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EUTYKH Adnan Cank\u0131l\u0131\u00e7<\/b><\/span> 2003 y\u0131l\u0131 Mart ay\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Ba\u011flarba\u015f\u0131 KKKD\u2019nde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan sunum.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u00c7erkeslerin i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 toplumlar\u0131n sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik, sanatsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel varl\u0131klar\u0131na yapt\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez bir ger\u00e7ektir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu farkl\u0131 konulardaki faaliyetlerin dikkatle incelenmesi ve belgelenmesi de biz \u00c7erkeslerin g\u00f6revidir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015famaktan kaynaklanan nedenlerle bu \u00fclkede \u00c7erkeslerin belirtilen alanlarda bu \u00fclkeye yapt\u0131klar\u0131 katk\u0131lar\u0131 da daha \u00e7ok biz T\u00fcrkiyeli \u00c7erkeslerin ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ve belgelemesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n Bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc konumuz olan \u2018\u2019T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131nda \u00c7erkesler ve \u00c7erkes Temas\u0131\u2019\u2019 alan\u0131nda soyda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve sunuma haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f bulunuyorum.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131nda \u00c7erkesler denince hemen akl\u0131m\u0131za gelen iki yazar vard\u0131r ki; bu iki yazar: T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck yazarlar\u0131 olmakla birlikte ayn\u0131 zamanda verdikleri eserlerin niteli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131\u2019nda birer ilk olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131rlar. Bu iki isimden biri; ilk ve b\u00fcy\u00fck romanc\u0131 Ahmet Mithat Efendi di\u011feri ise ilk ve b\u00fcy\u00fck hikayeci \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019dir.<\/p>\n AHMET M\u0130THAT EFEND\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Ahmet Mithat Efendi\u2019den \u00f6nce roman yazan bir kad\u0131n yazar vard\u0131r ki; o da yazarl\u0131k hayat\u0131 boyunca sadece bir roman yazan Zafer Han\u0131m\u2019d\u0131r ve 1877 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan A\u015fk-\u0131 Vatan adl\u0131 tek roman\u0131 mevcuttur. Bu nedenle Ahmet Mithat Efendi ilk romanc\u0131 olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130kinci kad\u0131n yazar ise Fatma Aliye Han\u0131m\u2019d\u0131r ki; bu yazar\u0131n be\u015f roman\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ilk kad\u0131n romanc\u0131 olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Fatma Aliye Han\u0131m\u2019dan o s\u0131ralar Terc\u00fcman-\u0131 Ahval ad\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 gazetede Ahmet Mithat Efendi \u00f6vg\u00fcyle bahsedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Ahmet Mithat Efendi ayn\u0131 zamanda ilk romanc\u0131 olmakla birlikte ilk romantik yazard\u0131r da\u2026 Edebiyatta romantizmi ilk o i\u015flemi\u015ftir. 1844 Y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00c7erkes g\u00f6\u00e7menin oturdu\u011fu Tophane semtinde d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta babas\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f M\u0131s\u0131r \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131\u2019nda bir aktarda (baharat\u00e7\u0131) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, ilk\u00f6\u011frenimini Tophane S\u0131byan Mektebi\u2019nde tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 17 ya\u015f\u0131nda Ni\u015f\u2019te bulunan a\u011fabeyinin yan\u0131na giderek burada R\u00fc\u015ftiye\u2019yi (ortaokul) bitirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 1863 Y\u0131l\u0131nda Rus\u00e7uk\u2019ta mektup katipli\u011fi yaparken Bulgar as\u0131ll\u0131 \u00c7ankof\u2019tan Frans\u0131zca dersleri alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 1868 Y\u0131l\u0131nda Tuna Gazetesi\u2019nde yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f, burada tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tuna Valisi Mithat Pa\u015fa kendisine Mithat ad\u0131n\u0131 vererek tayin oldu\u011fu Ba\u011fdat\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu y\u0131llarda Ahmet Mithat Efendi Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta Vilayet Bas\u0131mevi\u2019ni kurarak Zevra Gazetesi\u2019ni \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ayn\u0131 zamanda Frans\u0131zca ve Arap\u00e7a\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 da ilerletmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk kitaplar\u0131 olan Hace-i Evvel ve K\u0131ssadan Hisse burada bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1871 Y\u0131l\u0131nda a\u011fabeyi \u00f6l\u00fcnce zorunlu olarak \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f ve 1872 Y\u0131l\u0131nda Ceride-i Askeriye ve \u0130bret Gazetesi\u2019nde yaz\u0131lar\u0131 yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O d\u00f6nemde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan fikir ak\u0131mlar\u0131ndan Yeni Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ak\u0131m\u0131na mensup olan Nam\u0131k Kemal\u2019le dostlu\u011funu ilerletmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Bir bas\u0131mevi kurarak kendi eserlerini burada \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flayan Ahmet Mithat 1872 y\u0131l\u0131nda Da\u011farc\u0131k Dergisi\u2019ni daha sonra da Devir ve Bedir Gazetelerini yay\u0131mlamaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1872 y\u0131l\u0131nda Da\u011farc\u0131k Dergisi\u2019nde yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Duvardan Bir Ses yaz\u0131s\u0131 nedeni ile Yeni Osmanl\u0131larla birlikte (Nam\u0131k Kemal ve Ebuzziya Tevfik) mahkum edilerek Rodos\u2019a s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmi\u015ftir. Orada da bo\u015f durmam\u0131\u015f K\u0131rkambar Dergisi\u2019ni \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f 1873 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Medrese-i S\u00fcleymaniye\u2019yi a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n H\u00fcseyin Fellah, Yer Y\u00fcz\u00fcnde Bir Melek, Hasan Mellah, Felatun Bey ve Rak\u0131m Efendi adl\u0131 romanlar\u0131n\u0131 da burada kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1876 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f ve yeni padi\u015fah Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019le iyi ge\u00e7inmi\u015ftir. 1875 y\u0131l\u0131nda karantina ba\u015fkatibi olmu\u015f 1877 y\u0131l\u0131nda da devletin resmi gazetesi olan Takvim-i Vakayi\u2019nin ve devlet bas\u0131mevinin olan Matbaa-i Amire\u2019nin m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ttihat ve Terc\u00fcman-\u0131 Hakikat gazetelerini de bu arada \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir \u00e7ok eserini tefrikalar halinde Terc\u00fcman-\u0131 Hakikat\u2019te yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1908 y\u0131l\u0131nda merkezi \u0130stanbul\u2019da olmak \u00fczere kurulan \u00c7erkes \u0130ttihat ve Teav\u00fcn Cemiyeti\u2019nin (\u00c7erkes Birle\u015fme ve Yard\u0131mla\u015fma Derne\u011fi) kurucular\u0131 ve aktif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ahmet Mithat ilk romanc\u0131 ve ilk romantik yazar olmakla birlikte, o d\u00f6nemde insanlara okuma zevkini kazand\u0131ra ilk yazar yani; Hace-i Evvel (\u0130lk \u00d6\u011fretme) ve \u2019\u2019k\u0131rk beygir g\u00fcc\u00fcnde bir yaz\u0131 makinesi\u2019\u2019 olarak da an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7evirileriyle birlikte 208 adet bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f eseri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kafkas tarihini incelemek ve belgelemek i\u00e7in de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015f, bu ama\u00e7la bir de kurul olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Kafkas adl\u0131 roman ve \u00c7erkes \u00d6zdenleri adl\u0131 tiyatro eseri de bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00c7erkes \u00d6zdenler adl\u0131 tiyatro eserinin sahnelendi\u011fi ilk gece \u0130stanbul\u2019da olaylar \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve o gece Osmanl\u0131 Tiyatrosu yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu konuyla ilgili olarak o\u011flu Kamil Yazg\u0131\u00e7 do\u011fumunun y\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cAhmet Mithat\u2019\u0131 An\u0131yoruz\u201d adl\u0131 sunumunda bu konudan \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6z etmektedir.<\/p>\n \u201cAhmet Mithat Efendi\u2019nin \u00c7erkes \u00d6zdenleri adl\u0131 piyesini en sona b\u0131rakt\u0131m. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7erkes \u00d6zdenleri\u2019nin tiyatro tarihimizde m\u00fchim bir yeri vard\u0131r. K\u0131saca izah edeyim: Bu \u00f6rf ve adet piyesinin g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc telakki ba\u015f katip Ali R\u0131za Pa\u015fan\u0131n mabeyinden Bab-\u0131 Aliye g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi, \u015fimdi aynen okuyaca\u011f\u0131m 1884 tarihli tezkereden g\u00fczelce anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cGedikpa\u015fa\u2019da kain Osmanl\u0131 Tiyatrosu\u2019nda \u00c7erkes \u00d6zdenleri ve \u00c7engi namlar\u0131yla icraya l\u00fcbiyat edilmi\u015f manzuru alii hazreti padi\u015fah\u0131 buyurulmu\u015f olan Terc\u00fcman-\u0131 Hakiykat\u00a0 Gazetesi m\u00fcndericat\u0131nda m\u00fcsteban olmu\u015ftur. Tiyatrolarda icra edilen l\u00fcbiyat\u0131n ahlak-\u0131 ahali \u00fczerinde olan tesirat-\u0131 maddiye v\u00fc maneviyesi ve bu oyunlar\u0131n ne gibi esbaba m\u00fcstenit olarak icra olundu\u011fu taraf-i e\u015fref-i cenab-i tacidarinden ge\u00e7ende irad buyurulmu\u015f olan m\u00fclahazat-i isabet ayattan iktibasla dahi nezd-i sami-i fahimelerinden musaddak olup \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir memlekette tiyatrolarda icra olunan l\u00fcbiyat\u0131n m\u00fcrettiblerince asla nazar-\u0131 ehemmiyete al\u0131nmayarak h\u00fcrriyet kelimesinin dahi haddi maruf ve me\u015fruunu tecav\u00fczle bir tak\u0131m m\u00fcnasebetsiz oyunlar icra olunmakta oldu\u011funa binaen bundan b\u00f6yle bu mis\u00fcll\u00fc mugayir- i adab \u00fc adat ve mifsid-i ahlak oyunlar\u0131n k\u00fclliyen men\u2019ine fevkalade dikkat ve itina edilmesi\u2026 talep olunmaktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n \u2019\u2019Gedikpa\u015fa\u2019da mevcut olan Osmanl\u0131 tiyatrosunda \u00c7erkes \u00d6zdenleri ve oyuncu namlar\u0131yla tertip edilmi\u015f oyunlar g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck sultana sunulan Tercuman\u0131 Hakikat gazetesi i\u00e7eri\u011finden de konu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tiyatrolarda sergilenen oyunlar\u0131n halk\u0131n ahlak\u0131 \u00fczerinde maddi ve manevi etkileri ve bunlar\u0131n hangi sebeplere dayanarak oynand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f g\u00fcnlerde en \u015ferefli y\u00fcce h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131k makam\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7ok isabetli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri i\u00e7eren duyurudan da al\u0131nt\u0131yla ve onlar\u0131n y\u00fcksek anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fruland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere bir memlekette sergilenen e\u011flenceli oyunlar\u0131n tertipleyicilerince hi\u00e7 dikkate al\u0131nmadan h\u00fcrriyet kelimesinin bile bilinen ve yasal s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015farak bir tak\u0131m uygunsuz oyunlar sergilenmekte olmas\u0131ndan hareketle, bundan b\u00f6yle buna benzer genel ahlak kurallar\u0131na\u00a0 ayk\u0131r\u0131\u00a0 ahlak bozucu oyunlar\u0131n tamamen yasaklanmas\u0131na ve bunda ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc dikkat ve \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmesi istenmektedir. (CC Notu: Yukar\u0131daki paragraf SSHALXHO Rag\u0131p taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019sine \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir.)