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Prof. Dr. \u011eI\u015e Nuh<\/span><\/b> Biliminsan\u0131n\u0131n G\u00f6z\u00fcyle: “Do\u011fruluk Dostluktan Daha De\u011ferlidir”<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n Adigelerin k\u00f6keni \u00fczerine a\u00e7\u0131klamalar<\/p>\n <\/strong> Adigelerin bir toplum olarak bir arada bulunduklar\u0131 ve ortak bir alanda ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131ralarda hangi dili konu\u015fmu\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bilmemiz kolay de\u011fildir, konu yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklarda\u00a0 yeterince belirtilmi\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\n Kaynaklara g\u00f6re Adigeler Hatlar<\/strong>‘dan (\u0425\u044c\u0430\u0442\u0445\u044d\u0440) (*) t\u00fcremi\u015flerdir. Bu nedenle Adigece’nin Hat dilinden (\u0425\u044c\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0431\u0437\u044d) t\u00fcremi\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Bu s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc destekleyici nitelikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fcr\u00fcnleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Peki Hatlar kimlerden t\u00fcremi\u015f olabilirler? Hatlar\u0131n Hananlar<\/strong>\u2019dan (\u0425\u044c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u044d) t\u00fcremi\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, \u0130brahim, Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n kendisine vaat etti\u011fi topra\u011f\u0131 ararken Hatlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere geldi ve orada ya\u015fayan Hatlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131 ve o yerde kald\u0131. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klama \u0130ncil’den. \u0130brahim’in e\u015fi Sara \u00f6l\u00fcnce, Hatlara ricada bulunup ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hanan topra\u011f\u0131nda e\u015fini\u00a0 defnetti. Hananlar ayr\u0131\u00a0\u00a0 bir topluluk idiler, bu da \u0130ncil’de yaz\u0131l\u0131. Ancak Hananlar Yahudiler <\/strong>taraf\u0131ndan soyk\u0131r\u0131m yoluyla ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131lar (G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile Hanan <\/strong>s\u00fclale ad\u0131n\u0131 \/\u043b\u044a\u044d\u043a\u044a\u0443\u0430\u04461\u044d ta\u015f\u0131yan bir aile Adigey’in Ko\u015fhabl rayonu Fedz<\/strong> k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ya\u015f\u0131yor). Hananlar Etr\u00fcskler<\/strong>\u2019den t\u00fcremi\u015f olmal\u0131lar. Ancak konu hen\u00fcz yeterince a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmu\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\n Hat sonras\u0131nda Hatlar toplu bir halk olarak m\u0131 yoksa kendi i\u00e7lerinde b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f topluluklar olarak m\u0131 bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcler? Ki\u015fisel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme g\u00f6re, Adigeler<\/strong> kendi i\u00e7lerinde b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, gelenek-g\u00f6renek ve dilleri de biraz farkl\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f olarak ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Bu s\u00f6ylediklerim yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklarca da destekleniyor. Kral Mitridat<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n yaz\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve M\u00d6 I. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Strabon<\/strong>\u2019un yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, M\u0131vt\u2019e Denizi<\/strong> (\u0425\u044b \u041c\u044b\u0443\u04421\u044d;Meot Denizi\/Azak Denizi) \u00e7evresindeki bir ku\u015fakta M\u0131vt\u2019eler <\/strong>(\u041c\u044b\u0443\u04421\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0440\/Meotlar) ya\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u201dM\u0131vt\u2019elerin\u201d\u00a0 ayr\u0131 bir ulus olduklar\u0131 yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda bulunanlar da vard\u0131r. Ama ben bu t\u00fcr g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere kat\u0131lm\u0131yorum, ayr\u0131ca do\u011fru da de\u011fildir. Bu, Kuban Irma\u011f\u0131 dolaylar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara Ruslar\u0131n toptanc\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015fla \u201cKubanl\u0131\u201d<\/strong> demeleri gibi bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131r sadece. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ku\u015fkusuz bir temele dayal\u0131d\u0131r. Strabon\u2019un yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, o k\u0131y\u0131larda (Azak Denizi k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda) Bospor<\/strong> ve Sind<\/strong> b\u00f6lgeleri bulunuyordu. Bu iki b\u00f6lgeye yak\u0131n yerlerde de Ahey<\/strong> (\u0430\u0445\u044d\u0439), Zih<\/strong> (\u0437\u0438\u0445), Genioh<\/strong> (\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043e\u0445), Kerket<\/strong> (\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0442) ve Sindler<\/strong> (\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0434) ya\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131\u2026(\u201cGeografiya\u201d, 17 kitap, M. , 1964, II. Cilt, s. 468). Milattan 1200 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Hat<\/strong> (Hitit) Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131ndan sonra, Strabon\u2019un s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fi topluluklar tarih sahnesine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f durumdayd\u0131lar. V. S. Sergeyev<\/strong>\u2019in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, Kuzey Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n Kimmerler<\/strong> olduklar\u0131 belirtiliyor. Asur<\/strong> kabartma\u00a0\u00a0 (\u0449\u044d\u043d\u044d\u0431\u0437) yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda (M\u00d6 VIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l) kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan \u201cGimmirey\u201d<\/strong> (\u201c\u0433\u0438\u043c\u043c\u044d\u0440\u0435\u0439\u201d\/\u201dK\u2019emguy\u201d-\u011e. N. <\/strong>) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de oraya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Grekler, birbirlerine kom\u015fu olan Ahey, Sind, Zih, Kerket, Genioh<\/strong> gibi bir\u00e7ok halk\u0131 Kimmerler<\/strong>\u00a0 ortak ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda tan\u0131ml\u0131yorlard\u0131 (Bkz. Sergeyev V. S. \u0130storiya Drevney Gresti\/Kadim Yunanistan Tarihi. M. , 1963, s. 131). Strabon, \u201cBospor y\u00f6netimi, bir ara Kimmerlerin eline ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Bu nedenle M\u0131vt\u2019e\u2019ye (Azak Denizi\u2019ne) a\u00e7\u0131lan bo\u011faza Kimmer Bospor\u2019u denmi\u015ftir\u201d<\/em><\/strong> diye yaz\u0131yor (Bkz. Strabon, s. 383). S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fim bu konuda daha \u00e7ok bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f kitab\u0131ma bakabilirsiniz (\u201c\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0431 \u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0445. \u0417\u044d\u043a1\u044d\u0440\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d\u043c\u044d \u044f\u0445\u044c\u044b\u043b1\u0430\u0433\u044a\u201d, Maykop, 2002, s. 19-28).