktalar)\u00a0 koymak laz\u0131m geliyor.
    \nb)<\/strong> E\u015fkalin darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ademi kifayeti sebebi ile hem hareke-i harfiye ve hemde hareke-i resmiye kabul edilmi\u015f fakat hareke-i resmiyelerin her vakit g\u00f6sterilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan avamil ve irab gibi vas\u0131talar ile karineye tabi tutulmu\u015ftur.
    \nc)<\/strong> Bu e\u015fkal de\u011fi\u015fmeksizin birle\u015fmek istidad\u0131n\u0131 haiz de\u011fildir. Binaenaleyh ba\u015fta, ortada, nihayette m\u00fccerred bulundu\u011funa g\u00f6re muhtelif suretler iktisab ediyor. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 mahzurlu olarak birle\u015fiyor baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise hi\u00e7 birle\u015femiyor.
    \nd)<\/strong> Bu e\u015fkalde tenas\u00fcp intizam ve insicam yoktur. Binaenaleyh munfas\u0131l tertip edilemez. Daktilografia ve stenografiyaya iyi gelmez.G\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyorki Arabi gibi esasen telaffuz itibari ile epey g\u00fc\u00e7 bir lisan bu hurufat\u0131n kabiliyetsizli\u011fi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden daha m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcl bir vaziyette kal\u0131yor ve adeta k\u0131raat ve imlas\u0131 bir hiyeroglif yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n halli derecesinde m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fclat tevlid ediyor. \u2018Say-i ekal\u2019 kanununun hakim oldu\u011fu bir as\u0131rda bu kadar fena ve mahsurlu bir vas\u0131tay\u0131 kabul ederek suubet i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131n\u0131p durma\u011fa ve kendi terakki ve tekam\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcze bir kayd, bir engel koyma\u011fa hi\u00e7bir sebep yoktur.    [3]<\/a> Bu i\u015fe akl\u0131 ermeyenlerin g\u00f6sterdikleri cahilane taassup dincede merduttur. Binaenaleyh ittibaa \u015fayan de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u06de<\/p>\n

    Latin hurufat\u0131n\u0131n fevaidi ve muhsinat\u0131 arabi hurufat\u0131na r\u00fc\u00e7han\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn lisaiyyunca kabul edilmi\u015f bir hakikatttir. \u0130lmi lisan nokta-i nazar\u0131ndan en muvaf\u0131k elifba m\u00fcmk\u00fcn mertebe i\u015faretlerden m\u00fccerret ve ittisal kabiliyetini haiz sade \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649\u00a0\u00a0 \u015fekillerden m\u00fcrekkep oland\u0131r. Hali haz\u0131rda mevcut elifbalar aras\u0131nda en ziyade bu evsaf\u0131 haiz bulunan\u0131 latin elifbas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sebeple Yunan, Gotik, Ermeni harfleri g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne Latin e\u015fkaline yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmakta veya b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn kalb edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Birde bizim gibi maarif ve medeniyette pek geri kalm\u0131\u015f olan bir kavmin garb\u0131n zayiinden ulum ve funundan isti\u011fna has\u0131l edemeyece\u011fi tabiidir. Bu ise ancak avrupa lisanlar\u0131na vukuf ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte o vas\u0131talar\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in bu e\u015fkalinde bir yard\u0131m\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Tsey A\u011fom\u0131ko Tenbolet\u00a0 <\/strong>
    \n4 Kanunisani 1921 \u0130stanbul<\/p>\n

    \u0130LAVE:<\/strong> Bu hurufat\u0131 kabul etmekle Kuran’\u0131 okumak i\u00e7in bir m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fclat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kal\u0131nmas\u0131 varid hat\u0131r de\u011fildir: Zira hepimiz biliyoruz ki, \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumuzda yaln\u0131z yirmisekiz harfi harekat ve sekenata ait baz\u0131 kavaidi \u00f6\u011frenerek- hi\u00e7 anlamadan okuduk.Yine Kuran\u2019\u0131 o suretle okuruz. Fakat hakay\u0131k\u0131nada Adigece terc\u00fcmesi ve tefsiri sayesinde daha iyi vak\u0131f oluruz. Ulumu diniyyeyi arabi gibi g\u00fc\u00e7 ve yabanc\u0131 bir lisan\u0131 senelerce \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p elde ettikten sonra de\u011fil, fakat kendi \u00f6z anadilimizle do\u011frudan do\u011fruya \u00f6\u011freniriz.<\/p>\n

    ADIGE ELIFBASI<\/strong>
    \nAdige Txibze<\/p>\n

    a \u00a0\u00a0e\u00a0 i\u00a0 u\u00a0 o
    \nv
    \np\u00a0 b\u00a0 f\u00a0 m\u00a0 n\u00a0 l\u00a0 l\u00a0 r t
    \nd\u00a0 s\u00a0 z\u00a0 y\u00a0 \u00e7\u00a0 j\u00a0 c\u00a0 q g
    \ng\u00a0 x\u00a0 h\u00a0 \u0447 k
    \n\u06f8
    \nw ss jj
    \nt\u00e7 dj ts dz\u00a0 t\u06f8\u00a0 ts\u06f8 …<\/p>\n

    \u015eehri halin on ikinci Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0 Be\u015fikta\u015f’ta Adige Numune Mektebi’nde bilictima Tsey A\u011fum\u0131ko Tenbolet beyin yeniden ilmi bir tarzda tertip etti\u011fi \u2018Ad\u0131ge Elifbas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n\u00a0 sureti balada muharrer e\u015fkali tetkik olunmu\u015ftur. Evvelce tab ve ne\u015fr olunan elifbaya nisbetle pek m\u00fchm ve esasl\u0131 bir fark\u0131 tekam\u00fcl me\u015fhud olundu\u011fundan bilumum alakadaran taraf\u0131ndan muttefikan kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    12 May\u0131s 1922\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130stanbul<\/p>\n

    Puh Adige Mektebi Adigece Muallimi
    \nT\u0131me Seza Jankat Lami\u00a0\u00a0 Huseyn \u015eem\u2019i
    \nHit Maan Tevfik Tel\u2019at
    \n\u00d6mer Mithat<\/p>\n

    I<\/strong><\/p>\n

    HARFLER\u0130N ADET\u0130 VE TASN\u0130F\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ad\u0131ge Elifbas\u0131 esasen otuz basit harf ile d\u00f6rt i\u015faretten m\u00fcrekkeptir. Harflerden her biri ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir mahrece tekab\u00fcl eder. Bu basit harflerin tekerr\u00fcr\u00fcnden mahrecleri muadil muhtelif \u015fekillerin imtizac\u0131ndan di\u011fer bir tak\u0131m muzaaf veya m\u00fcrekkep harfler husule gelir. \u015eu halde Ad\u0131ge Elifbas\u0131’n\u0131 te\u015fkil eden harfleri \u00dc\u00e7e ay\u0131rabiliriz: Basit, muzaaf m\u00fcrekkep<\/p>\n

    M\u00fcrekkep harfler de be\u015f suretle terrekk\u00fcp eder:<\/p>\n

    \u0130ki basit harfin imtizac\u0131.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ts,dz,ps<\/p>\n

    Bir basit harfin bir muzaaf ile imtizac\u0131:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bjj,ssh<\/p>\n

    Bir basit harf ile bir m\u00fcrekkebin imtizac\u0131:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 pts<\/p>\n

    \u0130ki basit harfin bir muzaaf ile imtizac\u0131:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tss\u06f8<\/p>\n

    \u0130ki basit harfin bir m\u00fcrekkep ile imtizac\u0131:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 pts\u06f8<\/p>\n

    Ad\u0131ge harflerini di\u011fer Hindu-Avrupa-i lisanlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi vazifeleri itibariyla da ikiye ay\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: Saite, samite. Saitelerin muzaaf\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde samitelerin her \u00fc\u00e7 nev\u2019i de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    II<\/strong><\/p>\n