<\/p>\n \u00c7erkes \u00d6zdenleri konusu s\u00fckunet bulacak yerde g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e \u015fiddetlendi\u011finden m\u00fcdahale kati oldu. \u2018Tebaa-i devlet\u2018 aras\u0131na nifak soktu\u011fu i\u00e7in menolundu. Hatta o gece zarf\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Tiyatrosu y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u201d.<\/p>\n Ahmet Mithat Efendi\u2019nin k\u00f6keniyle ilgili de s\u0131k s\u0131k tart\u0131\u015fmalar olmu\u015ftur. Do\u011fumunun 100. y\u0131l\u0131 olan 1944 y\u0131l\u0131nda an\u0131s\u0131na bast\u0131r\u0131lan \u201c\u0130deal Gazeteci Efendi Babam\u0131z AHMET M\u0130THAT\u201d adl\u0131 kitapta Hakk\u0131 Tar\u0131k Us\u00a0 \u201cAhmet Mithat\u2019\u0131n Kronolojisi\u201d adl\u0131 sunumunda \u015f\u00f6yle demektedir: \u201cKuzey Kafkasya\u2019da Karadeniz\u2019in do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda Anapa\u2019da bir aile, \u00c7erkeslerin Adige-Shapsugh kabilesi Havcir kolundan H\u00fcseyin ad\u0131nda bir zat ayn\u0131 koldan nefise han\u0131mla evlidir. Y\u0131l 1244-1828. D\u00f6rt ya\u015f\u0131nda bir o\u011fullar\u0131 var: \u0130brahim. Ruslar bu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Abaze yurduna \u00e7oktan g\u00f6z koymu\u015flard\u0131r: Anapa Kalesi 41 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir muhasara ve muharebeden sonra d\u00fc\u015fman eline d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor ve 14 Eyl\u00fcl 1829 Edirne Muahedesiyle Anapa\u2019y\u0131 terk ediyoruz. H\u00fcseyin Bey sava\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmayanlar saf\u0131ndad\u0131r; bu s\u0131ralarda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 -Mevlana gibi- Horasan\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kma ve Konya\u2019dan gelme bir T\u00fcrk oldu\u011fu rivayet edilen S\u00fcleyman ad\u0131ndaki kahyas\u0131na emanet ederek g\u00f6\u00e7menler kafilesine kat\u0131l\u0131yor. Kendisi ya orada kal\u0131p orada ya da \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Nefise Han\u0131m gebedir de\u2026 A\u011flayarak bin bir g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckle Sinop\u2019a oradan \u0130stanbul\u2019a geliyorlar. Tophane\u2019de L\u00fcleciler caddesinde, Kumbarac\u0131lar yoku\u015fundan \u00e7\u0131karken, Hac\u0131 Mimi mahallesinin \u00d6rtme Alt\u0131 soka\u011f\u0131nda bir eve yerle\u015fiyorlar. Nefise Han\u0131m \u00e7ocu\u011funu ilerde Sultan Abd\u00fclmecit\u2019in ikinci mabeyincilerinden Hilmi Efendi\u2019ye e\u015f ve Ahmet Mithat\u2019\u0131n eserlerinde imzas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz Beyo\u011flu Belediye Dairesi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Mehmet Cevdet\u2019e anne olacak Fatma\u2019y\u0131 burada do\u011furuyor.<\/p>\n S\u00fcleyman A\u011fa (sonralar\u0131 Hac\u0131 S\u00fcleyman) evin alt kat\u0131nda oturmaktad\u0131r ve onun hizmetindedir; varl\u0131klar\u0131 erimeye y\u00fcz tutmu\u015ftur. Nefise Han\u0131m bekar \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar\u0131 dikmekte, S\u00fcleyman A\u011fa da bu gibi \u015feylerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131yla me\u015fgul olmaktad\u0131r. Konu kom\u015fu Nefise Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n onunla evlenmesini uygun buluyorlar. Yap\u0131lan nikaha ra\u011fmen S\u00fcleyman\u2019la beyinin han\u0131m\u0131 bir m\u00fcddet kar\u0131 koca hayat\u0131 kuram\u0131yor. Nihayet bu yeni birle\u015fmeden, tahminle, (1832) y\u0131l\u0131nda Halime \u015eerife ad\u0131 verilmi\u015f k\u0131z\u0131, 1834\u2019te de \u0130smet adl\u0131 o\u011flu 1840\u2019da Hafize ad\u0131ndaki k\u0131z, 1844\u2019te de kendi ifadesiyle annesinin 16. ve son mevludu olarak Ahmet \u2018in do\u011fumu\u201d ( s. 229).<\/p>\n Ayn\u0131 kitaptaki\u00a0 \u201cAhmet Mithat Efendi\u2019nin Hal Terc\u00fcmesi\u201d adl\u0131 sunumunda Kaz\u0131m Nami \u015f\u00f6yle diyor:\u00a0 \u201c Ahmet Mithat Efendi\u2019nin S\u00fcleyman A\u011fa nam\u0131nda bir \u00c7erkes\u2019in o\u011flu oldu\u011funu \u0130stanbul\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011fini Ebu Ziya Tevfik Bey\u2019den \u00f6\u011freniyoruz. Halbuki kendi pederinin \u00c7erkes de\u011fil halis Anadolulu T\u00fcrk olup ancak \u00fcvey babas\u0131 ve Haf\u0131z Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n pederi \u00c7erkes oldu\u011funu ailesi bildiriyor. Hangi tarihte do\u011fmu\u015ftur?\u00a0 Validesi kimdir? Bu suallerin cevab\u0131n\u0131 ne Ebu Ziya\u2019n\u0131n makalelerinde ne de Ali Muzaffer Bey\u2019in \u201cTeracim-i Ahval-i Me\u015fahir\u201d inde bulabiliyoruz.\u201d (s. 221).<\/p>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn bu reddiyeler ve tart\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131nda Ahmet Mithat Efendi\u2019nin o\u011flu Kamil Yazg\u0131\u00e7 taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nan \u201cAhmet Mithat Efendi\u2019nin Hayat\u0131 Hat\u0131ralar\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 kitapta babas\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keniyle ilgili \u015fu s\u00f6zlerine g\u00f6z atal\u0131m:<\/p>\n \u201cBen, \u00f6n be\u015f, on alt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131m. Bir g\u00fcn babamla birlikte M\u0131s\u0131r \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131\u2019na gitmi\u015ftik. Ahmet Mithat viran bir aktar d\u00fckkan\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde durdu. Ben uzayan bu tevakkufa bir mana verememi\u015ftim. Babam garip bir dikkat ve \u0131srarla \u00f6n\u00fcnde durdu\u011fumuz d\u00fckkana bak\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Ben de bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131m\u0131 o viran d\u00fckkan ile babam\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fc aras\u0131nda dola\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor, orada soka\u011f\u0131n orta yerinde duru\u015fumuzun sebebini kestirmeye \u00e7abal\u0131yordum. Hele babam\u0131n ufak siyah g\u00f6zlerinin \u0131sland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce duydu\u011fum masum meraka, tuhaf bir de hayret kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ahmet Mithat: \u201cBen, \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumda \u015fu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn d\u00fckkan\u0131n u\u015fa\u011f\u0131 idim\u2026\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Daima vakur bir heybet i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rmeye al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m babam\u0131n bu s\u00f6zleri, benim hayretimi b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131… Ahmet Mithat ve u\u015fak\u2026 K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck havsalam bu iki kelimeyi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc bir arada yara\u015ft\u0131ram\u0131yordu. Babam\u0131n \u00e7ocuklu\u011funu o g\u00fcn o tevakkuftan biraz sonra girip oturdu\u011fumuz bir kahvede kendi a\u011fz\u0131ndan dinledim: \u2018\u2019Biliyorsun, senin deden, ninen, Kafkas muhacirlerindendir. Onlar\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019a geli\u015finden bir m\u00fcddet sonra, ben L\u00fcleciler soka\u011f\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ah\u015fap bir evin bas\u0131k tavanl\u0131 odas\u0131nda do\u011fmu\u015fum\u201d<\/p>\n D\u00f6rt, be\u015f ya\u015f\u0131mdaki hat\u0131ralar\u0131m\u0131 hayal, meyal, ondan sonrakileri ise vuzuhla hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum\u201d (s. 4- 5).<\/p>\n Babam\u0131n bizlere b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en k\u0131ymetli miraslardan birisi de k\u00fct\u00fcphanesidir: \u00c7erkesce,Arap\u00e7a, Fars ve Frans\u0131zca\u2019y\u0131 kendi ana dili gibi konu\u015fan, okuyan ve yazan Ahmet Mithat, \u0130ngilizce, \u0130talyanca, Bulgarca, Latince,ve Yunanca\u2019y\u0131\u00a0 da okur, anlar, fakat sadece iyi konu\u015famazd\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7indir ki, onun k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi de b\u00fct\u00fcn bu dillerde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f eserlerle doluydu. Bir\u00e7ok k\u00fct\u00fcphanelere aboneydi ve her hafta ona d\u00fcnyan\u0131n muhtelif yerlerinden kocaman paketler halinde kitaplar, mecmualar, gazeteler gelirdi. O bu kitaplar\u0131 bir \u00e7ok yerlerini \u00e7izerek, dikkatle okur, sonra onlar\u0131 numaralar, ve bir ev kad\u0131n\u0131 itinas\u0131 ile, k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinin raflar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirirdi. Kitaplar\u0131 hayattaki en \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fi \u015feyler aras\u0131ndayd\u0131. \u0130cap etti\u011fi zaman herhangi bir mevzu etraf\u0131nda arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 malumat\u0131 ihtiva eden kitab\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak bir s\u00fcrat ve kolayl\u0131kla bulurdu\u201d (s. 56).<\/p>\n O\u011flu Dr. Kamil Yazg\u0131\u00e7\u2019\u0131n bu s\u00f6zlerinden sonra, Ahmet Mithat Efendi\u2019nin ana dille yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bir esere elimizde olsayd\u0131 bu tart\u0131\u015fmalara kendisi \u00e7ok etkili bir cevap vermi\u015f olacakt\u0131. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yazan yazarlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda anadille de eser vermiyor olmas\u0131 bu g\u00fcn de hala kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda bir sorun olarak dura gelmektedir. Ne yaz\u0131 ki yazarlar\u0131m\u0131z bu konuda hala ihmalkar davranmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n \u00d6MER SEYFETT\u0130N<\/p>\n <\/strong>T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131\u2019nda hikaye denilince akla gelen ilk isim de \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019dir. HATKO adl\u0131 bir Adige ailesinden Binba\u015f\u0131 \u00d6mer \u015eevki Bey\u2019in o\u011fludur. 1884 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00f6nen\u2019de do\u011fmu\u015ftur. \u0130lk\u00f6\u011frenimini G\u00f6nen\u2019\u2019de yapt\u0131ktan sonra \u0130stanbul Ey\u00fcp Baydar R\u00fc\u015ftiyesi\u2019nde, Edirne Askeri \u0130dadisi\u2019nde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f. Te\u011fmen olarak \u0130zmir\u2019de, \u00dcste\u011fmen olarak Rumelin\u2019de askeri g\u00f6revlerde bulunduktan sonra 1910 Y\u0131l\u0131nda ordudan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. 1912 Yanya Savunmas\u0131\u2019nda Yunanl\u0131lara esir d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, serbest b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131nca \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelerek Kabata\u015f Lisesi\u2019nde edebiyat \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1920 Y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6lene kadar bu okulda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00d6mer Seyfettin Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son d\u00f6nemlerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan fikir ak\u0131mlar\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck\u2019\u00fc benimsemi\u015f ve bu do\u011frultuda yay\u0131n yapan T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131 adl\u0131 dergide Ziya G\u00f6kalp ve Ali Canip Y\u00f6ntem ile birlikte bu fikir ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kabata\u015f Sultanisi\u2019nde arkada\u015f\u0131 olan Fars\u00e7a \u00f6\u011fretmeni H\u00fcseyin Sami Bey yazar\u0131n babas\u0131ndan bahsederken \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201c\u00d6mer \u015eevki Efendi ve benim babam birlikte Kuban\u2019dan, Shapsugh b\u00f6lgesinden 1864 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7erek gelmi\u015fler, \u00d6mer \u015eevki Efendi bir s\u00fcre sonra orduya girmi\u015f, te\u011fmenli\u011fe y\u00fckseldi\u011fi s\u0131rada 93 Harbine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n Ali Canip yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in babas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ederken Kafkasya\u2019dan ya da Da\u011f\u0131stan\u2019dan oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Yine ba\u015fka bir kayna\u011fa g\u00f6re \u00d6mer \u015eevki Bey\u2019in babas\u0131 