<\/p>\n Hatlardan geriye kalan topluluklar-\u0430\u0445\u044d\u0439\/ahey, \u0437\u0438\u0445\/zih, \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0434\/sind, \u043a\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0442\/kerket, \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043e\u0445\/genioh\u2019lar- Adige, Kabardey, Abhaz ya da Wub\u0131hlar m\u0131 idiler, o gibi konularda kesin bir bilgiye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f de\u011filiz, ancak\u00a0 bu topluluklar\u0131n ayn\u0131 k\u00f6kten t\u00fcreme olduklar\u0131 biliniyor. Bu halk topluluklar\u0131na ortak ad olarak Gimmirey\/Kimmerler<\/strong> dendi\u011fini de g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Sonradan bunlara \u00c7erkes<\/strong> denmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Ki\u015fisel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme g\u00f6re, \u00a0\u201c\u00c7erkes\u201d <\/strong>ad\u0131 ki\u015fi ad\u0131ndan geliyor olmal\u0131. Strabon\u2019un yaz\u0131lar\u0131na dayanarak b\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Strabon \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yor: \u201cGeniohlar\u0131n Krekas ve Amfistrat adl\u0131 iki y\u00f6neticisi\/komutan\u0131\u00a0 vard\u0131r\u201d, \u00a0\u201cGeniohlar, kendilerini san\u0131r\u0131m bu iki ki\u015finin ad\u0131yla tan\u0131t\u0131yorlar\u201d<\/em><\/strong> (Strabon, s. 470). Geniohlar\u0131n komutan\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131, Strabon\u2019un yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, (ya da Rus\u00e7a\u2019ya \u00e7evirisine g\u00f6re), \u201cKrekas\u201d<\/strong>t\u0131r, ancak Adige ulusal dilinde \u201ck\u201d (-T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019deki \u201cka\u201d sesi-) denilen bir ses ve \u201ckr\u201d bi\u00e7iminde de bir s\u00f6yleyi\u015f\u00a0 yoktur. Bu nedenle Krekas denilen b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fefe\/komutana Geniohlar\u0131n<\/strong> (\u201cAdigelerin\u201d) dilinde \u201c\u041a1\u044d\u043b\u044d\u043a1\u0430\u0441\u201d<\/strong> (K\u2019elek\u2019as;Son o\u011ful, Sevgili o\u011ful)\u00a0 ya da \u201c\u0414\u0436\u044d\u0440\u044d\u043a\u044a\u044d\u0441\u201d<\/strong> (Cerekas;Naralar atarak, hayk\u0131rarak gelen) deniyor olabilirdi. Bu Adige (\u201cGenioh\u201d) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, ba\u015fka halklar kendi dillerine uydurmu\u015f olmal\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylece K\u2019elek\u2019as<\/strong> ya da Cerekas<\/strong> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Krekas<\/strong> olmu\u015f olmal\u0131. Ad, ard\u0131ndan Kerket<\/strong>, en sonunda da \u00c7erkes<\/strong> oluyor. Ad\u0131n sahibi olan halk\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan (ya da var idiyse bile yitirilmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan) b\u00f6ylesine durumlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabiliyoruz.<\/p>\n Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da Adigeler<\/p>\n <\/strong> Konuyu en eski zamanlardan ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f olmam\u0131z\u0131n elbette bir nedeni vard\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Adigelerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131 Sovyet y\u00f6netiminin Adigeleri b\u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar ve bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme sonucu, asl\u0131nda tek bir dil olan Adigece\u2019nin de b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, ayn\u0131 ulustan olan ki\u015filerin, sonunda\u00a0 birbirleriyle\u00a0 anla\u015famaz durumlara d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcklerini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar. Adigelerin tarihsel yaz\u0131lara g\u00f6re bilindikleri zaman, \u00a0MS IX. y\u00fczy\u0131l olmal\u0131, o d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fayan \u0130bn Haluin<\/strong> (\u0418\u0431\u043d-\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0438\u043d), yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda \u201c\u00c7erkesler herkesten daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcrler\u201d<\/strong> diyor. Ondan \u00f6nce, V-VI. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Prokopiy Kesariyski<\/strong>\u2019nin yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda Meotidya<\/strong>\u2019da\u00a0 (\u041c\u0435\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0434) Zih, Sagid<\/strong> ve Abashlar<\/strong> (\u0410\u0431\u0430\u0441\u0445\u0445\u044d\u0440) ya\u015f\u0131yorlar, deniyor. Yani V-VI. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Abashlar <\/strong> (\u201cAbazalar\u201d ya da \u201cAbhazlar\u201d) \u00f6teki Hat (Adige) topluluklar\u0131 i\u00e7inde hen\u00fcz belirmeye ba\u015fl\u0430m\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Mesudi\u2019nin yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda (MS 943 y\u0131l\u0131, X. y\u00fczy\u0131l), bildi\u011fimiz kadar\u0131yla, ilk kez \u201cAdige\u201d<\/strong> (\u201c\u0410\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d\u201d) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Mesudi \u015f\u00f6yle yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:O \u0131rmak boyunda (ad\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemiyor, ama Kuban Irma\u011f\u0131 olmal\u0131) Ademfiyeler<\/strong> (\u201c\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0434\u0445\u0430\u0442 \u201c ya da \u201c\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0445\u044d\u0440\u201d\/Ademler) oturuyorlar, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kla ge\u00e7iniyorlar, ba\u015flar\u0131nda kral ya da ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 bulunmuyor\u2026Ke\u015feki<\/strong> (Ka\u015faki, Kasogi-Ad\u0131gi xaraktera krotkogo\u2026)\u201d.<\/p>\n Kabardey, Besleney<\/strong> gibi Adige topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n tarihte beliri\u015fi XI-XII. y\u00fczy\u0131llara rastl\u0131yor. Wub\u0131hlar\u0131n <\/strong>ayr\u0131 bir halk olarak beliri\u015fi durumu ise ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer Adige topluluklar\u0131-Abzegh, Bjedugh, Jane, K\u2019emguy, Meho\u015f, Natuhay\/\u043d\u044d\u0442\u044b\u0445\u044a\u0443\u0430\u0439, Shapsugh<\/strong> ve di\u011ferlerinin beliri\u015f tarihleri de ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n hepsini tek bir ulus\/halk ve tek bir dili konu\u015fan insanlar olarak ele alamay\u0131z. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile her bir toplulu\u011fun konu\u015ftu\u011fu dil (diyalekt\/a\u011f\u0131z\/\u0436\u044d\u0440\u044b1\u0443\u0430\u0431\u0437), hala her bir toplulu\u011fun kendi ulusal dilidir: Kabardeyce, Besleneyce;Abazaca, \u00a0Abhazca, Wub\u0131hca, Abzeghce, Bjedughca, \u00a0K\u2019emguyce, Shapsughca <\/strong>ve di\u011ferleri. Abaza, Abhaz<\/strong> ve Wub\u0131h<\/strong> dilleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakiler Adigece ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda tan\u0131n\u0131yorlard\u0131, \u015fimdi de \u00f6yledir.