    SA\u0130TELER (HAREKE-\u0130 HARF\u0130YELER)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Adigece’de iki t\u00fcrl\u00fc saite vard\u0131r: Basit, m\u00fcrekkep<\/p>\n

    Basit saiteler \u015funlard\u0131r:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 a,e,i,u,o
    \nM\u00fcrekkep saitelerde \u015funlard\u0131r:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ui, ue, ua<\/p>\n

    Basit saitelerin birincisi olan (a) harfi\u00a0 Frans\u0131zca kelimelerin ortas\u0131na gelen (a)\u00a0 harfine muadildir.Yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na veya Kelimelerin iptidas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu zaman bir samite h\u00fckm\u00fcndedir. M\u00fcstakil olarak heceleri te\u015fkil eder. Ortada samitelerin hafif\u00e7e yukar\u0131ya \u00e7ekilmesine kelimelerinde lafzan veya resmen vas\u0131l suretiyle irtibat\u0131na yarar.Nihayette nadiren tesad\u00fcf olunur: El manas\u0131na gelen (\u00e2) kelimesine ve istifham edat\u0131na mahsus ve m\u00fcnhas\u0131r gibidir.<\/p>\n

    \u0130kinci, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc saiteler arabinin (fetha, kesre) tesmiye edilen hareke-i resmiyelerine temamen muadildir. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc saite Adigeceye mahsus (u) zammesi olup hareke ile sukun aras\u0131nda m\u00fctereddit ve maksur bir ses verir: guinegu kom\u015fu kelimesinde oldu\u011fu gibi. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcrl\u00fc saitede kelimelerin ortas\u0131na ve nihayetine gelerek heceleri v\u00fccuda getirir.<\/p>\n

    K\u2019ahe (c\u00e2xe) \u015fivesince (yi) zamirinin muhaffefi olan (i) harfi m\u00fcstesna olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer ikisinin ba\u015fta ve m\u00fcnferit birer hece te\u015fkil etti\u011fig\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    (o) Harfine gelince: Frans\u0131zca’da kelimelerin ortas\u0131na ve nihayetine gelen (o) zamme-i mepsutas\u0131na muadildir. Ortada hecelerin te\u015fkili, nihayette ayn\u0131 vazife ile beraber kelimeleri ve c\u00fcmlenin k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 birbirine rapt ederek suhuleti ve ahengi temin hususunda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hizmeti vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    M\u00fcrekkep saitelerden (ue): Zamme ile fethan\u0131n hafif\u00e7e imtizac\u0131ndan m\u00fctevellit bir ses verir: gue-sar\u0131 kelimesinde oldu\u011fu gibi.<\/p>\n

    (ua) m\u00fcrekkebi ise zamme ile fetha-i memdude veya sakilenin hafif\u00e7e imtizac\u0131ndan m\u00fctevellid, Frans\u0131zca (oi) m\u00fcrekkep saitesinin sadas\u0131na yak\u0131n bir ses verir.(guaze- rehber, ke\u015f\u015faf) kelimesinde oldu\u011fu gibi.<\/p>\n

    (ui): zamme ile kesrenin hafif\u00e7e imtizac\u0131ndan m\u00fctevellid bir ses verir. (Guise- arkada\u015f) kelimesinde oldu\u011fu gibi.<\/p>\n

    M\u00fcrekkep saitelerin hepside yaln\u0131z ortaya ve nihayete gelir, heceleri te\u015fkil eder.\u0130stifham hali m\u00fcstesna olmak \u00fczere ua m\u00fcrekkep saitesi nihayette gelmez.<\/p>\n

    Tenbih <\/strong><\/p>\n

    1<\/strong>)<\/strong> Adigece’de (y) harfi saiteden madut de\u011fildir.
    \n2<\/strong>)<\/strong> Saitelerin hepsi de k\u0131sa ve hafiftir.
    \n3<\/strong>)<\/strong> Binaenaleyh Adigece’de uzun heceli kelimeler yoktur.<\/p>\n

    1.\u015eeklen ve lafzen basit harflere mahsus cetvel<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Harflerin<\/td>\nA\u00e7\u0131klama ve Baz\u0131 \u00d6rnekler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    <\/td>\n<\/td>\nMatbaa Yaz\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\nEl Yaz\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\nDe\u011ferleri<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0130simleri<\/td>\nManalar\u0131<\/td>\nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<\/td>\nB\u00fcy\u00fck<\/td>\nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<\/td>\nB\u00fcy\u00fck<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    –<\/td>\n–<\/td>\na<\/td>\nA<\/td>\na<\/td>\nA<\/td>\nelif fethen sekile<\/td>\nFethe-i vusl veya\u00a0 memdude\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 psape<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    –<\/td>\n–<\/td>\ne<\/td>\nE<\/td>\ne<\/td>\nE<\/td>\nfethe<\/td>\npse<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    –<\/td>\n–<\/td>\ni<\/td>\nI<\/td>\ni<\/td>\nI<\/td>\nkesre<\/td>\npsi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    –<\/td>\n–<\/td>\nu<\/td>\nU<\/td>\nu<\/td>\nU<\/td>\nmaksur zamme<\/td>\npsevegu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    –<\/td>\n–<\/td>\no<\/td>\nO<\/td>\no<\/td>\nO<\/td>\nmebsud zamme<\/td>\nDomesar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ve<\/td>\nfeza<\/td>\nv<\/td>\nV<\/td>\nv<\/td>\nV<\/td>\n\u0648<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    pe<\/td>\nburun<\/td>\np<\/td>\nP<\/td>\np<\/td>\nP<\/td>\n\u067e<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    be<\/td>\n\u00e7ok<\/td>\nb<\/td>\nB<\/td>\nb<\/td>\nB<\/td>\n\u0628<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    fe<\/td>\ndamar<\/td>\nf<\/td>\nF<\/td>\nf<\/td>\nF<\/td>\n\u06c9<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    mi<\/td>\nelma<\/td>\nm<\/td>\nM<\/td>\nm<\/td>\nM<\/td>\n\u0645<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ni<\/td>\nana<\/td>\nn<\/td>\nN<\/td>\nn<\/td>\nN<\/td>\n\u0646<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    |i<\/td>\nkan<\/td>\n|<\/td>\n\u05d3<\/td>\nl<\/td>\n\u041b<\/td>\n.<\/td>\nAdigeceye mahsusdur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    li<\/td>\net<\/td>\nl<\/td>\nL<\/td>\nl<\/td>\nL<\/td>\n\u0644<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ri<\/td>\n.<\/td>\nr<\/td>\nR<\/td>\nr<\/td>\nR<\/td>\n\u0631<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ti<\/td>\nbaba<\/td>\nt<\/td>\nT<\/td>\nt<\/td>\nT<\/td>\n\u062a<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    de<\/td>\nceviz<\/td>\nd<\/td>\nD<\/td>\nd<\/td>\nD<\/td>\n\u062f<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    se<\/td>\n\u00e7ak\u0131<\/td>\ns<\/td>\nS<\/td>\ns<\/td>\nS<\/td>\n\u0633<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    zi<\/td>\nbir<\/td>\nz<\/td>\nZ<\/td>\nz<\/td>\nZ<\/td>\n\u0632<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    yi<\/td>\nsekiz<\/td>\ny<\/td>\nY<\/td>\ny<\/td>\nY<\/td>\n\u0649<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u00e7i<\/td>\n\u00fc\u00e7<\/td>\n\u00e7<\/td>\n\u00c7<\/td>\n\u00e7<\/td>\n\u00c7<\/td>\n\u0634<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ji<\/td>\nhava<\/td>\nj<\/td>\nJ<\/td>\nj<\/td>\nJ<\/td>\n\u068e<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    cui<\/td>\naraba<\/td>\nc<\/td>\nC<\/td>\nc<\/td>\nC<\/td>\narabi \u0643<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    qui<\/td>\nkalp<\/td>\nq<\/td>\nQ<\/td>\nq<\/td>\nQ<\/td>\nfarsi \u0643<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    xi<\/td>\ndeniz<\/td>\nx<\/td>\nX<\/td>\nx<\/td>\nX<\/td>\nYunanca x veya almanca ch<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    he<\/td>\nk\u00f6pek<\/td>\nh<\/td>\nH<\/td>\nh<\/td>\nH<\/td>\n\u062d<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0447i<\/td>\n\u015fapka<\/td>\n\u0447<\/td>\n\u0427<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u062e<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u00a0 i<\/td>\n.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\ng<\/td>\nbarut gini<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ge<\/td>\nsene<\/td>\ng<\/td>\nG<\/td>\ng<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u063a<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ke<\/td>\nmezar<\/td>\nk<\/td>\nK<\/td>\nk<\/td>\nK<\/td>\n\u0642<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u00e2<\/td>\nel<\/td>\n\u00e2<\/td>\n\u0102<\/td>\n\u00e2<\/td>\n\u0102<\/td>\n\u0621<\/td>\nnihayete gelen sakin hemze<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    2.Lafzen basit \u015feklen mzaaf harfler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Harflerin<\/td>\nA\u00e7\u0131klama ve Baz\u0131 \u00d6rnekler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    <\/td>\n<\/td>\nMatbaa Yaz\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\nEl Yaz\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\nDe\u011ferleri<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0130simleri<\/td>\nManalar\u0131<\/td>\nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<\/td>\nB\u00fcy\u00fck<\/td>\nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<\/td>\nB\u00fcy\u00fck<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    wi<\/td>\n\u00d6k\u00fcz<\/td>\nw<\/td>\nW<\/td>\nw<\/td>\nW<\/td>\nfera v<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    ssi<\/td>\nAt<\/td>\nss<\/td>\nSs<\/td>\nss<\/td>\nSs<\/td>\n.<\/td>\nAdigeceye mahsus bir sestir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    jji<\/td>\nEski<\/td>\njj<\/td>\nJj<\/td>\njj<\/td>\nJj<\/td>\n.<\/td>\nAdigeceye mahsus bir sestir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Harflerin<\/td>\nA\u00e7\u0131klama ve Baz\u0131 \u00d6rnekler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    <\/td>\n<\/td>\nMatbaa Yaz\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\nEl Yaz\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\nDe\u011ferleri<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0130simleri<\/td>\nManalar\u0131<\/td>\nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<\/td>\nB\u00fcy\u00fck<\/td>\nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<\/td>\nB\u00fcy\u00fck<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    t\u00e7e<\/td>\nDalak<\/td>\nt\u00e7<\/td>\nT\u00e7<\/td>\nt\u00e7<\/td>\nT\u00e7<\/td>\n\u0686<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    dje<\/td>\n\u00c7a\u011f\u0131r<\/td>\ndj<\/td>\nDj<\/td>\ndj<\/td>\nDj<\/td>\n\u062c<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    III<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015eARETLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u2019\u00a0 ^ \u00a0‘\u00a0 “<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (\u2019)<\/strong> \u0130\u015fareti Frans\u0131zca’n\u0131n apostrofuna tamamen muadil olup bir araya geldi\u011finde hazf olunan harekeyi g\u00f6sterir m\u00fccerret kalan samiteyi kendisinden sonraki kelimeye vasl eder.<\/p>\n