kar\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonra Hac\u2019ca gitmek \u00fczere Kafkasya\u2019dan \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelmi\u015f o\u011flu \u00d6mer ile k\u0131z\u0131 Fatma\u2019y\u0131 Sultan Tepesi \u015feyhine emanet ederek Hac\u2019ca gitmi\u015f fakat \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile geri d\u00f6nememi\u015ftir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta yetim kalan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 \u015feyh b\u00fcy\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f ve \u00f6nce \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in halas\u0131 Fatma Han\u0131m\u0131 o\u011flu ile evlendirmi\u015ftir. \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in babas\u0131 \u00d6mer \u015eevki Bey 17 ya\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011fi zaman \u015feyhten ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, subay olmak i\u00e7in bir birli\u011fe kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve asker olmu\u015ftur. Pek \u00e7ok kaynaklar buradan yola \u00e7\u0131karak \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in babas\u0131n\u0131n Kafkasya T\u00fcrklerinden ya da Da\u011f\u0131stanl\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerken baz\u0131lar\u0131 da \u00c7erkes oldu\u011funu iddia etmi\u015ftir. Ancak yazar\u0131n zaman zaman g\u00fcndeme gelen bu son iddiaya \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz.<\/p>\n \u201c\u00d6mer Seyfettin Ya\u015fam\u0131 Ki\u015fili\u011fi Sanat\u0131 Dili Se\u00e7meler\u201d adl\u0131 eserinde \u0130. G\u00fcven Kaya 1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan Sebil\u00fclre\u015fad adl\u0131 derginin 15. say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 375. sayfas\u0131ndan da al\u0131nt\u0131 yaparak \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in k\u00f6keniyle ilgili \u015fu bilgileri veriyor: \u201cSava\u015f\u0131n son y\u0131llar\u0131na do\u011fru, \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019e y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar daha de\u011fi\u015fik boyutlar kazand\u0131. 1919 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ele\u015ftiriler, dedikodu d\u00fczeyini de a\u015farak ki\u015fili\u011fine y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n M\u00fctareke y\u0131llar\u0131nda hece \u015fiirinin yerine yeniden aruz \u015fiirinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koymaya ba\u015flamas\u0131, asl\u0131nda \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019nin zay\u0131flay\u0131p H\u00fcrriyet ve \u0130tilaf\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesiyle ilgiliydi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc H\u00fcrriyet ve \u0130tilaf\u00e7\u0131lar \u0130slamc\u0131larla birle\u015fince daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015flerdi. \u00dcstelik T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini savunanlar\u0131n asl\u0131nda T\u00fcrk olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Sebil\u00fclre\u015fad dergisi bu i\u015fin lideri durumunda idi. E\u015fref Edip, bir yaz\u0131s\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131ktan a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa Ziya G\u00f6kalp ve \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019i hedef alarak \u015f\u00f6yle diyordu: \u201c(\u2026) Her biri ayr\u0131 kavmiyetlere mensup olduklar\u0131 halde G\u00f6kalp Bey\u2019in etraf\u0131na toplanan T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fclerden \u00c7erkes \u00d6mer Seyfettin Bey 20 Te\u015frinevvel tarihli ak\u015fam gazetesinde ne\u015fretti\u011fi bir makalede T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fclerin siyasi mefkurelerini hulasa ediyor\u2026\u201d (89) dedikten sonra a\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7lamalar ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamalarda bulunuyordu. \u00d6mer Seyfettin \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerdeki cevaplar\u0131nda \u00c7erkes olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispatlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ama pek etkili olam\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Bu s\u0131ralarda yaln\u0131z Yeni Mecmua\u2019da de\u011fil \u00e7e\u015fitli dergilerde de \u00f6yk\u00fclerinin yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131, Sebil\u00fcrre\u015fat\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ba\u015fka dergilerde de ki\u015fili\u011fine y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirilerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na neden oluyordu. Nitekim \u015eair Dergisi\u2019nde:<\/p>\n \u201c\u00d6mer Seyfettin ba\u015f sermayeleri denilerek \u00f6yk\u00fcleri ile alay edilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcm bu ele\u015ftirilerle yergiler \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in zevkle okunan \u00f6yk\u00fclerinin yava\u015f yava\u015f ilgi g\u00f6rmemesine neden olmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u201d (91)<\/p>\n \u00d6mer Seyfettin, Servet-i F\u00fcnun Edebiyat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n zor anla\u015f\u0131lan Osmanl\u0131ca\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n yerine halk\u0131n konu\u015ftu\u011fu dilden yazman\u0131n gereklili\u011fini savunuyordu. Bu savunmay\u0131 Gen\u00e7 Kalemler Dergisi\u2019nin ilk say\u0131s\u0131nda milli edebiyat ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kurulu\u015f manifestosu say\u0131lacak olan Yeni Lisan adl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131yla yapt\u0131. Ziya G\u00f6kalp ve Ali Canip Y\u00f6ntem ile birlikte milli edebiyat ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcleri aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. Eserlerinde \u00e7ocukluk an\u0131lar\u0131ndan, g\u00f6zlemlerinden, tarihten ve bir tak\u0131m menk\u0131belerden faydaland\u0131. 