<\/p>\n Adige gelene\u011fi\/xabzesi ve dil<\/p>\n <\/strong> Yukar\u0131daki ilk s\u0131rada yer alan bu \u00fc\u00e7 halk da -Abaza, Abhaz, Wub\u0131h- i\u00e7lerinde olmak \u00fczere, Adigelerin hepsinin gelene\u011fi\/xabzesi<\/strong> (h\u2019abze\/\u0445\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d) birbirine benziyor denebilir, t\u00fcredikleri Hat kavmi gelene\u011fi\/xabzesi de bu \u00f6be\u011fe girer. Adigelik\/Adige gelene\u011fi<\/strong> (\u0410\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0433\u044a\u044d, \u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d \u0445\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d) ile Abhaz gelene\u011fi\/xabzesi<\/strong> (Apsuara), g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de\u011fin benzerliklerini korumu\u015flard\u0131r, ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 noktalar \u00f6nemsizdir, s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etmeye bile de\u011fmez. G\u00fcneydeki yerler (\u043a1\u044d\u0445\u044d;\u044b\u0445\u044d\u0440\u044d) Adigeleri ile kuzeydeki yerler (\u044b\u043f\u0448\u044a\u044d\u0440\u044d) Adigelerinin (Kabardey ve Besleneylerin) gelene\u011fi\/xabzesi\u00a0 farks\u0131zd\u0131r denebilir. Gelenek\/Xabze \u00fczerinde biraz fazla durmam, gelene\u011fin ulus a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemi\/de\u011feri vurgulamay\u0131 istemem nedeniyledir. Dil ulusun ruhu (pse\/\u043f\u0441\u044d) ise, gelenek\/xabze de ulusun akl\u0131 ve de\u011fer yarg\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r <\/strong>(\u0411\u0437\u044d\u0440 \u043b\u044a\u044d\u043f\u043a\u044a\u044b\u043c \u044b\u043f\u0441\u044d\u043c\u044d, \u0445\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d\u0440 \u043b\u044a\u044d\u043f\u043a\u044a\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0430\u043a\u044a\u044b\u043b, \u044b\u0443\u0430\u0441). Dil ile akl\u0131 ay\u0131ramay\u0131z, o zaman ortada do\u011fru\/d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir ulus (\u043b\u044a\u044d\u043f\u043a\u044a \u0442\u044d\u0440\u044d\u0437) kalmaz. Adigeler dilin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak \u201cs\u00f6z\u201d<\/strong> (\u201c\u0433\u0443\u0449\u044b1\/gu\u015f\u0131\u2019\u201d ya da \u201c\u043f\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044a\/psatl\u201d) derler. Burada \u201cgu\u201d<\/strong> (kalp) ile \u201cpse\u201d<\/strong> nin (ruh) nerede bulundu\u011fu, \u201cruhun\/pse\u2019nin\u201d <\/strong>neyin i\u00e7inde yer alm\u0131\u015f olu\u011fu vurgulan\u0131yor. Kalbin ve ruhun bir araya geldi\u011fi yer, gelenek ve g\u00f6renekler <\/strong>(\u0448\u044d\u043d\u0445\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0440\/\u201d\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0440\u201d\/Adigelik) ile ak\u0131l<\/strong>d\u0131r. Buradan hareketle, dile fazlaca bir anlam\/i\u015flev y\u00fcklersen gelene\u011fi\/xabzeyi zorlam\u0131\u015f, gelene\u011fi daha \u00fcstte tutarsan, dildeki g\u00fczelli\u011fi (tad\u0131), bir ba\u015fka dile aktarman g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015fmi\u015f olur. Ancak\u00a0 Adige gelene\u011finden daha fazla etkilenmi\u015f oldu\u011fumu ve onlara daha fazla bir anlam\/\u00f6nem y\u00fcklemek istedi\u011fimi de belirtmek isterim. Kan\u0131na, ruhuna Adige gelene\u011fi\/xabzesi girmi\u015f olan biri, Adigece\u2019yi \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir zorluktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmaz. Adige gelene\u011fi ile yeti\u015fmi\u015f ve donan\u0131ml\u0131 olan bir ki\u015fi, konu\u015fmasa bile davran\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan onun bir Adige, e\u011fitimli ve donan\u0131ml\u0131 bir ki\u015fi oldu\u011funu hemen anlayabilirsin, ancak Adigece konu\u015fsa bile, o ki\u015fide Adigelik ruhu, Adige gelenek ve terbiyesi yoksa, onun i\u00e7in\u00a0 bir Adige\u2019dir de diyemeyiz. Ki\u015fi dil ile gelene\u011fi birlikte\u00a0 i\u00e7selle\u015ftirmi\u015fse, i\u015fte ondan daha m\u00fckemmel, ondan daha g\u00fczel ve ondan daha iyi olan birini aramaya gerek de kalmaz. Buradan hareketle ve kesin bir inan\u00e7la \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz:Adigelik\/xabze ulusu e\u011fitiyor, dil de ulus bireylerinin ileti\u015fimine arac\u0131 oluyor <\/strong>(\u0437\u044d\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0445\u044b\u0445). <\/p>\n Anadili konusu<\/p>\n <\/strong> Dil i\u00e7in anadili (n\u0131detlf\u0131bz\/\u043d\u044b\u0434\u044d\u043b\u044a\u0444\u044b\u0431\u0437) deyimini kullan\u0131yoruz, ama soruna daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i e\u011fildi\u011fimizde, dil ile gelenek\/xabzenin anadan gelme \u015feyler olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunlar\u0131n bebe\u011fe verilen e\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretimden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da anl\u0131yoruz. Do\u011frudur, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceme g\u00f6re, kan\u0131n (\u043b\u044a\u044b)\u00a0 da bir anlam\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyemeyiz. \u201dTlepk\u201d\/ulus\u00a0 (\u201c\u043b\u044a\u044d\u043f\u043a\u044a\u201d\/ulus\/kan birli\u011finden gelme) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de oradan\/kandan kaynaklan\u0131yor. \u0130nsan\u0131n ya\u015famsal g\u00fcc\u00fc\/v\u00fccudu, ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 kana ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, ancak hangi kan\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor olursa olsun, en \u00f6nemli olan etken ki\u015fiye verilmi\u015f\/kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan e\u011fitim\/terbiyedir<\/strong>. Diller biraz farkl\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f olsalar da, Adigeli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren biri, Adige gelene\u011fi\/xabzesi ile donanm\u0131\u015f olan bir ki\u015fi, Adigece\u2019yi de terk etmez, y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n geli\u015ftirerek bug\u00fcnlere getirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu, ilgin\u00e7 y\u00f6nleriyle\u00a0 \u00e7ok zengin bir dil olan Adigece\u2019yi \u00f6yle biri terk etmez, ki\u015finin i\u00e7indeki Adigelik ruhu terk etmeyi kabullenemez, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc\u00a0 kalp ile ak\u0131l o noktada b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fecektir. Bireyi oldu\u011fun ulusunun y\u00fczy\u0131llardan bu yana ya\u015fatarak bug\u00fcnlere getirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu dili, ilgiyle kar\u015f\u0131lamak ve onu geli\u015ftirmek bir g\u00f6rev olarak alg\u0131lanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunu anlamay\u0131 hi\u00e7bir gerek\u00e7e \u00f6nlememeli.<\/p>\n Diaspora\u2019da durum<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye<\/strong> ve di\u011fer d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerde ya\u015fayan Adige gen\u00e7lerinin Adigece\u2019yi b\u0131rakmakta\/unutmakta olduklar\u0131\u00a0 s\u00f6yleniyor, buna \u00e7ok \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcyoruz. Peki, o gen\u00e7lerin kula\u011f\u0131na dede ve ninelerinin, ana ve babalar\u0131n\u0131n temiz Adigece konu\u015fma sesleri hi\u00e7 ula\u015fmam\u0131\u015f m\u0131d\u0131r? Gen\u00e7lerin babalar\u0131n\u0131n Adigece konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 i\u00e7in bask\u0131 ve cezalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131\u00a0 d\u00f6nemler de ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, yine de onlar korkmam\u0131\u015flar ve Adigece konu\u015fmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdi (**). \u015eimdilerde, bildi\u011fimiz kadar\u0131yla\u00a0 o t\u00fcr k\u00f6t\u00fc uygulamalar\u0131n (\u0445\u044d\u0431\u0437\u044d \u0435\u043c\u044b\u043a1\u0443\u0445\u044d\u0440) azalt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131\/kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleniyor, ama gen\u00e7ler Adigece bilmiyorlar ve \u00f6\u011frenmek de istemiyorlar. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, gen\u00e7ler, sadece dili de\u011fil, Adige gelene\u011fini, Adigeli\u011fi de yitirmi\u015f oluyorlar. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Adigelerin b\u00fct\u00fcn bir yery\u00fcz\u00fc d\u00fczeyinde ileti\u015fim ve bulu\u015fma olanaklar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131, teknoloji sayesinde, Adigece\u2019yi g\u00fcn boyunca, gece ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz duyma olanaklar\u0131 da artt\u0131, ama bu olanaktan yararlanm\u0131yorlar, yararlanmak i\u00e7in de bir \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermiyorlar (***). Okumak ve yazmak isteyenler i\u00e7in kitap ve \u00f6\u011fretmen sa\u011flama olanaklar\u0131na kavu\u015ftuk. \u0130\u015fi devlet d\u00fczeyinde ele alsak bile, \u201ddurun\u201d diyecek birileri \u00e7\u0131kmaz diyebiliriz art\u0131k. Bak\u0131n, Adigece\u2019yi ya\u015fatmak i\u00e7in \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019de d\u00fczenlenen uluslar aras\u0131 konferans\u0131n d\u00fczenleyicileri aras\u0131nda Rusya Federasyonu D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilgili b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Hangi y\u00f6ne d\u00f6nsek bile, Adigelerin art\u0131k olduk\u00e7a umut verici olanaklar\u0131 var. \u015eimdiki gen\u00e7ler eskiden dede ve ninelerinin, ana ve babalar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 bask\u0131lar gibisine uygulamalarla da kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131yorlar (****). Ortada a\u011f\u0131r\/b\u00fcy\u00fck engeller de\u011fil, ki\u015fisel engeller vard\u0131r. Gen\u00e7lerimizin ulusumuzu ya\u015fatma isteklerinin bulunmas\u0131, ulusun binlerce y\u0131l boyunca yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlere, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel mirasa sahip \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131, bu miras\u0131 derleyip geli\u015ftirmeleri gerekiyor. Kendimize gelmenin tam s\u0131ras\u0131d\u0131r, i\u00e7inde bir Adige onuru olsun kalm\u0131\u015f olan ki\u015fi, \u00a0adam gibi adam olmal\u0131 ve bir Adige gibi davranmas\u0131n\u0131 bilmelidir!\u00d6nemsemeyece\u011fimiz Adigelik ile Adigece, g\u00f6zbebeklerimiz gibisine tertemizdirler, atalar\u0131m\u0131z bu de\u011ferleri seller gibi kanlar\u0131n\u0131 ak\u0131tarak bug\u00fcnlere getirmi\u015flerdir, bunlar bizlere atalar\u0131m\u0131zdan kalma bir namus borcu, bir onurlu mirast\u0131r. \u0130nsanl\u0131k onurunu (xabzeyi)\u00a0 da i\u00e7selle\u015ftirerek, atalar\u0131n bize b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu mirasa, bu vasiyete sahip \u00e7\u0131kmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n \u015eimdilerde dil ve gelenek<\/p>\n <\/strong> \u00dcz\u00fclsek de, aram\u0131zda Adigece\u2019yi ve Adigeli\u011fi terk etmek i\u00e7in bahaneler bulan ya da uyduran, gerek\u00e7eler s\u0131ralayanlar da az de\u011fildir. \u015e\u00f6ylesine gerek\u00e7eler \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar:Biri \u015fimdiki alfabemizi be\u011fenmiyor, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 Latin alfabesine d\u00f6nmeliyiz diyor, baz\u0131lar\u0131 Arap harflerini savunuyor. Kiril alfabesini uygun kar\u015f\u0131layanlar i\u00e7inde bile, bir ses i\u00e7in iki \u00fc\u00e7 harf (i\u015faret) kullan\u0131l\u0131yor, bu da okuma hevesini k\u0131r\u0131yor, diyenler de var. Ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn bu s\u00f6ylenenlerin hepsinin temelsiz birer bahaneden ba\u015fkas\u0131 olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m sonucu \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f bulunuyorum. Bu konuda bizler b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ortaya koymu\u015f ki\u015fileriz, ama \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimiz kadar\u0131yla Adigece yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015feyleri okumuyor ve onlardan yararlanm\u0131yoruz. Adige Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde y\u00fcz bin \u00a0Adige ya\u015f\u0131yor, bunun onda biri bile \u201cAdige Mak\u201d<\/strong> gazetesine abone de\u011fil, sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p bakm\u0131yor bile (*****). Adigece kitaplar\u0131 \u00fccretsiz da\u011f\u0131tsan bile, a\u00e7\u0131p okuyan yok. Oralarda iyi bir \u015feyler yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil, okumay\u0131 istemedikleri i\u00e7in okumuyorlar (******).<\/p>\n (Devam\u0131 var)<\/p>\n D\u0130PNOTLAR <\/p>\n Diasporan\u0131n ilgisizli\u011fi ve alfabe sorunu<\/strong><\/p>\n Diaspora (\u0445\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0441)<\/em> Adigeleri\u00a0 gazete ve kitap bulma olana\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015ftular, ama kitap edinmek i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermiyorlar. \u0130lk \u00f6nemli sorun bu. Ard\u0131ndan Adigece<\/strong> (\u043a1\u044d\u0445\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d\/\u044b\u0445\u044d\u0440\u044d \u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d)<\/em> ile Kabardey-\u015eercesce<\/strong> (\u044b\u0448\u044a\u0445\u044c\u044d\u0440\u044d \u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d)<\/em> tek bir alfabede birle\u015fmedikleri takdirde, Adigece\u2019nin yok olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Adigece\u2019nin \u00f6\u011frenilmesinin duraklam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n da buradan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenler var.<\/p>\n Bu da ge\u00e7erli bir neden olamaz. 80-100 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde alfabe ve yaz\u0131m\u0131z yoktu, kitap da okumuyorduk, ama-19. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00fcnl\u00fc Adige ayd\u0131n\u0131- Han Girey<\/strong>\u2019in (\u0425\u044a\u0430\u043d-\u0414\u0436\u044d\u0440\u044b\u0439)<\/em> yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, eski Adigeler bizlerden \u00e7ok daha m\u00fckemmel\u00a0 ve \u00e7ok daha g\u00fczel bir Adigece ile konu\u015fuyorlard\u0131, dilimizi de \u015fimdikine g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha canl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131yorlard\u0131. Dil, \u00a0bir konu\u015fma dili olarak da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilir, \u015fimdiki gibi yaz\u0131l\u0131 olsa da. Dilin zenginli\u011fi yaz\u0131l\u0131 olup olmamas\u0131\u00a0 ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemez, as\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan\u0131 kullan\u0131lma durumu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. <\/strong>Kabardey harfleri ile Adige harfleri birbirine benziyor (Her ikisi de Kiril harflerini kullan\u0131yor), ama alfabelerdeki harf say\u0131lar\u0131 farkl\u0131, Adige alfabesinde 66 i\u015faret\/harf (\u0442\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d), Kabardey-\u015eerces alfabesinde de 59 i\u015faret\/harf var. \u0130\u015faretlerin 54\u2019\u00fc ortak, birbirini tutuyor. 