    T\u2019ari, m\u2019ari, q\u2019ari, t\u2019Adig, y\u2019ane<\/p>\n

    S\u2019ape siyt….<\/p>\n

    (^) Arabi’nin hemze (\u0621) sine ermenicenin ( ) harfine muadil olup b\u00fct\u00fcn saitelerin \u00fczerine konulur.vazife:i\u015f: ss\u00eani,\u00a0 hisse: \u00e2h, munis: sakin: \u00e2s, git:c\u00fbe, \u0130yi (k. Fi) ss\u00fbi, Adam, erkek :1\u00ee, Sab\u0131r,\u00a0 \u00e7i\u00e2g<\/p>\n

    Tenbih 1:<\/strong> bu i\u015farete haiz saitelerin kaaffesi ss,c,ts,t,p,f,1,t\u00e7,\u00e7: harfleri ile birle\u015ferek ayn\u0131 cinsten fakat daha a\u011f\u0131r ve hemzeden m\u00fcrekkep bir savt husule gelir:<\/p>\n

    Kuyruk (k.c\u00ea) t\u00e7\u00ea, Dalak (k.ce) t\u00e7e, yeni \u00e7\u00ea, \u0633\u0648\u062f, kur\u015fun \u00e7e, vazife ss\u00eani, ahlak: sseni, burun: pe, iyi fi, dar\u0131 f\u00ee, erkek 1\u00ee,kan 1i, di\u015f: tse, ko\u00e7 (ab. t\u00eepse) t\u00ee, baba: ti yatak: p\u00ea,\u0130nsan: ts\u00eefi<\/p>\n

    Tenbih 2: <\/strong>Bu i\u015fareti haiz bulunan saiteler kelime nihayetlerinde bazen hazf olunarak hemze yaln\u0131z ba\u015fta kal\u0131r. O zaman: qui\u00e7i\u06f8, \u00e7i\u06f8 kelimelerinde oldu\u011fu \u00fczere. Hemze \u2018harfe\u2019 munkalib olur.<\/p>\n

    (‘) Hemzenin a\u011f\u0131r bir nevidir . K\u2019ahe \u015fivesine mahsustur. Kaberdey \u015fivesinde yoktur. Fakat vuzuh\u00a0 ve selaseti temin etti\u011fi i\u00e7in hemzenin bu nevinide kabul etmek laz\u0131md\u0131r: yYapmak: ss\u00ean, keramet ss\u00e8ni ,\u0130\u015f ss\u00e8ni,<\/p>\n

    M\u00fchlet:<\/strong> p\u00e01e, bilgi ss\u00e8nig, bilmek: ss\u00e8n, o\u011fulluk:p\u00f9ir.<\/p>\n

    (“) Bu hemzenin daha hafif ,\u0645\u0637\u0646 ve memdud bir nev\u2019idir. Bu da k\u2019ahe abzah \u015fivesine mahsustur. Ve bir tekam\u00fcl neticesidir.[4]<\/a> Frans\u0131zca (no\u0451l), (ha\u00efr) kelimelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi okunur. Ve mutlaka mahzuf \u00e7 harfinin yerine kaim olur.<\/p>\n

    1<\/strong> (Asl\u0131: \u00e7\u00e2le\u00a0 k. ss\u00e2le)\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00e7ocuk\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e4le<\/p>\n

    2<\/strong> (Asl\u0131: \u00e7\u00e2s\u00a0\u00a0 k. ss\u00e2s)\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 heves, arzu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00e4s<\/p>\n

    3<\/strong> (Asl\u0131: \u00e2\u00e7\u00eat\u00a0 k. \u00e2ss\u00eat)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u062a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e2\u0451t<\/p>\n

    4<\/strong> (Asl\u0131: \u00e7\u00eeb\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 k. ss\u00eeb )\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 arka\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00efb<\/p>\n

    5 (Asl\u0131: \u00e7\u00ea\u00e7agu)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062b\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0633\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0451\u00e7agu<\/p>\n

    6 (Asl\u0131: \u00e7i\u00e7ag)\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130htiya\u00e7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7i\u00e4g<\/p>\n

    Mulahaza:<\/strong> Hemzenin Adige lisan\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ehemmiyeti vard\u0131r. Manalar\u0131 b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn ayr\u0131 olan baz\u0131 kelimeler aras\u0131nda fark yaln\u0131z bir hemzedir.<\/p>\n