140 kadar hikaye yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu eserler 1917- 1918 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Yeni Mecmua\u00a0 1918- 1919 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u015fair, 1918-1920 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Vakit, T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131, Ak\u015fam Dergisi, ve gazetelerinde yay\u0131mland\u0131. \u00d6yk\u00fcleri Efruz Bey, Kahramanlar, Bomba, Harem, Y\u00fcksek \u00d6k\u00e7eler, Kurumu\u015f A\u011fa\u00e7lar, Yaln\u0131z Efe, Falaka, A\u015f Dalgas\u0131, Beyaz Lale, Gizli Mabet\u2026 \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in \u015fiirleri \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra derlenerek bir kitap halinde yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in G\u00fcne\u015f adl\u0131 \u015fu \u015fiirinde onun T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc fikirlerini a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n G\u00dcNE\u015e<\/strong><\/p>\n Hep \u00e7\u00f6l olmu\u015f mamureler\u2026 Da\u011f, kaya Eski Hanlar, hakanl\u0131klar batarak, T\u00fcrk milleti karanl\u0131kta \u015fa\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Bu karanl\u0131k b\u00f6yle s\u00fcrmez\u2026 Bir sabah \u015eimdi bilebile \u00e7ocu\u011fumuz uyan\u0131k Birle\u015firler, \u00f6\u00e7 al\u0131rlar\u2026 Hepimiz \u00d6mer Seyfettin<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n AHMET M\u0130THAT EFEND\u0130 ve \u00d6MER SEYFETT\u0130N\u2019\u0130 K\u0130ML\u0130K \u2013 K\u0130\u015e\u0130L\u0130K KAVRAMLARI A\u00c7ISINDAN KAR\u015eILA\u015eTIRMA<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 yapmadan \u00f6nce kimlik ve ki\u015filik kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n ne anlama geldi\u011fini k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fay\u0131m: Kimlik, bir ki\u015finin mensubiyeti, i\u00e7inden geldi\u011fi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, etnik aidiyeti veya milliyetidir. Dil kimli\u011fin en \u00f6nemli unsurudur.<\/p>\n Ki\u015filik ise bir insan\u0131n nev-i \u015fahs\u0131na m\u00fcnhas\u0131r \u00f6zellikleridir.<\/p>\n Ahlaka dair ki\u015filik: D\u00fcr\u00fcst, tutarl\u0131, s\u00f6zde durma, ahde vefad\u0131r. Yunus\u2019un deyi\u015fiyle ki\u015filik: \u201c\u0130lim bilmektir, kendin bilmektir\u201d. Mevlana\u2019n\u0131n deyi\u015fiyle ki\u015filik: \u201cHatalar\u0131 \u00f6retmekte gece gibi olmakt\u0131r\u201d, \u201cmarifetleri g\u00f6stermede g\u00fcne\u015f gibi olmakt\u0131r\u201d,\u00a0 \u201cya oldu\u011fun gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmek, ya da g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn gibi olmakt\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n \u0130nsan sevgisine dair ki\u015filik; \u201co nice insanlar ki; \u00fczerinde elbise olmayan\u201d ve \u201co nice elbiseler ki; i\u00e7inde insan olmayan\u201dlar\u0131 g\u00f6rmektir.<\/p>\n Ahlaka mugayir ki\u015filik: \u201dKendini bilmez okumu\u015f\u201d, yalanc\u0131, d\u00fczenbaz, entrikac\u0131, ars\u0131z, h\u0131rs\u0131z, yobaz, m\u00fcfteri, olmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Cesarete dair ki\u015filik: Korkusuz, atak, cesur, inat\u00e7\u0131, do\u011fru bildi\u011finden geri ad\u0131m atmayan, hakl\u0131 oldu\u011fu sava\u015ftan ka\u00e7mayan, arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yar\u0131 yolda b\u0131rakmayand\u0131r. Atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n deyi\u015fiyle cesarete dair ki\u015filik;\u201d psem yipe nape\u201ddir (y\u00fcz ak\u0131 (onur) candan \u00f6te).<\/p>\n Cesarete mugayir ki\u015filik: Korkak, pasif, ezik, sinik, silik, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 i\u00e7in kraldan \u00e7ok kralc\u0131, en \u00f6nemlisi de asl\u0131na m\u00fcnkir olmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Dahas\u0131 da vard\u0131r. Ki\u015filik k\u0131saca budur.<\/p>\n Kendi ger\u00e7e\u011fini inkar eden (asl\u0131na m\u00fcnkir) \u00d6mer Seyfettin, kimlik-ki\u015filik ili\u015fkisi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tutars\u0131z, inkarc\u0131, kraldan \u00e7ok kralc\u0131d\u0131r. Mensup oldu\u011fu \u00c7erkes toplumunun sorunlar\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kmak, kayg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fmak yerine; kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yaz\u0131s\u0131nda; \u201cben \u00c7erkes de\u011filim\u201d demek suretiyle kimlik-ki\u015filik ili\u015fkisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bulundu\u011fu noktay\u0131 ayan ve beyan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Bunun \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu gazeteye, hem\u015feri ve tan\u0131yanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tepki yaz\u0131lar\u0131 postalanm\u0131\u015f, bu mektuplar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu gazetede aynen yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu mektuplarla ilgili Beyaz\u0131t\u2019taki ve Vefa\u2019daki k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerde yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fum taramalar bir netice vermemi\u015ftir. Ancak bu k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerde \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in de yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu Gen\u00e7 Kalemler Dergisinin bir\u00e7ok say\u0131s\u0131na ula\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131, k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerde\u00a0 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6revlilerin\u00a0 fazla y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu say\u0131lar\u0131n okurlara verilemedi\u011fini\u00a0 gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterdiklerini de belirtmek isterim. Bu nedenle bu mektuplardan birinin terc\u00fcmesini burada g\u00f6stermek ne yaz\u0131k ki m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n Ahmet Mithat Efendi ise tam aksine bilgisini ve eme\u011fini \u00c7erkes milletinden esirgemeden, \u00c7erkes \u0130ttihat ve Teav\u00fcn Cemiyeti\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na aktif olarak kat\u0131l\u0131rken bir yandan da \u00c7erkeslerle ilgili Kafkas roman\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 ve \u00c7erkes \u00d6zdenleri adl\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli tiyatro oyununu kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bununla birlikte Ahmet Mithat Efendi bir\u00e7ok eserinde \u00c7erkes karakterlerini romanlar\u0131nda i\u015flemi\u015f ve bu karakterlerin hep \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan, d\u00fcr\u00fcst, cesur, g\u00fcvenilir, ahde vefal\u0131, iyi ahlakl\u0131 ve ki\u015fili\u011fi ile \u00e7evresindeki insanlar\u0131 etkileyen,toplumda sayg\u0131 ve sevgi g\u00f6ren karakterler olmalar\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u00c7erkes kimli\u011fine sahip \u00e7\u0131karak \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019le alamet-i farikas\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n D\u0130\u011eER YAZARLAR ve ESERLER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Abdullah Z\u00fcht\u00fc, Eserleri:<\/strong> G\u00fcller ve Dikenler, Rehg\u00fczar-\u0131 Matbuatta ( Matbabadan Ge\u00e7en Yolda ), \u015eikeste Beste (K\u0131r\u0131k Beste ), Sara, Kad\u0131n Hisleri, Muharririn Zevcesi, Bahr-\u0131 M\u00fcncemid-i \u015eimalide, Madmazel Y\u00fcz Milyon.<\/p>\n KOZBA Hasan Amca, Eserleri:<\/strong> Nizamiye Kap\u0131s\u0131, Do\u011fmayan H\u00fcrriyet, Yar\u0131da Kalan \u0130htilal.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n ARIDBA Asan Ar\u0131t, Eserleri:<\/strong> \u201c\u0130\u015flerde Bozukluk Var\u201d adl\u0131 radyo oyunu ile 1966 TRT Sanat \u00d6d\u00fclleri Yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda birincilik. \u201cBeberuhiler\u201d adl\u0131 oyun ile mansiyon, \u201cKu\u015f\u201d adl\u0131 oyun ile TRT 1970 sanat \u00f6d\u00fclleri ve TV \u00c7ocuk oyunu ba\u015far\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc, Di\u011fer eserleri Siyaml\u0131 \u0130kizler, Sap\u0131klar, Bal Sine\u011fi, Aya Bir Yolcu, U\u00e7amayan Ku\u015flar Tutulur, G\u00fcne\u015fi Parlatanlar\u0131n G\u00f6lgesinde.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n ARIDBA Fikret Ar\u0131t, Aserleri:<\/strong> TRT 1970 Sanat \u00d6d\u00fclleri Yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda radyo ve tv. \u00c7ocuk dallar\u0131nda iki \u00f6d\u00fcl, \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe Do\u011fru adl\u0131 eseriyle 1984 S\u0131tk\u0131 Dost \u00c7ocuk edebiyat ikincilik \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc.<\/p>\n Romanlar\u0131: Manlisa, G\u00fczel Yuana, Maziden Gelen Sesler, Bu Hayat\u0131 Ya\u015famak Laz\u0131m, Muhtar, Kader B\u00f6yle \u0130mi\u015f, Hep Bu Topraklar \u0130\u00e7in.<\/p>\n \u00c7ocuk Romanlar\u0131: K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Fedailer, Garip, Transfer Ahmet, Tutsak Do\u011fanlar, U\u00e7an Kleopatra,<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Aysel Alpsal, Eserleri:<\/strong> Alaca Karanl\u0131kta adl\u0131 bir roman\u0131 ve S\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 adl\u0131 bir hikaye kitab\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n E \u015eevket Avaro\u011flu Eserleri:<\/strong> Nevres Baba ve A\u015fk\u0131n \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc adl\u0131 iki roman\u0131 ile K\u00f6se Fuat ve olamyan \u015eeyler adl\u0131 iki hikaye kitab\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir de , \u015eeriat\u00e7as\u0131na adl\u0131 tiyetro oyunu mevcuttur.<\/p>\n Kemal Bilba\u015far Eserleri:<\/strong> Romanlar\u0131; Deniz \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, Ay Tutuldu\u011fu Gece, Cemo, Memo, Ye\u015fil G\u00f6lge, Yonca K\u0131z ( \u00e7ocuk roman\u0131), Ba\u015fka Olur A\u011falar\u0131n D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, K\u00f6lelik D\u00f6nemeci, Bedo\u015f, Z\u00fchre Nine,<\/p>\n Hikayeleri: Anadolu\u2019dan Hikayeler, Cevizli Bah\u00e7e, Pazarl\u0131k, Pembe Kurt, \u00dc\u00e7 Boyutlu Hikayeler, Irgatlar\u0131n \u00d6fkesi.<\/p>\n Ratip Tahir Burak, Eserleri:<\/strong> \u015eanl\u0131 Plevne, Koca Yusuf, Cem Sultan, Saray Kad\u0131nlar\u0131, Lale Devri, Bir Yemin U\u011fruna, Sihirli Kaftan, Cinci Hoca, Bize Barboroslu Derler, K\u0131rk \u015eehitler Kalesi ( resimli roman ), Karikat\u00fcr Alb\u00fcm\u00fc, Hapishane Hat\u0131ralar\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n CARIM Nimet Arz\u0131k, Eserleri:<\/strong> \u0130blisi \u00c7i\u00e7e\u011fi, \u00d6l\u00fc \u015eerif Arz\u0131ktan Mektuplar ( ta\u015flama ), Kulun Elinde Kul, AP\u2019nin Roman\u0131, Oy Ver Bana Alt\u0131nda\u011f, Pat\u00e7i\u00e7ek, Siyam Kral\u0131na Mayonu Ta\u015f\u0131tma ( tiyatro ), Ak Alt\u0131n\u0131n A\u011fas\u0131 ( Hac\u0131 \u00d6mer Sabanc\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hayat\u0131 ), Osmanl\u0131 Saray\u0131nda Yabanc\u0131 Kad\u0131n Sultanlar.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nihat Eruz, Eserleri:<\/strong> \u00c7uval\u0131n Yan\u0131ndaki Adam, Yumma, G\u00fcl H\u0131rs\u0131z\u0131, \u0130nsanca, Bamteli.<\/p>\n Ergin G\u00fcn\u00e7e, Eserleri:<\/strong> Gen\u00e7 \u00d6lmek, T\u00fcrkiye Kadar Bir \u00c7i\u00e7ek ( \u015fiir ),<\/p>\n Kandemir Konduk, Eserleri<\/strong>: Tiyatro: Y\u00fczs\u00fcz Z\u00fcht\u00fc, D\u00f6k \u0130\u00e7ini Rahatla, Deli Deli Tepeli, \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n L\u00fczumu Yok, Yasaklar, \u015euna Buna Dokunduk.<\/p>\n Atiye Keskin Kubanl\u0131, Eserleri:<\/strong> Romanlar\u0131: Kader K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, Cezayir Mektuplar\u0131, \u015eeytanl\u0131 De\u011firmen, Kar\u0131ncan\u0131n \u00d6\u011f\u00fctleri ( piyes ).<\/p>\n D\u0130\u015eNOY Ayla Kutlu, Eserleri:<\/strong> Romanlar\u0131: G\u00f6\u00e7men Bir Ku\u015ftu O ( 1986 Madaral\u0131 Roman \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ), Ho\u015f\u00e7a Kal Umut ( 1987 R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Koray Roman \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ), Sen de Gitme Triyandafilis ( 1991 Sait Faik Hikaye \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ), Merhaba Sevgi ( \u00e7ocuk roman\u0131 ), Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f, Islak G\u00fcne\u015f, Cad\u0131 A\u011fac\u0131, Tutsaklar, H\u00fcsn-\u00fc Yusuf G\u00fczellemesi, Kad\u0131n Destan\u0131.