12 Adige harf\/i\u015fareti Kabardey-\u015eerces alfabesinde bulunmuyor (\u0436\u044a, \u0436\u044a\u0443, \u043f1\u0443, \u00a0\u04421\u0443, \u0446\u0443, \u0447\u044a, \u00a0\u0448\u044a, \u0448\u044a\u0443, \u00a0\u04481, \u00a0\u04481\u0443, \u00a0\u0434\u0437\u0443. . . <\/strong>). Kabardey-\u015eerces\/\u00c7erkes alfabesindeki 5 i\u015faret de Adige (\u043a1\u044d\u0445\u044d) alfabesinde yok (\u043a\u0445\u044a, \u043a\u0445\u044a\u0443, \u04441, \u0445\u0443, \u04491<\/strong>). Kabardey-\u015eerces\u00a0 dilinde 7 sesli (\u00fcnl\u00fc) bulundu\u011fu varsay\u0131l\u0131yor (\u044d, \u044b, \u0430, \u043e, \u0443, \u0435, \u0438<\/strong>), \u00a0iki i\u015faret de diftong (ikili \u00fcnl\u00fc) say\u0131l\u0131yor (\u044e, \u044f<\/strong>). Adigece\u2019de ise, \u00a0esas olarak 3 \u00fcnl\u00fc bulundu\u011fu biliniyor (\u0430, \u044d, \u044b<\/strong>); bunlara yar\u0131m \u00fcnl\u00fc say\u0131lan\u00a0 \u201c\u0439\u201d<\/strong> , \u00a0\u201c\u0443\u201d<\/strong> ekleniyor ve \u015f\u00f6ylesine bir \u00fcnl\u00fc tablosu\u00a0 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor:o, y, \u044f, \u0435, \u0438<\/strong>. Bunlara ikinci diftong (ikili \u00fcnl\u00fc) say\u0131lan\u00a0 \u044e<\u0439\u0443 <\/strong> da\u00a0 ekleniyor.<\/p>\n Kabardey-\u015eerces alfabesindeki be\u015f i\u015fareti, yani\u00a0 \u0436\u044c, \u0436, \u0448, \u0449, \u04491<\/strong> i\u015faretlerini, \u00a0be\u015f Adige i\u015fareti, \u00a0\u0436, \u0436\u044c, \u0449, \u0448\u044a, \u0448<\/strong> ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum. (\u201dBkz. \u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u201d. Maykop, 2003, s. 30). \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu i\u015faretlerin ayn\u0131 sesleri verdikleri kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131m. Komefe Muhadin<\/strong>\u2019in (*) bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u0436\u044c, \u0449<\/strong> ve \u0449l<\/strong> gibi Kabardey-\u015eerces i\u015faretleri, \u0436\u044a, \u0448\u044a <\/strong>ve \u04481<\/strong> Adige i\u015faretleri (\u0442\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d) ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilirse daha yerinde olur. Birbirinin ayn\u0131 olan sesler ayn\u0131\/benzer i\u015faretlerle g\u00f6sterilmelidir. Bunun do\u011frulu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez, ancak Adigece ile Kabardey-\u015eerces dilindeki ses say\u0131lar\u0131 ayn\u0131 de\u011fil, farkl\u0131d\u0131r, i\u015faretler de ona ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 oluyor. Bu nedenle iki alfabeyi teke indirmenin yararl\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sanm\u0131yorum. Telaffuz bi\u00e7imi (\u0437\u0438\u043a\u044a\u044d1\u0443\u0430\u043a1)<\/em> ve kurulu\u015fu (\u0437\u0438\u044a\u044d\u043f\u0441\u044b\u043a1) <\/em>farkl\u0131 olanlar\u0131 birle\u015ftirirsen\/bir araya getirirsen (\u0437\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0431\u0433\u044a\u0430\u0445\u044c\u044d\u043c\u044d)\u00a0 <\/em>yarar\u0131 olmaz, sadece zarar verir. Ard\u0131ndan gelene\u011fin (al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u0131n) g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc de unutmamal\u0131y\u0131z. Yararl\u0131 bir sonu\u00e7 vermeyecek, aksine zarar verecek \u015feylerin pe\u015finden ko\u015fmamal\u0131y\u0131z. Haz\u0131r olan ve y\u00fczy\u0131ldan beri insanlar\u0131n kulland\u0131klar\u0131 ve al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 her iki alfabeyi\u00a0 kullanmaya devam etmeyi daha yararl\u0131 buluyorum. Bu gibi sorunlar\u0131 Maykop ve Nal\u00e7ik\u2019te de g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck, Komafe Muhadin ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda topland\u0131k, y\u00f6neticileri bilgilendirmek ve bir karara varmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak \u00fczere projeler haz\u0131rlay\u0131p ilgili makamlara sunduk, ama bir sonu\u00e7 alamad\u0131k. <\/p>\n \u0130ki Adige dilinin birle\u015ftirilmesi sorunu ve ger\u00e7ekler<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc sorun ise, sorunlar\u0131n en a\u011f\u0131r\u0131, en zorlusu. Bu da G\u00fcney\u00a0 (\u044b\u0445\u044d\u0440\u044d)<\/em> Adigece\u2019si ile Kuzey (\u044b\u043f\u0448\u044a\u044d\u0440\u044d) Adigece\u2019sini\/Kabardeyce\u2019yi birle\u015ftirme ya da ba\u015fka bir anlat\u0131mla iki Adige edebiyat dilini teke, tek bir Adige edebiyat diline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme iste\u011fidir, yani varolan\u00a0 iki Adige dilini birle\u015ftirmedi\u011fimiz takdirde Adigelerin ayakta kalamayacaklar\u0131 bi\u00e7imindeki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerdir. Bu t\u00fcr s\u00f6ylemlerde bulunanlar, bu konuda dilbilimcileri ele\u015ftiriyor, sorumlu tutup\u00a0 k\u0131n\u0131yorlar. Dilbilimcilerin g\u00f6revi, dil kurallar\u0131n\u0131 (\u0431\u0437\u044d\u043c \u0438\u0445\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d\u0445\u044d\u0440) bilimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p ortaya koymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r, yoksa\u00a0 dil yaratma ve bu gibi konularda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00fcretme, dilleri birle\u015ftirme ya da ay\u0131rma gibi i\u015fler de\u011fildir. Bu gibi konularla ilgilenen ya da tarihte b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f olan bir ki\u015fi, tek bir \u00f6rnek bile bulunamaz, bundan sonras\u0131 i\u00e7in de bulunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 sanmam. Bunun b\u00f6yle oldu\u011funu biz biliyoruz, ama baz\u0131lar\u0131 trib\u00fcnlere oynuyorlar, b\u00fct\u00fcn Adige dillerinin birle\u015ftirilmesinin art\u0131k zaman\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fini, bu konuda biz dilbilimcilere b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluklar d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar;b\u00f6yle \u015feyler s\u00f6ylediklerinde, kula\u011fa ho\u015f geliyor ve dinleyici co\u015fkuyla aya\u011fa f\u0131rlay\u0131p onlara alk\u0131\u015f tutuyor, bizlere de (\u201cbiz su\u00e7lu olanlara da\u201d) yan g\u00f6zlerle (\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0436\u044a\u044d\u043a1\u044d)<\/em> bak\u0131yorlar. Bu da biz Adigelerin e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyinin ve d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00a0 \u00f6yle pek fazladan\u00a0 bir\u00a0 yol alamam\u0131\u015f\/geli\u015fememi\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Dil, bizi \u00e7evreleyen d\u00fcnya, Tanr\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bize\/insanlara verildi. Dil\u00a0 sesleri fazla de\u011fildir (20 ile 79 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiyor), ama bu az say\u0131daki ses \u00fczerinden, konu\u015fma ve ileti\u015fimi sa\u011flayan on binlerce s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kurgulayabiliyoruz<\/strong>. Kullan\u0131labilecek s\u00f6zc\u00fck olanaklar\u0131 da\u00a0 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, halen kullanmakta oldu\u011fumuz on binlerce s\u00f6zc\u00fck say\u0131s\u0131 bile\u00a0 azd\u0131r diyebiliriz. B\u00f6ylesine