    Kuyruk c\u00ea, dalak ce, yatak p\u00ea, burun pe, \u0130sim ts\u00ea, di\u015f tse, yeni \u00e7\u00ea, \u0633\u0648\u062f-Kur\u015fun \u00e7\u00ea, bilmek ss\u00e8n, yapmak ss\u00ean, ko\u015fmak ssen.<\/p>\n

    Esasen bu Adigece’nin bir hususiyetidir. Di\u011fer bir \u00e7ok kelimelerde variddirki manalar\u0131 ba\u015fka ba\u015fka oldu\u011fu halde laf\u0131z itibariyle fark yaln\u0131z bir harf veya harekedir:<\/p>\n

    \u00d6n taraf quip, tak\u0131m cuip, kalb qui, araba cui, su psi, ruh pse\u2026<\/p>\n

    Tenbih 1:<\/strong> Usuli tenkit (noktalama usul\u00fc) di\u011fer hindu-avrupai lisanlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi Kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Tenbih 2: <\/strong>Rakamlar da di\u011fer hindu-avrupai lisanlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi Kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    IV<\/strong><\/p>\n

    HECELER<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Adigece’de en basit heceyi yaln\u0131z (a,i) saiteleri v\u00fccuda getirir.\u0130kinci derecedeki heceler bir samite ile bir saiteden te\u015fekk\u00fcl eder.<\/p>\n

    Hecelerin ba\u015fl\u0131ca be\u015f derecesi vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    1)<\/strong> a,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 i
    \n2<\/strong>)<\/strong> pe, be, fe, mi, ne, ti, tse, dze.
    \n3<\/strong>)<\/strong> ar, a\u00e7, apc.
    \n4<\/strong>)<\/strong> ari, ade, ape.
    \n5<\/strong>)<\/strong> san, \u00e7an, tin, din, \u0447uin,<\/p>\n

    Bu esasl\u0131 be\u015f derecenin tekerr\u00fcr\u00fc ve tedah\u00fcl\u00fc ile on\u00fc\u00e7 derece daha husule gelir<\/p>\n

    6-1)<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sape, pase, vase, xase, vafe, vaye, vefi, psape, quape.
    \n7-2)<\/strong> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1e\u0447an, leguip, \u00e7igin, mejaq,
    \n8-3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7evhe, sessuxue, 1\u0447ance
    \n9-4)<\/strong> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ansips.
    \n10-5)<\/strong> \u00a0 Adige.
    \n11-6)<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 adesses, ademit, axedjaqu.
    \n12-7)<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 afemiguet.
    \n13-8)<\/strong> \u00a0 ha\u00e7pek, bzivtsif, thavtsix.
    \n14-9)<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 vinafe, sevage, ssevgui, vetegui.
    \n15-10)<\/strong> cenasiv.
    \n16-11)<\/strong> tijnass\u00ea.
    \n17-12)<\/strong> kuindisiv.
    \n18-13)<\/strong> kuelebaste<\/p>\n

    V<\/p>\n

    KEL\u0130MELER<\/strong><\/p>\n

    1) <\/strong>Kelimelerin adeti hecesi – Adigece’de tek heceli kelimeler pek \u00e7oktur. Bununla beraber m\u00fcteaddit heceli kelimelerde az de\u011fildir. Bir veya iki heceli \u062c\u0630\u0631\u0649 kelimeler birle\u015ferek m\u00fcteaddit heceli kelimeleri meydana getirirler.<\/p>\n

    1 ve, pe, be, fe, mi, ni, ti, psi,
    \n2 vase, pase, xase, daxe, xabze, 1\u00eege, xime, piyi, guine, guequi, psape, quape.
    \n3 vinague, vinage, jeguegui, themate, p\u00e7erihe
    \n4 vin\u0447uie, themetague.
    \nKelimelerin adeti hecesi kadime dahile ve lahikalar\u0131 ile nihayet ikiye kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilir.
    \n5 zede\u00e2pi\u00e2g
    \n6 zede\u00e2pi\u00e2gex
    \n7 zede\u00e2pi\u00e2gexiy
    \n8 zede\u00e2pi\u00e2gfgexiy
    \n9 zede\u00e2pi\u00e2gagexeyba!
    \n10 zede\u00e2pi\u00e2gagequi\u00e7eyba!
    \n11 zede\u00e2pi\u00e2gagequi\u00e7exeyba!
    \n12 zedemi\u00e2pi\u00e2gagequi\u00e7eyxeyme!<\/p>\n

    2)<\/strong> kelimelerin enva\u0131-Adigece’de kelimeler men\u015feleri itibariyle iki nev\u2019idir: Semai, k\u0131yasi.<\/p>\n

    Semai:<\/strong> hi\u00e7 bir kaideye tabii olmayarak te\u015fekk\u00fcl eden, do\u011frudan do\u011fruya kulak ile i\u015fitilip \u00f6\u011frenilen kelimelerdir.<\/p>\n

    Ni, ti, li, 1i, 1\u00ee cui, qui, bze…<\/p>\n

    K\u0131yasi: Kaide ile te\u015fekk\u00fcl eden kelimelerdir. Bunlarda ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fc\u00e7 suretle meydana gelir.
    \n
    \nA)<\/strong> Baz\u0131 mastarlar\u0131n edat\u0131 mastar\u0131n\u0131 hazf etmek sureti ile
    \n\u00d6l\u00fcmden 1\u00ean den 1\u00ea, dans kafe den kefen, oyun qequ den qequin.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. B) <\/strong>Baz\u0131 mastarlar\u0131n nihayetini harekelendirmek suretiyle: Yapmak ss\u00ean, vazife ss\u00eani, akmak-ko\u015fmak ssen,tabiat-huy sseni.<\/li>\n
    2. C)<\/strong> Kadime, dahile,lahika denilen edatlardan birinin veya bir ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ilavesi ile:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Pe, laje: pelaj- perit (asl\u0131 peyit) –\u00a0 sshe, pe: sshape – cu\u00ean : kecu\u00ean, kecu\u00eajin \u2013 psevin: psevac\u00fbe, lejen, lejac\u00fbe \u2013 viblen: \u00e7ipevible.<\/p>\n

      Kelimeler \u015fekilleri itibariyle iki t\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr: Basit, m\u00fcrekkep. Semai olan , k\u0131yasi olan do\u011frudan do\u011fruya bir mefhuma delalet eden cezri kelimelere basit denilir<\/p>\n

      Ve, pe, be, mi, ti, xi, psi, pse, tse, dze, sseni, psape, quape.<\/p>\n

      Basit kelimeler birle\u015ferek m\u00fcrekkep kelimeleri v\u00fccuda getirir.Bunlarda iki surette te\u015fekk\u00fcl eder.<\/p>\n

      1)<\/strong> \u0130ki ve daha ziyade basit kelimenin resmen ittihad\u0131 (kelimeler cinsen ayn\u0131, muhtelif veya muhtelit olabilir.)<\/p>\n

      Quipse, quibzig, t\u0447uep1i, \u00fbfss\u00ea, vezague, pkifel, fague, kuess, ssher\u0447uen, ther\u00fbe.<\/p>\n

      2)<\/strong> Basit veya m\u00fcrekkep iki kelimenin yan yana gelerek muayyen bir mefhuma delalet etmek \u00fczere terkibi.<\/p>\n

      Tige-gaze, hede-qade, dene-hamliv, ssigue-qan, kuess-1\u00eass, tey\u0447uen- \u04511in, 1ege-pa1<\/p>\n