<\/p>\n D\u0130\u015eNOY Tar\u0131k Cemal Kutlu, Eserler:<\/strong> Tozlu K\u00f6y Yolu, Memede G\u00f6t\u00fcr A\u011fa ( Son Havadis Gazetesi \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcl\u00fck \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ), \u0130mam Mansur, Umar Ela\u2019n\u0131n H\u00fcnerleri, Taymi Bibolat, \u00dc\u00e7 Karde\u015f, Dili Edebiyat\u0131 ve Tarihiyle \u00c7erkesler ( kolektif eserin \u00c7e\u00e7enler ile ilgili b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc 1993).<\/p>\n Mahmut Sad\u0131k, Eserleri:<\/strong> Romanlar: R\u00fc\u015fvet, Sevda, Kalb-i \u015eeyda, Tekam\u00fcl, Makaleler, Takvimden Yapraklar.<\/p>\n \u00c7etin \u00d6ner, Eserleri:<\/strong> 1981, Radyo Televizyon Muhabirleri Y\u0131l\u0131n Televizyon Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, 1982 \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Gazeteciler Derne\u011fi Y\u0131l\u0131n Yay\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131 \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Film Dal\u0131nda Ba\u015far\u0131 \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, Gulibik adl\u0131 \u00e7ocuk roman\u0131 ile Berlin Festivalinde En \u0130yi \u00c7ocuk Filmi \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, ABD, \u0130spanya, Yugoslavya\u2019da benzer \u00f6d\u00fcller.<\/p>\n Z\u00fcbeydet \u015ehapl\u0131, Eserleri:<\/strong> Kafkas A\u015fk\u0131 (1944), Abrek ( ayn\u0131 k\u0131sa roman\u0131n yeni bask\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130stanbul 1977), D\u00f6rt Kafkas Hikayesi ( bu kitapta yazar\u0131n \u201c L\u2019sclave: K\u00f6le adl\u0131 hikayesinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00e7evirisi bulunmaktad\u0131r ( Ankara 1971 ).<\/p>\n Aytun\u00e7 Alt\u0131ndal, Eserleri:<\/strong> \u015eiirleri: Partizan, Dinmeyen, An\u0131lan, \u0130hanet \u015eiirleri, Otellerde.<\/p>\n Osman Numan Baranus, Eserleri:<\/strong> \u015eiir Kitaplar\u0131: Toygan, Sevmek, Egemen, A\u011fr\u0131lar Topra\u011f\u0131, Tuzhurmatu, g\u00fcnberi, K\u00fcl\u00fcnk, Apans\u0131z Panay\u0131r, Alaza Kesen Y\u00fcrek, ,Zor Yol, Gebe Gece, Dinago Triosu, Huahualar, Utkulu Kulvar, Haykular ve Beyitler, Bergamut, Geriye Saymak, Y\u0131kan\u0131k Ir\u0131plar, K\u0131y\u0131da Horata, G\u00fcnad\u0131n Soyundan, Tanat\u0131mm\u0131, S\u0131n Adl\u0131 Ulu Yaya,<\/p>\n \u0130nceleme ve Deneme Sohpetleri: Zihni Hazinedaro\u011flu, Ana Damar, Okulsuzculuk\u2026<\/p>\n Hikmet Erhan Bener, Eserleri:<\/strong> Romanlar\u0131: Acemiler, Gordium, Lo\u015f Ayna, Ara Kap\u0131 ( 1962 T\u00fcrk- Frans\u0131z K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fi Roman \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ), Baharla Gelen, Yaln\u0131zl\u0131k, Bir B\u00fcy\u00fck B\u00fcrokrat\u0131n Roman\u0131, Sisli Yaz, Ortadakiler, Tekille\u015fme, Anafor, Elifin \u00d6yk\u00fcs\u00fc, B\u00f6cek, \u00d6l\u00fc Bir Deniz.<\/p>\n Hikayeleri: A\u015fk-\u0131 Muhabbet Sevda ( 1992 Yunus Nadi \u00d6yk\u00fc \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, Haldun Taner \u00d6yk\u00fc \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ), Gece Gelen \u00d6l\u00fcm, H\u0131z\u0131r Doktor ( 1979 Muhsin Ertu\u011frul \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc.<\/p>\n V\u00fcsat O. Bener, Eserleri:<\/strong>\u00a0 Ihlamur A\u011fac\u0131 (1963 T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu Tiyatro \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ), \u0130pin Ucu ( 1980 Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ), Siyah Beyaz ( Sedat Simavi Edebiyat \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ve Yunus Nadi \u00d6yk\u00fc \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ).<\/p>\n Romanlar\u0131: Bozuk \u00c7a\u011f\u0131n Vir\u00fcs\u00fc, Bay Muannit Sahtegi\u2019nin Notlar\u0131.<\/p>\n Hikayeler: Dost, Ya\u015famas\u0131z, Siyah Beyaz. KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/strong> EUTYKH Adnan Cankılıç 2003 yılı Mart ayında İstanbul Bağlarbaşı KKKD’nde yapılmış olan sunum. Çerkeslerin içinde yaşadıkları toplumların sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik, sanatsal ve kültürel varlıklarına yaptıkları büyük katkılar tartışma götürmez bir gerçektir. Bütün bu farklı konulardaki faaliyetlerin dikkatle incelenmesi ve belgelenmesi de biz Çerkeslerin görevidir. Türkiye’de yaşamaktan kaynaklanan nedenlerle bu ülkede Çerkeslerin belirtilen alanlarda bu ülkeye 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\n<\/span><\/p>\n
\nKabak tad\u0131 verdi hikayeleri\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
\nOrman \u0131rmak\u2026 B\u00fct\u00fcn varl\u0131k bir hi\u00e7e
\nD\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f! \u00d6l\u00fcm kanat salm\u0131\u015f itaya<\/p>\n
\nBozkurt esir d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f Beyaz Ay\u0131\u2019ya,
\nTan\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor Uygur, Tatar, Sart, Kazak.<\/p>\n
\nAfyon yutmu\u015f, u\u00e7uruma yatarak,
\nSilah\u0131n\u0131 ma\u011fluplar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
\nG\u00fcne\u015f do\u011far ayd\u0131nlan\u0131r ortal\u0131k
\nUyan\u0131nca Turan \u00e7ekmez art\u0131k ah\u2026<\/p>\n
\nG\u00fcn do\u011farsa birbirini unutan
\nBu karde\u015fler kal\u0131r m\u0131 hi\u00e7 da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k?<\/p>\n
\nKurtuluruz bu kabuslu uykudan
\nEy g\u00fcne\u015f do\u011f, ey g\u00fcne\u015f do\u011f da biz
\nUyanal\u0131m \u015fu granit uykudan!<\/p>\n
\n<\/p>\n
\n1) <\/strong>\u0130deal Gazeteci Efendi Babam\u0131z Ahmet Mithat (Do\u011fumunun 100. Y\u0131l\u0131 an\u0131s\u0131na )
\n2) <\/strong>Ahmet Mithat Efendi\u2019nin Hayat\u0131 Hat\u0131ralar\u0131 (O\u011flu Dr. Kamil Yazg\u0131\u00e7).
\n3) <\/strong>\u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019in Ya\u015fam\u0131 Ki\u015fili\u011fi Sanat\u0131 Dili Se\u00e7meler (\u0130. G\u00fcve Kaya).
\n4) <\/strong>Kafkas Diasporas\u0131\u2019nda Edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar Yazarlar S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (Sefer Berzeg)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"