bir kurgulamay\u0131 yapabilecek tek bir ki\u015fi\u00a0 bile b\u00fct\u00fcn bir yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde yoktur. Dil kurallar\u0131n\u0131 iyi \u00f6\u011frenmenin, insanlar\u0131n birbirlerini anlamalar\u0131 anlam\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nemi vard\u0131r. Dilbilimi de, sonu\u00e7 olarak, bununla\/insanlar\u0131n birbirlerini anlamalar\u0131 konusuyla\u00a0 ilgileniyor. Dil kurallar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenilmesi (<\/strong>\u0431\u0437\u044d \u0445a\u0431\u0437\u044d\u0445\u044d\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044d\u0433\u044a\u044d\u04481\u044d\u043d)<\/em> i\u015fi tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, insanlar\u0131n anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n da tamamlanaca\u011f\u0131na, korkun\u00e7 sava\u015flar\u0131n sona erece\u011fine, \u00a0anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n kalkaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yorum ve o g\u00fcnleri\u00a0 i\u00e7tenlikle \u00f6zl\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n <\/strong>Sizleri b\u0131kt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131y\u0131m, bu nedenle yaz\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6neyim ve sonu\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerinde durmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fay\u0131m.<\/p>\n Prof. Komafe Muhadin ile T\u2019e\u015fu Murdin alfabe ve dil konular\u0131nda neler s\u00f6ylediler, oysa ger\u00e7ek durum nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llardan beri sayg\u0131 duydu\u011fum ve ya\u015f\u0131t\u0131m olan bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi ile \u00f6nemli konu\u015fma ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerim olmu\u015ftur. Gazete ve dergilerde, \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>\u2018Adige de, Kabardey de olsak, sonunda hepimiz Adige\u2019yiz, o halde tek bir dilimiz olmal\u0131d\u0131r\u2019 <\/em>diyenlerle olan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerimdir s\u00f6z konusu olan. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 kavrayanlar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, bir yerlere tak\u0131l\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015f olanlar ve kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinde \u0131srar\/inat edenler de \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve b\u00f6yleleri az da de\u011fildirler. B\u00f6ylelerinin say\u0131lar\u0131 azalm\u0131yor, aksine durmadan art\u0131yor. Bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce, sayg\u0131 duydu\u011fum T\u2019e\u015fu Murdin<\/strong>\u2019in\u00a0 (\u04221\u044d\u0448\u044a\u0443 \u041c\u0443\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d<\/em>) (**), 16. Aral\u0131k 2008 g\u00fcnl\u00fc \u201cAdige Mak\u201d<\/strong> gazetesinde \u201cAlfabe \u00fczerindeki buka\u011f\u0131y\u0131 kald\u0131ral\u0131m!\u201d<\/strong> (\u0410\u043b\u044a\u0444\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043b\u044a\u0430\u0445\u044a\u044d\u0440 \u0442\u0435\u0442\u044d\u0436\u044a\u0443\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0445\u044b\u0436\u044c!)<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131s\u0131 yay\u0131nland\u0131. T\u2019e\u015fu Murdin\u2019in ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar, yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fim \u015feylerdir, ancak kendisini yan\u0131tlamamam halinde biz dilbilimcileri k\u0131nayabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek, \u00e7ok sayg\u0131 duydu\u011fum bu dostuma yan\u0131t vermeyi bir g\u00f6rev sayd\u0131m. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, sorunu t\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla masaya yat\u0131rmaya karar verdim. T\u2019e\u015fu Murdin, s\u00f6zkonusu yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, D\u00fcnya \u00c7erkes Birli\u011fi<\/strong> (\u0414\u0443\u043d\u044d\u0435 \u0410\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d \u0425\u0430\u0441\u044d) <\/em>\u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201cYery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki\u00a0 b\u00fct\u00fcn Adigelerin tek bir alfabede birle\u015fmeleri, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 olarak da iki Adige edebiyat dilinin teke indirilmesi\u2026\u201d<\/em><\/strong> y\u00f6n\u00fcnde al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir karar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck soruna bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu bulmak\/ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in de \u201cEn \u00fcnl\u00fc Adige dilbilimcilerinin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla bir kurul olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftu. Kurul Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na da \u00fcnl\u00fc dilbilimcimiz Komafe Muhadin (Moskova) getirilmi\u015fti\u201d. Ama \u201cKurul alfabe haz\u0131rlama i\u015fini bile yerine getirmedi. G\u00f6revini yerine getirmeyene\u00a0 bir \u015fey denmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak \u015fey. Ulusun dili b\u00f6ylesine orta yerde kalacak m\u0131, kalmayacak m\u0131, anla\u015f\u0131lan i\u015f bir kenara itilmi\u015f, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar da durmu\u015f\u201d<\/em><\/strong> diyerek yak\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n T\u2019e\u015fu Murdin\u2019i tasaland\u0131ran ve kongrelerde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen bu t\u00fcr konular \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fiyi de kayg\u0131land\u0131r\u0131yor, ancak durum T\u2019e\u015fu Murdin\u2019in s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi de\u011fil, s\u00f6yledikleri de ger\u00e7eklerle ba\u011fda\u015facak \u015feyler de\u011fil. S\u00f6z konusu dil kuruluna al\u0131nanlar aras\u0131nda ben yoktum, ama Komafe Muhadin\u2019<\/strong>in \u00f6ylesine bir sorumlulu\u011fun alt\u0131na girece\u011fini sanmam, bundan eminim. Komafe art\u0131k aram\u0131zda de\u011fil (Mekan\u0131 Cennet olsun), ama onun dilbilimi alan\u0131ndaki sorumluluk ve g\u00f6revlerini yeterince yerine getirmeyen\u00a0 biri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyemeyiz, yanl\u0131\u015f olur. Onun alfabeler \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekecek baz\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck noktalar \u00fczerinde durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylersek, o da uygun olmaz. Ancak dili tek bir Adigece\u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131, bilimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan uygun bulmuyordu, o g\u00f6rev ona verilmi\u015f olsa bile, o g\u00f6revi yerine getirmemi\u015f\/yapmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 da anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir \u015feydir, yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsa da ba\u015faramazd\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Komafe Muhadin<\/strong>, Adige dilleri konusunda ne denli yetkin bir uzman olsa da, dil yaratma, dilleri birle\u015ftirme ya da ay\u0131rma gibi \u015feyleri \u00fcstlenecek, yani kendisini Tanr\u0131 yerine koyacak biri de\u011fildi. Komafe Muhadin\u2019e duydu\u011fum bu g\u00fcveni, onun