      Kelimeler mefhumlar\u0131 yani delalet ettikleri man itibari ile yedi k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r: \u0130sim, zamir,s\u0131fat,fiil,edat,zarf,nida. Biz burada \u2018\u0130lmi sarf\u2019 \u0131n mevzu-\u0131 asliyesini te\u015fkil eden bu k\u0131s\u0131mlar hakk\u0131nda izahata giri\u015fecek de\u011filiz. Ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn kelimelere \u015famil olan umumi kaideleri tesbit ile iktifa edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      VI<\/strong><\/p>\n

      UMUM\u0130 KA\u0130DELER<\/strong><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      1
      \nAdigece nas\u0131l yaz\u0131l\u0131rsa \u00f6yle okunur, nas\u0131l okunuyorsa \u00f6yle yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      2
      \nAdigece’de harfler daima sadalar\u0131n\u0131 muhafaza ederler.<\/p>\n

      3
      \nAyni harfin tekerr\u00fcr\u00fcnden muzaaf harfler husule gelir.<\/p>\n

      4
      \nMuzaaf harfler esas harflerinden daha a\u011f\u0131r okunur.<\/p>\n

      5
      \nMahrecleri muadil harfler birle\u015ferek m\u00fcrekkep harfler husule gelir.<\/p>\n

      6
      \nM\u00fcrekkep harfler kendisini terkip eden esaslar bir sadal\u0131 imi\u015f gibi -harflerin tabiat\u0131na g\u00f6re- hafif\u00e7e veya \u015fiddetle mezc olunarak okunur.<\/p>\n

      7
      \nM\u00fcrekkep harflerde son harfin sadas\u0131 vurgu kaidesi mucibince daha kuvvetli ve mahsus okunur.<\/p>\n

      8
      \nAdigece’de a\u011f\u0131r ve kaba mahre\u00e7li samiteler harekenin enva\u0131n\u0131 kabul ederlersede hafif samiteler zamme-i maksureyi yani(u) saitesi ile\u00a0 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0649 almazlar.<\/p>\n

      Netice demekki samiteler kabiliyeti harekiyyeleri nokta-i nazar\u0131ndan \u2018tam\u2019 ve nak\u0131s olmak \u00fczere ikiye taksim olunabilir.<\/p>\n

      9
      \nMutabakat\u0131 esvat kaidesi<\/p>\n

      Samiteler kendilerini takip eden saiteler ile mutabakat eder.Yani hafif saiteler \u00f6n\u00fcndeki samiteler hafif, ve bilakis a\u011f\u0131r saitelerin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki samiteler ise a\u011f\u0131r okunur<\/p>\n

      Qa, qe, qi, qui… gibi<\/p>\n

      10
      \nTehecci kaidesi<\/p>\n

      Her kelimenin adeti hecesi ihtiva etti\u011fi basit veya m\u00fcrekkep saitelerin\u00a0 adetine m\u00fcsavidir. Yani bir kelimede ka\u00e7 tane basit veya m\u00fcrekkep hareke-i harfiyye varsa o kadarda hece var demektir.<\/p>\n

      Xi, xase, xabze, themate, thematague.<\/p>\n

      11
      \nVurgu kaidesi<\/p>\n

      Adigece’de ka\u00e7 heceli olursa olsun kelimelerin son hecesi vurguludur.Yani son hece di\u011ferlerinden daha kuvvetli ve keskin okunur.<\/p>\n

      Tenbih 1: <\/strong>Kaberdey \u015fivesi bu kaideye biraz bir istisna te\u015fkil eder.\u0130ki ve daha ziyade heceli kelimelerde vurgu\u00a0 sondan ikinci heceye ge\u00e7er.ve bu sebeple di\u011fer bir kelimeye lahik oldu\u011fu vakit hali \u00fczere kal\u0131r.Halbuki K\u2019ahe (c\u00e2xe) \u015fivesinde nihayetteki hareke-i harfiyye ile beraber bir hece d\u00fc\u015ferek sakin okunur<\/p>\n

      Adige, bze: Adigebz, k. Adigebze<\/p>\n

      Tenbih 2:<\/strong> Bilakis K\u2019ahe (c\u00e2xe) \u015fivesinde iki heceli ve nihayeti harekeli kelimeler kaberdey \u015fivesinde bir heceli ve sakindir.<\/p>\n

      \u00c7e\u00e7i, k. je\u00e7, \u00e7emi k.jem: vess\u00fbi k. vef\u06f8<\/p>\n

      Tenbih 3:<\/strong> Nihayeti Sakin ve bir heceli\u00a0 kelimelerde vurguyu her iki \u015fivedede son harf al\u0131r. siy\u06f8, kiyn …<\/p>\n

      Tenbih 4:<\/strong> Aslen sakin ve bir heceli kelimelerde vurgu her iki \u015fiveye g\u00f6rede nihayete gelir. T\u00e7ev, k. cev.<\/p>\n

      Tenbih 5:<\/strong> filas\u0131l\u00a0 zamme-i sakineli kelimelerde her iki \u015fiveye nazaran da vurguyu son hece al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Djegu k. Qequ: guinegu k. Guinegu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      2- Harflerin sureti m\u00fcbadelesini g\u00f6sterir cedvel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      1- SA\u0130TELER<\/td>\n2- SAM\u0130TELER<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      De\u011fi\u015fen
      \nharfler<\/td>\n      		Misaller<\/td>\nDe\u011fi\u015fen
      \nharfler<\/td>\n      		Misaller<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 a,e<\/td>\n\u00a0 dane, hamliv: dene hamliv<\/td>\n\u00a0 v,p,b<\/td>\n\u00a0 pti\u00e7tep (asl\u0131 viti\u00e7tept)
      \nbgec\u00fbedige<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 t,f<\/td>\n\u00a0 \u00e7e,bze: \u00e7abz.Nefen: nafe<\/td>\n\u00a0 p,b<\/td>\n\u00a0 peto, beto<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 i,e<\/td>\n\u00a0 vesi,psi: veseps.<\/td>\n\u00a0 t, d<\/td>\n\u00a0 tin, k.din<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 1\u00ee,blane: 1\u00eablan<\/td>\n\u00a0 s, t<\/td>\n\u00a0 t\u00e7efin (asl\u0131 s’\u00e7efin)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 e,i<\/td>\n\u00a0 ziteyter, ziteytir<\/td>\n\u00a0 s, z<\/td>\n\u00a0 segec\u00fbedi, zgec\u00fbedige<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 i,a<\/td>\n\u00a0 ssin, ssap\u0447e<\/td>\n\u00a0 s, ss<\/td>\n\u00a0 k. Se, c. Ssejjiy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 e
      \n}O
      \ni<\/td>\n      		\u00a0 be, bo daxe.mi, mo kac\u00fbe<\/td>\n\u00a0 ss,f<\/td>\n\u00a0 ssuiz, k. Fiz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 y, \u00e7<\/td>\n\u00a0 ay, a\u00e7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 ue
      \n}O
      \nu\u0131<\/td>\n      		\u00a0 gue: mo \u00e7emigo p1eguire se siy<\/td>\n\u00a0 \u00e7, ss<\/td>\n\u00a0 \u00e7i k. Ssi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 cui: co s1eguiger degui<\/td>\n\u00a0 y, j<\/td>\n\u00a0 ay dey, a\u00e7 dej<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 ue
      \n}O
      \nui<\/td>\n      		\u00a0 nikue, \u00a0feniku.\u00a0 \u0401\u00e7agu, f\u0451\u00e7agu.<\/td>\n\u00a0 j, jj<\/td>\n\u00a0 ji k.jji, jje k.je<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 djequ, djequequ. Qui, feziqu.<\/td>\n\u00a0 z, jj<\/td>\n\u00a0 bzivtsif, ab bjjivtsif<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 ssevegui, siy ssevegu.<\/td>\n\u00a0 j, dj, q<\/td>\n\u00a0 kuaj, kuadj, kuaq<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 xecu, xecuijj.<\/td>\n\u00a0 t\u00e7,c<\/td>\n\u00a0 t\u00e7e k.ce, t\u00e7\u00ea k.c\u00ea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 ui, ue, ua<\/td>\n\u00a0 guequi, guequegu, guequaku<\/td>\n\u00a0 \u00e7, t\u00e7, ss<\/td>\n\u00a0 \u00e7\u00e2s, t\u00e7as, ss\u00e2s<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 u, ue, ua<\/td>\n\u00a0 sshefiytigu, sshefiytigue,
      \nsshefiytguadj<\/td>\n      		\u00a0 jj,w<\/td>\n\u00a0 jjuague k.wague<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 ui, i<\/td>\n\u00a0 ssuiz, k. fiz<\/td>\n\u00a0 t\u00e7, tss, w<\/td>\n\u00a0 t\u00e7ui, tssui, wi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 ue, e<\/td>\n\u00a0 ssue k. fe<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00a0 uf, f<\/td>\n\u00a0 ssuate k. fade<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      12
      \nMubadele kaidesi<\/p>\n

      Kelimelerin i\u015ftikak (t\u00fcremek) terkibi ve tasrifi esnas\u0131nda mahrecleri yak\u0131n ve muadil saiteler birbiriyle de\u011fi\u015fir mesala i,e,a, saiteleri kolayl\u0131kla birbirinin yerine ge\u00e7er ve yine\u00a0 O zamme-i mebsutas\u0131 u zammei sakinesi ve\u00a0 m\u00fcrekkebat\u0131 ile tebedd\u00fcl eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
      <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      (saitelerin sureti tahavv\u00fcl ve terkibini g\u00f6sterir \u015fekil)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      A,e,i saiteleri ile m\u00fctenaz\u0131rlar\u0131 olan u m\u00fcrekkebat\u0131 yani ui,ue,ua, m\u00fcrekkeb saiteleri ayn\u0131 \u015five dahilinde birbirinin yerine ge\u00e7emez muhtelif esasl\u0131 iki \u015fivede(K\u2019ahe ve kaberdey \u015fivelerinde) bunlar aras\u0131ndada bir mubadele vukua gelir fakat mahrec itibariyle uzak ve gayri muadil oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in a saitesi hi\u00e7 bir vakit o veya u saiteleri ile de\u011fi\u015fmez.<\/p>\n

      Tenbih 1: <\/strong>Samiteler de bu kaideye tabiidir.Yani terkib ve tasrif esnas\u0131nda veya kelimeler \u015fiveden \u015fiveye ge\u00e7erken mahre\u00e7leri birbirine yak\u0131n ve muadil olan samiteler bir biri ile de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n

      13
      \nHazf kaidesi<\/p>\n

      Kelimelerin terkibi ve tasrifi esnas\u0131nda surat ve suhuleti temin bazen kelimelerin nihayetindeki saiteler hazf olunur. Adigece’de hazf bir ka\u00e7 yerde vaki olur.<\/p>\n

      1) <\/strong>Nihayetleri m\u00fcteharrik birer heceli kelimeler, nihayetleri m\u00fcteharrik bir veya iki heceli kelimeler ile terekk\u00fcb etti\u011fi zaman vurgu kaidesi mucibince ikinci kelimenin hareke-i harfiyyesi d\u00fc\u015ferek birinci kelime ile ittihat eder.<\/p>\n

      Dze, p\u00e7i: dep\u00e7. Dze, 1\u00ee : dze1\u00ee. Zeyc\u00fbe, the: zeyc\u00fbeith gibi.<\/p>\n

      2)<\/strong>\u00a0 Nihayete m\u00fcteharrik iki heceli bir kelime nihayeti harekeli bir heceli di\u011fer bir kelimeye lahak oldu\u011fu zaman ikinci kelimenin harekesi d\u00fc\u015fer,\u00a0 ittihat etmez fakat hafif\u00e7e\u00a0 mevsul okunur:<\/p>\n

      Dze, pa\u00e7e: dze pa\u00e7. Dze qua\u00e7e: dze qua\u00e7. Si \u00e2sse: ssi \u00e2ss.<\/p>\n

      3)<\/strong> Nihayeti m\u00fcteharrik iki heceli bir kelime nihayeti m\u00fcteharrik iki heceli bir di\u011fer kelimenin nihayetindeki hareke harfi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrsede ittihat etmez:<\/p>\n

      Ssigue, qane: ssigue qan. Disse, pa\u00fbe: disse pa\u00fb.<\/p>\n

      4)<\/strong> \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0647 iki ve ikiden ziyade heceli kelimelerin nihayetlerindeki saineler d\u00fc\u015fer ve sakin okunur.<\/p>\n

      \u00c7e\u00e7i, qane: \u00e7e\u00e7 qan. \u00c7e\u00e7i, mezaxe: \u00e7e\u00e7 mezax. Ssivi, pa\u00e7e: ssiv pa\u00e7. Ha\u00e7\u00ea, mafe: ha\u00e7\u06f8\u00a0 maf.<\/p>\n

      5)<\/strong> i, ye kaddimesi ile ibtida eden fiillerin tasrifi esnas\u0131nda veya i hareke harfiyeleri d\u00fc\u015fer ve y harfi zamir ile ittihad eder.<\/p>\n

      Seyve, seyhe, sayne yahut seyne gibi.<\/p>\n

      6)<\/strong> Nihayeti m\u00fcteharrik bir heceli kelimeler ibtidas\u0131 m\u00fcteharrik kelimeler ile birle\u015fdi\u011finde hareke d\u00fc\u015fer: Yaln\u0131z kalan samite Frans\u0131zcada oldu\u011fu \u00fczere bir apostrof (\u2019) ile di\u011fer kelimeden tefrik olunur.<\/p>\n

      Q\u2019api, e\u2019ane, s\u2019ape vimic\u00fb. Gibi.<\/p>\n

      7)<\/strong> Tasrif esnas\u0131nda fiil ile birle\u015fmek i\u00e7in imtiza\u00e7 kaidesi neticesi mahrecleri yak\u0131n ve muaddil harfler birbirleriye de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde zamir fiillerin harekeleri d\u00fc\u015fer:<\/p>\n

      Te dgec\u00fbedige, ve pti\u00e7tep, se zde\u00e7tep.<\/p>\n

      Tenbih: Kelime veya terkib nihayetindeki mahzuflar fiilin m\u00fctemat\u0131ndan bir kelime veya bir adet ilhak oldu\u011fu zaman avdet eder.<\/p>\n

      14
      \n\u0130kame kaidesi<\/p>\n

      Sukun ile nihayet bulan bir kelime di\u011fer bir kelimeye dahil olarak telaffuzca mu\u015fk\u00fclata tasdif edildi\u011fi zaman (i) saitesinin ikamesiyle m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fclata zail olur.<\/p>\n

      Bilim, pse: bilimips k. Bilimipse. Ssuiz (k. fiz), \u00e7e: ssuizi\u00e7 k. fizi\u00e7e. Fiyt, gue: fiytigue.<\/p>\n

      M\u00fcstesna:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Adetleri birbiri ve mfdutlar\u0131 ile bir (y) harfi fazlas\u0131yla birle\u015fir.<\/p>\n

      Sse, bli: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ssiybl.<\/p>\n

      yi1es, sse: \u00a0 yi1esiess.<\/p>\n

      Txi1, xi: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Txi1iyx.<\/p>\n

      15
      \nVusl kaidesi<\/p>\n

      Nihayeti samiteli bir kelimeden sonra saite ile ba\u015flayan bir kelime gelecek olursa ahenk\u00a0 ve selaseti temin i\u00e7in iki kelime bir imi\u015f gibi vusl olunarak okunur.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