s\u00f6zleriyle de peki\u015ftirmek istiyorum. S\u00f6z ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 Rus\u00e7a olarak yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, yoruma\/anlam sapmas\u0131na yer b\u0131rakmamak i\u00e7in, yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 aynen, Rus\u00e7a olarak veriyorum:(\u011e\u0131\u015f Nuh, burada Komafe Muhadin\u2019den Rus\u00e7a uzun bir al\u0131nt\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131 sunuyor. -HCY, ilgilenenler i\u00e7in bkz:\u201dKabardino-\u00c7erkesskiy yaz\u0131k\u201d-\u201cKabardey-\u015eerces\/\u00c7erkes dili\u201d, cilt I, Nal\u00e7ik, 2006, s. 35). <\/p>\n Eski Bakan ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 yazar \u00c7em\u0131\u015fo \u011eaz\u0131y ne diyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n Komafe Muhadin gibi bilginlerin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, dilbilimci olmayan ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin 4 Aral\u0131k 2008 tarihli\u00a0 \u201cAdige Mak\u201d <\/strong>gazetesinde \u00c7em\u0131\u015fo \u011eaz\u0131y<\/strong>\u2019in (***) \u201cAdige Dilbilimi\u2026\u201d<\/strong> (\u0410\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d \u0431\u0437\u044d\u04481\u044d\u043d\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0440)<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131s\u0131 yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u015e\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yor \u00c7em\u0131\u015fo \u011eaz\u0131y: \u201cAlfabenin temeli de\u011fi\u015ftirilirse, daha kolay bir okuma olana\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Adigelerin anadillerinde daha kolay okumaya ve yazmaya ba\u015flayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenler var\u2026Bana g\u00f6re bu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yan\u0131lg\u0131. Adige alfabelerinin temeli ile oynand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, eldekini de yitiririz, tutunacak dal\u0131m\u0131z da kalmaz. Bu bir, ikincisi, bir ulusun iki ayr\u0131 edebiyat dilinin bulundu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi, ku\u015fkusuz istenir bir \u015fey de\u011fildir, ama bu durum, bizim a\u00e7\u0131m\u0131zdan, \u00a0ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\/yok edilmesi olanaks\u0131z olan bir olgu, bir ger\u00e7ek. <\/em> <\/strong><\/p>\n Ki\u015fisel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceme g\u00f6re, tek bir edebiyat dili olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in, tarihimizde elveri\u015fli iki d\u00f6nem ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130lki b\u00fct\u00fcn Adigelerin anayurdu hen\u00fcz terk etmedikleri, birbirleriyle ili\u015fki i\u00e7inde olduklar\u0131 -1864 \u00f6ncesi- d\u00f6nem, ikincisi de Sovyet iktidar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda edebiyat dillerinin olu\u015fturulmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nem. Her iki d\u00f6nemi de kullanamad\u0131k. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u015eu durumda iki edebiyat dilimiz var, her ikisinin de birer geleneksel oturmu\u015flu\u011fu var. Bize d\u00fc\u015fecek olan g\u00f6rev, her iki dili de kullanmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek ve ikisini birbirine yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r. \u0130ki yaz\u0131 dilinden birini se\u00e7meye kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131rsak, ulusun bir kolunu- bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc- yaz\u0131s\u0131z b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f, ulusun birli\u011fini bozmu\u015f oluruz\u201d<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n Yerinde ve derinlikli s\u00f6zlerdir bunlar.<\/p>\n Adige dilleri \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m ve tepkiler<\/strong><\/p>\n Bu\u00a0 yaz\u0131mda\/makalemde ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ana soruya ili\u015fkin bir kitap da yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015f bulunuyorum \u201c\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u201d (Maykop, 2003, 282 sayfa, -Rus\u00e7a-). Kitab\u0131n sayfalar\u0131nda her bir ses (\u043c\u0430\u043a\u044a\u044d) ve i\u015faret (tam\u0131\u011fe) \u00fczerinde ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 duruyor ve toparlamalar\/sentezler (\u0437\u044d\u0444\u044d\u0445\u044c\u044b\u0441\u044b\u0436\u044c\u0445\u044dp) yap\u0131yorum. Alfabe konusu \u00fczerinde de duruyor, daha a\u00e7\u0131k ve birbirine daha yak\u0131n hale gelme yollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f bulunuyorum. Ayr\u0131ca daha k\u0131sa ve daha d\u00fczenli Adigece ve Kabardeyce alfabeler haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f bulunuyorum. Morfoloji (bi\u00e7imbilim), <\/em>sentaks (s\u00f6zdizim) <\/em>ve leksik (s\u00f6z da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/em> benzerlik ve farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6steriyorum. Ard\u0131ndan sonu\u00e7 de\u011ferlendirmelerimi veriyorum. S\u00f6z konusu kitap \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri Komafe Muhadin<\/strong>\u2019in de do\u011frulam\u0131\u015f\/teyit etmi\u015f olmas\u0131, biraz da olsa i\u00e7ime su serpmi\u015ftir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc toplum aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olan kan\u0131lar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p yaz\u0131 yazmaya kalk\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ki\u015filerin beklenmedik tepkileri ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsun. Biri \u00f6tekine s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor, derken sonunda dile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor, k\u0131nanmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yorsun. Biz bilimi esas alarak, i\u00e7tenlikli olarak sorunun \u00fczerine e\u011filmi\u015f bulunuyoruz, kitleler ise, bunu anlayam\u0131yorlar, kendi isteklerinin ya da olmayacak \u015feylerin olmas\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 bekliyorlar, sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmeye ve dikte etmeye kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, biz biliminsanlar\u0131n\u0131 da sorunun \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engellermi\u015f gibi g\u00f6rmeye\/g\u00f6stermeye ve su\u00e7lamaya kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. B\u00f6ylesine giri\u015fimlere alk\u0131\u015f tutanlar, \u00fcz\u00fclsek de, \u00a0az de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n Sonu\u00e7 olarak, sorunun \u00fczerinde t\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla durdum, bundan yad\u0131rganacak\/negatif\u00a0 (\u0433\u0443\u0437\u044d\u0433\u044a\u0430\u0431\u044d)<\/em> bir sonu\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sanmam. Bizler, biz bilimi rehber edinenler, eski Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n dedi\u011fi gibi, \u201cDo\u011fruluk\/ger\u00e7ek, dostluktan\/ahbapl\u0131ktan daha de\u011ferlidir\u201d <\/em><\/strong>(\u201c\u0418\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b\u201d-\u201c\u0448\u044a\u044b\u043f\u043a\u044a\u044d\u043d\u044b\u0433\u044a\u044d\u0440 \u043d\u044b\u0431\u0434\u0436\u044d\u0433\u044a\u0443\u0433\u044a\u044d\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0445\u044c \u043b\u044a\u0430\u043f1\u201d)<\/em> deyi\u015finden hareketle yola devam ediyoruz.