      Mir~ ari, girtsijj ~ al gibi.<\/p>\n

      Tenbih: <\/strong>Bu kaidenin akside do\u011frudur yani nihayeti saiteli bir kelimeden sonra samite ile ba\u015flayan bir kelime gelirse a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6sterilen \u015feraat dahilinde lafzen veya resmen vusl olunur.<\/p>\n

      a) Nihayetleri m\u00fcteharrik bir heceli kelimeler nihayetleri m\u00fcteharrik iki heceli kelimeler ile\u00a0 nerkib etti\u011fi zaman resmen mutass\u0131l yaz\u0131l\u0131r, lafzen mevsul okunur:<\/p>\n

      dze, h\u00e7i: dzep\u00e7. zeyc\u00fbe, 1\u00ee: zeyc\u00fbe, 1^. zeyc\u00fbe, the,:zeyc\u00fbith.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. e) <\/strong>Ka\u00e7 heceli olursa olsun birinci kelimenin nihayetinde m\u00fcbadele gibi bir tehvil vukuunda resmen mutass\u0131l yaz\u0131l\u0131r, lafzen mevsul okunur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Adige, bze: adigabz.<\/p>\n

        Vesi, psi. Veseps.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. i)<\/strong> \u0130ki kelimenin saiteleri aras\u0131nda takdim ve tehir gibi bir tehvil vukuunda resmen\u00a0 mutass\u0131l ve lafzen mevsul okunur.Sayne (asl\u0131 siy ane)<\/li>\n
        2. u)<\/strong> Hi\u00e7 bir tehvil vaki olmaz ise yaln\u0131z lafzen hafif\u00e7e vusl olunur. Se sec\u00fbe, vesi psi.o) <\/strong>Fethe memdudeli bir kelime di\u011fer bir kelimeye dahil olacak olursa fethe memdude fethe hafifeye tebdil eder m\u00fcnfas\u0131l yaz\u0131l\u0131r, hafif\u00e7e mevsul okunur:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          dene- hamliv, hede-qade, psesse- qua\u00e7e, themete-maf gibi.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. v) <\/strong>\u0130kame vukuunda daima resmen mutass\u0131l yaz\u0131l\u0131r ve lafzen mevsul okunur:bilimips gibi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Tenbih 1:<\/strong> Birinci kelimede hazf vaki olursa resmen ve lafzen vusl olunmaz.(\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sakine vusla manidir) mamafi yine suraatle okunur: ha\u00e7\u06f8\u00a0 maf,e gibi<\/p>\n

            Tenbih 2:<\/strong> Fiili zamirelerde tekrar eden zamirelerden birincilerini daima m\u00fcnfas\u0131l ikincilerini ise mutass\u0131l yazmak laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

            Se sess\u00ea, ve ve\u00fbe gibi<\/p>\n

            VII<\/strong><\/p>\n

            NET\u0130CELER<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Buraya kadar sard edilen mebuselerden \u015fu neticeler \u00e7\u0131kar:<\/p>\n

            1) <\/strong>Adigece Ari veya hindu-avrupai lisanlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn esvat\u0131na camidir.Fazla olarak kendisine mahsus baz\u0131 saddeleride vard\u0131r. \u015eark lisanlar\u0131nda bulunan (\ufec9 , \u00a0\ufeeb) saddelerinden birincisi yaln\u0131z Abazeh leh\u00e7esinde mevcut olup ikincisi hi\u00e7 yoktur.<\/p>\n

            Hulasa:<\/strong> Adigece kabliyeti savtiye nokta-i nazar\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zengin bir lisan\u0131d\u0131r. Bundanda Adigelerin vaktiyle pek m\u00fctemeddin, ve m\u00fcterakki bir kavmi necip oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

            2)<\/strong> Ur\u011fu (vurgu), mubadele, hazf, ikame, vusl\u00a0 gibi umumi kaidelere bak\u0131lacak olursa Adigece pek sarii, suhulet ve selset ile ak\u0131p giden bir lisand\u0131r. Binaenaleyh \u015fimdiye kadar zaht edilmi\u015f olan Adigece, hars itibariyle fakir isede tabiyyeten pek m\u00fctekamildir.<\/p>\n

            3)<\/strong> Umumiyet itibariyle imla ve k\u0131raat kaideleri pek kolayd\u0131r. Zira mahdut ve basittir. Frans\u0131zca ve di\u011fer baz\u0131 lisanlarda oldu\u011fu gibi Kemiyyet ve kifayet takdii nazar\u0131ndan mutabakat yoktur.<\/p>\n

            4) <\/strong>kavaidi gayet sade ve muin, \u015fivesi son derece selis\u00a0 ve vaz\u0131h olmakla bereber telaffuzu\u00a0 epi g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. Bu da:<\/p>\n

            g,1 gibi di\u011fer lisanlarda pek tesad\u00fcf edilmeyen ba\u011fz\u0131 \u0631\u064a\u062d\u0649 ve taklidi basit.<\/p>\n

            e- jj, ss gibi ba\u011fz\u0131 kaba ve taklidi muzaaf.<\/p>\n

            i- Bir \u00e7ok m\u00fcrekkeb hususiyle hemzeden m\u00fcrekkeb harflerin bulunmas\u0131 gibi bir tak\u0131m tabii sebebelerden ne\u015f\u2019et etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

            5) <\/strong>Terkib ve tasrif, E\u015ftekak esnas\u0131nda kelimelerde pek \u00e7ok tahvileler vukua gelir. Bundanda anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rki Adigece baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n zanetti\u011fi gibi ellisani \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u00a0den de\u011fil ellisani \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u00a0veya\u00a0 tasrifiyedendir.\u00a0 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve di\u011fer ellisani\u015farkiyye ile hi\u00e7bir m\u00fcnasebeti yoktur. Adigece do\u011frudan do\u011fruya Ari veya hindu-avrupai ailesinden \u067e\u0647\ufefb\u0698 yahud \u063a\u0631\u06c3\u0642\u0648latin\u00a0 \u015fubesindendir. Adigece’nin Vurgu, m\u00fcbadele, hazf vusl gibi kavaide-i umumisinin tamam\u0131yle latin elsenesi kavaidine mutab\u0131k olmas\u0131 bu iddiay\u0131 teeyid eden bir delil-i maddi\u00a0 mahiyetindendir.<\/p>\n

            Sa 10 Kanunievvel Sani 1921, \u0130stanbul<\/p>\n

            SON<\/strong><\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Z\u0130L<\/strong><\/p>\n

            HEMZE HAKKINDA BAZI M\u00dcLAHAZALAR<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Adigece’nin zapt\u0131 hususunda en ziyade m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fclat tevliden hemzedir.\u0686\u0631\u0646\u0643\u0647 bu sada ariyen lisanlarda pek nadir ve ancak ba\u015fa ve ortaya gelen baz\u0131 saitelerde mahsus oldu\u011fu halde\u00a0 Adigece’de ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na m\u00fcstakil bir samitedir. Ve pek \u00e7ok mustaamildir. Bunun i\u00e7in latin harflerine uygun harf bulmak m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcld\u00fcr.Arabiyede oldu\u011fu gibi i\u015faret halinde de mahzur vard\u0131r.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc daima saite ile beraber bulunmuyor, Bazen kelime nihayetlerinde saiteler d\u00fc\u015ferek hemze yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na sakin kal\u0131yor.O zaman i\u015faret halinde ibkas vatbuaca o kadar bir mahzuru sail olmas isede yaz\u0131ca biraz m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fclat tevell\u00fcd ediyor. (\u0668) \u0130\u015faretinin hemze olarak kabul\u00fcnde bir isabet vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu i\u015faret Frans\u0131zca b\u00fct\u00fcn saitelerin \u00fczerine geliyor. Yaln\u0131z sakin olarak nihayete geldi\u011finde \u0668\u00a0 suretinde sabitei m\u00fc\u015febehet takdi-i nazar\u0131ndan muvaff\u0131k isede di\u011fer harfler ile uygun de\u011fil ve bi\u00e7imsizdir. Binaenaleyh matbuada \u0668 va yaz\u0131da ‘\u00a0 i\u015faretlerinin hemze olarak kabul\u00fc daha m\u00fcnasibdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 saday\u0131 hem i\u015faret hemde harf ile sabit etmek pek mecburiyet olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, muvaff\u0131k de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

            Herhalde \u015fu muhakkakki bunlar\u0131n ikiside \u015fimali kafkas cemiyetinin tasdik ve ne\u015fr etti\u011fi elifbada E \u015feklinde daha basit ve daha\u00a0 muvaff\u0131kt\u0131r.hulasa bu meselenin tamamiyle tekrar etmesi zaman ve bir akademinin himmetine metvukfdur.<\/p>\n

            HATA SEVAP CETVEL\u0130 <\/strong>
            \n(orjinal metinde iki sahife halinde terc\u00fcmesine gerek g\u00f6rmedik.Kitaptaki bask\u0131 hatalar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesinden ibaret.)<\/p>\n

            Kitab\u0131n tab\u2019\u0131 rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ma tesad\u00fcf etmesi sebebiyle yap\u0131lan itinaya ra\u011fmen baz\u0131 hatalar ve \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0631 bilahere naar\u0131 dikkati celp etmi\u015ftir. Maazeretime binaen kusurumun aff\u0131na karilerden rica ederim.<\/p>\n

            A.Tenbolet<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \u00a0 5- Samitelerin kabiliyeti harekesine g\u00f6sterir hece cetveli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            <\/td>\nv<\/td>\np<\/td>\nb<\/td>\nf<\/td>\nm<\/td>\nn<\/td>\n\u2502<\/td>\nl<\/td>\nr<\/td>\nt<\/td>\nd<\/td>\ns<\/td>\nz<\/td>\ny<\/td>\n\u00e7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            a<\/td>\nva<\/td>\npa<\/td>\nba<\/td>\nfa<\/td>\nma<\/td>\nna<\/td>\n\u2502a<\/td>\nla<\/td>\nra<\/td>\nta<\/td>\nda<\/td>\nsa<\/td>\nza<\/td>\nya<\/td>\n\u00e7a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            e<\/td>\nve<\/td>\npe<\/td>\nbe<\/td>\nfe<\/td>\nme<\/td>\nne<\/td>\n\u2502e<\/td>\nle<\/td>\nre<\/td>\nte<\/td>\nde<\/td>\nse<\/td>\nze<\/td>\nye<\/td>\n\u00e7e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            i<\/td>\nvi<\/td>\npi<\/td>\nbi<\/td>\nfi<\/td>\nmi<\/td>\nni<\/td>\n\u2502i<\/td>\nli<\/td>\nri<\/td>\nti<\/td>\ndi<\/td>\nsi<\/td>\nzi<\/td>\nyi<\/td>\n\u00e7i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            u<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            o<\/td>\n<\/td>\npo<\/td>\nbo<\/td>\nfo<\/td>\nmo<\/td>\nno<\/td>\n\u2502o<\/td>\nlo<\/td>\nro<\/td>\nto<\/td>\ndo<\/td>\nso<\/td>\nzo<\/td>\nyo<\/td>\n\u00e7o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            ue<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            ua<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            ui<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            <\/td>\nj<\/td>\nc<\/td>\nq<\/td>\nx<\/td>\nh<\/td>\n\u0447<\/td>\nk<\/td>\ng<\/td>\ng<\/td>\n^<\/td>\nw<\/td>\nss<\/td>\njj<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            a<\/td>\nja<\/td>\nca<\/td>\nqa<\/td>\nxa<\/td>\nha<\/td>\n\u0447a<\/td>\nka<\/td>\nga<\/td>\nga<\/td>\n\u00e2<\/td>\nwa<\/td>\nssa<\/td>\njja<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            e<\/td>\nje<\/td>\nce<\/td>\nqe<\/td>\nxe<\/td>\nhe<\/td>\n\u0447e<\/td>\nke<\/td>\nge<\/td>\nge<\/td>\n\u00ea<\/td>\nwe<\/td>\nsse<\/td>\njje<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            i<\/td>\nji<\/td>\nci<\/td>\nqi<\/td>\nxi<\/td>\nhi<\/td>\n\u0447i<\/td>\nki<\/td>\ngi<\/td>\ngi<\/td>\n\u00ee<\/td>\nwi<\/td>\nssi<\/td>\njji<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            u<\/td>\n<\/td>\ncu<\/td>\nqu<\/td>\nxu<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0447u<\/td>\nku<\/td>\n<\/td>\ngu<\/td>\n\u00fb<\/td>\nwu<\/td>\nssu<\/td>\njju<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            o<\/td>\njo<\/td>\nco<\/td>\nqo<\/td>\nxo<\/td>\nho<\/td>\n\u0447o<\/td>\nko<\/td>\ngo<\/td>\ngo<\/td>\n\u00f4<\/td>\nwo<\/td>\nsso<\/td>\njjo<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            ue<\/td>\n<\/td>\ncue<\/td>\nque<\/td>\nxue<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0447ue<\/td>\nkue<\/td>\n<\/td>\ngue<\/td>\n\u00fbe<\/td>\nwue<\/td>\nssue (c.)<\/td>\njjue<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            ua<\/td>\n<\/td>\ncua<\/td>\nqua<\/td>\nxua<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0447ua<\/td>\nkua<\/td>\n<\/td>\ngua<\/td>\n\u00fba<\/td>\nwua<\/td>\nssua (c.)<\/td>\njjua<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            ui<\/td>\n<\/td>\ncui<\/td>\nqui<\/td>\nxui<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0447ui<\/td>\nkui<\/td>\n<\/td>\ngui<\/td>\n\u00fbi<\/td>\nwui<\/td>\nssui<\/td>\njjui<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            [1]<\/a> Mesala Blenaw Bat\u0131kon\u0131n \u015eimali Kafkas maarif enc\u00fcmenince\u00a0 musaddak Adige elifbas\u0131nda Frans\u0131zca’dan aynen iktibas edilerek samitelerin hepside harekenin envai ile harekelenmi\u015ftir. Halbuki Adigece’de Baz\u0131 Samiteler harekenin tamam\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmezler.
            \n             [2]<\/a> Adigeler bu armalara Th\u0131pha Txip\u0447e diyorlarki yaz\u0131 alt\u0131 yani harf demektir.
            \n             [3]<\/a> Son zamanlarda T\u00fcrk m\u00fcnevverleri, hatta mebuslar\u0131 aras\u0131nda arabi hurufat\u0131n\u0131n tebdili hakk\u0131nda husule gelen cereyan g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne getirilsin!
            \n             [4]<\/a> Bu tarz tekam\u00fcl Frans\u0131zca’da bir \u00e7ok kelimelerde (s) harfi d\u00fc\u015ferek saitenin \u00fczerine (^) \u00a0i\u015faretinin gelmesine benzer.
            \n             [5]<\/a> \u00a0Bu kaide Frans\u0131zca vusl liaison kaidesinin ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            TSEY Ömer Hilmi Çeviri: Atchumıjj Turgut Açeri – Atchumıjj Hilmi Özen Halep Yeni Asır Matbaası’nda basılmıştır, 1926 MUKADDİME İlm-i lisanın kavanini umumiyesi Adigece’nin Kavaidi mahsusası ve Elsine-i saire ile münasebeti nazarı itibare alınarak tertib edilmiş olan bu elifba tedrisi değil tahlili ve ilmidir. Bizim gibi henüz lisanını zapt ve tesbit ile uğraşan bir millet için […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-edebiyat-genel-konular","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8778"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39291,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8778\/revisions\/39291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}