<\/p>\n Sorusu olanlara a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131m, t\u00fcm sorular\u0131 \u00fc\u015fenmeden yan\u0131tlamaya da haz\u0131r\u0131m. T\u2019e\u015fu Murdin ve dilimiz \u00fczerine kayg\u0131lar ta\u015f\u0131yan herkese sayg\u0131l\u0131y\u0131m, biz \u00f6yleleri ile ciddi ve i\u00e7tenlikli\u00a0 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyoruz. Ancak sizlerin de, bir olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131z olursa, dillerimiz \u00fczerine yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f olan kitaplar\u0131 edinmenizi\/okuman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6ncelikli olarak sal\u0131k veririm.<\/p>\n \u011eI\u015e Nuh D\u0130PNOTLAR: Not: <\/strong>Ara ba\u015fl\u0131klar, alt \u00e7izmeler ve tire i\u00e7indeki yaz\u0131lar \u00e7evirmene aittir. – HCY<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Prof. Dr. ĞIŞ Nuh Adige Mak, 12\/13 Şubat 2009 Çeviri: HAPİ Cevdet Yıldız Biliminsanının Gözüyle: “Doğruluk Dostluktan Daha Değerlidir” Adigelerin kökeni üzerine açıklamalar Adigelerin bir toplum olarak bir arada bulundukları ve ortak bir alanda yaşadıkları sıralarda hangi dili konuşmuş olduklarını bilmemiz kolay değildir, konu yazılı kaynaklarda yeterince belirtilmiş değil. Kaynaklara göre Adigeler Hatlar‘dan (Хьатхэр) (*) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-edebiyat-genel-konular","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8861","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8861"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8861\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8864,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8861\/revisions\/8864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8861"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8861"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.circassiancenter.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8861"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n<\/b><\/span> Adige Mak, 12\/13 \u015eubat 2009
\n\u00c7eviri: HAP\u0130 Cevdet Y\u0131ld\u0131z<\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/strong> (*) <\/strong>Hatlar, Hatti\/Hititler olmal\u0131. -HCY
\n(**) <\/strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Adigeler ve di\u011fer k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck diller, kendi ayr\u0131 k\u00f6ylerinde\u00a0 dillerini 100 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n\u00a0 bir s\u00fcre boyunca (1970\u2019lere de\u011fin) korumu\u015f, kentlerde de dillerini\u00a0 konu\u015fabilmi\u015flerdir, belli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonunda asimilasyon olay\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Olayda devletlerin asimilasyoncu politikalar\u0131 belirleyici olmu\u015ftur. \u0130srail ve Yugoslavya\u2019da asimilasyon politikalar\u0131 uygulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Adige dili korunmu\u015f, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131\/fa\u015fist rejimlerde ise asimilasyon olay\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. -HCY
\n(***) <\/strong>1992\u2019de Maykop\u2019ta bir Rus k\u0131z\u0131, \u201dT\u00fcrkiye\u2019den Adigece okutacak \u00f6\u011fretmenler istenecek olursa, i\u015fte o zaman ben de Adigece \u00f6\u011frenir, gelir \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131za Adigece ders veririm\u201d demi\u015fti bana. Yani dilin bir i\u015flevi ve getirisi olmal\u0131, i\u00e7i doldurulmal\u0131d\u0131r, diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Sorun, s\u00f6z ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctle\u00a0 de\u011fil, devlet uygulamalar\u0131yla (politik yolla) \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. Her yerde bu b\u00f6yledir. -HCY.
\n(****)<\/strong> \u015eimdilerde, eskiden oldu\u011fu gibi a\u00e7\u0131k bask\u0131lar uygulanm\u0131yor olsa bile, \u00a0\u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc ve sinsi politika ve bask\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmedi\u011fini de kimse iddia edemez. -HCY
\n(*****)<\/strong> \u201cAdige Mak\u201d (\u0410\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d \u043c\u0430\u043a\u044a) gazetesinin tiraj\u0131 7 bin 400\u2019d\u00fcr. -HCY
\n(******) <\/strong>Adigece kitaplara ve Adigece\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 olan bu ilgisizli\u011fin nedeni, bize g\u00f6re, alfabe falan de\u011fildir, alfabe konusunda \u011e\u0131\u015f Nuh\u2019a kat\u0131l\u0131yorum. Dilden uzakla\u015fman\u0131n as\u0131l nedeni, Adigece\u2019nin i\u015flevinin daralt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve en alt d\u00fczeylere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131, Adigece e\u011fitime\u00a0 son verilmi\u015f, Adigece televizyon yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n haftada\u00a0 50 dakika gibi g\u00f6stermelik d\u00fczeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131, vb dir, diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Yani sorun bireysel ya da region y\u00f6netimlerince \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenecek bir sorun de\u011fildir, tamamen politiktir, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm Federal Merkez\u2019in yerel dilleri ger\u00e7ek anlamda desteklemesine ve bu do\u011frultuda politik d\u00fczenlemeler yapmas\u0131na, korku duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. -HCY
\nNot:<\/strong>Ara ba\u015fl\u0131klar ve tire i\u00e7indeki yaz\u0131lar \u00e7evirmene aittir. -HCY<\/p>\n
\n<\/em><\/strong> Dilbilimleri uzman\u0131, Prof. Dr., AC ve RF k\u0131demli bilim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131, AMAN akademisyeni, AR\u0130G\u0130 (Adigey Sosyal Bilimler Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc) B\u00f6l\u00fcm Ba\u015fkan\u0131. <\/em><\/p>\n
\n(*) Komafe Muhadin<\/strong> (\u041a\u044a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0444\u044d \u041c\u0443\u0445\u044c\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d;Kabardeyce yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131- \u201c\u041aomaho Muhadin\u201d), \u00a0\u00fcnl\u00fc akademisyen ve Adige dili bilgini, \u201dKomafe\/Komaho\u201d-\u201cU\u011furlu, ayd\u0131nl\u0131k evlat, o\u011ful\u201d anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. -HCY
\n(**) T\u2019e\u015fu Murdin<\/strong>, Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 (\u015e\u2019a\u00e7e ve Tuapse) Adige-Sahpsughlar\u0131 \u201cAdige Xase\u201d \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ilk ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve \u015fimdiki onursal ba\u015fkan\u0131. -HCY
\n(***) \u00c7em\u0131\u015fo \u011eaz\u0131y<\/strong> (\u0427\u044d\u043c\u044b\u0448\u044a\u043e \u0413\u044a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0439), Adigey Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin \u015fimdiki K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakan\u0131 Adam Tletser<\/strong>\u2019den \u00f6nceki k\u00fclt\u00fcr bakan\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 ve yazar. \u00a0\u201cD\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn \u0130lk Ad\u0131mlar\u0131\u201d <\/strong>(Ankara, 2000) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. -HCY<\/p>\n